Overview

SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 33 Researches
7.4
USERS' SCORE
Moderately Good
Based on 29 Reviews
7.3
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 2 Soft Gels
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Calories
30
 
Total Fat
2.5 g
3%**
Cholesterol
<5 mg
1%
Protein
<1 g
 
Vitamin E (as natural d-alpha tocopherol)
13.4 mg
89%
Norwegian Fish Oil
2.5 g
Total Omega-3 Fatty Acids*
1,600 mg
EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)*
800 mg
DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid)*
600 mg

Top Medical Research Studies

We investigated the link between plasma omega-3 levels and the risk of heart failure (HF) in a large UK cohort study. Our analysis revealed that higher omega-3 levels were associated with a 21% lower chance of developing HF over nearly 14 years.

For individuals already diagnosed with HF, elevated omega-3 levels corresponded to about a 50% reduction in the risk of overall and cardiovascular mortality. These results suggest that boosting omega-3 intake through diet or supplements may help prevent HF and increase longevity for those already facing heart challenges.
Read More
9
Omega-3 reduces cardiovascular risk
We observed the effects of icosapent ethyl on heart health in a significant clinical trial involving statin-treated patients at high risk for cardiovascular events. This post hoc analysis revealed that icosapent ethyl reduced major cardiovascular issues, regardless of whether patients had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels below or above 55 mg/dL.

Notably, those with optimal LDL-C control still benefited from the treatment, showing that this fish oil derivative can be effective in managing heart risks for many patients.
Read More
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces arrhythmia
We explored the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on heart health by studying mice on a high-fat diet. Those supplemented with EPA showed a significant reduction in atrial fibrillation compared to those without. While 100% of the high-fat diet mice developed atrial fibrillation, only 50% of those receiving EPA did, and their episodes were shorter.

Our findings suggest that including EPA in the diet can help improve heart function and reduce irregular heart rhythms linked to high-fat diets.
Read More

Most Useful Reviews

9
Improved health
33 people found this helpful
I thoroughly enjoyed this product. After over a month of use, my health has improved significantly, boosting my immunity against viral diseases. My headaches have become less frequent, and my skin's condition has improved remarkably. The vascular mesh on my face has practically disappeared. I appreciate the small bonus package that is convenient to carry.
Read More
9
Supports heart
10 people found this helpful
I have taken Omega 3 for many years, especially due to age-related cardiovascular disease. It helps control cholesterol, which is lacking in my diet. I chose Solgar for its optimal dosage and quality ingredients. I take two capsules every morning with breakfast, and it relieves inflammation. Despite their size, they are easy to swallow, and I recommend this product for its value.
Read More
9
Reduces cholesterol levels
1 people found this helpful
Posh Omega ensures cardiovascular disease is a lesser risk by cleansing blood vessels of "bad" cholesterol and improving elasticity, thus normalising blood pressure and reducing cholesterol plaques. I’ve been taking it for three months.
Read More

Medical Researches

SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 33 Researches
7.4
  • All Researches
9
Omega-3 reduces cardiovascular risk
We observed the effects of icosapent ethyl on heart health in a significant clinical trial involving statin-treated patients at high risk for cardiovascular events. This post hoc analysis revealed that icosapent ethyl reduced major cardiovascular issues, regardless of whether patients had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels below or above 55 mg/dL.

Notably, those with optimal LDL-C control still benefited from the treatment, showing that this fish oil derivative can be effective in managing heart risks for many patients.
Read More
9
Omega-3 improves heart function
We assessed how omega-3 fatty acids (PUFAs) can support heart failure management through a thorough network meta-analysis of 14 studies with nearly 9,100 participants.

Our findings revealed that high doses (2,000-4,000 mg/day) taken for at least one year significantly improved heart function, particularly the left ventricular ejection fraction and peak oxygen consumption.

However, lower doses and shorter durations were not effective, and we found no major differences in safety measures like dropout rates or overall mortality between those taking omega-3 and those who were not.
Read More
We investigated the link between plasma omega-3 levels and the risk of heart failure (HF) in a large UK cohort study. Our analysis revealed that higher omega-3 levels were associated with a 21% lower chance of developing HF over nearly 14 years.

For individuals already diagnosed with HF, elevated omega-3 levels corresponded to about a 50% reduction in the risk of overall and cardiovascular mortality. These results suggest that boosting omega-3 intake through diet or supplements may help prevent HF and increase longevity for those already facing heart challenges.
Read More
9
Krill oil may improve heart health
We delved into how Antarctic krill oil, rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), can influence cardiovascular health, specifically in the context of obesity. Our focus centered on its effects in mice fed a high-fat diet, which typically leads to increased cholesterol levels and oxidative stress—conditions that can heighten cardiovascular disease risk.

Through our research methods, including molecular docking and analysis of liver histology, we discovered that Antarctic krill oil appears to play a beneficial role in combating these adverse effects. We observed that the oil reduced oxidative stress and fat accumulation in these obese mice. This was associated with improved metabolic parameters that contribute to heart health, primarily through its action on molecules involved in cholesterol metabolism.

Notably, we found that krill oil helped lower the levels of harmful low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and activated pathways that support good cholesterol management in the body. These findings suggest that incorporating Antarctic krill oil, with its high EPA content, might be a promising strategy for addressing obesity-related cardiovascular issues.

Overall, our study points to the potential of eicosapentaenoic acid from krill oil as a natural approach to improving heart health, particularly for those struggling with obesity and its challenges.
Read More
This study examined how different fatty acids affect heart health, particularly focusing on long-chain acylcarnitines. We found that saturated and monounsaturated acylcarnitines, especially one type called trans-elaidoylcarnitine, can significantly harm heart function and cell viability.

On the other hand, omega-3 derived acylcarnitines like eicosapentaenoylcarnitine and docosahexaenoylcarnitine showed minimal negative effects. In fact, they did not impair heart function or cell viability, suggesting that omega-3 fish oil might be a safer option for people with heart issues compared to other fatty acid sources.
Read More

User Reviews

USERS' SCORE
Moderately Good
Based on 29 Reviews
7.3
  • All Reviews
  • Positive Reviews
  • Negative Reviews
9
Improved health
33 people found this helpful
I thoroughly enjoyed this product. After over a month of use, my health has improved significantly, boosting my immunity against viral diseases. My headaches have become less frequent, and my skin's condition has improved remarkably. The vascular mesh on my face has practically disappeared. I appreciate the small bonus package that is convenient to carry.
Read More
9
Supports heart
10 people found this helpful
I have taken Omega 3 for many years, especially due to age-related cardiovascular disease. It helps control cholesterol, which is lacking in my diet. I chose Solgar for its optimal dosage and quality ingredients. I take two capsules every morning with breakfast, and it relieves inflammation. Despite their size, they are easy to swallow, and I recommend this product for its value.
Read More
9
Reduces cholesterol levels
1 people found this helpful
Posh Omega ensures cardiovascular disease is a lesser risk by cleansing blood vessels of "bad" cholesterol and improving elasticity, thus normalising blood pressure and reducing cholesterol plaques. I’ve been taking it for three months.
Read More
7.5
Family health support
1 people found this helpful
I regularly buy Omega from this company. The high dosage and good quality benefit our cardiovascular health without leaving a fishy aftertaste, only a slight citrus flavour.
Read More
7.5
Heart and diabetes assistance
1 people found this helpful
I appreciate that omega-3 helps manage cardiovascular disease, lowers HDL cholesterol, and benefits individuals with pressure and diabetes by delaying their effects.
Read More

Frequently Asked Questions

9
Improved health
33 people found this helpful
I thoroughly enjoyed this product. After over a month of use, my health has improved significantly, boosting my immunity against viral diseases. My headaches have become less frequent, and my skin's condition has improved remarkably. The vascular mesh on my face has practically disappeared. I appreciate the small bonus package that is convenient to carry.
9
Reduces cholesterol levels
1 people found this helpful
Posh Omega ensures cardiovascular disease is a lesser risk by cleansing blood vessels of "bad" cholesterol and improving elasticity, thus normalising blood pressure and reducing cholesterol plaques. I’ve been taking it for three months.
7.5
Skin improvement
2 people found this helpful
I started using Omega 3 for cardiovascular disease prevention. After a year of regular intake, my skin has improved dramatically, with dryness resolved.
9
Reduces chronic inflammation
Carlson Omega 3 is of high quality and helps reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors by lowering inflammation and improving cellular insulin sensitivity. Omega-3 fatty acids even alleviate menstrual pain more effectively than ibuprofen.
9
Supports heart
10 people found this helpful
I have taken Omega 3 for many years, especially due to age-related cardiovascular disease. It helps control cholesterol, which is lacking in my diet. I chose Solgar for its optimal dosage and quality ingredients. I take two capsules every morning with breakfast, and it relieves inflammation. Despite their size, they are easy to swallow, and I recommend this product for its value.
9
Improves cardiovascular function
1 people found this helpful
Omega-3 improves cardiovascular disease by lowering blood pressure and cholesterol levels, which decreases the risk of heart attacks and strokes. It also helps with skin health and joint care.
6
Requires careful selection
1 people found this helpful
The quality is good, but it's essential to choose the right omega. Patients with cardiovascular disease need specific ratios of EPA and DHA for optimal benefits.
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces coronary risk
We explored how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a key component of omega-3 fatty acids, influences cardiovascular health by analyzing the Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial (VITAL). This large, randomized controlled trial involved 25,871 older adults in the U.S., with a median follow-up of 5.3 years to assess the effects of daily supplementation.

Initially, the results seemed non-significant for major cardiovascular events. However, our Bayesian analysis, which incorporated previous research, showed more positive outcomes. We observed that EPA supplementation could significantly reduce the risk of coronary events, such as total coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction, while it didn’t seem to impact stroke rates.

These findings enhance our understanding of omega-3 supplements in preventing heart-related issues, emphasizing their potential as a primary preventative measure against coronary diseases.
9
Omega-3 reduces cardiovascular risk
We observed the effects of icosapent ethyl on heart health in a significant clinical trial involving statin-treated patients at high risk for cardiovascular events. This post hoc analysis revealed that icosapent ethyl reduced major cardiovascular issues, regardless of whether patients had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels below or above 55 mg/dL.

Notably, those with optimal LDL-C control still benefited from the treatment, showing that this fish oil derivative can be effective in managing heart risks for many patients.
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces heart risk
We examined how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), alongside other omega-3 fatty acids, might influence the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Our analysis included findings from ten prospective cohort studies, involving over 310,000 participants and averaging 8.7 years of follow-up.

We found a promising inverse relationship between EPA levels in the blood and the incidence of SCD. Specifically, higher circulating levels of omega-3s were linked to a reduced risk. Our results indicated that individuals with high levels of combined omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, DHA, and DPA) had about 45% lower risk of SCD and CVD mortality compared to those with lower levels. This suggests that increasing our intake of omega-3s, particularly EPA, may contribute to heart health.

In summary, the evidence points towards a potential benefit of higher EPA levels in protecting against serious heart issues. While the overall understanding continues to evolve, these findings could guide future dietary recommendations and heart health strategies.
We explored how dietary changes, particularly the MoKaRi diet, can impact cardiovascular health. In a 20-week study with 65 participants, individualized meal plans were combined with fish oil supplements to assess their effects on various cardiometabolic risk factors.

The results showcased significant reductions in cholesterol levels, body weight, and other critical indicators. Notably, those who incorporated fish oil saw even greater improvements in weight loss and blood sugar levels. This research suggests that pairing a healthy diet with fish oil can enhance cardiovascular outcomes.
7
Omega-3s Reduce Heart Disease Risk
We explored how levels of marine omega-3 fatty acids, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), impact the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events and overall mortality in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. This study involved a robust, prospective multicenter cohort design with five years of follow-up, focusing on how different levels of these beneficial fatty acids correlate with heart health.

Our findings revealed that patients with lower levels of these fatty acids faced a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular events, as well as an increase in peripheral arterial disease and all-cause mortality. Specifically, those in the lowest group of marine n-3 PUFA levels had a markedly elevated risk compared to those with higher levels.

This suggests that incorporating more sources of EPA and DHA into the diet or through supplements could be a valuable strategy for improving heart health among patients receiving hemodialysis. This study contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the heart-protective benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly in high-risk populations.
9
Omega-3 improves heart function
We assessed how omega-3 fatty acids (PUFAs) can support heart failure management through a thorough network meta-analysis of 14 studies with nearly 9,100 participants.

Our findings revealed that high doses (2,000-4,000 mg/day) taken for at least one year significantly improved heart function, particularly the left ventricular ejection fraction and peak oxygen consumption.

However, lower doses and shorter durations were not effective, and we found no major differences in safety measures like dropout rates or overall mortality between those taking omega-3 and those who were not.
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces arrhythmia
We explored the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on heart health by studying mice on a high-fat diet. Those supplemented with EPA showed a significant reduction in atrial fibrillation compared to those without. While 100% of the high-fat diet mice developed atrial fibrillation, only 50% of those receiving EPA did, and their episodes were shorter.

Our findings suggest that including EPA in the diet can help improve heart function and reduce irregular heart rhythms linked to high-fat diets.
4
Exploring EPA's heart health effects
We explored the relationship between eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and cardiovascular health by examining patients undergoing heart surgery. The study included 21 individuals, comprised of both men and women with an average age of around 70. We focused on measuring the fatty acid fractions in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and serum to understand how these relate to inflammation and heart disease.

Our findings revealed that while levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were higher in EAT compared to SAT, EPA levels showed a significant correlation with serum EPA concentrations. This suggests that the EPA found in the body is likely to influence its presence in EAT. Additionally, we noted that both ALA and EPA levels in EAT were linked to lower levels of TNFα, a marker of inflammation.

However, we didn't find significant differences in EPA levels across the different tissue types among patients with or without atherosclerotic heart disease. Overall, while EPA and ALA are associated with potential anti-inflammatory effects for cardiovascular disease patients, further efforts to enhance serum EPA levels may be necessary to see increased availability in EAT.
4
Genetics influence omega-3 effectiveness
We aimed to evaluate how genetic factors influence the effectiveness of fish oil supplementation on fatty acid profiles in healthy individuals.

In this study, 86 adults participated in a 4-week fish oil program, and their lipid profiles were assessed before and after the supplementation.

We found that genetic variations, specifically in the FADS1 and ELOVL2 genes, might affect how well the body utilizes omega-3 fatty acids.

This highlights the potential for personalized nutrition to enhance cardiovascular health.

References

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  2. Medoro A, Graziano F, Cardinale G, Voccola S, Zotti T, et al. The influence of FADS1 and ELOVL2 genetic polymorphisms on polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in response to fish oil supplementation. Lipids Health Dis. 2025;24:102. doi:10.1186/s12944-025-02513-w
  3. Horii K, Ono K, Sumi T, Higashihara M, Zaima N, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents atrial electrocardiographic impairments and atrial fibrillation in high fat diet mice. J Physiol Sci. 2025;75:100014. doi:10.1016/j.jphyss.2025.100014
  4. Dawczynski C, Drobner T, Weidauer T, Schlattmann P, Kiehntopf M, et al. Reduction of cardiovascular risk factors by the diet - Evaluation of the MoKaRi concept by a parallel-designed randomized study. Lipids Health Dis. 2025;24:88. doi:10.1186/s12944-025-02500-1
  5. Aggarwal R, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, et al. Cardiovascular Outcomes With Icosapent Ethyl by Baseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Secondary Analysis of the REDUCE-IT Randomized Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14:e038656. doi:10.1161/JAHA.124.038656
  6. Mao Q, Tian X, Wang X, Xu H, Zhang Y, et al. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases attributable to diet low in seafood omega-3 fatty acids from 1990~2021 and forecasting the future trends: A population-based study. PLoS One. 2025;20:e0316767. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0316767
  7. Tseng PT, Zeng BY, Hsu CW, Liang CS, Stubbs B, et al. The Optimal Dosage and Duration of ω-3 PUFA Supplementation in Heart Failure Management: Evidence from a Network Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr. 2025;16:100366. doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100366
  8. Hemmati R, Bahrami Zanjanbar D, Shishesaz MI, Soleimani A, Yari T. The impact of Omega-3 supplementation on arrhythmia reduction in acute coronary syndrome patients: a randomized clinical trial. J Complement Integr Med. 2025;22:173. doi:10.1515/jcim-2024-0427
  9. Wang Y, Wu G, Wang Y, Rehman A, Yu L, et al. Recent developments, challenges, and prospects of dietary omega-3 PUFA-fortified foods: Focusing on their effects on cardiovascular diseases. Food Chem. 2025;470:142498. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.142498
  10. Dong S, Wang Y, Bian J, Chen H, Dong J, et al. The effect of omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) prescription preparations on the prevention of clinical cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of RCTs. Nutr J. 2024;23:157. doi:10.1186/s12937-024-01051-y
  11. Jawad MA, O'Keefe JH, Tintle N, O'Keefe EL, Franco WG, et al. Association of Plasma Omega-3 Levels With Incident Heart Failure and Related Mortalities. Mayo Clin Proc. 2024;99:1895. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2024.08.007
  12. Brosolo G, Da Porto A, Marcante S, Capilupi F, Bertin N, et al. The role for ω-3 polyunsaturated and short chain fatty acids in hypertension: An updated view on the interaction with gut microbiota. Eur J Pharmacol. 2024;985:177107. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.177107
  13. Lee YQ, Tan KH, Chong MF. Biomarkers of PUFA and cardiovascular risk factors and events in healthy Asian populations: a systematic review. Br J Nutr. 2024;132:1474. doi:10.1017/S0007114524002708
  14. Li J, Nan W, Huang X, Meng H, Wang S, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid induces macrophage Mox polarization to prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy. EMBO Rep. 2024;25:5507. doi:10.1038/s44319-024-00271-x
  15. Li ZH, Song WQ, Qiu CS, Li HM, Tang XL, et al. Fish oil supplementation, genetic susceptibility and risk of new-onset hypertension. Prev Med. 2024;189:108152. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108152
  16. Hamaya R, Cook NR, Sesso HD, Buring JE, Manson JE. A Bayesian Analysis of the VITAL Trial: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Cardiovascular Events. Am J Clin Nutr. 2025. doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.02.028
  17. Liboriussen C, Nygaard L, Jensen JD, Schmidt EB, Glerup RI, et al. Low Plasma Marine N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids are Associated with Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients Treated with Maintenance Hemodialysis. J Ren Nutr. 2025. doi:10.1053/j.jrn.2025.02.001
  18. Yunoki K, Matsumi H, Miyoshi T, Kubo M, Hata Y, et al. Clinical Significance of Serum Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Endothelial Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Under Statin Therapy. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2025;12. doi:10.3390/jcdd12020060
  19. Patil T, Gregory M, Savona N, Jarmukli N, Leonard CE. Evaluating the Real-World Safety of Icosapent Ethyl Versus Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid in Nationwide US Veterans Cohort: Examining Atrial Fibrillation and Bleeding Endpoints. Clin Drug Investig. 2025;45:69. doi:10.1007/s40261-024-01417-4
  20. Kim JY, Kong SYJ, Jung E, Cho YS. Omega-3 Fatty Acids as Potential Predictors of Sudden Cardiac Death and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med. 2024;14. doi:10.3390/jcm14010026
  21. Lamon-Fava S. Associations between omega-3 fatty acid-derived lipid mediators and markers of inflammation in older subjects with low-grade chronic inflammation. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2025;176:106948. doi:10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2025.106948
  22. Fukuda T, Nakajima T, Hasegawa T, Amano H, Arikawa T, et al. Relationship Between Serum ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Concentration and Fatty Acid Fraction of Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease. Cureus. 2024;16:e73417. doi:10.7759/cureus.73417
  23. O'Keefe EL, O'Keefe JH, Abuissa H, Metzinger M, Murray E, et al. Omega-3 and Risk of atrial fibrillation: Vagally-mediated double-edged sword. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2024. doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2024.11.003
  24. Choi JH, Park SE, Kim S. Antarctic Krill Oil Supplementation Attenuates Hypercholesterolemia, Fatty Liver, and Oxidative Stress in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16213614
  25. So J, Yao JH, Magadmi R, Matthan NR, Lamon-Fava S. Sex differences in lipid mediators derived from omega-3 fatty acids in older individuals with low-grade chronic inflammation. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2024;203:102655. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102655
  26. Choi GY, Calder PC. The differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular risk factors: an updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1423228. doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1423228
  27. Follonier C, Rabassa G, Branca M, Carballo D, Koskinas K, et al. Eligibility for marine omega-3 fatty acid supplementation after acute coronary syndromes. Atheroscler Plus. 2024;58:1. doi:10.1016/j.athplu.2024.09.002
  28. Koutsaliaris IK, Pantazi D, Tsouka AN, Argyropoulou O, Tellis CC, et al. Differential Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Platelet Inhibition by Antiplatelet Drugs In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. doi:10.3390/ijms251810136
  29. Ren Y, Chen B, Zhang H, Xu S. A cohort study reveals shared and distinct serum metabolic biomarkers for major adverse cardiovascular events in middle-aged and older adults. Geroscience. 2025. doi:10.1007/s11357-025-01544-6
  30. Arghavani H, Bilodeau JF, Rudkowska I. Association Between Circulating Fatty Acids and Blood Pressure: A Review. Curr Nutr Rep. 2025;14:15. doi:10.1007/s13668-024-00602-3
  31. Li J, Guo J, Yuen M, Yuen H, Peng Q. The comparative effects of ω-7 fatty acid-rich sea buckthorn oil and ω-3 fatty acid-rich DHA algal oil on improving high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia. Food Funct. 2025;16:1241. doi:10.1039/d4fo04961f
  32. Berkowitz L, Echeverría G, Salazar C, Faúndez C, Coe CL, et al. Lipidomic Signature of Healthy Diet Adherence and Its Association with Cardiometabolic Risk in American Adults. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16233995
  33. Shi F, Chowdhury R, Sofianopoulou E, Koulman A, Sun L, et al. Association of circulating fatty acids with cardiovascular disease risk: analysis of individual-level data in three large prospective cohorts and updated meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2025;32:233. doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwae315
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