Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 34 Researches
7.3
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 75 Reviews
8.1
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 3 Caplets
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Vitamin D (as D3 Cholecalciferol)
15 mcg (600 IU)
75%
Calcium (as Calcium Carbonate and Calcium Gluconate)
1,000 mg
77%
Magnesium (as Magnesium Oxide and Magnesium Gluconate)
400 mg
95%
Zinc (as Zinc Gluconate and Zinc Citrate)
25 mg
227%
Sodium
10 mg
<1%
Top Medical Research Studies
9
Magnesium sulfate alleviates postoperative pain
We explored the impact of magnesium sulfate on managing pain following total knee arthroplasty. In a randomized, double-blind trial with 90 patients, half received a blend of analgesics that included magnesium sulfate, while the other half did not.
Following surgery, the results showed that magnesium sulfate helped prolong pain relief and reduced the need for opioids. Patients receiving it experienced less postoperative pain and moved towards recovery more effectively.
Overall, adding magnesium sulfate appears beneficial for postoperative knee pain management.
Following surgery, the results showed that magnesium sulfate helped prolong pain relief and reduced the need for opioids. Patients receiving it experienced less postoperative pain and moved towards recovery more effectively.
Overall, adding magnesium sulfate appears beneficial for postoperative knee pain management.
Read More
9
Magnesium aids postoperative pain relief
We explored the role of magnesium in reducing knee pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). In a study involving 119 adults, participants received either an adductor canal block with magnesium and bupivacaine or just bupivacaine.
Those who received magnesium reported significantly lower pain scores and reduced opioid usage in the days after surgery, without experiencing an uptick in nausea or dissatisfaction. This suggests that adding magnesium to local anesthesia could enhance pain management for TKA patients, promoting a smoother recovery.
Those who received magnesium reported significantly lower pain scores and reduced opioid usage in the days after surgery, without experiencing an uptick in nausea or dissatisfaction. This suggests that adding magnesium to local anesthesia could enhance pain management for TKA patients, promoting a smoother recovery.
Read More
9
Magnesium reduces postoperative knee pain
We evaluated the impact of magnesium sulphate on pain levels for 44 patients undergoing staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty.
In this study, the magnesium group received magnesium sulphate while the control group received isotonic saline during their surgeries.
Our findings showed that those who received magnesium experienced significantly lower pain scores compared to the control group, both after their first and second surgeries.
Importantly, magnesium also helped reduce the need for additional pain relief medications in the days following surgery.
In this study, the magnesium group received magnesium sulphate while the control group received isotonic saline during their surgeries.
Our findings showed that those who received magnesium experienced significantly lower pain scores compared to the control group, both after their first and second surgeries.
Importantly, magnesium also helped reduce the need for additional pain relief medications in the days following surgery.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Pain relief achieved
151 people found this helpful
A remarkable complex of minerals! At 39, I had severe knee pain from walking, but after a month of taking this, the pain vanished completely! I continue to take courses, drinking it for a month with breaks, and I wish to help others with my honest feedback.
Read More
9
Joint pain eased
12 people found this helpful
For the price, these vitamins are very effective. After starting my jogging routine, I experienced knee pain, but it disappeared after taking these pills, which clearly absorbed well. I'll continue to order more.
Read More
9
Pain management
10 people found this helpful
An excellent complex! After my fracture, I was plagued by knee pain, but this complex has significantly reduced it, greatly improving my overall health.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 34 Researches
7.3
- All Researches
9
We explored how calcium phosphate (CaP) injections impact knee pain, particularly in patients suffering from osteoarthritis-related bone marrow lesions (OA-BML). In this study, we compared two groups of patients: those who received knee arthroscopy combined with CaP injections and those who had knee arthroscopy for different knee issues.
Our observations showed that patients receiving the CaP injections experienced less frequent conversions to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) when compared to the other group. Notably, within the CaP group, we noticed a significant improvement in their knee injury and functional outcome scores before and after the procedure. However, patients who only underwent knee arthroscopy did not show the same level of improvement.
Overall, we found that adding CaP injections during knee surgery for OA-BML significantly enhanced functional outcomes over traditional surgery alone. This study underscores the potential benefits of CaP treatments in managing knee pain and improving quality of life for those suffering from knee OA.
Our observations showed that patients receiving the CaP injections experienced less frequent conversions to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) when compared to the other group. Notably, within the CaP group, we noticed a significant improvement in their knee injury and functional outcome scores before and after the procedure. However, patients who only underwent knee arthroscopy did not show the same level of improvement.
Overall, we found that adding CaP injections during knee surgery for OA-BML significantly enhanced functional outcomes over traditional surgery alone. This study underscores the potential benefits of CaP treatments in managing knee pain and improving quality of life for those suffering from knee OA.
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9
We focused on the effects of vitamin D (VITD) in reducing knee pain linked to osteoarthritis (OA) using a study conducted on Wistar rats. The rats were induced with OA through a combination of surgical methods known as ACLT (anterior cruciate ligament transection) along with medial meniscectomy. This allowed us to closely observe the direct impact of VITD on pain levels and cartilage health.
Our investigations revealed that VITD not only alleviated pain but also minimized cartilage destruction. We measured pain severity through various tests, examined knee structure through histopathological studies, and analyzed different biological markers including inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are linked to cartilage degradation.
The results were quite promising. Not only did VITD show a significant reduction in pain, but it also decreased inflammation and the destruction of chondrocytes, or cartilage cells. These benefits appear to stem from VITD's ability to lower the expression of MMPs, which are known contributors to cartilage breakdown in OA.
Overall, our findings strongly suggest that adding vitamin D to treatment regimens could be beneficial for those suffering from knee pain related to osteoarthritis, making it a potential ally in managing this common joint condition.
Our investigations revealed that VITD not only alleviated pain but also minimized cartilage destruction. We measured pain severity through various tests, examined knee structure through histopathological studies, and analyzed different biological markers including inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are linked to cartilage degradation.
The results were quite promising. Not only did VITD show a significant reduction in pain, but it also decreased inflammation and the destruction of chondrocytes, or cartilage cells. These benefits appear to stem from VITD's ability to lower the expression of MMPs, which are known contributors to cartilage breakdown in OA.
Overall, our findings strongly suggest that adding vitamin D to treatment regimens could be beneficial for those suffering from knee pain related to osteoarthritis, making it a potential ally in managing this common joint condition.
Read More
9
Magnesium sulfate alleviates postoperative pain
We explored the impact of magnesium sulfate on managing pain following total knee arthroplasty. In a randomized, double-blind trial with 90 patients, half received a blend of analgesics that included magnesium sulfate, while the other half did not.
Following surgery, the results showed that magnesium sulfate helped prolong pain relief and reduced the need for opioids. Patients receiving it experienced less postoperative pain and moved towards recovery more effectively.
Overall, adding magnesium sulfate appears beneficial for postoperative knee pain management.
Following surgery, the results showed that magnesium sulfate helped prolong pain relief and reduced the need for opioids. Patients receiving it experienced less postoperative pain and moved towards recovery more effectively.
Overall, adding magnesium sulfate appears beneficial for postoperative knee pain management.
Read More
9
Magnesium aids postoperative pain relief
We explored the role of magnesium in reducing knee pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). In a study involving 119 adults, participants received either an adductor canal block with magnesium and bupivacaine or just bupivacaine.
Those who received magnesium reported significantly lower pain scores and reduced opioid usage in the days after surgery, without experiencing an uptick in nausea or dissatisfaction. This suggests that adding magnesium to local anesthesia could enhance pain management for TKA patients, promoting a smoother recovery.
Those who received magnesium reported significantly lower pain scores and reduced opioid usage in the days after surgery, without experiencing an uptick in nausea or dissatisfaction. This suggests that adding magnesium to local anesthesia could enhance pain management for TKA patients, promoting a smoother recovery.
Read More
9
We evaluated how effective magnesium, especially when combined with bupivacaine, is for managing knee pain after arthroscopy. Our study looked at data from 78 randomized trials involving 4,425 participants.
It turns out that magnesium with bupivacaine is the top performer in easing pain right after surgery and at the 24-hour mark, outperforming other analgesics like morphine.
However, magnesium alone didn’t show significant pain relief. We found that using this combination does not lead to more side effects, making it a safe choice for recovery.
It turns out that magnesium with bupivacaine is the top performer in easing pain right after surgery and at the 24-hour mark, outperforming other analgesics like morphine.
However, magnesium alone didn’t show significant pain relief. We found that using this combination does not lead to more side effects, making it a safe choice for recovery.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 75 Reviews
8.1
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
9
Pain relief achieved
151 people found this helpful
A remarkable complex of minerals! At 39, I had severe knee pain from walking, but after a month of taking this, the pain vanished completely! I continue to take courses, drinking it for a month with breaks, and I wish to help others with my honest feedback.
Read More
9
Joint pain eased
12 people found this helpful
For the price, these vitamins are very effective. After starting my jogging routine, I experienced knee pain, but it disappeared after taking these pills, which clearly absorbed well. I'll continue to order more.
Read More
9
Pain management
10 people found this helpful
An excellent complex! After my fracture, I was plagued by knee pain, but this complex has significantly reduced it, greatly improving my overall health.
Read More
9
Joint strength gained
9 people found this helpful
At 36, I discovered knee pain and needed a calcium complex for joint strengthening. After taking this affordable solution containing essential vitamins, I feel fantastic and recommend it for anyone leading a slightly sedentary lifestyle.
Read More
9
Back pain alleviated
7 people found this helpful
We have already finished our third bottle. My husband's knee pain and back pain have noticeably improved, and my hair has stopped falling out.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
9
Improved knee flexibility
5 people found this helpful
I broke my toe and was experiencing knee pain. After just two days of taking this, I felt my knee move without pain. I can now run around the house, and my mother, who had leg pain, is also benefiting from it. I will definitely order again.
9
Pain relief achieved
151 people found this helpful
A remarkable complex of minerals! At 39, I had severe knee pain from walking, but after a month of taking this, the pain vanished completely! I continue to take courses, drinking it for a month with breaks, and I wish to help others with my honest feedback.
9
Relieves knee pain
2 people found this helpful
These vitamins REALLY WORK FOR ME! After three weeks, I feel a real difference in my body. I suffer from Osteoarthritis, and magnesium has helped with my knee pain. I'm now able to work longer hours without throbbing pain.
9
Knee pain resolved
5 people found this helpful
Excellent! This is a great product that I bought last Sunday. My family members suffered from bone pain, and after a week of using it, the pain stopped.
9
Vertebrae pain relief
3 people found this helpful
For six months, I suffered from vertebrae pain. Initially, visits to an osteopath provided temporary relief, but after taking this supplement once daily at night, my pain has completely disappeared without changing my lifestyle. Clearly, it has made a significant difference!
9
Knee strength enhancement
4 people found this helpful
I started taking these years ago, and they've greatly improved my nail strength. My knee pain has disappeared, and even my jaw stopped clicking since I began taking these. I’ll keep these stocked.
9
Joint pain relief
4 people found this helpful
This combination is perfect for me, combating vitamin D deficiency. It's helped with joint pain and improved my overall condition significantly, allowing me to feel energetic and vibrant again.
9.5
Avoids knee pain
2 people found this helpful
It works! Be cautious about overdosing on this little green helper. I recommend two pills daily. After twisting my knee years ago, this complex has made the pain disappear.
10
Reduced knee pain
1 people found this helpful
Excellent product! I bought this for my mother, who is very pleased. It has significantly reduced her knee pain, improved her strength and overall well-being, and she started sleeping better. She takes two tablets at bedtime. We'll definitely order more.
9
Reduced lumbar pain
2 people found this helpful
My husband's knees and lumbar spine no longer hurt. He has to squat at work, which causes discomfort over time, but since taking three pills a day, he feels much less knee pain and lumbar discomfort. It's an affordable and effective option.
9
Knee pain alleviation
4 people found this helpful
I felt an incredible difference soon after starting these. The knee pain I had just went away. I'm grateful for this product 🙏.
7
We examined the effectiveness of vitamin D treatment on knee pain in individuals suffering from knee osteoarthritis (OA). Our analysis came from a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that focused on how various nonsurgical treatments affected both pain levels and synovitis, or inflammation, visible through MRI scans.
The results indicated that vitamin D, alongside exercise therapy, was associated with improvements in both pain and inflammatory markers. This finding suggests that vitamin D might play a beneficial role in managing knee pain for those with OA. However, it's important to note that more research is necessary to fully understand its effects and clarify whether vitamin D alone can provide significant benefits.
Overall, this review highlights the potential of vitamin D as part of a combination treatment approach, but also emphasizes the need for further studies to validate these outcomes and explore additional therapies for knee OA treatment.
The results indicated that vitamin D, alongside exercise therapy, was associated with improvements in both pain and inflammatory markers. This finding suggests that vitamin D might play a beneficial role in managing knee pain for those with OA. However, it's important to note that more research is necessary to fully understand its effects and clarify whether vitamin D alone can provide significant benefits.
Overall, this review highlights the potential of vitamin D as part of a combination treatment approach, but also emphasizes the need for further studies to validate these outcomes and explore additional therapies for knee OA treatment.
8
We investigated the role of vitamin D3 in managing post-operative knee pain in patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). Our study involved 240 patients divided into three groups. One group received vitamin D3 supplements before surgery, another group received them afterward, and the last group had normal vitamin D levels from the start.
By examining bone pain levels at different intervals post-surgery, we could see how vitamin D3 supplementation could affect recovery. The results showed that correcting vitamin D deficiency before surgery led to significantly better pain control afterward. It highlighted the importance of checking vitamin D levels before undergoing knee surgery, as proper treatment can enhance patient outcomes dramatically.
Overall, our findings suggest that addressing vitamin D deficiency is a critical factor for a smoother post-surgery recovery process. It not only helps in reducing pain but also may contribute to better overall knee function after surgery.
By examining bone pain levels at different intervals post-surgery, we could see how vitamin D3 supplementation could affect recovery. The results showed that correcting vitamin D deficiency before surgery led to significantly better pain control afterward. It highlighted the importance of checking vitamin D levels before undergoing knee surgery, as proper treatment can enhance patient outcomes dramatically.
Overall, our findings suggest that addressing vitamin D deficiency is a critical factor for a smoother post-surgery recovery process. It not only helps in reducing pain but also may contribute to better overall knee function after surgery.
7
We sought to understand the connection between vitamin D levels and knee pain in older adults suffering from osteoarthritis (OA). In our analysis, we looked at data from 105 OA patients alongside 152 control participants to explore how vitamin D deficiency might relate to functional impairment.
Our findings revealed that those with lower levels of vitamin D experienced more severe symptoms of OA. Specifically, the patients demonstrated higher levels of pain and were more functionally impaired according to the WOMAC questionnaire. Interestingly, we also found a connection between vitamin D deficiency and increased levels of inflammation markers, TNF-α and IL-6, suggesting that vitamin D may play a role in managing both pain and inflammation in OA.
Overall, this study highlights the potential importance of maintaining adequate vitamin D levels to alleviate knee pain and improve functionality in individuals with osteoarthritis. However, further research is needed to determine if vitamin D supplementation could effectively mitigate symptoms of arthritis and slow disease progression.
Our findings revealed that those with lower levels of vitamin D experienced more severe symptoms of OA. Specifically, the patients demonstrated higher levels of pain and were more functionally impaired according to the WOMAC questionnaire. Interestingly, we also found a connection between vitamin D deficiency and increased levels of inflammation markers, TNF-α and IL-6, suggesting that vitamin D may play a role in managing both pain and inflammation in OA.
Overall, this study highlights the potential importance of maintaining adequate vitamin D levels to alleviate knee pain and improve functionality in individuals with osteoarthritis. However, further research is needed to determine if vitamin D supplementation could effectively mitigate symptoms of arthritis and slow disease progression.
8
We explored the potential benefits of vitamin D3 supplementation in alleviating knee pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA). In this open-label clinical trial, we assessed the effects of daily doses of 4000 IU vitamin D3 over three months in 80 patients suffering from knee OA.
Our findings revealed notable improvements in pain levels and overall physical function. The patients showed significant reductions in pain scores measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) subscores after the treatment period. Remarkably, 86.7% of those treated responded positively to the therapy.
Interestingly, we observed changes in systemic cytokine levels: while some pro-inflammatory markers increased, others, including TNF-α and IL-17, showed significant reductions. This suggests that vitamin D3 not only helps with pain relief but also may influence inflammatory processes in the body.
Overall, our results indicate that vitamin D3 supplementation could be a promising therapeutic option for managing symptoms of knee OA. Nonetheless, future research should further investigate the role of specific inflammatory mediators, like IL-33, in the progression of knee osteoarthritis.
Our findings revealed notable improvements in pain levels and overall physical function. The patients showed significant reductions in pain scores measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) subscores after the treatment period. Remarkably, 86.7% of those treated responded positively to the therapy.
Interestingly, we observed changes in systemic cytokine levels: while some pro-inflammatory markers increased, others, including TNF-α and IL-17, showed significant reductions. This suggests that vitamin D3 not only helps with pain relief but also may influence inflammatory processes in the body.
Overall, our results indicate that vitamin D3 supplementation could be a promising therapeutic option for managing symptoms of knee OA. Nonetheless, future research should further investigate the role of specific inflammatory mediators, like IL-33, in the progression of knee osteoarthritis.
References
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- Stratton A, Wanless M, Abidi N. Total Knee Conversion Rates and Functional Outcome After Calcium Phosphate Injection for Bone Marrow Lesions of the Knee. J Knee Surg. 2024;37:341. doi:10.1055/a-2094-5724
- Montemor CN, Fernandes MTP, Marquez AS, Bignardi PR, Poli RC, et al. Impact of Reduced Vitamin D Levels on Pain, Function, and Severity in Knee or Hip Osteoarthritis. Nutrients. 2025;17. doi:10.3390/nu17030447
- Mende LK, Kuthati Y, Wong CS. Curcumin and Vitamin D Supplement Attenuates Knee Osteoarthritis Progression in ACLT + MMx Rat Model: Effect on Cartilage Protection and Pain Reduction. Nutrients. 2025;17. doi:10.3390/nu17020349
- Rajani AM, Mittal A, Kulkarni VU, Rajani KA, Rajani KA. Role of Pre-operative Correction of Vitamin D3 Deficiency in Controlling Post-operative Bone Pain after Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty. Malays Orthop J. 2024;18:7. doi:10.5704/MOJ.2411.002
- Gottreich JR, Katz JN, Jones MH. Nonsurgical Knee Osteoarthritis Treatments for Reducing Inflammation as Measured on MRI Scans: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Orthop J Sports Med. 2024;12:23259671241272667. doi:10.1177/23259671241272667
- Zuo A, Jia Q, Zhang M, Zhou X, Li T, et al. The association of vitamin D with knee osteoarthritis pain: an analysis from the Osteoarthritis Initiative database. Sci Rep. 2024;14:30176. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-81845-6
- Wang QW, Ong MT, Man GC, Yeung YM, He X, et al. The effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis: Study protocol for a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2024;19:e0309610. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0309610
- Saengsiwaritt W, Jittikoon J, Chaikledkaew U, Tawonsawatruk T, Honsawek S, et al. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on circulating level of autophagosome protein LC3A, inflammation, and physical performance in knee osteoarthritis. Clin Transl Sci. 2023;16:2543. doi:10.1111/cts.13646
- Wang Z, Zhu Z, Pan F, Zheng S, Parameswaran V, et al. Long-term effects of vitamin D supplementation and maintaining sufficient vitamin D on knee osteoarthritis over 5 years. Arthritis Res Ther. 2023;25:178. doi:10.1186/s13075-023-03167-8
- Wang R, Wang ZM, Xiang SC, Jin ZK, Zhang JJ, et al. Relationship between 25-hydroxy vitamin D and knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023;10:1200592. doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1200592
- Busa P, Huang N, Kuthati Y, Wong CS. Vitamin D reduces pain and cartilage destruction in knee osteoarthritis animals through inhibiting the matrix metalloprotease (MMPs) expression. Heliyon. 2023;9:e15268. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15268
- Shen J, Lin X, Lin Y, Xiao J, Wu C, et al. Supplementation of hyaluronic acid injections with vitamin D improve knee function by attenuating synovial fluid oxidative stress in osteoarthritis patients with vitamin D insufficiency. Front Nutr. 2023;10:1026722. doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1026722
- Divjak A, Jovanovic I, Matic A, Lucic AT, Gajovic N, et al. The influence of vitamin D supplementation on the expression of mediators of inflammation in knee osteoarthritis. Immunol Res. 2023;71:442. doi:10.1007/s12026-022-09354-0
- Lin T, Peng S, Lu S, Fu S, Zeng D, et al. Prediction of knee pain improvement over two years for knee osteoarthritis using a dynamic nomogram based on MRI-derived radiomics: a proof-of-concept study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2023;31:267. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2022.10.014
- Strath LJ, Hernandez PV, Nodarse CL, Johnson AJ, Edberg JD, et al. Clinical vitamin D levels are associated with insular volume and inferior temporal gyrus white matter surface area in community-dwelling individuals with knee pain. Front Neurosci. 2022;16:882322. doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.882322
- Jin X, Ding C, Hunter DJ, Gallego B. Effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation on knee osteoarthritis - A target trial emulation study using data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative cohort. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2022;30:1495. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2022.06.005
- Peng HM, Weng XS, Li Y, Feng B, Qian W, et al. Effect of alendronate sodium plus vitamin D tablets on knee joint structure and osteoarthritis pain: a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study protocol. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23:584. doi:10.1186/s12891-022-05521-4
- Zhu Y, Shen S, Cui L, Wu L, Zhang B. Magnesium sulphate and sodium bicarbonate as additives for periarticular local infiltration analgesia improve pain management after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. J Orthop Surg Res. 2024;19:764. doi:10.1186/s13018-024-05233-6
- Xu H, Hao C, Wang X, Du J, Zhang T, et al. Effect of Magnesium Sulfate Infusion on Postoperative Quality of Recovery in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2024;18:919. doi:10.2147/DDDT.S444896
- Zhao C, Wang L, Chen L, Wang Q, Kang P. Effects of magnesium sulfate on periarticular infiltration analgesia in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. J Orthop Surg Res. 2023;18:301. doi:10.1186/s13018-023-03790-w
- Wang Q, Zhao C, Hu J, Ma T, Yang J, et al. Efficacy of a Modified Cocktail for Periarticular Local Infiltration Analgesia in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Double-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2023;105:354. doi:10.2106/JBJS.22.00614
- Choi JW, Lahori A, Merlo JA, Gill O, Ghoddoussi F, et al. Adductor Canal Blocks With Bupivacaine and Magnesium After Same-day Discharge Total Knee Arthroplasty Improve Postoperative Pain Relief and Decrease Opioid Consumption: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin J Pain. 2022;38:388. doi:10.1097/AJP.0000000000001036
- He Y, He H, Li X, Lei G, Xie D, et al. Intra-Articular Magnesium Plus Bupivacaine Is the Most Effective and Safe Postoperative Analgesic Option Following Knee Arthroscopy: A Network Meta-analysis. Arthroscopy. 2022;38:2897. doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2022.03.013
- Shi L, Zhu H, Ma J, Shi LL, Gao F, et al. Intra-articular magnesium to alleviate postoperative pain after arthroscopic knee surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021;16:111. doi:10.1186/s13018-021-02264-1
- Zhao Z, Zhang X, Peng H, Li W, Liu H, et al. Magnesium Sulfate Combined with a Levobupivacaine Periarticular Cocktail for Analgesia in the Early Postoperative Period after Total Knee Arthroplasty. J Knee Surg. 2021;34:1463. doi:10.1055/s-0040-1710364
- Condello V, Filardo G, Madonna V, Andriolo L, Screpis D, et al. Use of a Biomimetic Scaffold for the Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions in Early Osteoarthritis. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:7937089. doi:10.1155/2018/7937089
- Shmagel A, Onizuka N, Langsetmo L, Vo T, Foley R, et al. Low magnesium intake is associated with increased knee pain in subjects with radiographic knee osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2018;26:651. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2018.02.002
- Shin HJ, Kim EY, Na HS, Kim TK, Kim MH, et al. Magnesium sulphate attenuates acute postoperative pain and increased pain intensity after surgical injury in staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Anaesth. 2016;117:497. doi:10.1093/bja/aew227
- Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhu YL, Fu PL. Efficacy and safety of an intra-operative intra-articular magnesium/ropivacaine injection for pain control following total knee arthroplasty. J Int Med Res. 2012;40:2032.
- Ekmekci P, Bengisun ZK, Akan B, Kazbek BK, Ozkan KS, et al. The effect of magnesium added to levobupivacaine for femoral nerve block on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2013;21:1119. doi:10.1007/s00167-012-2093-4
- Koltka K, Koknel-Talu G, Asik M, Ozyalcin S. Comparison of efficacy of intraarticular application of magnesium, levobupivacaine and lornoxicam with placebo in arthroscopic surgery. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2011;19:1884. doi:10.1007/s00167-011-1497-x
- Chen Y, Zhang Y, Zhu YL, Fu PL. Efficacy and safety of an intra-operative intra-articular magnesium/ropivacaine injection for pain control following total knee arthroplasty. J Int Med Res. 2009;37:1733.
- Farouk S, Aly A. A comparison of intra-articular magnesium and/or morphine with bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery. J Anesth. 2009;23:508. doi:10.1007/s00540-009-0822-8
