Hashimoto's thyroiditis, commonly referred to as Hashimoto's, is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland. This can lead to chronic inflammation and damage to the thyroid, ultimately impacting its ability to produce hormones effectively. While the exact cause of Hashimoto's is not fully understood, genetic factors and environmental triggers are believed to play significant roles in the disease's development.
People with Hashimoto's may experience a range of symptoms, including fatigue, weight gain, sensitivity to cold, joint and muscle pain, and depression. It is more prevalent among women, and often, the condition may go undetected for years until it causes noticeable symptoms. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to check levels of thyroid hormones as well as antibodies that are indicative of autoimmune activity. Treatment usually entails hormone replacement therapy to manage symptoms and restore normal hormone levels. Regular monitoring is essential for those with Hashimoto's to adjust treatment as needed and to ensure optimal health.