Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 12 Researches
7.4
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 7 Reviews
8.3
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 3 Soft Gels
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Calories
35
Total Fat
3 g
4%
Saturated Fat
0.5 g
3%
Trans Fat
0 g
†
Cholesterol
15 mg
5%
Vitamin A
30 mcg RAE
3%
Total Omega-3s
750 mg
†
EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)
240 mg
†
DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid)
360 mg
†
Other Omega-3s
150 mg
†
Top Medical Research Studies
9
Fish oil improves knee function
We explored how fish oil, rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), can impact knee pain, particularly for those suffering from osteoarthritis. In our study, we involved 75 participants, divided into three groups, each taking either 1,000 mg or 2,000 mg of fish oil daily for eight weeks. We carefully measured their knee pain and walking abilities before and after the supplementation.
The results were encouraging. Those who took fish oil reported notable improvements in knee performance and function compared to a control group. On a satisfaction scale, the average score was an impressive 9.06 out of 10! While most participants experienced the benefits of fish oil without complications, there was one case of hematuria that was unrelated to the treatment.
Overall, our findings suggest that taking 1,000 to 2,000 mg of fish oil daily can significantly enhance knee performance and is safe for individuals with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis. However, it’s worth noting that increasing the dose beyond 1,000 mg didn't yield greater benefits.
The results were encouraging. Those who took fish oil reported notable improvements in knee performance and function compared to a control group. On a satisfaction scale, the average score was an impressive 9.06 out of 10! While most participants experienced the benefits of fish oil without complications, there was one case of hematuria that was unrelated to the treatment.
Overall, our findings suggest that taking 1,000 to 2,000 mg of fish oil daily can significantly enhance knee performance and is safe for individuals with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis. However, it’s worth noting that increasing the dose beyond 1,000 mg didn't yield greater benefits.
Read More
We explored the impacts of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, on knee pain and inflammation in a mouse model of knee arthritis. Our objective was to see if DHA could ease spontaneous pain, reduce swelling, and improve mobility in mice that had been induced with arthritis using Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA).
Starting fifteen days after the initial injections, we administered oral DHA in various dosages daily, as well as intraarticular DHA twice a week. We then looked at how these treatments affected spontaneous pain-related behaviors, such as flinching in the injured leg, alongside measurements of knee swelling and overall activity levels. We also investigated whether DHA's effects involved the body's opioid receptors by introducing naloxone, an opioid antagonist.
The results were promising: our findings indicate that DHA significantly reduced pain and inflammation, contributing to improved mobility in the mice. This marks a noteworthy advancement, as it highlights the potential of DHA in managing joint pain and inflammation, particularly in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Overall, we suggest that DHA treatment could be a valuable option for those suffering from painful arthritic symptoms.
Starting fifteen days after the initial injections, we administered oral DHA in various dosages daily, as well as intraarticular DHA twice a week. We then looked at how these treatments affected spontaneous pain-related behaviors, such as flinching in the injured leg, alongside measurements of knee swelling and overall activity levels. We also investigated whether DHA's effects involved the body's opioid receptors by introducing naloxone, an opioid antagonist.
The results were promising: our findings indicate that DHA significantly reduced pain and inflammation, contributing to improved mobility in the mice. This marks a noteworthy advancement, as it highlights the potential of DHA in managing joint pain and inflammation, particularly in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Overall, we suggest that DHA treatment could be a valuable option for those suffering from painful arthritic symptoms.
Read More
7
We set out to investigate how a compound called 17-HDHA, a precursor to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), influences knee pain in people suffering from osteoarthritis. Our research involved two groups: healthy volunteers and individuals with knee osteoarthritis.
We measured levels of 17-HDHA and several other resolvins in participants and assessed their heat pain sensitivity as well as their knee pain. Interestingly, we found that higher levels of 17-HDHA were linked to increased heat pain thresholds, meaning individuals felt less pain when exposed to heat. Moreover, knee osteoarthritis patients with higher levels of 17-HDHA reported lower pain scores, suggesting a potential analgesic effect.
However, it's important to note that the other resolvins tested, including D-series and E-series resolvins, did not show a significant association with either heat pain sensitivity or osteoarthritis pain. Additionally, the effects of 17-HDHA appeared to be independent of DHA levels in the body. This suggests that 17-HDHA itself may play a crucial role in managing knee pain in osteoarthritis patients.
We measured levels of 17-HDHA and several other resolvins in participants and assessed their heat pain sensitivity as well as their knee pain. Interestingly, we found that higher levels of 17-HDHA were linked to increased heat pain thresholds, meaning individuals felt less pain when exposed to heat. Moreover, knee osteoarthritis patients with higher levels of 17-HDHA reported lower pain scores, suggesting a potential analgesic effect.
However, it's important to note that the other resolvins tested, including D-series and E-series resolvins, did not show a significant association with either heat pain sensitivity or osteoarthritis pain. Additionally, the effects of 17-HDHA appeared to be independent of DHA levels in the body. This suggests that 17-HDHA itself may play a crucial role in managing knee pain in osteoarthritis patients.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Joint pain relief
4 people found this helpful
I had been using Nordic liquid cod liver oil, which made me gag upon opening the bottle. I know CLO helps with inflammation and pain, but taking it became difficult, and I hardly used a formula I knew was beneficial. After switching to cod liver oil gel caps and taking 2-3 daily, I realised how much better I felt. My knees no longer ache, my joints feel improved, and I don't experience fish burps or digestive issues from the capsules. I take one with breakfast, one with dinner, and at times one with lunch. The benefits of cod liver oil are clear, and swallowing pills is much easier than the oily liquid.
Read More
7.5
Knee crunching resolved
3 people found this helpful
Fine! We are committed to this particular Omega brand after trying cheaper options that failed to show any benefits. This Omega has no unpleasant odour, and I do not experience fish belching, which is a huge plus. Although it's early to tell, after a month of use, the crunching in my knees has vanished. I believe this omega is effective. Additionally, the tingling in my heart has stopped, indicating general improvements.
Read More
9
Knee pain resolved
Fixed the pain in my knee.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 12 Researches
7.4
- All Researches
9
Eicosapentaenoic Acid Reduces Knee Pain
We conducted a study to investigate how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a component of omega-3 fatty acids, impacts knee pain in healthy adults over the age of 40 with persistent discomfort. The study was structured as a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial, which means that participants were assigned to either an EPA product or a placebo without knowing which they were receiving.
Over eight weeks, we observed four different groups: those taking pure EPA, those on a blend of EPA and another supplement, those on just the other supplement, and a placebo group. Our findings revealed that participants who consumed the EPA-based product experienced significant reductions in pain as measured by a visual analog scale (VAS), with the most noticeable improvements at the end of the eight weeks.
Additionally, the use of EPA seemed to enhance the quality of life by improving overall function and even aiding in better sleep quality. We also noted that the time taken to complete mobility tasks improved after the use of the EPA product. All participants reported safety, making EPA an appealing option for managing knee pain.
However, it’s important to note that the study included a combination of supplements, making it difficult to isolate the specific effects of just the eicosapentaenoic acid. Despite this, we feel confident in stating that incorporating EPA could be beneficial for those struggling with knee pain.
Over eight weeks, we observed four different groups: those taking pure EPA, those on a blend of EPA and another supplement, those on just the other supplement, and a placebo group. Our findings revealed that participants who consumed the EPA-based product experienced significant reductions in pain as measured by a visual analog scale (VAS), with the most noticeable improvements at the end of the eight weeks.
Additionally, the use of EPA seemed to enhance the quality of life by improving overall function and even aiding in better sleep quality. We also noted that the time taken to complete mobility tasks improved after the use of the EPA product. All participants reported safety, making EPA an appealing option for managing knee pain.
However, it’s important to note that the study included a combination of supplements, making it difficult to isolate the specific effects of just the eicosapentaenoic acid. Despite this, we feel confident in stating that incorporating EPA could be beneficial for those struggling with knee pain.
Read More
9
We conducted a comprehensive study involving 177 patients with moderate to severe osteoarthritis (OA) affecting their hips or knees. Over 26 weeks, participants were divided into two groups. One group received glucosamine sulfate combined with omega-3 fatty acids, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The other group was treated with glucosamine sulfate alone.
Our main focus was to determine whether the combined treatment provided any notable benefits over glucosamine alone when it came to easing knee pain. We used the WOMAC score to assess pain, stiffness, and overall function in the participants. When we looked at the significant reduction of pain, more than 92% from both groups experienced some relief, but the combination treatment showed a higher response rate of 44%, compared to 32% in the glucosamine-only group.
Although both treatments appeared safe over the study duration, the statistical differences indicate that adding omega-3s can be beneficial for those specifically hoping for greater relief. We also noted that symptoms like morning stiffness and knee pain showed improvements, with greater reductions in the group taking the combination treatment. This suggests that eicosapentaenoic acid may provide added value in managing knee pain due to osteoarthritis, particularly for patients looking to maximize their treatment benefits.
Our main focus was to determine whether the combined treatment provided any notable benefits over glucosamine alone when it came to easing knee pain. We used the WOMAC score to assess pain, stiffness, and overall function in the participants. When we looked at the significant reduction of pain, more than 92% from both groups experienced some relief, but the combination treatment showed a higher response rate of 44%, compared to 32% in the glucosamine-only group.
Although both treatments appeared safe over the study duration, the statistical differences indicate that adding omega-3s can be beneficial for those specifically hoping for greater relief. We also noted that symptoms like morning stiffness and knee pain showed improvements, with greater reductions in the group taking the combination treatment. This suggests that eicosapentaenoic acid may provide added value in managing knee pain due to osteoarthritis, particularly for patients looking to maximize their treatment benefits.
Read More
9
Fish oil improves knee function
We explored how fish oil, rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), can impact knee pain, particularly for those suffering from osteoarthritis. In our study, we involved 75 participants, divided into three groups, each taking either 1,000 mg or 2,000 mg of fish oil daily for eight weeks. We carefully measured their knee pain and walking abilities before and after the supplementation.
The results were encouraging. Those who took fish oil reported notable improvements in knee performance and function compared to a control group. On a satisfaction scale, the average score was an impressive 9.06 out of 10! While most participants experienced the benefits of fish oil without complications, there was one case of hematuria that was unrelated to the treatment.
Overall, our findings suggest that taking 1,000 to 2,000 mg of fish oil daily can significantly enhance knee performance and is safe for individuals with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis. However, it’s worth noting that increasing the dose beyond 1,000 mg didn't yield greater benefits.
The results were encouraging. Those who took fish oil reported notable improvements in knee performance and function compared to a control group. On a satisfaction scale, the average score was an impressive 9.06 out of 10! While most participants experienced the benefits of fish oil without complications, there was one case of hematuria that was unrelated to the treatment.
Overall, our findings suggest that taking 1,000 to 2,000 mg of fish oil daily can significantly enhance knee performance and is safe for individuals with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis. However, it’s worth noting that increasing the dose beyond 1,000 mg didn't yield greater benefits.
Read More
We explored the impacts of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, on knee pain and inflammation in a mouse model of knee arthritis. Our objective was to see if DHA could ease spontaneous pain, reduce swelling, and improve mobility in mice that had been induced with arthritis using Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA).
Starting fifteen days after the initial injections, we administered oral DHA in various dosages daily, as well as intraarticular DHA twice a week. We then looked at how these treatments affected spontaneous pain-related behaviors, such as flinching in the injured leg, alongside measurements of knee swelling and overall activity levels. We also investigated whether DHA's effects involved the body's opioid receptors by introducing naloxone, an opioid antagonist.
The results were promising: our findings indicate that DHA significantly reduced pain and inflammation, contributing to improved mobility in the mice. This marks a noteworthy advancement, as it highlights the potential of DHA in managing joint pain and inflammation, particularly in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Overall, we suggest that DHA treatment could be a valuable option for those suffering from painful arthritic symptoms.
Starting fifteen days after the initial injections, we administered oral DHA in various dosages daily, as well as intraarticular DHA twice a week. We then looked at how these treatments affected spontaneous pain-related behaviors, such as flinching in the injured leg, alongside measurements of knee swelling and overall activity levels. We also investigated whether DHA's effects involved the body's opioid receptors by introducing naloxone, an opioid antagonist.
The results were promising: our findings indicate that DHA significantly reduced pain and inflammation, contributing to improved mobility in the mice. This marks a noteworthy advancement, as it highlights the potential of DHA in managing joint pain and inflammation, particularly in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Overall, we suggest that DHA treatment could be a valuable option for those suffering from painful arthritic symptoms.
Read More
8
We explored the potential benefits of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) combined with l-serine in relieving chronic low-back and knee pain among adults. In a well-structured randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we followed 120 participants who suffered from pain for over three months. They were divided into two groups: one received daily doses of 594 mg of l-serine and 149 mg of EPA, while the other group was given a placebo.
After eight weeks of treatment and a four-week follow-up, we observed pain relief improvements reported through various questionnaires. The results indicated that the combination of l-serine and EPA was effective in reducing pain in the lower back and knees, highlighting the significance of these components in managing chronic pain conditions. Though EPA was part of a combination treatment, its anti-inflammatory properties may offer a promising avenue for individuals suffering from knee pain specifically.
Our findings provide an encouraging perspective for those seeking alternatives for pain management. While the study combined l-serine with EPA, it became evident that these ingredients together can lead to meaningful relief for patients with persistent knee pain.
After eight weeks of treatment and a four-week follow-up, we observed pain relief improvements reported through various questionnaires. The results indicated that the combination of l-serine and EPA was effective in reducing pain in the lower back and knees, highlighting the significance of these components in managing chronic pain conditions. Though EPA was part of a combination treatment, its anti-inflammatory properties may offer a promising avenue for individuals suffering from knee pain specifically.
Our findings provide an encouraging perspective for those seeking alternatives for pain management. While the study combined l-serine with EPA, it became evident that these ingredients together can lead to meaningful relief for patients with persistent knee pain.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 7 Reviews
8.3
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
9
Joint pain relief
4 people found this helpful
I had been using Nordic liquid cod liver oil, which made me gag upon opening the bottle. I know CLO helps with inflammation and pain, but taking it became difficult, and I hardly used a formula I knew was beneficial. After switching to cod liver oil gel caps and taking 2-3 daily, I realised how much better I felt. My knees no longer ache, my joints feel improved, and I don't experience fish burps or digestive issues from the capsules. I take one with breakfast, one with dinner, and at times one with lunch. The benefits of cod liver oil are clear, and swallowing pills is much easier than the oily liquid.
Read More
7.5
Knee crunching resolved
3 people found this helpful
Fine! We are committed to this particular Omega brand after trying cheaper options that failed to show any benefits. This Omega has no unpleasant odour, and I do not experience fish belching, which is a huge plus. Although it's early to tell, after a month of use, the crunching in my knees has vanished. I believe this omega is effective. Additionally, the tingling in my heart has stopped, indicating general improvements.
Read More
9
Knee pain resolved
Fixed the pain in my knee.
Read More
7.5
Arthritis pain minimal
Great product! This is an awesome product. I didn't start taking it for arthritis, but within two weeks, my arthritis pain became minimal and only occasional. I've recommended this product to several people.
Read More
7.5
Reduced joint pain
1 people found this helpful
No cod liver oil taste! I've been taking this for some time and was waiting for that awful flavour to return, but it hasn't! Fantastic! Plus, the health benefits are clear; I've felt a reduction in joint pain with the CLO.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
7.5
Arthritis pain minimal
Great product! This is an awesome product. I didn't start taking it for arthritis, but within two weeks, my arthritis pain became minimal and only occasional. I've recommended this product to several people.
7.5
Knee crunching resolved
3 people found this helpful
Fine! We are committed to this particular Omega brand after trying cheaper options that failed to show any benefits. This Omega has no unpleasant odour, and I do not experience fish belching, which is a huge plus. Although it's early to tell, after a month of use, the crunching in my knees has vanished. I believe this omega is effective. Additionally, the tingling in my heart has stopped, indicating general improvements.
6
Joint pain eased
The quality is excellent, with carefully extracted ingredients. The dosage is three pills a day, but I take only two. My joint pain has eased, although I haven't noticed any difference in my memory. It takes three months to complete the cycle. The taste is marvellous.
9
Joint pain relief
4 people found this helpful
I had been using Nordic liquid cod liver oil, which made me gag upon opening the bottle. I know CLO helps with inflammation and pain, but taking it became difficult, and I hardly used a formula I knew was beneficial. After switching to cod liver oil gel caps and taking 2-3 daily, I realised how much better I felt. My knees no longer ache, my joints feel improved, and I don't experience fish burps or digestive issues from the capsules. I take one with breakfast, one with dinner, and at times one with lunch. The benefits of cod liver oil are clear, and swallowing pills is much easier than the oily liquid.
7.5
Reduced joint pain
1 people found this helpful
No cod liver oil taste! I've been taking this for some time and was waiting for that awful flavour to return, but it hasn't! Fantastic! Plus, the health benefits are clear; I've felt a reduction in joint pain with the CLO.
9
Knee pain resolved
Fixed the pain in my knee.
7
Krill oil improves knee OA symptoms
We examined how krill oil, which contains eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), impacts knee pain in adults suffering from mild to moderate osteoarthritis (OA). In a well-structured study, 235 participants were involved in a six-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, allowing us to see the real effects of krill oil compared to a placebo.
The participants took either 4 grams of krill oil daily or a placebo, and we assessed their knee pain and function at the beginning, three months, and six months into the study. The results revealed that krill oil led to modest improvements in knee pain, stiffness, and physical function.
Although the study showed positive results, it's important to note that we couldn’t isolate the specific impacts of eicosapentaenoic acid alone, since it was part of a complex oil supplement. Overall, this suggests that krill oil could be a safe and beneficial option for managing knee OA symptoms, but specific effects of EPA remain unclear.
The participants took either 4 grams of krill oil daily or a placebo, and we assessed their knee pain and function at the beginning, three months, and six months into the study. The results revealed that krill oil led to modest improvements in knee pain, stiffness, and physical function.
Although the study showed positive results, it's important to note that we couldn’t isolate the specific impacts of eicosapentaenoic acid alone, since it was part of a complex oil supplement. Overall, this suggests that krill oil could be a safe and beneficial option for managing knee OA symptoms, but specific effects of EPA remain unclear.
9
We conducted a comprehensive study involving 177 patients with moderate to severe osteoarthritis (OA) affecting their hips or knees. Over 26 weeks, participants were divided into two groups. One group received glucosamine sulfate combined with omega-3 fatty acids, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The other group was treated with glucosamine sulfate alone.
Our main focus was to determine whether the combined treatment provided any notable benefits over glucosamine alone when it came to easing knee pain. We used the WOMAC score to assess pain, stiffness, and overall function in the participants. When we looked at the significant reduction of pain, more than 92% from both groups experienced some relief, but the combination treatment showed a higher response rate of 44%, compared to 32% in the glucosamine-only group.
Although both treatments appeared safe over the study duration, the statistical differences indicate that adding omega-3s can be beneficial for those specifically hoping for greater relief. We also noted that symptoms like morning stiffness and knee pain showed improvements, with greater reductions in the group taking the combination treatment. This suggests that eicosapentaenoic acid may provide added value in managing knee pain due to osteoarthritis, particularly for patients looking to maximize their treatment benefits.
Our main focus was to determine whether the combined treatment provided any notable benefits over glucosamine alone when it came to easing knee pain. We used the WOMAC score to assess pain, stiffness, and overall function in the participants. When we looked at the significant reduction of pain, more than 92% from both groups experienced some relief, but the combination treatment showed a higher response rate of 44%, compared to 32% in the glucosamine-only group.
Although both treatments appeared safe over the study duration, the statistical differences indicate that adding omega-3s can be beneficial for those specifically hoping for greater relief. We also noted that symptoms like morning stiffness and knee pain showed improvements, with greater reductions in the group taking the combination treatment. This suggests that eicosapentaenoic acid may provide added value in managing knee pain due to osteoarthritis, particularly for patients looking to maximize their treatment benefits.
4
Eicosapentaenoic acid and knee pain
In our quest to understand the role of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in managing knee pain after total knee arthroplasty, we conducted a study involving 20 patients. We formed two groups—one receiving a daily supplement of EPA for 30 days before surgery, while the other received no supplement. This allowed us to observe how EPA could potentially affect both quadriceps strength and knee pain postoperatively.
Our findings revealed that the group taking the EPA showed a smaller increase in quadriceps weakness compared to those who did not receive the supplement. However, when we looked more closely at specific factors like knee pain during strength testing, we found that there were no significant differences between the two groups.
While EPA supplementation appears to have some advantages for quadriceps strength immediately after surgery, its effect on knee pain wasn’t as clear-cut. Overall, we observed that while EPA can influence quadriceps recovery, its impact on alleviating knee pain isn't strongly supported by our results.
Our findings revealed that the group taking the EPA showed a smaller increase in quadriceps weakness compared to those who did not receive the supplement. However, when we looked more closely at specific factors like knee pain during strength testing, we found that there were no significant differences between the two groups.
While EPA supplementation appears to have some advantages for quadriceps strength immediately after surgery, its effect on knee pain wasn’t as clear-cut. Overall, we observed that while EPA can influence quadriceps recovery, its impact on alleviating knee pain isn't strongly supported by our results.
References
- Pérez-Piñero S, Muñoz-Carrillo JC, Victoria-Montesinos D, García-Muñoz AM, Andreu-Caravaca L, et al. Efficacy of Extract and/or an Omega-3-Based Product for Improving Pain and Function in People Older Than 40 Years with Persistent Knee Pain: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial. Nutrients. 2023;15. doi:10.3390/nu15173848
- Kubo Y, Ikeya M, Sugiyama S, Takachu R, Tanaka M, et al. Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on quadriceps weakness immediately after total knee arthroplasty: a pilot, randomized, open-label clinical trial. J Phys Ther Sci. 2023;35:93. doi:10.1589/jpts.35.93
- Stonehouse W, Benassi-Evans B, Bednarz J, Vincent AD, Hall S, et al. Krill oil improved osteoarthritic knee pain in adults with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis: a 6-month multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022;116:672. doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqac125
- Sasahara I, Yamamoto A, Takeshita M, Suga Y, Suzuki K, et al. l-Serine and EPA Relieve Chronic Low-Back and Knee Pain in Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Nutr. 2020;150:2278. doi:10.1093/jn/nxaa156
- Kubo Y, Sugiyama S, Takachu R, Tanaka M, Ikeya M, et al. Association between serum n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and quadriceps weakness immediately after total knee arthroplasty. PLoS One. 2020;15:e0228460. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228460
- Gruenwald J, Petzold E, Busch R, Petzold HP, Graubaum HJ. Effect of glucosamine sulfate with or without omega-3 fatty acids in patients with osteoarthritis. Adv Ther. 2009;26:858. doi:10.1007/s12325-009-0060-3
- Iverson C, Bacong A, Liu S, Baumgartner S, Lundström T, et al. Omega-3-carboxylic acids provide efficacious anti-inflammatory activity in models of crystal-mediated inflammation. Sci Rep. 2018;8:1217. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19252-x
- Valdes AM, Ravipati S, Menni C, Abhishek A, Metrustry S, et al. Association of the resolvin precursor 17-HDHA, but not D- or E- series resolvins, with heat pain sensitivity and osteoarthritis pain in humans. Sci Rep. 2017;7:10748. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-09516-3
- Huang J, Burston JJ, Li L, Ashraf S, Mapp PI, et al. Targeting the D Series Resolvin Receptor System for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Pain. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017;69:996. doi:10.1002/art.40001
- Barden AE, Moghaddami M, Mas E, Phillips M, Cleland LG, et al. Specialised pro-resolving mediators of inflammation in inflammatory arthritis. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2016;107:24. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2016.03.004
- Peanpadungrat P. Efficacy and Safety of Fish Oil in Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis. J Med Assoc Thai. 2015;98 Suppl 3:S110.
- Torres-Guzman AM, Morado-Urbina CE, Alvarado-Vazquez PA, Acosta-Gonzalez RI, Chávez-Piña AE, et al. Chronic oral or intraarticular administration of docosahexaenoic acid reduces nociception and knee edema and improves functional outcomes in a mouse model of Complete Freund's Adjuvant-induced knee arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16:R64. doi:10.1186/ar4502
