Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 14 Researches
7.8
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 9 Reviews
8.3
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 3 Capsules
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Organic Echinacea purpurea (stem, leaf, flower)
1.2 g
**
Top Medical Research Studies
9
Echinacea shows promise against influenza
We focused on how echinacea, a well-known wildflower, can combat viruses that commonly cause respiratory infections, specifically influenza A and B, as well as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Through a methodical approach, we evaluated the effects of a 60% ethanol extract of echinacea and its active compound, chicoric acid (CA), on these viruses.
Our research utilized various tests to measure the antiviral effectiveness of echinacea. We observed that both the extract and chicoric acid significantly reduced the infectivity of H1N1, IVB, and RSV-A in controlled experiments. Notably, our findings indicated a decrease in viral gene expression and confirmed through microscopy that echinacea's components could limit the ability of these viruses to infect host cells.
Additionally, we found that echinacea's extract and chicoric acid effectively hindered the attachment of H1N1 and IVB viruses to cell receptors, showcasing their potential utility in preventing these viral infections. With this strong set of results, we believe that echinacea could serve as a promising natural remedy or ingredient in functional health foods aimed at reducing the impact of viral respiratory infections.
Our research utilized various tests to measure the antiviral effectiveness of echinacea. We observed that both the extract and chicoric acid significantly reduced the infectivity of H1N1, IVB, and RSV-A in controlled experiments. Notably, our findings indicated a decrease in viral gene expression and confirmed through microscopy that echinacea's components could limit the ability of these viruses to infect host cells.
Additionally, we found that echinacea's extract and chicoric acid effectively hindered the attachment of H1N1 and IVB viruses to cell receptors, showcasing their potential utility in preventing these viral infections. With this strong set of results, we believe that echinacea could serve as a promising natural remedy or ingredient in functional health foods aimed at reducing the impact of viral respiratory infections.
Read More
9
Echinacea shows effectiveness against influenza
We conducted a well-structured clinical trial to scrutinize the effectiveness of a new Echinacea formulation, named Echinaforce Hotdrink, against oseltamivir, a widely recognized antiviral medication for influenza. This study involved 473 patients who had early symptoms of the flu, allowing us to compare how each treatment influenced recovery.
Participants were given either 5 days of oseltamivir followed by placebo or a 10-day regimen of Echinaforce Hotdrink. By evaluating the proportion of patients who reported their symptoms as absent or mild, we aimed to determine if Echinacea could hold its own against the established antiviral treatment.
Remarkably, we found that Echinaforce Hotdrink was comparable in effectiveness to oseltamivir. Not only did it demonstrate a similar level of symptom relief, but it also seemed to come with a lower risk of complications and adverse effects. This positions Echinacea as a promising option for those seeking natural self-care solutions when facing influenza.
Participants were given either 5 days of oseltamivir followed by placebo or a 10-day regimen of Echinaforce Hotdrink. By evaluating the proportion of patients who reported their symptoms as absent or mild, we aimed to determine if Echinacea could hold its own against the established antiviral treatment.
Remarkably, we found that Echinaforce Hotdrink was comparable in effectiveness to oseltamivir. Not only did it demonstrate a similar level of symptom relief, but it also seemed to come with a lower risk of complications and adverse effects. This positions Echinacea as a promising option for those seeking natural self-care solutions when facing influenza.
Read More
9
Echinacea's potential against influenza
We delved into the potential of Echinacea purpurea, particularly its standardized extract, to combat influenza viruses. Given concerns about the effectiveness and availability of traditional antiviral treatments like vaccines and medications, especially during outbreaks, our study aimed to understand how this herbal remedy might serve as a helpful alternative.
Through our research, we found that Echinacea was effective in inactivating various strains of the influenza virus, including the highly pathogenic avian influenza and swine-origin H1N1. The extract worked at doses that were close to what is usually recommended for oral intake, showing that even lower concentrations could also have a significant effect.
Interestingly, one of the key findings was that Echinacea appears to disrupt the virus’s ability to enter cells. This means that taking Echinacea could potentially prevent the virus from spreading within the body. Moreover, unlike some antiviral drugs that can lead to resistant strains of the virus, no resistant variants appeared when testing Echinacea. This suggests that it might offer a reliable alternative without the risk of creating drug-resistant viruses.
Overall, we believe that incorporating a standardized Echinacea preparation into flu prevention strategies could be a valuable and cost-effective addition to existing options. It provides another tool in our fight against influenza, reinforcing the importance of exploring natural remedies alongside traditional treatments.
Through our research, we found that Echinacea was effective in inactivating various strains of the influenza virus, including the highly pathogenic avian influenza and swine-origin H1N1. The extract worked at doses that were close to what is usually recommended for oral intake, showing that even lower concentrations could also have a significant effect.
Interestingly, one of the key findings was that Echinacea appears to disrupt the virus’s ability to enter cells. This means that taking Echinacea could potentially prevent the virus from spreading within the body. Moreover, unlike some antiviral drugs that can lead to resistant strains of the virus, no resistant variants appeared when testing Echinacea. This suggests that it might offer a reliable alternative without the risk of creating drug-resistant viruses.
Overall, we believe that incorporating a standardized Echinacea preparation into flu prevention strategies could be a valuable and cost-effective addition to existing options. It provides another tool in our fight against influenza, reinforcing the importance of exploring natural remedies alongside traditional treatments.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
7.5
Effective for influenza
5 people found this helpful
Even when I felt uncomfortable in my throat and feverish, I took two tablets in the morning and evening and felt much better. This echinacea product is the most effective I've tried. It works well during influenza season or whenever I'm unwell.
Read More
9
Powerful immune support
4 people found this helpful
Echinacea is a fantastic product for those with weakened immunity! Clinical studies confirm it acts as an antibiotic and is a potent stimulant for the immune system. It’s beneficial for treating influenza and other infections. Echinacea inhibits the growth of various bacteria and aids in inflammatory conditions.
Read More
7.5
Excellent for influenza
3 people found this helpful
An excellent herb for influenza, urinary tract, and prostate infections in men, as well as for urine burning.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 14 Researches
7.8
- All Researches
9
Echinacea shows promise against influenza
We focused on how echinacea, a well-known wildflower, can combat viruses that commonly cause respiratory infections, specifically influenza A and B, as well as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Through a methodical approach, we evaluated the effects of a 60% ethanol extract of echinacea and its active compound, chicoric acid (CA), on these viruses.
Our research utilized various tests to measure the antiviral effectiveness of echinacea. We observed that both the extract and chicoric acid significantly reduced the infectivity of H1N1, IVB, and RSV-A in controlled experiments. Notably, our findings indicated a decrease in viral gene expression and confirmed through microscopy that echinacea's components could limit the ability of these viruses to infect host cells.
Additionally, we found that echinacea's extract and chicoric acid effectively hindered the attachment of H1N1 and IVB viruses to cell receptors, showcasing their potential utility in preventing these viral infections. With this strong set of results, we believe that echinacea could serve as a promising natural remedy or ingredient in functional health foods aimed at reducing the impact of viral respiratory infections.
Our research utilized various tests to measure the antiviral effectiveness of echinacea. We observed that both the extract and chicoric acid significantly reduced the infectivity of H1N1, IVB, and RSV-A in controlled experiments. Notably, our findings indicated a decrease in viral gene expression and confirmed through microscopy that echinacea's components could limit the ability of these viruses to infect host cells.
Additionally, we found that echinacea's extract and chicoric acid effectively hindered the attachment of H1N1 and IVB viruses to cell receptors, showcasing their potential utility in preventing these viral infections. With this strong set of results, we believe that echinacea could serve as a promising natural remedy or ingredient in functional health foods aimed at reducing the impact of viral respiratory infections.
Read More
9
We investigated how a commercial product called Immulant, which contains Echinacea and Nigella sativa, impacts the immune response to the H9N2 avian influenza virus in stressed chickens. The study involved several experimental groups including vaccinated and non-vaccinated chickens, some of which were also given dexamethasone to induce stress, while others received Immulant.
After administering Immulant for six weeks following vaccination, we observed significant improvements in various health markers compared to those chickens that did not receive it. Specifically, Immulant showed promise in boosting the immune response after vaccination, enhancing protection against the virus, and reducing stress-induced effects.
The findings suggest that incorporating such herbal treatments could be beneficial for poultry health, particularly in enhancing vaccine efficacy in stressful conditions. This could be an important consideration for poultry farmers looking to bolster their flocks' defenses against influenza.
After administering Immulant for six weeks following vaccination, we observed significant improvements in various health markers compared to those chickens that did not receive it. Specifically, Immulant showed promise in boosting the immune response after vaccination, enhancing protection against the virus, and reducing stress-induced effects.
The findings suggest that incorporating such herbal treatments could be beneficial for poultry health, particularly in enhancing vaccine efficacy in stressful conditions. This could be an important consideration for poultry farmers looking to bolster their flocks' defenses against influenza.
Read More
9
Echinacea reduces influenza complications
We assessed how Echinacea purpurea, an herbal medicine, affects influenza virus A infections, especially regarding bacterial infections that can follow. Our focus was on the way Echinacea might help mitigate complications caused by influenza, such as pneumonia or bronchitis, which can occur when the viral infection makes the airways more susceptible to bacteria.
Through our research, we learned that when bronchial cells are infected with the influenza virus, they become more attractive to harmful bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus. This happens due to an increase in certain surface receptors on the cells, which are like welcoming signs for these bacteria. However, when we introduced Echinacea, we observed a significant reduction in the expression of these receptors, thus preventing bacteria from adhering to the cells.
Additionally, Echinacea appeared to help keep inflammation in check. By reducing the levels of inflammatory markers and certain pathways that lead to inflammation, it potentially lowers the risk of severe respiratory complications. Our findings suggest that Echinacea purpurea could play a crucial role not only in supporting the immune response against influenza but also in reducing the chances of secondary bacterial infections.
Through our research, we learned that when bronchial cells are infected with the influenza virus, they become more attractive to harmful bacteria like Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus. This happens due to an increase in certain surface receptors on the cells, which are like welcoming signs for these bacteria. However, when we introduced Echinacea, we observed a significant reduction in the expression of these receptors, thus preventing bacteria from adhering to the cells.
Additionally, Echinacea appeared to help keep inflammation in check. By reducing the levels of inflammatory markers and certain pathways that lead to inflammation, it potentially lowers the risk of severe respiratory complications. Our findings suggest that Echinacea purpurea could play a crucial role not only in supporting the immune response against influenza but also in reducing the chances of secondary bacterial infections.
Read More
9
Echinacea shows effectiveness against influenza
We conducted a well-structured clinical trial to scrutinize the effectiveness of a new Echinacea formulation, named Echinaforce Hotdrink, against oseltamivir, a widely recognized antiviral medication for influenza. This study involved 473 patients who had early symptoms of the flu, allowing us to compare how each treatment influenced recovery.
Participants were given either 5 days of oseltamivir followed by placebo or a 10-day regimen of Echinaforce Hotdrink. By evaluating the proportion of patients who reported their symptoms as absent or mild, we aimed to determine if Echinacea could hold its own against the established antiviral treatment.
Remarkably, we found that Echinaforce Hotdrink was comparable in effectiveness to oseltamivir. Not only did it demonstrate a similar level of symptom relief, but it also seemed to come with a lower risk of complications and adverse effects. This positions Echinacea as a promising option for those seeking natural self-care solutions when facing influenza.
Participants were given either 5 days of oseltamivir followed by placebo or a 10-day regimen of Echinaforce Hotdrink. By evaluating the proportion of patients who reported their symptoms as absent or mild, we aimed to determine if Echinacea could hold its own against the established antiviral treatment.
Remarkably, we found that Echinaforce Hotdrink was comparable in effectiveness to oseltamivir. Not only did it demonstrate a similar level of symptom relief, but it also seemed to come with a lower risk of complications and adverse effects. This positions Echinacea as a promising option for those seeking natural self-care solutions when facing influenza.
Read More
9
Echinacea's potential against influenza
We delved into the potential of Echinacea purpurea, particularly its standardized extract, to combat influenza viruses. Given concerns about the effectiveness and availability of traditional antiviral treatments like vaccines and medications, especially during outbreaks, our study aimed to understand how this herbal remedy might serve as a helpful alternative.
Through our research, we found that Echinacea was effective in inactivating various strains of the influenza virus, including the highly pathogenic avian influenza and swine-origin H1N1. The extract worked at doses that were close to what is usually recommended for oral intake, showing that even lower concentrations could also have a significant effect.
Interestingly, one of the key findings was that Echinacea appears to disrupt the virus’s ability to enter cells. This means that taking Echinacea could potentially prevent the virus from spreading within the body. Moreover, unlike some antiviral drugs that can lead to resistant strains of the virus, no resistant variants appeared when testing Echinacea. This suggests that it might offer a reliable alternative without the risk of creating drug-resistant viruses.
Overall, we believe that incorporating a standardized Echinacea preparation into flu prevention strategies could be a valuable and cost-effective addition to existing options. It provides another tool in our fight against influenza, reinforcing the importance of exploring natural remedies alongside traditional treatments.
Through our research, we found that Echinacea was effective in inactivating various strains of the influenza virus, including the highly pathogenic avian influenza and swine-origin H1N1. The extract worked at doses that were close to what is usually recommended for oral intake, showing that even lower concentrations could also have a significant effect.
Interestingly, one of the key findings was that Echinacea appears to disrupt the virus’s ability to enter cells. This means that taking Echinacea could potentially prevent the virus from spreading within the body. Moreover, unlike some antiviral drugs that can lead to resistant strains of the virus, no resistant variants appeared when testing Echinacea. This suggests that it might offer a reliable alternative without the risk of creating drug-resistant viruses.
Overall, we believe that incorporating a standardized Echinacea preparation into flu prevention strategies could be a valuable and cost-effective addition to existing options. It provides another tool in our fight against influenza, reinforcing the importance of exploring natural remedies alongside traditional treatments.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 9 Reviews
8.3
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
7.5
Effective for influenza
5 people found this helpful
Even when I felt uncomfortable in my throat and feverish, I took two tablets in the morning and evening and felt much better. This echinacea product is the most effective I've tried. It works well during influenza season or whenever I'm unwell.
Read More
9
Powerful immune support
4 people found this helpful
Echinacea is a fantastic product for those with weakened immunity! Clinical studies confirm it acts as an antibiotic and is a potent stimulant for the immune system. It’s beneficial for treating influenza and other infections. Echinacea inhibits the growth of various bacteria and aids in inflammatory conditions.
Read More
7.5
Excellent for influenza
3 people found this helpful
An excellent herb for influenza, urinary tract, and prostate infections in men, as well as for urine burning.
Read More
9
Supports natural immunity
1 people found this helpful
The echinacea herb significantly boosts the immune system in winter, especially for colds and influenza. I recommend it highly.
Read More
7.5
Improved immunity
1 people found this helpful
I will repurchase this. It’s influenza season, and I was often ill. A colleague recommended Echinacea Purpurea Herb, which I started taking. So far, I feel better and am not getting sick as often.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
7.5
Effective for influenza
5 people found this helpful
Even when I felt uncomfortable in my throat and feverish, I took two tablets in the morning and evening and felt much better. This echinacea product is the most effective I've tried. It works well during influenza season or whenever I'm unwell.
7.5
Improved immunity
1 people found this helpful
I will repurchase this. It’s influenza season, and I was often ill. A colleague recommended Echinacea Purpurea Herb, which I started taking. So far, I feel better and am not getting sick as often.
7.5
Reduces cold severity
1 people found this helpful
Prominent Echinacea herb has both benefits and drawbacks. I use it for influenza and find it useful for reducing the severity of colds if taken early. When feeling ill, I take three pills daily but avoid using it for longer than ten days. Everyone should know their own body.
9
Powerful immune support
4 people found this helpful
Echinacea is a fantastic product for those with weakened immunity! Clinical studies confirm it acts as an antibiotic and is a potent stimulant for the immune system. It’s beneficial for treating influenza and other infections. Echinacea inhibits the growth of various bacteria and aids in inflammatory conditions.
9
Supports natural immunity
1 people found this helpful
The echinacea herb significantly boosts the immune system in winter, especially for colds and influenza. I recommend it highly.
7.5
Effective for corona
1 people found this helpful
I’ve heard that Echinacea is not only effective for influenza but also for corona. I particularly enjoy it with juniper berries.
9
Echinacea shows promise against influenza
We focused on how echinacea, a well-known wildflower, can combat viruses that commonly cause respiratory infections, specifically influenza A and B, as well as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Through a methodical approach, we evaluated the effects of a 60% ethanol extract of echinacea and its active compound, chicoric acid (CA), on these viruses.
Our research utilized various tests to measure the antiviral effectiveness of echinacea. We observed that both the extract and chicoric acid significantly reduced the infectivity of H1N1, IVB, and RSV-A in controlled experiments. Notably, our findings indicated a decrease in viral gene expression and confirmed through microscopy that echinacea's components could limit the ability of these viruses to infect host cells.
Additionally, we found that echinacea's extract and chicoric acid effectively hindered the attachment of H1N1 and IVB viruses to cell receptors, showcasing their potential utility in preventing these viral infections. With this strong set of results, we believe that echinacea could serve as a promising natural remedy or ingredient in functional health foods aimed at reducing the impact of viral respiratory infections.
Our research utilized various tests to measure the antiviral effectiveness of echinacea. We observed that both the extract and chicoric acid significantly reduced the infectivity of H1N1, IVB, and RSV-A in controlled experiments. Notably, our findings indicated a decrease in viral gene expression and confirmed through microscopy that echinacea's components could limit the ability of these viruses to infect host cells.
Additionally, we found that echinacea's extract and chicoric acid effectively hindered the attachment of H1N1 and IVB viruses to cell receptors, showcasing their potential utility in preventing these viral infections. With this strong set of results, we believe that echinacea could serve as a promising natural remedy or ingredient in functional health foods aimed at reducing the impact of viral respiratory infections.
8
We explored how Echinacea can help prevent influenza and lessen the need for antibiotics in children. In a well-structured study, children aged 4 to 12 received either Echinacea or vitamin C as a control. Over several weeks, parents tracked respiratory symptoms and collected samples to identify pathogens.
The results were promising. Echinacea treatment resulted in significantly fewer cold days—429 days in children taking Echinacea compared to 602 in those taking vitamin C. We observed that Echinacea reduced the occurrence of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) by 32.5%, leading to fewer antibiotic treatments required for children.
Specifically, only six children on Echinacea needed antibiotics, whereas 15 in the vitamin C group did. The study also revealed that Echinacea effectively prevented influenza infections, with only three cases detected compared to 20 in the control group. These findings emphasize Echinacea's potential as a natural option for managing illnesses in children while also reducing antibiotic dependency. Overall, Echinacea appears to be a beneficial supplement for respiratory health in children.
The results were promising. Echinacea treatment resulted in significantly fewer cold days—429 days in children taking Echinacea compared to 602 in those taking vitamin C. We observed that Echinacea reduced the occurrence of respiratory tract infections (RTIs) by 32.5%, leading to fewer antibiotic treatments required for children.
Specifically, only six children on Echinacea needed antibiotics, whereas 15 in the vitamin C group did. The study also revealed that Echinacea effectively prevented influenza infections, with only three cases detected compared to 20 in the control group. These findings emphasize Echinacea's potential as a natural option for managing illnesses in children while also reducing antibiotic dependency. Overall, Echinacea appears to be a beneficial supplement for respiratory health in children.
4
We set out to understand how Echinacea purpurea, a commonly used herbal remedy, influences influenza infections. Our study involved mice that were infected with the WSN strain of influenza A. Some of these mice received a polysaccharide extract from E. purpurea, while others did not, allowing us to compare the outcomes effectively.
The findings revealed that mice treated with E. purpurea experienced less weight loss compared to untreated ones. However, interestingly, the viral load in their lungs remained consistent between both groups. This indicates that Echinacea does not have a direct antiviral effect against the influenza virus.
We also observed that the treated mice had lower levels of certain inflammatory substances, including KC and IL-10, which are associated with immune responses, along with reduced systemic IFN-gamma levels. These changes suggest that Echinacea purpurea may help manage the effects of influenza by modulating cytokines rather than through direct antiviral action.
This study provides valuable insights into how Echinacea can influence the course of influenza infection in mice, although it does not demonstrate an outright cure or direct efficacy against the virus itself.
The findings revealed that mice treated with E. purpurea experienced less weight loss compared to untreated ones. However, interestingly, the viral load in their lungs remained consistent between both groups. This indicates that Echinacea does not have a direct antiviral effect against the influenza virus.
We also observed that the treated mice had lower levels of certain inflammatory substances, including KC and IL-10, which are associated with immune responses, along with reduced systemic IFN-gamma levels. These changes suggest that Echinacea purpurea may help manage the effects of influenza by modulating cytokines rather than through direct antiviral action.
This study provides valuable insights into how Echinacea can influence the course of influenza infection in mice, although it does not demonstrate an outright cure or direct efficacy against the virus itself.
7
We explored the potential of Echinacea purpurea as a natural treatment for influenza A virus (IAV). The research highlighted its effectiveness in preventing the entry or binding of the virus to host cells. This means that Echinacea could potentially stop the virus before it has a chance to invade and multiply within our bodies.
Several studies indicate that while Echinacea shows promise, it should be seen as part of a broader approach to combating IAV. We also noted that other plant extracts, like Silybum marianum and Scutellaria baicalensis, were noted for their antiviral effects, but Echinacea specifically works by blocking the virus's access to cells.
Overall, we found that there is a foundation for considering Echinacea as a complementary therapy for influenza, but further research is needed to fully understand its capabilities and to develop specific treatments. We should be cautious about relying solely on Echinacea, as the fight against flu viruses often requires a multifaceted strategy.
Several studies indicate that while Echinacea shows promise, it should be seen as part of a broader approach to combating IAV. We also noted that other plant extracts, like Silybum marianum and Scutellaria baicalensis, were noted for their antiviral effects, but Echinacea specifically works by blocking the virus's access to cells.
Overall, we found that there is a foundation for considering Echinacea as a complementary therapy for influenza, but further research is needed to fully understand its capabilities and to develop specific treatments. We should be cautious about relying solely on Echinacea, as the fight against flu viruses often requires a multifaceted strategy.
References
- Arumugam H, Wong KH, Low ZY, Lal S, Choo WS. Plant extracts as a source of antiviral agents against influenza A virus. J Appl Microbiol. 2025. doi:10.1093/jambio/lxaf056
- Lee SK, Lee DR, Min DE, Park SH, Kim DG, et al. Ethanolic Extract from (L.) Moench Inhibits Influenza A/B and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection : Preventive Agent for Viral Respiratory Infections. Prev Nutr Food Sci. 2024;29:332. doi:10.3746/pnf.2024.29.3.332
- Wang X, Chen J, Chan Y, Li S, Li M, et al. Effect of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench and its extracts on the immunization outcome of avian influenza vaccine in broilers. J Ethnopharmacol. 2024;319:117306. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2023.117306
- Ogal M, Johnston SL, Klein P, Schoop R. Echinacea reduces antibiotic usage in children through respiratory tract infection prevention: a randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial. Eur J Med Res. 2021;26:33. doi:10.1186/s40001-021-00499-6
- Eladl AH, Arafat N, El-Shafei RA, Farag VM, Saleh RM, et al. Comparative immune response and pathogenicity of the H9N2 avian influenza virus after administration of Immulant, based on Echinacea and Nigella sativa, in stressed chickens. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2019;65:165. doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2019.05.017
- Razin MAF, Osman A, Ali MA, Bahgat MM, Maghraby AS. Immune responses to killed reassorted influenza virus supplemented with natural adjuvants. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung. 2017;64:313. doi:10.1556/030.64.2017.011
- Vimalanathan S, Schoop R, Suter A, Hudson J. Prevention of influenza virus induced bacterial superinfection by standardized Echinacea purpurea, via regulation of surface receptor expression in human bronchial epithelial cells. Virus Res. 2017;233:51. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2017.03.006
- Rauš K, Pleschka S, Klein P, Schoop R, Fisher P. Effect of an Echinacea-Based Hot Drink Versus Oseltamivir in Influenza Treatment: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Multicenter, Noninferiority Clinical Trial. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2015;77:66. doi:10.1016/j.curtheres.2015.04.001
- Di Pierro F, Rapacioli G, Ferrara T, Togni S. Use of a standardized extract from Echinacea angustifolia (Polinacea) for the prevention of respiratory tract infections. Altern Med Rev. 2012;17:36.
- Cech NB, Kandhi V, Davis JM, Hamilton A, Eads D, et al. Echinacea and its alkylamides: effects on the influenza A-induced secretion of cytokines, chemokines, and PGE₂ from RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells. Int Immunopharmacol. 2010;10:1268. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2010.07.009
- Fusco D, Liu X, Savage C, Taur Y, Xiao W, et al. Echinacea purpurea aerial extract alters course of influenza infection in mice. Vaccine. 2010;28:3956. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.03.047
- Pleschka S, Stein M, Schoop R, Hudson JB. Anti-viral properties and mode of action of standardized Echinacea purpurea extract against highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1, H7N7) and swine-origin H1N1 (S-OIV). Virol J. 2009;6:197. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-6-197
- Senchina DS, Wu L, Flinn GN, Konopka del N, McCoy JA, et al. Year-and-a-half old, dried Echinacea roots retain cytokine-modulating capabilities in an in vitro human older adult model of influenza vaccination. Planta Med. 2006;72:1207.
- Bodinet C, Mentel R, Wegner U, Lindequist U, Teuscher E, et al. Effect of oral application of an immunomodulating plant extract on Influenza virus type A infection in mice. Planta Med. 2002;68:896.
