Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a collection of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms that many women experience in the days leading up to their menstrual period. Symptoms can vary widely but often include mood swings, irritability, fatigue, bloating, breast tenderness, and changes in sleep or appetite. These symptoms typically occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, which is after ovulation and before menstruation, and tend to resolve once menstruation begins.
The exact cause of PMS is not fully understood, but fluctuations in hormones such as estrogen and progesterone are believed to play a significant role. Other factors, including stress, diet, and lifestyle choices, can exacerbate symptoms. While PMS is common, its severity can differ greatly among individuals, with some women experiencing only mild discomfort and others facing more debilitating symptoms. For those severely affected, approaches may include lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, exercise, and in some cases, medications or supplements. It’s always advisable to consult with a healthcare professional for tailored advice and treatment options.