Zinc may prevent influenza entryEpipharyngeal Abrasive Therapy Down-regulates the Expression of Cav1.2: A Key Molecule in Influenza Virus Entry.
Significant relevance to zinc treatment
We investigated how zinc, delivered through epipharyngeal abrasive therapy (EAT), might impact the expression of a key molecule known as Cav1.2, which plays a crucial role in allowing the influenza A virus to enter cells. The study included two groups of patients: one group that received EAT, which involved scratching the epipharyngeal mucosa with a zinc chloride-treated swab, and another group that did not receive this treatment.
By analyzing tissue samples, we observed that the levels of Cav1.2 were significantly lower in the EAT-treated patients compared to those who were not treated. In fact, the expression of Cav1.2 in the patients who underwent EAT was measured to be 4.19 times lower than in the non-treated group. This suggests that the squamous metaplasia induced by EAT might help reduce the entry of the influenza virus by down-regulating this key protein.
Our findings indicate that EAT, through its zinc content, could serve as a simple and effective method to potentially prevent influenza infection by limiting the virus's ability to enter cells.
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Impact of Zinc on Vaccine ResponseModulation of T-Cell-Dependent Humoral Immune Response to Influenza Vaccine by Multiple Antioxidant/Immunomodulatory Micronutrient Supplementation.
Combination effects dilute zinc's role
We examined how combining zinc with other essential micronutrients could impact the immune response to an influenza vaccine. Our study found that this combination, including vitamins C and D, selenium, manganese, and N-acetyl cysteine, led to increased levels of protective antibodies after vaccinations in mice.
Notably, the supplementation improved not just the overall antibody response but also boosted specific immune responses vital for effective virus clearance. We observed a rise in specific types of immune cells, such as germinal center B cells and helper T cells, which are crucial in fighting off infections. Moreover, this combination influenced a greater differentiation of T helper cells, enhancing the production of important cytokines.
While our findings highlighted the beneficial effects of this micronutrient combination on immunity, it is also important to note that the study evaluated these effects in a controlled setting involving multiple micronutrients. Although zinc is included, its isolated impact on the immune response to influenza was less discernible due to the mixture of supplements tested. Overall, our research lays the groundwork for future studies aimed at improving vaccination responses through dietary adjustments.
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