Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 37 Researches
7.4
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 3 Reviews
8.5
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 2 Soft Gels
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Calories
20
Total Fat
2 g
3%
Total Omega-3s♢
690 mg
†
EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)
330 mg
†
DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid)
220 mg
†
Top Medical Research Studies
8
We analyzed various trials to see how omega-3 fish oil affects rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our research included 18 randomized controlled studies with 1,018 RA patients. The results showed omega-3 supplementation significantly increased beneficial omega-3 fatty acids, like EPA and DHA, and reduced triglycerides and tender joint count.
However, it didn't lead to significant changes in some inflammation markers and overall disease activity. While there are positive outcomes regarding certain symptoms, we found no remarkable evidence for its effectiveness in reducing inflammation levels.
However, it didn't lead to significant changes in some inflammation markers and overall disease activity. While there are positive outcomes regarding certain symptoms, we found no remarkable evidence for its effectiveness in reducing inflammation levels.
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9
We investigated how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) impacts osteoarthritis (OA), which is a common joint disease in older adults. Using both human and rat models, we found that DHA can enhance chondrocyte (cartilage cells) growth while reducing cell death.
Moreover, DHA treatment thickened cartilage and lowered degeneration compared to untreated OA models. Additionally, it improved the overall health of chondrocytes by promoting autophagy, which helps recycle damaged cellular components. Our findings suggest that DHA could be a promising therapy for OA treatment.
Moreover, DHA treatment thickened cartilage and lowered degeneration compared to untreated OA models. Additionally, it improved the overall health of chondrocytes by promoting autophagy, which helps recycle damaged cellular components. Our findings suggest that DHA could be a promising therapy for OA treatment.
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8
We conducted a study to understand how various dietary factors, including oily fish, affect rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Through advanced genetic analysis, we found that higher consumption of certain foods, particularly oily fish, appears to lower the risk of developing RA. This suggests that incorporating more oily fish and cereal into our diets could be beneficial for those at risk or living with RA. However, other dietary factors did not show significant links to RA risk.
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Most Useful Reviews
7.5
Improved arthritic joint
4 people found this helpful
Excellent! There is just a slight lemony aftertaste, which is not unpleasant. I've only been taking this for a short time, so I'm not sure yet about my cholesterol. However, within a few days, I noticed a significant improvement in my arthritic finger joint, which had been troublesome due to the cold winter weather. Despite the drastic changes in temperature, my joint feels fine. Additionally, I have experienced better energy levels and digestion. I take one in the morning and one before dinner, and I'm very pleased with the results!
Read More
9
Perfect for joint pain
The best omegas ever! If you're searching for relief from joint pain and arthritis, these are the ideal omegas for you.
Read More
9
Relieves arthritis
Amazing product! The quality is excellent and the ingredients are safe, lacking filler substances like titanium dioxide or maltodextrin. This supply lasts for three months with one pill daily. It helps lower cholesterol, promotes hair and nail health, and relieves arthritis symptoms. Suitable for anyone over 20, it's great for those who dislike fish as it compensates for their Omega-3 deficiency. Highly recommended!
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 37 Researches
7.4
- All Researches
9
We investigated how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) impacts osteoarthritis (OA), which is a common joint disease in older adults. Using both human and rat models, we found that DHA can enhance chondrocyte (cartilage cells) growth while reducing cell death.
Moreover, DHA treatment thickened cartilage and lowered degeneration compared to untreated OA models. Additionally, it improved the overall health of chondrocytes by promoting autophagy, which helps recycle damaged cellular components. Our findings suggest that DHA could be a promising therapy for OA treatment.
Moreover, DHA treatment thickened cartilage and lowered degeneration compared to untreated OA models. Additionally, it improved the overall health of chondrocytes by promoting autophagy, which helps recycle damaged cellular components. Our findings suggest that DHA could be a promising therapy for OA treatment.
Read More
9
We conducted a study to examine the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) combined with l-serine on individuals suffering from chronic low-back and knee pain. This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, ensuring rigorous evaluation of the treatment's impact.
Over the course of 12 weeks, we assessed participants using well-structured questionnaires to measure their pain levels and overall experience. Our group comprised 120 adults who, despite enduring persistent pain for more than three months, showed promising results from the active treatment.
It appears that EPA, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, alongside l-serine, which supports nerve function, provided noticeable relief from pain. By the end of the study, many participants experienced significant improvements in their pain scores, suggesting that this combination could be a valuable option for those managing arthritis-related discomfort.
It's encouraging to see how l-serine and EPA can help enhance the quality of life for individuals struggling with painful conditions, reinforcing their importance as potential treatments for arthritis-related pain.
Over the course of 12 weeks, we assessed participants using well-structured questionnaires to measure their pain levels and overall experience. Our group comprised 120 adults who, despite enduring persistent pain for more than three months, showed promising results from the active treatment.
It appears that EPA, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, alongside l-serine, which supports nerve function, provided noticeable relief from pain. By the end of the study, many participants experienced significant improvements in their pain scores, suggesting that this combination could be a valuable option for those managing arthritis-related discomfort.
It's encouraging to see how l-serine and EPA can help enhance the quality of life for individuals struggling with painful conditions, reinforcing their importance as potential treatments for arthritis-related pain.
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9
We investigated the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on osteoarthritis (OA) progression through an innovative approach involving gelatin hydrogels. In our study, we divided ten-week-old male mice into six different groups, each receiving various treatments after undergoing surgery that mimicked OA. This design allowed us to effectively compare the benefits of EPA delivered directly and through hydrogels.
Our findings revealed that when EPA was delivered in gelatin hydrogels, it significantly outperformed EPA injection alone in slowing down OA progression. Specifically, we measured several inflammatory markers and found that the group receiving the gelatin hydrogels exhibited lower levels of harmful proteins linked to inflammation and cartilage damage compared to those receiving just the EPA injections.
This suggests that the controlled release of EPA from these hydrogels can be a promising new strategy for treating OA. The potential benefits of gelatin hydrogels in enhancing the effectiveness of EPA treatment present a valuable insight for future therapeutic approaches addressing arthritis.
Our findings revealed that when EPA was delivered in gelatin hydrogels, it significantly outperformed EPA injection alone in slowing down OA progression. Specifically, we measured several inflammatory markers and found that the group receiving the gelatin hydrogels exhibited lower levels of harmful proteins linked to inflammation and cartilage damage compared to those receiving just the EPA injections.
This suggests that the controlled release of EPA from these hydrogels can be a promising new strategy for treating OA. The potential benefits of gelatin hydrogels in enhancing the effectiveness of EPA treatment present a valuable insight for future therapeutic approaches addressing arthritis.
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9
Docosahexaenoic acid reduces arthritis
We examined the effects of lipid mediators derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on arthritis, particularly focusing on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The study utilized a model involving mice with collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) and RAW264.7 cells to investigate the role of these mediators in reducing inflammation and joint damage.
The lipid mediators were produced by soybean lipoxygenase from DHA and included substances known for their anti-inflammatory properties. We found that these mediators significantly reduced symptoms in CAIA mice, evidenced by decreased paw swelling and reduced progression of arthritis. In the cellular studies, these mediators inhibited the formation of bone-resorbing cells called osteoclasts, while also downregulating key inflammatory markers.
Following treatment, there were notable improvements in serum cytokine levels, with a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6, and an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Additionally, joint inflammation and damage were reduced, hinting at a complex relationship involving various signaling pathways.
These findings indicate that lipid mediators derived from DHA may offer a promising approach to alleviating symptoms of RA, though the precise individual contributions of DHA alone are difficult to isolate due to the presence of other components in the intervention.
The lipid mediators were produced by soybean lipoxygenase from DHA and included substances known for their anti-inflammatory properties. We found that these mediators significantly reduced symptoms in CAIA mice, evidenced by decreased paw swelling and reduced progression of arthritis. In the cellular studies, these mediators inhibited the formation of bone-resorbing cells called osteoclasts, while also downregulating key inflammatory markers.
Following treatment, there were notable improvements in serum cytokine levels, with a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6, and an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Additionally, joint inflammation and damage were reduced, hinting at a complex relationship involving various signaling pathways.
These findings indicate that lipid mediators derived from DHA may offer a promising approach to alleviating symptoms of RA, though the precise individual contributions of DHA alone are difficult to isolate due to the presence of other components in the intervention.
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9
We observed a fascinating case involving a 22-year-old woman with juvenile idiopathic arthritis who was put on a very low calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD). This diet included high-biological-value protein preparations that featured docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid known for its potential health benefits.
The woman saw improvements in her overall weight and health after four months on this diet, including a noticeable reduction in joint pain and headaches. Laboratory tests indicated that her inflammatory markers returned to normal levels, suggesting that the dietary changes—including DHA—might have played a positive role in her experience.
However, it’s essential to note that while DHA is included in the treatment regimen, the isolated effect of DHA on her arthritis symptoms is challenging to determine definitively. This case highlights the potential benefits of dietary interventions for inflammatory conditions but also points to the need for further research to isolate the effects of specific dietary components like DHA.
The woman saw improvements in her overall weight and health after four months on this diet, including a noticeable reduction in joint pain and headaches. Laboratory tests indicated that her inflammatory markers returned to normal levels, suggesting that the dietary changes—including DHA—might have played a positive role in her experience.
However, it’s essential to note that while DHA is included in the treatment regimen, the isolated effect of DHA on her arthritis symptoms is challenging to determine definitively. This case highlights the potential benefits of dietary interventions for inflammatory conditions but also points to the need for further research to isolate the effects of specific dietary components like DHA.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 3 Reviews
8.5
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
7.5
Improved arthritic joint
4 people found this helpful
Excellent! There is just a slight lemony aftertaste, which is not unpleasant. I've only been taking this for a short time, so I'm not sure yet about my cholesterol. However, within a few days, I noticed a significant improvement in my arthritic finger joint, which had been troublesome due to the cold winter weather. Despite the drastic changes in temperature, my joint feels fine. Additionally, I have experienced better energy levels and digestion. I take one in the morning and one before dinner, and I'm very pleased with the results!
Read More
9
Perfect for joint pain
The best omegas ever! If you're searching for relief from joint pain and arthritis, these are the ideal omegas for you.
Read More
9
Relieves arthritis
Amazing product! The quality is excellent and the ingredients are safe, lacking filler substances like titanium dioxide or maltodextrin. This supply lasts for three months with one pill daily. It helps lower cholesterol, promotes hair and nail health, and relieves arthritis symptoms. Suitable for anyone over 20, it's great for those who dislike fish as it compensates for their Omega-3 deficiency. Highly recommended!
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
7.5
Improved arthritic joint
4 people found this helpful
Excellent! There is just a slight lemony aftertaste, which is not unpleasant. I've only been taking this for a short time, so I'm not sure yet about my cholesterol. However, within a few days, I noticed a significant improvement in my arthritic finger joint, which had been troublesome due to the cold winter weather. Despite the drastic changes in temperature, my joint feels fine. Additionally, I have experienced better energy levels and digestion. I take one in the morning and one before dinner, and I'm very pleased with the results!
9
Perfect for joint pain
The best omegas ever! If you're searching for relief from joint pain and arthritis, these are the ideal omegas for you.
9
Relieves arthritis
Amazing product! The quality is excellent and the ingredients are safe, lacking filler substances like titanium dioxide or maltodextrin. This supply lasts for three months with one pill daily. It helps lower cholesterol, promotes hair and nail health, and relieves arthritis symptoms. Suitable for anyone over 20, it's great for those who dislike fish as it compensates for their Omega-3 deficiency. Highly recommended!
8
Dietary compliance and EPA impact
We observed participants in the ADIRA trial, which aimed to see how different diets could affect rheumatoid arthritis. The study divided fifty patients into two groups: one followed an anti-inflammatory diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and seafood, while the other consumed a control diet heavy in meat and high-fat dairy products for ten weeks. After this period, participants switched diets, allowing researchers to monitor their compliance with the prescribed eating patterns.
Our focus was on how well participants adhered to their diets, particularly regarding important dietary components like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a fatty acid found in seafood known for its potential anti-inflammatory benefits. By analyzing blood samples for dietary biomarkers, we could assess their intake of whole grains, cooking oils, seafood, and fats and how these relate to the expected positive effects on arthritis.
The findings suggested that participants generally complied well with the diet emphasizing whole grains, cooking fats, seafood, and overall dietary fat quality, which is where EPA features prominently. However, we noted some uncertainty about compliance regarding fruit and vegetable intake, making it unclear if these elements were adequately incorporated into their diets.
Overall, while our study highlighted the compliance to an anti-inflammatory diet's key components, the specific impact of eicosapentaenoic acid on arthritis symptoms requires further investigation to draw solid conclusions about its effectiveness.
Our focus was on how well participants adhered to their diets, particularly regarding important dietary components like eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a fatty acid found in seafood known for its potential anti-inflammatory benefits. By analyzing blood samples for dietary biomarkers, we could assess their intake of whole grains, cooking oils, seafood, and fats and how these relate to the expected positive effects on arthritis.
The findings suggested that participants generally complied well with the diet emphasizing whole grains, cooking fats, seafood, and overall dietary fat quality, which is where EPA features prominently. However, we noted some uncertainty about compliance regarding fruit and vegetable intake, making it unclear if these elements were adequately incorporated into their diets.
Overall, while our study highlighted the compliance to an anti-inflammatory diet's key components, the specific impact of eicosapentaenoic acid on arthritis symptoms requires further investigation to draw solid conclusions about its effectiveness.
We explored how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, could help in treating osteoarthritis (OA). Our research showed that DHA has strong anti-inflammatory and cartilage-protecting effects on OA cells and improves joint health in mice.
However, we found that a molecule called Malat1 dampens these beneficial effects. Despite this, DHA still showed promise as a potential treatment for OA patients with increased Malat1 levels, particularly in supporting cartilage regeneration.
However, we found that a molecule called Malat1 dampens these beneficial effects. Despite this, DHA still showed promise as a potential treatment for OA patients with increased Malat1 levels, particularly in supporting cartilage regeneration.
4
Omega-3 has limited arthritis impact
We investigated the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplements on rheumatoid arthritis using data from 23 randomized placebo-controlled trials. Our analysis showed only a small effect in reducing pain, joint tenderness, and swelling.
We observed that while there was a slight reduction in NSAID use, the overall benefit seemed limited. The findings also indicated very low to low quality evidence, suggesting that previous claims of significant benefits could be overstated due to issues with study design.
We observed that while there was a slight reduction in NSAID use, the overall benefit seemed limited. The findings also indicated very low to low quality evidence, suggesting that previous claims of significant benefits could be overstated due to issues with study design.
7
We investigated how a 12-week nutritional intervention affects cholesterol levels and lipoprotein subfractions in patients with psoriatic arthritis.
Participants were divided into three groups: one received a placebo, another had personalized dietary guidance with omega-3 supplementation, and the last followed an individualized diet with a placebo.
Results indicated that those on the omega-3 diet saw favorable changes in HDL subfractions and improvements in LDL patterns, which could help identify cardiovascular risks. However, the overall LDL levels did not significantly change for all participants.
Participants were divided into three groups: one received a placebo, another had personalized dietary guidance with omega-3 supplementation, and the last followed an individualized diet with a placebo.
Results indicated that those on the omega-3 diet saw favorable changes in HDL subfractions and improvements in LDL patterns, which could help identify cardiovascular risks. However, the overall LDL levels did not significantly change for all participants.
We explored the effects of blue mussel lipid extract (BMLE), rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), on people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study involved 133 Chinese participants who were divided into groups receiving either BMLE, fish oil, or corn oil.
Over 60 days, we found noteworthy improvements in several health markers for those taking BMLE. For instance, participants in the BMLE group saw significant reductions in fasting insulin levels and a decrease in inflammatory markers like tumor necrosis factor-α.
However, while our study demonstrated some benefits from BMLE, the specific role of EPA on arthritis remains unclear. No direct studies were conducted on arthritis, so while there's promise, we cannot solely attribute these findings to the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid. It's exciting to consider how these results might translate into broader health implications, but further research is needed to fully understand how BMLE could impact conditions like arthritis.
Over 60 days, we found noteworthy improvements in several health markers for those taking BMLE. For instance, participants in the BMLE group saw significant reductions in fasting insulin levels and a decrease in inflammatory markers like tumor necrosis factor-α.
However, while our study demonstrated some benefits from BMLE, the specific role of EPA on arthritis remains unclear. No direct studies were conducted on arthritis, so while there's promise, we cannot solely attribute these findings to the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid. It's exciting to consider how these results might translate into broader health implications, but further research is needed to fully understand how BMLE could impact conditions like arthritis.
References
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- Feng L, Yang Z, Li Y, Hou N, Yang B, et al. Malat1 attenuated the rescuing effects of docosahexaenoic acid on osteoarthritis treatment via repressing its chondroprotective and chondrogenesis activities. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;154:113608. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113608
- Gkiouras K, Grammatikopoulou MG, Myrogiannis I, Papamitsou T, Rigopoulou EI, et al. Efficacy of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on rheumatoid arthritis' disease activity indicators: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2024;64:16. doi:10.1080/10408398.2022.2104210
- Sigaux J, Bellicha A, Buscail C, Julia C, Flipo RM, et al. Serum Fatty Acid Profiles Are Associated with Disease Activity in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results from the ESPOIR Cohort. Nutrients. 2022;14. doi:10.3390/nu14142947
- Stonehouse W, Benassi-Evans B, Bednarz J, Vincent AD, Hall S, et al. Krill oil improved osteoarthritic knee pain in adults with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis: a 6-month multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022;116:672. doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqac125
- Jannas-Vela S, Candia AA, Peñailillo L, Barrios-Troncoso P, Zapata-Urzúa J, et al. Role of specialized pro-resolving mediators on inflammation, cardiometabolic health, disease progression, and quality of life after omega-3 PUFA supplementation and aerobic exercise training in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized 16-week, placebo-controlled interventional trial. F1000Res. 2023;12:942. doi:10.12688/f1000research.138392.1
- Deng C, Presle N, Pizard A, Guillaume C, Bianchi A, et al. Beneficial Impact of Eicosapentaenoic Acid on the Adverse Effects Induced by Palmitate and Hyperglycemia on Healthy Rat Chondrocyte. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. doi:10.3390/ijms25031810
- Poggioli R, Hirani K, Jogani VG, Ricordi C. Modulation of inflammation and immunity by omega-3 fatty acids: a possible role for prevention and to halt disease progression in autoimmune, viral, and age-related disorders. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2023;27:7380. doi:10.26355/eurrev_202308_33310
- Wadell AT, Bärebring L, Hulander E, Gjertsson I, Landberg R, et al. Dietary biomarkers and food records indicate compliance to study diets in the ADIRA (Anti-inflammatory Diet In Rheumatoid Arthritis) trial. Front Nutr. 2023;10:1209787. doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1209787
- Lindqvist HM, Winkvist A, Gjertsson I, Calder PC, Armando AM, et al. Influence of Dietary n-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake on Oxylipins in Erythrocytes of Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Molecules. 2023;28. doi:10.3390/molecules28020717
- Kuang X, Shao X, Li H, Jiang D, Gao T, et al. Lipid extract from blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) improves glycemic traits in Chinese type 2 diabetic mellitus patients: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. J Sci Food Agric. 2023;103:2970. doi:10.1002/jsfa.12346
- Eckert T, Jährling-Butkus M, Louton H, Burg-Roderfeld M, Zhang R, et al. Efficacy of Chondroprotective Food Supplements Based on Collagen Hydrolysate and Compounds Isolated from Marine Organisms. Mar Drugs. 2021;19. doi:10.3390/md19100542
- Ceotto BH, Figueroba SR, Ferreira LEN, Amorim KS, Sánchez JB, et al. The effect of association of aspirin and omega 3 in rat temporomandibular joint with induced arthritis. Ann Anat. 2022;239:151812. doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151812
- Fan Z, Ross RP, Stanton C, Hou B, Zhao J, et al. CCFM1074 Alleviates Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Rats Balancing Treg/Th17 and Modulating the Metabolites and Gut Microbiota. Front Immunol. 2021;12:680073. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.680073
- Sasahara I, Yamamoto A, Takeshita M, Suga Y, Suzuki K, et al. l-Serine and EPA Relieve Chronic Low-Back and Knee Pain in Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Nutr. 2020;150:2278. doi:10.1093/jn/nxaa156
- Brown Z, Metcalf R, Bednarz J, Spargo L, Lee A, et al. Modifiable Lifestyle Factors Associated With Response to Treatment in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACR Open Rheumatol. 2020;2:371. doi:10.1002/acr2.11132
- Tsubosaka M, Kihara S, Hayashi S, Nagata J, Kuwahara T, et al. Gelatin hydrogels with eicosapentaenoic acid can prevent osteoarthritis progression in vivo in a mouse model. J Orthop Res. 2020;38:2157. doi:10.1002/jor.24688
- Gowler PRW, Arendt-Tranholm A, Turnbull J, Jha RR, Onion D, et al. Monocyte eukaryotic initiation factor 2 signaling differentiates 17-hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid levels and pain. iScience. 2025;28:111862. doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.111862
- Franks SJ, Gowler PRW, Dunster JL, Turnbull J, Gohir SA, et al. Modelling the role of enzymatic pathways in the metabolism of docosahexaenoic acid by monocytes and its association with osteoarthritic pain. Math Biosci. 2024;374:109228. doi:10.1016/j.mbs.2024.109228
- Su Y, Han Y, Choi HS, Lee GY, Cho HW, et al. Lipid mediators obtained from docosahexaenoic acid by soybean lipoxygenase attenuate RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and rheumatoid arthritis. Biomed Pharmacother. 2024;171:116153. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116153
- Rondanelli M, Patelli Z, Gasparri C, Mansueto F, Ferraris C, et al. Very low calorie ketogenic diet and common rheumatic disorders: A case report. World J Clin Cases. 2023;11:1985. doi:10.12998/wjcc.v11.i9.1985
- Jeong M, Shin JI, Cho J, Jeon YJ, Kim JH, et al. DHA Induces Cell Death through the Production of ROS and the Upregulation of CHOP in Fibroblast-like Synovial Cells from Human Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24. doi:10.3390/ijms24021734
- Xie R, Zhang Y. Association between 19 dietary fatty acids intake and rheumatoid arthritis: Results of a nationwide survey. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2023;188:102530. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102530
- Oppedisano F, Bulotta RM, Maiuolo J, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, et al. The Role of Nutraceuticals in Osteoarthritis Prevention and Treatment: Focus on n-3 PUFAs. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021;2021:4878562. doi:10.1155/2021/4878562
- Chang CK, Chen PK, Chen CC, Chang SH, Chen CH, et al. Increased Levels of Omega-3 Fatty Acids and DHA Are Linked to Pain Reduction in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated with Janus Kinase Inhibitors. Nutrients. 2021;13. doi:10.3390/nu13093050
- Christmann U, Hancock CL, Poole CM, Emery AL, Poovey JR, et al. Dynamics of DHA and EPA supplementation: incorporation into equine plasma, synovial fluid, and surfactant glycerophosphocholines. Metabolomics. 2021;17:41. doi:10.1007/s11306-021-01792-5
