We examined how low levels of vitamin D (Vit D) could impact the severity of heart disease, specifically looking at myocardial ischemia. Our study involved two hundred patients who underwent myocardial perfusion imaging at Namazi Hospital in Shiraz, Iran, in 2019. We assessed both the severity of ischemia in patients and their vitamin D levels.
The results revealed a clear pattern: when vitamin D levels dropped below 10 ng/mL, patients showed a significant increase in severe myocardial ischemia. Conversely, in patients with higher levels of vitamin D, we did not find any substantial association with abnormalities in heart imaging. This indicates that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels may play a role in reducing heart disease severity.
Overall, our findings suggest that vitamin D deficiency, especially levels below 10 ng/mL, could contribute to more severe heart conditions. This could prompt health care providers to consider monitoring and addressing vitamin D levels in patients at risk for heart disease.
Read More
7
Magnesium supplements lower heart failure risk
Nonprescription Magnesium Supplement Use and Risk of Heart Failure in Patients With Diabetes: A Target Trial Emulation.
We examined how magnesium supplements might influence heart failure and serious heart-related issues in diabetic patients.
In a study involving over 94,000 veterans, we found that those taking magnesium supplements experienced a lower risk of heart failure compared to nonusers. Specifically, 8.0% of supplement users developed heart failure, versus 9.7% of nonusers.
Furthermore, magnesium intake was linked to a reduced chance of major adverse cardiac events. However, it’s important to note that these findings need further investigation through randomized controlled trials.
Read More
9
Magnesium reduces mortality in HFpEF
Propensity score matched cohort study on magnesium supplementation and mortality in critically ill patients with HFpEF.
We explored how magnesium supplementation might influence mortality rates in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The study involved nearly 2,000 patients, with careful matching to ensure a fair comparison between those receiving magnesium and those who weren’t.
Interestingly, we found that magnesium intake was linked to a significant reduction in 28-day mortality rates. This effect was most notable in older adults, women, and patients with high blood pressure. Despite these positive findings, magnesium treatment did lead to longer hospital and ICU stays.
Overall, magnesium shows promise as a supportive treatment for HFpEF, but further investigation is necessary to better understand its benefits and implications.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Angina symptoms reduce
1 people found this helpful
Heart throbbing and painful leg cramps have disappeared. After years of unexplained angina symptoms, this combination of minerals proved effective for me, essential for addressing heart disease.
Read More
9
Improved heart symptoms
Excellent composition! I take one capsule instead of three for magnesium, calcium, and zinc. It's effective; my hair and nails are stronger, and it alleviated my heart disease symptoms over a month. My husband had leg cramps that improved after a week on it. Great value, especially with a discount!
Read More
7.5
Joint pain relief
4 people found this helpful
This combination is perfect for me. With the vitamin D formula, I’ve noticed improvement in joint pain and overall energy levels, which is beneficial in addressing heart disease and its related symptoms.
We explored how enhancing mitochondrial calcium uptake can influence heart disease, particularly in the context of heart hypertrophy, a condition that can lead to heart failure. The study focused on the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), a protein responsible for transporting calcium into mitochondria.
By examining heart samples from humans and mice at different stages of hypertrophy, we found that MCU levels increased during the initial adaptive phase but decreased when heart failure occurred. This tells us that the body tries to cope with added stress before ultimately struggling.
Our experiments involved manipulating MCU levels in mice through viral techniques, allowing us to observe the effects during pressure overload, simulating conditions of heart disease. We noticed that reducing MCU led to faster deterioration of heart function and increased fibrosis, indicating a poorer health status. Conversely, boosting MCU seemed to help preserve heart function and maintain tissue health even under stress.
Importantly, we found that improved mitochondrial calcium uptake triggered protective signals involving reactive oxygen species and Akt activation within the heart cells. These findings suggest that enhancing calcium uptake could offer a potential therapeutic strategy against maladaptive heart hypertrophy and contribute to a healthier heart response under stress.
Read More
9
Magnesium reduces mortality in HFpEF
Propensity score matched cohort study on magnesium supplementation and mortality in critically ill patients with HFpEF.
We explored how magnesium supplementation might influence mortality rates in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The study involved nearly 2,000 patients, with careful matching to ensure a fair comparison between those receiving magnesium and those who weren’t.
Interestingly, we found that magnesium intake was linked to a significant reduction in 28-day mortality rates. This effect was most notable in older adults, women, and patients with high blood pressure. Despite these positive findings, magnesium treatment did lead to longer hospital and ICU stays.
Overall, magnesium shows promise as a supportive treatment for HFpEF, but further investigation is necessary to better understand its benefits and implications.
Read More
9
Zinc's role in cardiac protection
ANP Increases Zn Accumulation During Reperfusion in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Hearts.
We explored the fascinating relationship between heart health, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and zinc (Zn) in the context of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, a condition that occurs when blood supply returns to the heart after a period of being blocked. Our research utilized a range of models, including isolated heart experiments in rats and ANP knockout mice, along with clinical investigations involving plasma samples from 216 patients suffering from ischemia-related diseases.
During our experiments, we observed that levels of ANP significantly increased during reperfusion, which, in turn, promoted zinc accumulation in the heart tissue. This uptick in zinc led to protective effects on the heart, primarily by reducing injury during the reperfusion phase. Interestingly, when we applied a zinc chelator, we found that it negated the beneficial impacts of both ANP and zinc, highlighting the crucial role zinc plays in conjunction with ANP.
Furthermore, we discovered that ANP modulates zinc levels by downregulating a specific transporter known as ZnT8 through a pathway called PI3K signaling. While the interplay between ANP and zinc is evident, the study suggests that zinc alone's effectiveness in treating heart conditions cannot be fully isolated due to these combined effects. Overall, our findings point to a complex relationship in heart protection strategies, where both ANP and zinc play essential, interlinked roles.
Read More
9
Zinc benefits heart health post-cisplatin
Role of zinc oxide nanoparticles supplementation on alleviate side effects of cisplatin induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
We explored the potential benefits of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) in preventing heart damage caused by cisplatin, a powerful chemotherapy drug known for its efficacy but also for its side effects, particularly cardiotoxicity.
In our study, rats were divided into several groups, including control groups and those receiving different doses of ZnONPs. We specifically looked at a range of health markers such as lipid levels, antioxidant activity, and inflammation in heart tissues to see how ZnONPs could help soften the impact of cisplatin on heart health.
As we gradually increased the dosage of ZnONPs to 50 mg/kg, we observed significant improvements across the various health parameters examined. Notably, at this optimal dose, the rats' heart health markers showed a remarkable recovery, aligning closely with those in the healthy control group. This suggests that ZnONPs effectively protect heart tissue from oxidative stress and inflammation associated with cisplatin treatment.
Overall, our findings highlight the promising role of zinc oxide nanoparticles in mitigating heart damage linked to cancer treatments, paving the way for further research in this arena.
Read More
8
Calcium scoring aids heart disease prevention
Effects of Combining Coronary Calcium Score With Treatment on Plaque Progression in Familial Coronary Artery Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
We conducted a randomized trial to see how combining coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring with a prevention strategy could limit plaque progression in patients who have a family history of heart disease. The study involved participants aged 40 to 70 who were asymptomatic but had relatives with early-onset coronary artery disease (CAD).
For those who had a CAC score between 1 and 399, we randomized them into two groups: one followed a prevention plan informed by their CAC score, while the other received usual care. After three years, we measured the plaque volume through follow-up assessments to observe how each group fared in terms of plaque progression.
Remarkably, our findings indicated that using the CAC score alongside a primary prevention approach helped reduce harmful lipids in the blood and slowed the development of plaque compared to standard care. This suggests that the CAC score can play a vital role in informing and enhancing preventive measures for those at intermediate risk of heart disease.
Heart throbbing and painful leg cramps have disappeared. After years of unexplained angina symptoms, this combination of minerals proved effective for me, essential for addressing heart disease.
Read More
9
Improved heart symptoms
Excellent composition! I take one capsule instead of three for magnesium, calcium, and zinc. It's effective; my hair and nails are stronger, and it alleviated my heart disease symptoms over a month. My husband had leg cramps that improved after a week on it. Great value, especially with a discount!
Read More
7.5
Joint pain relief
4 people found this helpful
This combination is perfect for me. With the vitamin D formula, I’ve noticed improvement in joint pain and overall energy levels, which is beneficial in addressing heart disease and its related symptoms.
Read More
7.5
Pain relief noted
3 people found this helpful
This vitamin D formula significantly helps combat the detrimental effects of deficiency, such as bone issues and fatigue. It remarkably alleviates joint pain, which is crucial when dealing with heart disease.
Read More
7.5
Strengthens immune system
1 people found this helpful
This supplement's quality is excellent. Calcium supports bones, tooth enamel, and regulates blood pressure. Magnesium enhances muscle contraction and aids recovery, stabilising the nervous system. Zinc improves metabolism and immunity and helps eliminate toxins. I take these minerals in combination with vitamin D3, which I find effective.
Heart disease refers to a range of conditions that affect the heart's function and overall health. This umbrella term includes various cardiovascular issues such as coronary artery disease, which is caused by the buildup of plaque in the arteries; heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias); and heart defects present at birth (congenital heart defects). Additionally, heart disease encompasses conditions related to the heart muscle, such as cardiomyopathy, and the heart's valves, which might not open or close properly. The effects of heart disease can be significant, impacting not only physical health but also quality of life, making prevention and timely medical intervention crucial.
Several risk factors contribute to the development of heart disease, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, diabetes, obesity, poor diet, physical inactivity, and smoking. Genetics also play a role, as heart disease can run in families. To mitigate the risks, healthcare professionals typically recommend lifestyle changes such as adopting a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and avoiding tobacco use. For those already diagnosed with heart disease, treatment options can vary widely, ranging from lifestyle modifications to medications and, in severe cases, surgical interventions. Understanding the nature of heart disease and its risk factors is an essential step toward prevention and effective management.
Calcium is a chemical element represented by the symbol Ca and atomic number 20. It is an essential mineral in the body, playing a critical role in various physiological processes. As one of the most abundant elements in nature, calcium is particularly vital for maintaining strong bones and teeth, where about 99% of the body's calcium is stored. Beyond its structural function, calcium is crucial in muscle contraction, blood clotting, and nerve transmission, making it a key player in overall health.
Dietary sources of calcium include dairy products such as milk, yogurt, and cheese, as well as leafy green vegetables, nuts, seeds, and fortified foods. The recommended daily intake of calcium varies by age and sex, but generally, adults should aim for approximately 1,000 mg per day. For those who may struggle to meet their needs through diet alone, calcium supplements are available but should be taken with caution. It's essential to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen to avoid potential side effects or interactions with medications.
Calcium is an essential mineral that plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, including muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and bone health. However, its relationship with heart disease is complex. While adequate calcium intake is important for heart health, studies have produced mixed results regarding calcium supplements and cardiovascular risks. Some research suggests that high doses of calcium from supplements might be linked to an increased risk of heart disease, while dietary calcium sources, such as dairy products, green leafy vegetables, and fortified foods, are generally considered safe and beneficial.
It's important to approach calcium intake with balance in mind. A well-rounded diet that includes sufficient amounts of calcium, alongside other heart-healthy nutrients like fiber, healthy fats, and antioxidants, can support overall cardiovascular health. If you're considering calcium supplementation, especially if you're at risk for heart disease, it’s best to consult a healthcare professional to discuss your individual needs and concerns.
Based on user reviews, the time it takes to see results from this supplement varies, but many users have reported positive changes within a few weeks to a month. For instance, one user noted a remarkable improvement in heart disease symptoms after just a month of use (Read Review), while another user experienced alleviation of leg cramps after only a week (Read Review). Other users also mentioned improvements in symptoms related to heart disease much quicker than expected, suggesting that results could manifest relatively swiftly for some.
In addition, several users highlighted gradual improvements over a period of weeks. For example, one reviewer saw benefits to their overall health and heart disease management after about 2.5 weeks (Read Review), showing that while experiences may differ, symptoms may improve within a short timeframe. Therefore, it is not uncommon for users to report noticing beneficial effects within a week to a month of supplementation.
This supplement, particularly focusing on vitamin D and magnesium, shows promise in the context of heart disease based on various scientific research findings. For instance, studies suggest that low vitamin D levels may contribute to increased severity of heart conditions, such as myocardial ischemia, and are linked to poor outcomes in individuals with acute coronary syndrome [7]. Furthermore, adequate vitamin D levels have been associated with improved heart function and potential protective roles in heart hypertrophy [8]. However, while these findings highlight the importance of vitamin D for heart health, the isolated effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in reducing heart disease risk needs more exploration.
On the other hand, magnesium also plays a crucial role in improving heart health. Research demonstrates that higher serum magnesium levels can lead to lower mortality rates in patients with heart failure and potentially contribute to better blood sugar control, which is beneficial for those with heart disease [14][10]. These studies collectively indicate that while there is positive evidence regarding the effects of vitamin D and magnesium on heart disease, ongoing research is necessary to establish definitive conclusions about their therapeutic roles. Therefore, supplementing with these minerals could be beneficial, but they should be considered within a broader context of heart disease management strategies.
Users have reported a range of improvements in symptoms after taking this supplement, particularly in relation to heart disease and associated discomforts. For instance, one user experienced a complete disappearance of heart throbbing and painful leg cramps after years of unexplained angina symptoms, highlighting the supplement's effectiveness (Read Review). Similarly, another reviewer noted significant alleviation of leg cramps within a week of starting the regimen (Read Review) and improved joint pain and overall energy levels, suggesting a multifaceted benefit for users dealing with heart-related issues (Read Review).
Furthermore, many anecdotal reports mention positive changes such as enhanced sleep quality, increased nail strength, and reduced symptoms of restless legs syndrome, all of which hint at a general uplift in well-being that can correlate with better heart health management (Read Review, Read Review). However, it is important to remember that results can vary greatly from person to person. While some users experienced quick benefits, others may take longer to notice improvements; thus, individual experiences with the supplement can differ significantly.
Users have reported a variety of positive experiences when combining this supplement with other synergistic nutrients for managing heart disease. Many noted improved overall health and specific symptom relief from heart-related issues when incorporating this supplement into their regimen. For instance, one user experienced a complete disappearance of heart throbbing and painful leg cramps, attributing this success to the combination of minerals within the supplement, which was essential in addressing their heart disease symptoms (Read Review). Others mentioned that combining it with supplements like vitamin D resulted in noticeable improvements in energy levels and joint pain, which can indirectly benefit heart health (Read Review).
Additionally, users highlighted the advantages of taking multiple essential minerals together, such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc, which they found essential for muscle control and bone health, both of which contribute positively to heart disease management (Read Review). For example, one user noted that this combination significantly alleviated muscle cramps and reduced symptoms related to restless legs syndrome, showcasing the multifaceted benefits of such supplements in promoting heart health as well as overall well-being (Read Review).
According to user reviews, there isn't a one-size-fits-all dosage recommendation for calcium and other minerals in the context of treating heart disease. Users report positive effects from various combinations and quantities of calcium, magnesium, and zinc. For instance, one user noted that they take a single capsule instead of three for a combination of these minerals and experienced improved symptoms associated with heart disease within a month Read Review. Others emphasized the importance of pairing these minerals with vitamin D for enhanced effectiveness in reducing symptoms and improving overall energy levels Read Review.
Additionally, several users appreciated the collective benefits of calcium, magnesium, and zinc for managing various health issues, stating that this combination supports bone health, regulates blood pressure, and may assist in heart disease management Read Review. While some users experienced notable improvements without specifying exact doses, it is clear that a blend of these minerals can contribute to better management of heart health for many individuals.
9
Improved heart symptoms
Excellent composition! I take one capsule instead of three for magnesium, calcium, and zinc. It's effective; my hair and nails are stronger, and it alleviated my heart disease symptoms over a month. My husband had leg cramps that improved after a week on it. Great value, especially with a discount!
7.5
Strong nails achieved
I recommended these minerals to my elderly parents. After 2.5 weeks, they reported stronger nails and better sleep. It positively affects their overall health, which can help with heart disease management.
9
Angina symptoms reduce
1 people found this helpful
Heart throbbing and painful leg cramps have disappeared. After years of unexplained angina symptoms, this combination of minerals proved effective for me, essential for addressing heart disease.
7.5
Joint pain relief
4 people found this helpful
This combination is perfect for me. With the vitamin D formula, I’ve noticed improvement in joint pain and overall energy levels, which is beneficial in addressing heart disease and its related symptoms.
7.5
Improved sleep quality
77 people found this helpful
I began with the benefits of the minerals in this jar. Calcium strengthens bones, magnesium regulates heart rate, and zinc aids metabolism. After finishing the jar, I noticed better sleep and overall improvements, which may help in dealing with heart disease, and my family is also pleased with the results.
7.5
Bone health support
2 people found this helpful
Excellent quality! Calcium is vital for strong bones and muscle control. Magnesium enhances bone density and helps regulate blood pressure. This combination supports healing and may be instrumental in managing heart disease by promoting overall health.
6
Reduced joint pain
4 people found this helpful
I really appreciate magnesium’s benefits, from bone growth to normalising heart rate and alleviating muscle cramps. After using it, my restless legs syndrome has disappeared, enhancing my wellness and addressing issues related to heart disease.
7
Vitamin D's role in heart health
The Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Coronary Artery Disease Severity Based on Myocardial Perfusion Imaging: A Cross-Sectional Study.
We examined how low levels of vitamin D (Vit D) could impact the severity of heart disease, specifically looking at myocardial ischemia. Our study involved two hundred patients who underwent myocardial perfusion imaging at Namazi Hospital in Shiraz, Iran, in 2019. We assessed both the severity of ischemia in patients and their vitamin D levels.
The results revealed a clear pattern: when vitamin D levels dropped below 10 ng/mL, patients showed a significant increase in severe myocardial ischemia. Conversely, in patients with higher levels of vitamin D, we did not find any substantial association with abnormalities in heart imaging. This indicates that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels may play a role in reducing heart disease severity.
Overall, our findings suggest that vitamin D deficiency, especially levels below 10 ng/mL, could contribute to more severe heart conditions. This could prompt health care providers to consider monitoring and addressing vitamin D levels in patients at risk for heart disease.
7
Vitamin D influences cardiac health
Sirtuin 1 mediates the pro-survival effects of vitamin D in angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts.
We explored the connection between vitamin D and heart disease, focusing on its effects in a specific scenario: the response of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts to angiotensin II (Ang II), a substance often involved in heart issues. In our study, we exposed these heart cells to Ang II alone and in combination with vitamin D while also manipulating the activity of a protein called SIRT1.
Our findings showed that while vitamin D significantly reduced the hypertrophy caused by Ang II—meaning it helped to keep the cells from growing excessively—this effect didn’t rely on SIRT1. Interestingly, when SIRT1 was blocked, vitamin D lost its ability to protect the cells from decreased viability, indicating that SIRT1 is essential for vitamin D’s pro-survival benefits but not for its anti-hypertrophic effects.
This suggests that vitamin D has a complex role in heart health. While it can prevent excessive cell growth, it needs SIRT1 to boost cell survival. Therefore, strategies that enhance SIRT1 activity alongside vitamin D could offer a promising path to tackle issues like cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
7
Magnesium improves blood sugar control
Serum magnesium, not calcium, is inversely associated with abnormal HbA1c concentrations in adults with coronary artery disease.
We investigated the effect of magnesium and calcium on blood sugar levels in 11,934 patients with coronary artery disease. Our findings indicated that higher serum magnesium levels and a favorable magnesium to calcium ratio were associated with lower abnormal HbA1c levels, which reflect better blood sugar management. In contrast, calcium showed no significant association with HbA1c levels. Importantly, we found no evidence that inflammation played a role in this relationship. Overall, magnesium might be beneficial for maintaining healthy blood sugar levels in those with heart disease.
7
Magnesium and vitamin D impact heart health
Magnesium status, serum vitamin D concentration and mortality among congestive heart failure patients: a cohort study from NHANES 2007-2018.
We investigated the complex relationship between magnesium levels, vitamin D concentrations, and mortality rates among patients suffering from congestive heart failure (CHF). Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted between 2007 and 2018, we aimed to understand how these two nutrients impact heart health.
Our findings revealed a significant connection between magnesium deficiency and increased risk of death from all causes as well as from heart-related issues. Specifically, patients with a high magnesium depletion score had a 72% higher risk of all-cause mortality and a 71% higher risk of cardiovascular-related mortality.
On the other hand, higher serum vitamin D levels were linked with a lower risk of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. This means that maintaining appropriate levels of vitamin D might improve survival rates among CHF patients. Interestingly, we found that patients with low vitamin D levels and high magnesium deficiency faced an alarming risk—over twice that of those with high vitamin D and low magnesium deficiency.
Overall, our study emphasizes the potential benefits of having adequate vitamin D and magnesium levels for improving outcomes in patients with heart failure. This suggests that attention to nutrient intake could play a critical role in supporting heart health and longevity.
References
Sato T, Matsumura M, Yamamoto K, Sugizaki Y, Shlofmitz E, et al. A Revised Optical Coherence Tomography-Derived Calcium Score to Predict Stent Underexpansion in Severely Calcified Lesions. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2025;18:622. 10.1016/j.jcin.2024.12.001
Zaglia T, Campo A, Moro N, Di Mauro V, Borile G, et al. Enhancement of mitochondrial calcium uptake is cardioprotective against maladaptive hypertrophy by retrograde signaling uptuning Akt. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025;122:e2402639122. 10.1073/pnas.2402639122
Nerlekar N, Vasanthakumar SA, Whitmore K, Soh CH, Chan J, et al. Effects of Combining Coronary Calcium Score With Treatment on Plaque Progression in Familial Coronary Artery Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2025. 10.1001/jama.2025.0584
Vanreusel I, Hens W, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Paelinck BP, Segers VFM, et al. Vitamin D levels correlate with exercise capacity in adults with CHD. Cardiol Young. 2025. 10.1017/S1047951125000526
Loh HH, Tay SP, Koa AJ, Yong MC, Said A, et al. Unveiling the benefits of Vitamin D3 with SGLT-2 inhibitors for hypertensive obese obstructive sleep apnea patients. J Transl Med. 2025;23:296. 10.1186/s12967-025-06312-w
Qi H, Zhou Y, Hou HT, Wei JH, He GW, et al. Contributing role and molecular basis of Vitamin D/Vitamin D receptor deficiency in hyperhomocysteinemia-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Biochem Pharmacol. 2025;234:116812. 10.1016/j.bcp.2025.116812
Haghighatafshar M, Shekasteband B, Firuzyar T, Etemadi Z, Farhoudi F, et al. The Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Coronary Artery Disease Severity Based on Myocardial Perfusion Imaging: A Cross-Sectional Study. Iran J Med Sci. 2025;50:31. 10.30476/ijms.2024.101112.3372
Astani A, Maroofi A, Hekmatimoghaddam S, Sarebanhassanabadi M, Safari F. Sirtuin 1 mediates the pro-survival effects of vitamin D in angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Mol Biol Rep. 2024;52:96. 10.1007/s11033-024-10168-6
Algül E, Özbeyaz NB, Şahan HF, Aydinyilmaz F, Erdoğan A, et al. Low vitamin D levels are associated with impaired diastolic function in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Minerva Cardiol Angiol. 2025;73:57. 10.23736/S2724-5683.24.06515-3
Sun L, Du J. Magnesium status, serum vitamin D concentration and mortality among congestive heart failure patients: a cohort study from NHANES 2007-2018. Magnes Res. 2024;37:61. 10.1684/mrh.2024.0528
Aleksova A, Janjusevic M, Pani B, Hiche C, Chicco A, et al. The Co-Existence of Hypovitaminosis D and Diabetes Mellitus Triples the Incidence of Severe Coronary Artery Disease in Women. J Clin Med. 2024;13. 10.3390/jcm13226792
Cheng Y, Zullo AR, Yin Y, Shao Y, Liu S, et al. Nonprescription Magnesium Supplement Use and Risk of Heart Failure in Patients With Diabetes: A Target Trial Emulation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14:e038870. 10.1161/JAHA.124.038870
Moyano-Peregrin C, Rodelo-Haad C, Martín-Malo A, Muñoz-Castañeda JR, Ojeda R, et al. Upper normal serum magnesium is associated with a reduction in incident death from fatal heart failure, coronary heart disease and stroke in non-dialysis patients with CKD stages 4 and 5. Clin Kidney J. 2025;18:sfae390. 10.1093/ckj/sfae390
Dong H, Lu N, Wang J, Hu P. Serum magnesium, not calcium, is inversely associated with abnormal HbA1c concentrations in adults with coronary artery disease. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2025;34:104. 10.6133/apjcn.202502_34(1).0010
Song L, Ying J, Li M, Ying L, Zhao C. Propensity score matched cohort study on magnesium supplementation and mortality in critically ill patients with HFpEF. Sci Rep. 2025;15:1944. 10.1038/s41598-025-85931-1
Song Q, Song L, Liu H, Tan H, Yang B, et al. Association of magnesium intake with predicted atherosclerotic lesions and cardiovascular risk in young adults based on PDAY score: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2024;24:3232. 10.1186/s12889-024-20785-2
Behers BJ, Behers BM, Stephenson-Moe CA, Vargas IA, Meng Z, et al. Magnesium and Potassium Supplementation for Systolic Blood Pressure Reduction in the General Normotensive Population: A Systematic Review and Subgroup Meta-Analysis for Optimal Dosage and Treatment Length. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16213617
Jiang Y, Luo B, Chen Y, Lu W, Peng Y, et al. Serum calcium-magnesium ratio at admission predicts adverse outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome. PLoS One. 2024;19:e0313352. 10.1371/journal.pone.0313352
Wyss C, Gündling PW, Kostev K. Real world effectiveness of Hawthorn special extract WS 1442 in a retrospective cohort study from Germany. Sci Rep. 2024;14:22986. 10.1038/s41598-024-74325-4
Seguchi M, Aytekin A, Xhepa E, Haude M, Wlodarczak A, et al. Vascular response following implantation of the third-generation drug-eluting resorbable coronary magnesium scaffold: an intravascular imaging analysis of the BIOMAG-I first-in-human study. EuroIntervention. 2024;20:e1173. 10.4244/EIJ-D-24-00055
Zhang J, Chen Z, Rao L, He Y. Coronary bioresorbable metallic stents: Advancements and future perspectives. J Cardiol. 2025;85:69. 10.1016/j.jjcc.2024.08.003
Copp KL, Steffen LM, Yi SY, Lutsey PL, Rebholz CM, et al. Magnesium-rich diet score is inversely associated with incident cardiovascular disease: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2025;32:386. 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae251
Zhuang J, Zhang Q, Wang H, Su PH, Chen PY. Association between short-term changes in serum magnesium and in-hospital mortality following acute myocardial infarction: a cohort study based on the MIMIC database. Magnes Res. 2024;37:45. 10.1684/mrh.2024.0517
Fruh V, Babalola T, Sears C, Wellenius GA, Webster TF, et al. Dietary Minerals and Incident Cardiovascular Outcomes among Never-Smokers in a Danish Case-Cohort Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024;21. 10.3390/ijerph21070932
Tao J, Wang J, Peng H, Yuan Y, Lai H, et al. Association between serum phosphate, magnesium, calcium and aortic valve sclerosis: a propensity score-matched case-control study. Acta Cardiol. 2024;79:522. 10.1080/00015385.2024.2379682
Zhang J, Sun D, Guo Y, Tong J, Liu Q, et al. Targeted delivery of black phosphorus nanosheets by ROS responsive complex hydrogel based on angiogenesis and antioxidant promotes myocardial infarction repair. J Nanobiotechnology. 2024;22:433. 10.1186/s12951-024-02685-0
Ma YT, Laga T, Zhong CN, Zhuang BQ, Quan HL, et al. ANP Increases Zn Accumulation During Reperfusion in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Hearts. Curr Med Sci. 2025;45:35. 10.1007/s11596-025-00019-1
Al-Lbban AM. Role of zinc oxide nanoparticles supplementation on alleviate side effects of cisplatin induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Braz J Biol. 2025;84:e287764. 10.1590/1519-6984.287764
Zhang H, Zhou W, Wang X, Men H, Wang J, et al. Exacerbation by knocking-out metallothionein gene of obesity-induced cardiac remodeling is associated with the activation of CARD9 signaling. Int J Biol Sci. 2025;21:1032. 10.7150/ijbs.105513
Kimura K, Suzuki F, Tsujiguchi H, Hara A, Miyagi S, et al. Relationship between coronary artery disease with dyslipidaemia and trace mineral intake: a cross-sectional analysis of the Shika study. J Nutr Sci. 2024;13:e45. 10.1017/jns.2024.26