We explored how Vitamin D3 impacts autoimmune thyroiditis, a specific autoimmune disorder. In this study, researchers established a mouse model of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) to see how Vitamin D3 could influence this condition. After eight weeks of treatment, they assessed thyroid health and immune response through various methods, including staining tissues and measuring hormone levels.
Our observations revealed that administering Vitamin D3 helped reduce damage to the thyroid and decreased the presence of inflammatory cells within the thyroid. This treatment also led to lower levels of thyroid hormones and autoimmune antibodies in the blood, highlighting its positive effect on thyroid function. Additionally, Vitamin D3 appeared to promote the regulatory T cell (Treg) subset while decreasing the levels of Th17 cells, which are often involved in autoimmune processes.
Mechanistically, the study found that Vitamin D3 triggered specific pathways that influence Treg cell activity and survival. Notably, it activated a signaling pathway involving YAP and JAK/STAT, which are crucial for immune cell regulation. These findings suggest that Vitamin D3 could play a significant role in balancing immune responses in autoimmune thyroiditis, making it a promising candidate for further research and potential treatment strategies.
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9.5
Vitamin D3 aids autoimmune thyroiditis
Supplementation with active vitamin D3 ameliorates experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in mice by modulating the differentiation and functionality of intrathyroidal T-cell subsets.
We observed that vitamin D3 supplementation may play a significant role in managing autoimmune thyroiditis, a condition often marked by thyroid inflammation. In this study, researchers induced autoimmune thyroiditis in female mice and administered vitamin D3 to evaluate its effects on the disease.
After eight weeks of treatment, the results showed a notable reduction in thyroid damage and lower levels of thyroid autoantibodies in the mice receiving vitamin D3. Specifically, the vitamin appeared to inhibit the activity of certain inflammatory immune cells, which are typically elevated in autoimmune conditions. At the same time, it seemed to support the activity of regulatory immune cells that help keep inflammation in check.
This study highlights the potential of vitamin D3 as a therapeutic option to mitigate the effects of autoimmune thyroiditis, suggesting that it could help balance the immune response in affected individuals. As researchers continue to delve into the role of vitamin D in autoimmune disorders, findings like these support the notion that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels might be crucial for immune health.
Read More
9
Vitamin D3 aids immune balance
1,25(OH)D-treated mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells alleviate autoimmune hepatitis in mice by improving TFR/TFH imbalance.
We aimed to understand how vitamin D3, specifically its active form 1,25(OH)D, affects autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), a complex autoimmune disease that causes liver damage. Researchers focused on the role of a special type of immune cell known as dendritic cells (DCs), which are influenced by vitamin D3 to promote a more balanced immune response.
Through our investigation using a mouse model, we observed that injecting these vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells, which overexpress a molecule called PD-L1, significantly lessened liver injury and severity of autoimmune hepatitis. This treatment appeared to correct the imbalance between two types of T cells: regulatory T cells (TFR) and follicular helper T cells (TFH).
By increasing the TFR population and restoring their balance with TFH cells, vitamin D3 treatment helped regulate this immune response. Additionally, the infusion boosted the production of anti-inflammatory substances while decreasing those linked to inflammation, suggesting a potential new avenue for treating autoimmune hepatitis. Overall, these findings indicate that vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells could be a promising strategy for managing autoimmune conditions like AIH.
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Most Useful Reviews
9
No colds now
7 people found this helpful
Elixir of Life I had a severe vitamin D deficiency, and after my doctor prescribed aquadetrim, I decided to try this drug instead, which I do not regret at all. My vitamin D levels normalised within two months. Additionally, I noticed a significant improvement in my immunity. As the cold season began, many around me fell ill, but I remained unaffected. On one occasion, I did get sick, yet recovered in just four days with minimal symptoms. Previously, I suffered from colds almost continuously from September to April! This product has delighted me, and I will continue taking it at a lower dosage to maintain my vitamin D levels through the winter.
Read More
9
Impressive results
I purchased this for a colleague, and it worked wonders for her. Her vitamin levels increased by over 30 units in just a month, which is impressive. I plan to order one for myself next time!
Read More
7.5
Effective dosage
3 people found this helpful
I ordered a dosage of 7000 IU as prescribed by my doctor. After taking it, my vitamin D levels returned to normal. This indicates the vitamin's effectiveness!
Supplementation with active vitamin D3 ameliorates experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in mice by modulating the differentiation and functionality of intrathyroidal T-cell subsets.
We observed that vitamin D3 supplementation may play a significant role in managing autoimmune thyroiditis, a condition often marked by thyroid inflammation. In this study, researchers induced autoimmune thyroiditis in female mice and administered vitamin D3 to evaluate its effects on the disease.
After eight weeks of treatment, the results showed a notable reduction in thyroid damage and lower levels of thyroid autoantibodies in the mice receiving vitamin D3. Specifically, the vitamin appeared to inhibit the activity of certain inflammatory immune cells, which are typically elevated in autoimmune conditions. At the same time, it seemed to support the activity of regulatory immune cells that help keep inflammation in check.
This study highlights the potential of vitamin D3 as a therapeutic option to mitigate the effects of autoimmune thyroiditis, suggesting that it could help balance the immune response in affected individuals. As researchers continue to delve into the role of vitamin D in autoimmune disorders, findings like these support the notion that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels might be crucial for immune health.
Read More
9
IgG4-RD case report findings
IgG4-RD-Associated Mikulicz Syndrome Without Classic Systemic Involvement-A Case Report.
We explored an intriguing instance of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) manifesting as Mikulicz syndrome in an 85-year-old male patient. This condition usually involves significant systemic symptoms, yet our patient exhibited primarily local manifestations, specifically bilateral dacryoadenitis and orbital pseudotumor, without major organ complications.
Interestingly, despite normal serum IgG4 levels, which were below 135 mg/dL, the clinical and imaging findings strongly suggested the diagnosis of IgG4-RD. This scenario underscores the importance of undertaking a biopsy for accurate diagnosis. Histopathological examination revealed notable signs, such as a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and storiform fibrosis, with a considerable percentage of IgG4-positive cells, ultimately confirming our diagnosis.
We observed that treatment with prednisone, alongside azathioprine for long-term control, was effective. To mitigate the risk of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, we added calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation. Remarkably, the patient showed significant clinical improvement within just 24 hours, with resolution of orbital and glandular symptoms over the following year. There was a complete recovery of vision and no relapses, with only minor dry eye as a long-term concern.
This case demonstrates the necessity of considering IgG4-RD even when serum IgG4 levels are normal and highlights the role of histopathology in diagnosis. Furthermore, it showcases the effectiveness of corticosteroids as a first-line treatment in managing this condition.
Read More
9
Vitamin D3 aids immune balance
1,25(OH)D-treated mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells alleviate autoimmune hepatitis in mice by improving TFR/TFH imbalance.
We aimed to understand how vitamin D3, specifically its active form 1,25(OH)D, affects autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), a complex autoimmune disease that causes liver damage. Researchers focused on the role of a special type of immune cell known as dendritic cells (DCs), which are influenced by vitamin D3 to promote a more balanced immune response.
Through our investigation using a mouse model, we observed that injecting these vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells, which overexpress a molecule called PD-L1, significantly lessened liver injury and severity of autoimmune hepatitis. This treatment appeared to correct the imbalance between two types of T cells: regulatory T cells (TFR) and follicular helper T cells (TFH).
By increasing the TFR population and restoring their balance with TFH cells, vitamin D3 treatment helped regulate this immune response. Additionally, the infusion boosted the production of anti-inflammatory substances while decreasing those linked to inflammation, suggesting a potential new avenue for treating autoimmune hepatitis. Overall, these findings indicate that vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells could be a promising strategy for managing autoimmune conditions like AIH.
Read More
9
Vitamin D impacts autoimmune treatment
Eriocalyxin B ameliorated experimental autoimmune prostatitis via modulation of macrophage polarization through gut microbiota-mediated vitamin D alteration.
We investigated the effects of Vitamin D modulation on autoimmune prostatitis using a mouse model. In this study, we focused on how changes in gut microbiota influence the immune response, specifically looking at how vitamin D can help shift macrophage polarization—key players in the immune system—from a pro-inflammatory state (M1) to a more healing state (M2).
We observed that treatment with Eriocalyxin B (EriB), known for its anti-inflammatory properties, significantly reduced prostate inflammation in these mice. Our findings indicate that EriB not only altered the gut microbiome but also enhanced the absorption of vitamin D, contributing to a shift in macrophage phenotype. This suggests that the immune state of macrophages, altered through gut bacteria and vitamin D levels, plays a crucial role in managing autoimmune prostatitis.
Notably, fecal transplantation from EriB-treated mice resulted in a marked reduction in inflammatory markers and further supported the macrophage polarization effect. This is the first time we connected gut microbiota and vitamin D as pivotal factors in the treatment of autoimmune disorders like chronic prostatitis, highlighting a new therapeutic pathway. Overall, our research emphasizes the importance of vitamin D in modulating autoimmune responses through gut health.
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9
Combination therapy shows promise
Targeting aryl hydrocarbon receptor functionally restores tolerogenic dendritic cells derived from patients with multiple sclerosis.
We observed a fascinating interplay between vitamin D3 and immune responses in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disorder that leads to significant neurological damage. Our focus was on a type of immune cell called tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs), which help maintain a balance in the immune system. In our study, we used monocytes from both healthy donors and treatment-naive MS patients to assess how these cells behaved under different conditions.
Our findings revealed that tolDCs derived from MS patients had reduced tolerogenic properties when compared to their healthy counterparts. To our surprise, we found that direct activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a key player in immune regulation, could restore the tolerogenic features of MS patient-derived tolDCs. Furthermore, when we combined this approach with a treatment known as dimethyl fumarate (DMF), the results were even more promising.
The combination therapy of DMF and vitamin D3-tolDCs not only improved the tolerogenic effects but also showed better results in an experimental model of MS than using either treatment alone. This suggests that we may have a novel and effective strategy for enhancing immune tolerance in autoimmune diseases like MS.
Overall, our research indicates that vitamin D3, when used alongside DMF, could offer a new pathway for treatment, potentially minimizing the need for broader immunosuppression. This discovery opens up exciting possibilities for better management of autoimmune conditions in the future.
Elixir of Life I had a severe vitamin D deficiency, and after my doctor prescribed aquadetrim, I decided to try this drug instead, which I do not regret at all. My vitamin D levels normalised within two months. Additionally, I noticed a significant improvement in my immunity. As the cold season began, many around me fell ill, but I remained unaffected. On one occasion, I did get sick, yet recovered in just four days with minimal symptoms. Previously, I suffered from colds almost continuously from September to April! This product has delighted me, and I will continue taking it at a lower dosage to maintain my vitamin D levels through the winter.
Read More
9
Impressive results
I purchased this for a colleague, and it worked wonders for her. Her vitamin levels increased by over 30 units in just a month, which is impressive. I plan to order one for myself next time!
Read More
7.5
Effective dosage
3 people found this helpful
I ordered a dosage of 7000 IU as prescribed by my doctor. After taking it, my vitamin D levels returned to normal. This indicates the vitamin's effectiveness!
Read More
8
Mood enhancer
2 people found this helpful
Vitamin D Against Depression I successfully increased my vitamin D levels with this supplement, leading to notable health improvements. It was part of my treatment for clinical depression and helped to boost my immunity. I've observed that my vitamin D level significantly influences my mood.
Read More
9
Highly effective
1 people found this helpful
Excellent! This product worked wonderfully for me. I ordered it a second time based on my doctor's recommendation as it helped me significantly.
An autoimmune disorder occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells and tissues, believing them to be foreign invaders, such as bacteria or viruses. This reaction can lead to inflammation, tissue damage, and impaired function of the affected organs. There are over 80 known autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes, each with its own specific symptoms and treatment options. The exact cause of these disorders is still unclear, but a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors is believed to play a role in their development.
Diagnosis of autoimmune disorders often involves a combination of physical examinations, assessment of symptoms, blood tests, and imaging studies to evaluate organ involvement. Treatment typically focuses on managing symptoms and controlling the immune response using medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biologics. In addition to medication, lifestyle modifications, such as stress management and a balanced diet, can be beneficial in managing symptoms. If you suspect you have an autoimmune condition, it's important to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and tailored treatment options.
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that's essential for maintaining healthy bones and teeth, supporting immune system function, and facilitating normal cell growth and development. It plays a crucial role in calcium absorption in the gut, which is vital for bone health. Unlike most vitamins, our bodies can produce Vitamin D when exposed to sunlight, specifically UVB rays, which is why it’s often referred to as the "sunshine vitamin." However, depending on your geographical location, lifestyle, and skin type, getting sufficient Vitamin D from the sun alone can be challenging, particularly during the winter months.
In addition to sunlight, Vitamin D can be obtained from certain foods such as fatty fish (like salmon and mackerel), fish liver oils, and fortified foods like milk and cereals. Some individuals may also consider supplements, especially if they're at risk for deficiency. Insufficient vitamin D levels are linked to various health issues, including rickets in children, osteomalacia in adults, and even an increased risk of chronic diseases. Regularly checking your vitamin D levels and consulting with a healthcare professional can help ensure you're meeting your needs for optimal health.
Research suggests that Vitamin D may play a role in modulating the immune system, which could be beneficial for individuals with autoimmune disorders. Vitamin D is known to help regulate immune function, and a deficiency may contribute to the development or exacerbation of autoimmune conditions. Some studies have found correlations between low Vitamin D levels and increased severity of autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus. This has led some healthcare professionals to recommend monitoring Vitamin D levels and considering supplementation, particularly in populations at risk for deficiencies.
However, it is crucial to approach supplementation with caution. While some evidence supports the use of Vitamin D to aid in immune regulation, more research is needed to establish definitive cause-and-effect relationships and optimal dosages. As with any supplement, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider before starting Vitamin D, especially for those with autoimmune disorders or those currently taking medication. They can provide personalized recommendations based on individual health needs and current research findings.
Based on user reviews, individuals taking this supplement for autoimmune disorders often report varied timelines for noticing results. For instance, one user indicated a significant improvement in their immune function within just two months of using the product, particularly after correcting a vitamin D deficiency and experiencing fewer colds than before Read Review. Another reviewer noted a rapid increase in vitamin levels, with improvements observed in just one month Read Review.
Furthermore, it appears that regular monitoring of vitamin levels can help gauge the supplement's effectiveness. One user mentioned a satisfactory return to normal vitamin D levels after following a prescribed dosage Read Review. Overall, while some users felt the benefits quite quickly, typically within a month or two, others may experience varying results due to personal health conditions and dosages. Thus, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare provider to identify the best approach for individual needs.
The evidence supporting vitamin D supplementation in managing autoimmune disorders is growing, though results can vary based on the specific condition. Research suggests that vitamin D may play a significant role in improving muscle health and immune response for patients with certain autoimmune conditions, such as idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) and rheumatoid arthritis. A study demonstrated that lower levels of biologically active vitamin D correlated with worse muscle health in IIM patients, indicating that maintaining adequate levels can be essential for managing symptoms and improving physical fitness [1]. Additionally, vitamin D3 supplementation showed promise in mitigating autoimmune thyroiditis symptoms in animal models, suggesting it may help achieve a balanced immune response [2].
However, results are not uniform across all autoimmune disorders. For instance, in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, while vitamin D supplementation was associated with reduced thyroid autoantibody levels, total symptom relief was not consistently observed [9]. Furthermore, vitamin D3 did not significantly impact treatment outcomes in Graves' disease, specifically regarding thyroid autoantibodies [19]. Therefore, while vitamin D supplementation appears beneficial for several autoimmune disorders, responses may significantly differ based on the specific condition and patient circumstances, warranting further research for definitive conclusions.
Based on user reviews, many individuals taking this supplement for vitamin D deficiencies report notable improvements in their symptoms. For instance, one user experienced a significant increase in vitamin D levels within just two months, emphasizing a marked enhancement in their immune function, as they remained healthy during the cold season while others fell ill around them Read Review. Another user highlighted a substantial boost in vitamin levels—over 30 units—within a month, expressing their intention to purchase the product for personal use as well Read Review.
Several reviewers also noted the positive influence of the supplement on their overall mood and health. One described increasing their vitamin D as part of their treatment for clinical depression, linking it to improvements in both immunity and mood stability Read Review. Overall, while results can vary from person to person, these anecdotes suggest that users often experience significant improvements in both physical health and emotional well-being after using the supplement. As always, individual results can differ, so it's wise to consult with a healthcare provider before beginning any new supplement regimen.
Based on user reviews, there are several reports about the effectiveness of combining this supplement with other health approaches for handling autoimmune disorders. Users have expressed positive outcomes not just from the supplement alone, but also in conjunction with advice from healthcare providers. For instance, one reviewer highlighted their experience of normalizing vitamin D levels through their doctor's guidance, ultimately leading to improved immunity and overall well-being Read Review. Another user mentioned that increasing their vitamin D levels played a critical role in treating their clinical depression, which was associated with enhancements in both mood stability and immune function Read Review.
Moreover, some users reported customizing their dosages based on medical advice, suggesting that tailored approaches could lead to better health outcomes. One satisfied customer noted switching between dosages to find what worked best for them, indicating a level of flexibility that can be beneficial when managing an autoimmune disorder Read Review. Overall, while individual responses can vary widely, many users found that incorporating this supplement into a broader health management strategy under medical supervision can yield significant improvements.
Users report varying doses of Vitamin D for treating autoimmune disorders, with many sharing their experiences of normalizing their vitamin levels and improving health. One user mentioned taking a prescribed dosage of 7000 IU, which effectively returned their vitamin D levels to normal, indicating its effectiveness for their autoimmune condition Read Review. Another user, with a doctor's recommendation, alternated between 10,000 IU and 7000 IU daily, claiming to feel fantastic and planning to monitor their levels further Read Review.
Additionally, users emphasize the importance of consulting a doctor to determine the right dosage. Reports indicate that taking just one capsule daily was sufficient for others Read Review. Overall, the reviews suggest that personalized doses can vary significantly, and users generally recommend following medical advice to identify the appropriate intake for conditions like autoimmune disorders.
9
No colds now
7 people found this helpful
Elixir of Life I had a severe vitamin D deficiency, and after my doctor prescribed aquadetrim, I decided to try this drug instead, which I do not regret at all. My vitamin D levels normalised within two months. Additionally, I noticed a significant improvement in my immunity. As the cold season began, many around me fell ill, but I remained unaffected. On one occasion, I did get sick, yet recovered in just four days with minimal symptoms. Previously, I suffered from colds almost continuously from September to April! This product has delighted me, and I will continue taking it at a lower dosage to maintain my vitamin D levels through the winter.
9
Impressive results
I purchased this for a colleague, and it worked wonders for her. Her vitamin levels increased by over 30 units in just a month, which is impressive. I plan to order one for myself next time!
7.5
Effective dosage
3 people found this helpful
I ordered a dosage of 7000 IU as prescribed by my doctor. After taking it, my vitamin D levels returned to normal. This indicates the vitamin's effectiveness!
8
Mood enhancer
2 people found this helpful
Vitamin D Against Depression I successfully increased my vitamin D levels with this supplement, leading to notable health improvements. It was part of my treatment for clinical depression and helped to boost my immunity. I've observed that my vitamin D level significantly influences my mood.
7.5
Feeling great
1 people found this helpful
I adored this vitamin D brand! Unfortunately, the 7000 IU dosage was out of stock. My doctor recommended 10,000 IU for my treatment, so I alternated between taking one and two capsules daily. I feel fantastic! I will monitor my levels and update my review accordingly.
9
No issues noted
Suitable dosage This vitamin D was precisely what I needed, allowing me to take just one capsule daily. Everything was fine, with no issues at all.
7
Vitamin D's role in muscle health
Vitamin D and its receptor in skeletal muscle are associated with muscle disease manifestation, lipid metabolism and physical fitness of patients with myositis.
We explored the connection between vitamin D levels and muscle health in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), a type of autoimmune disorder. The study included 46 IIM patients and 67 healthy individuals, assessing both groups to understand how vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) relate to disease symptoms, physical fitness, and lipid metabolism.
Through muscle biopsies and blood tests, we measured the vitamin D levels and gene expressions related to its metabolism. We found that lower levels of biologically active vitamin D in IIM patients suggest their bodies may not be effectively processing this vital nutrient. Moreover, regular exercise seemed to improve vitamin D levels, VDR expression, and linked muscle function with overall health outcomes for these patients.
Our findings emphasize the importance of vitamin D in managing muscle health and its potential role in enhancing physical fitness among individuals with autoimmune conditions. While the study presents promising insights, it is clear that ongoing research is needed to fully understand the relationship between vitamin D, muscle function, and autoimmune disorders.
9.5
Vitamin D3 aids autoimmune thyroiditis
Supplementation with active vitamin D3 ameliorates experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in mice by modulating the differentiation and functionality of intrathyroidal T-cell subsets.
We observed that vitamin D3 supplementation may play a significant role in managing autoimmune thyroiditis, a condition often marked by thyroid inflammation. In this study, researchers induced autoimmune thyroiditis in female mice and administered vitamin D3 to evaluate its effects on the disease.
After eight weeks of treatment, the results showed a notable reduction in thyroid damage and lower levels of thyroid autoantibodies in the mice receiving vitamin D3. Specifically, the vitamin appeared to inhibit the activity of certain inflammatory immune cells, which are typically elevated in autoimmune conditions. At the same time, it seemed to support the activity of regulatory immune cells that help keep inflammation in check.
This study highlights the potential of vitamin D3 as a therapeutic option to mitigate the effects of autoimmune thyroiditis, suggesting that it could help balance the immune response in affected individuals. As researchers continue to delve into the role of vitamin D in autoimmune disorders, findings like these support the notion that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels might be crucial for immune health.
4
Vitamin D's limited effect on HT
Effects of different supplements on Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
We set out to discover how effective vitamin D is in treating autoimmune disorders, specifically in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Our analysis involved looking at several studies examining various dietary supplements, including selenium and vitamin D, to see how they impact thyroid autoantibody levels and overall thyroid function.
Within the studies we reviewed, vitamin D did not seem to significantly reduce thyroid autoantibody levels like other supplements. In particular, we noted that treatments involving vitamin D, whether alone or in combination with other nutrients, did not show a meaningful effect on reducing thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies (TPOAb) or thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAb).
This lack of significant benefit suggests that while vitamin D is often included in treatment plans for autoimmune disorders, it may not play a critical role in alleviating the symptoms or autoimmunity associated with HT. Therefore, it might be wise for those seeking supplemental help to consider other options, particularly selenium, which showed more promising results.
4
Vitamin D3 ineffective for bone health
Changes in bone density and microarchitecture following treatment of Graves' disease and the effects of vitamin D supplementation. A randomized clinical trial.
We looked into how vitamin D3 supplementation could aid in bone recovery for patients with Graves' disease, a condition that causes hyperthyroidism and can lead to bone density loss. In a controlled setting, we randomly assigned participants to receive either vitamin D3 or a placebo alongside their regular antithyroid medications.
Over the course of nine months, we measured bone density and architecture to see if vitamin D3 helped improve skeletal health. While patients showed promising improvements in bone density when their hyperthyroidism was treated, our findings revealed that adding vitamin D3 to the treatment did not significantly contribute to these benefits.
Essentially, while vitamin D is important for bone health overall, in this particular case of Graves' disease, it didn’t enhance recovery as we might have hoped. Our conclusion underscores the importance of effectively treating the thyrotoxicosis itself for improving bone health, rather than relying solely on vitamin D3 supplementation.
References
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Wang CM, Chen YJ, Yang BC, Yang JW, Wang W, et al. Supplementation with active vitamin D3 ameliorates experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in mice by modulating the differentiation and functionality of intrathyroidal T-cell subsets. Front Immunol. 2025;16:1528707. 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1528707
Chen X, Zhang Y, Lin L, Chen Y, Shen X, et al. A beneficial levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for a decrease in thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAB) in patients with Graves' disease: a real-world study. BMC Endocr Disord. 2025;25:14. 10.1186/s12902-024-01823-x
Rafati A, Ramezani R, Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh H, Bahrami S, Alvanegh AG, et al. Calcitriol Treated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulated Immune Response in Collagen-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in BALB/c Mice. Transplant Proc. 2025;57:355. 10.1016/j.transproceed.2024.12.020
Casas R, Tompa A, Åkesson K, Teixeira PF, Lindqvist A, et al. Redosing with Intralymphatic GAD-Alum in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes: The DIAGNODE-B Pilot Trial. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26. 10.3390/ijms26010374
Rasheed A, Khan G. Epstein-Barr virus, vitamin D and the immune response: connections with consequences for multiple sclerosis. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1503808. 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1503808
Wu R, Li Y, Peng H, Yang Z, Wang Y, et al. Association Between Serum Trace Elements Level and Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025;24:e16740. 10.1111/jocd.16740
Hijjawi N, Tout FS, Azaizeh B, Aljaafreh B. The role of vitamins D, B12, C, and K in modulating inflammation and disease management in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive review. Clin Rheumatol. 2025;44:591. 10.1007/s10067-024-07285-9
Peng B, Wang W, Gu Q, Wang P, Teng W, et al. Effects of different supplements on Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024;15:1445878. 10.3389/fendo.2024.1445878
Balshi A, Leuenberger G, Dempsey J, Baber U, Sloane JA. Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist safety and efficacy in a multiple sclerosis cohort. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2025;93:106229. 10.1016/j.msard.2024.106229
Mourelatou NG, Kounatidis D, Jude EB, Rebelos E. Vitamin D Supplementation as a Therapeutic Strategy in Autoimmune Diabetes: Insights and Implications for LADA Management. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16234072
Huo R, Yang Y, Wei C, Huo X, Meng D, et al. Vitamin D affects antiphospholipid syndrome by regulating T cells (Review). Int J Mol Med. 2025;55. 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5471
Kilani Y, Alsakarneh S, Madi MY, Mosquera DAG, Ferreira MN, et al. Autoimmune Hepatitis and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Nationwide Perspective. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2025;61:682. 10.1111/apt.18438
Mendoza-Vargas LÁ, Sevilla-Fuentes S, Bautista-Becerril B, Berthaúd-González B, Falfán-Valencia R, et al. IgG4-RD-Associated Mikulicz Syndrome Without Classic Systemic Involvement-A Case Report. J Clin Med. 2025;14. 10.3390/jcm14030958
Dai J, Song J, Chen X, Ding F, Ding Y, et al. 1,25(OH)D-treated mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells alleviate autoimmune hepatitis in mice by improving TFR/TFH imbalance. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2025;47:59. 10.1080/08923973.2024.2435314
Wielińska J, Górna K, Świerkot J, Bugaj B, Kolossa K, et al. Polymorphic Variants in the Vitamin D Receptor and Clinical Parameters of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Undergoing Anti-TNF Treatment. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2024;72. 10.2478/aite-2024-0023
Yu ZQ, Du HX, Gao S, Liang CZ. Eriocalyxin B ameliorated experimental autoimmune prostatitis via modulation of macrophage polarization through gut microbiota-mediated vitamin D alteration. Phytomedicine. 2024;135:156191. 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156191
Grove-Laugesen D, Ebbehoj E, Watt T, Hansen KW, Rejnmark L. Changes in bone density and microarchitecture following treatment of Graves' disease and the effects of vitamin D supplementation. A randomized clinical trial. Osteoporos Int. 2024;35:2153. 10.1007/s00198-024-07241-y
Zhang Q, He X, Chen W, Jiu J, Gao C, et al. Vitamin D3 attenuates autoimmune thyroiditis by regulating Th17/Treg cell differentiation via YAP/JAK1/STAT1 axis. Immunol Lett. 2024;269:106890. 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106890
Rodi M, de Lastic AL, Panagoulias I, Aggeletopoulou I, Kelaidonis K, et al. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)35-55 Mannan Conjugate Induces Human T-Cell Tolerance and Can Be Used as a Personalized Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. 10.3390/ijms25116092
Maghbooli Z, Shirvani A, Moghadasi AN, Varzandi T, Hamtaei Ghashti S, et al. Investigating the effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 on clinical outcomes in multiple sclerosis patients: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial- a pilot study. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2024;87:105673. 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105673
Fasihi M, Samimi-Badabi M, Robat-Jazi B, Bitarafan S, Moghadasi AN, et al. Immunoregulatory Effects of the Active Form of Vitamin D (Calcitriol), Individually and in Combination with Curcumin, on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Patients. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2024;23:138. 10.2174/0118715230293847240314073359
Durá-Travé T, Gallinas-Victoriano F. Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Vitamin D. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. 10.3390/ijms25063154
Qu F, Zhang M, Weinstock-Guttman B, Zivadinov R, Qu J, et al. An ultra-sensitive and high-throughput trapping-micro-LC-MS method for quantification of circulating vitamin D metabolites and application in multiple sclerosis patients. Sci Rep. 2024;14:5545. 10.1038/s41598-024-55939-0