Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 25 Researches
7.4
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 4 Reviews
8.4
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 1 Softgel
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Calories
10
Total Fat
1 g
1%*
Polyunsaturated Fat
1 g
†
Fish Oil Concentrate
1 g (1,000 mg)
†
Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)
500 mg
†
Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)
250 mg
†
Top Medical Research Studies
2
We conducted a study to investigate whether essential fatty acid supplementation, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), could help control idiopathic epilepsy in dogs. This involved a carefully designed approach where fifteen dogs received a daily dose of purified Omega-3 oil for 12 weeks, followed by a 12-week placebo period using olive oil.
Throughout the study, dog owners diligently recorded seizure frequency and severity, along with any side effects that may have arisen. Despite hopes that these essential fatty acids would provide some benefit, the results were quite clear: we found no significant reduction in seizure frequency or severity for those dogs receiving the Omega-3 supplement compared to the placebo group.
These findings suggest that while EPA is a popular supplement often touted for various health benefits, it does not appear to have a positive effect on managing idiopathic epilepsy in dogs. This research can help pet owners make informed decisions about treatment options for their furry companions struggling with seizures.
Throughout the study, dog owners diligently recorded seizure frequency and severity, along with any side effects that may have arisen. Despite hopes that these essential fatty acids would provide some benefit, the results were quite clear: we found no significant reduction in seizure frequency or severity for those dogs receiving the Omega-3 supplement compared to the placebo group.
These findings suggest that while EPA is a popular supplement often touted for various health benefits, it does not appear to have a positive effect on managing idiopathic epilepsy in dogs. This research can help pet owners make informed decisions about treatment options for their furry companions struggling with seizures.
Read More
9
We set out to explore how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) might improve cognitive challenges associated with epilepsy, particularly in young mice experiencing seizures. Using a rodent model, we compared the effects of both DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on cognitive impairment induced by seizures caused by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).
Over 21 days, mice were given diets enriched with either DHA or EPA and then subjected to PTZ treatment. Our findings revealed that both fatty acids showed potential in easing seizure-related cognitive issues, though EPA seemed to work even better in this context.
Upon further investigation, we found that both DHA and EPA helped restore certain brain chemicals and appeared to reduce ferroptosis—a process linked to cell death and involved in cognitive decline following seizures. They did this by stabilizing iron levels and decreasing harmful substances in the brain. Especially notable was how EPA outperformed DHA in fixing iron imbalances, likely thanks to its stronger influence on a specific signaling pathway.
Over 21 days, mice were given diets enriched with either DHA or EPA and then subjected to PTZ treatment. Our findings revealed that both fatty acids showed potential in easing seizure-related cognitive issues, though EPA seemed to work even better in this context.
Upon further investigation, we found that both DHA and EPA helped restore certain brain chemicals and appeared to reduce ferroptosis—a process linked to cell death and involved in cognitive decline following seizures. They did this by stabilizing iron levels and decreasing harmful substances in the brain. Especially notable was how EPA outperformed DHA in fixing iron imbalances, likely thanks to its stronger influence on a specific signaling pathway.
Read More
8
We observed the potential benefits of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in managing seizure susceptibility that follows febrile seizures in young mice. Febrile seizures, often occurring in children aged six months to five years, can lead to more serious conditions like temporal lobe epilepsy later in life. Understanding how to intervene after these episodes is crucial for preventing future seizures.
In our research, we induced febrile seizures in mice and then assessed how their seizure sensitivity changed in later stages using pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), a chemical that can trigger seizures. Our findings revealed that those who experienced complex febrile seizures were more likely to have higher seizure scores and quicker onset times when challenged with PTZ compared to other groups. Interestingly, the mice that received DHA supplementation after these seizures showed a notable reduction in seizure susceptibility.
Additionally, DHA was effective in reducing microglial activation, which can be harmful to the brain following complex febrile seizures. It seems that DHA may play a protective role, potentially safeguarding the developing brains of children from the negative effects of high fever and associated seizure episodes. This suggests that incorporating DHA into the diet during early development could be beneficial for children with a history of febrile seizures.
In our research, we induced febrile seizures in mice and then assessed how their seizure sensitivity changed in later stages using pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), a chemical that can trigger seizures. Our findings revealed that those who experienced complex febrile seizures were more likely to have higher seizure scores and quicker onset times when challenged with PTZ compared to other groups. Interestingly, the mice that received DHA supplementation after these seizures showed a notable reduction in seizure susceptibility.
Additionally, DHA was effective in reducing microglial activation, which can be harmful to the brain following complex febrile seizures. It seems that DHA may play a protective role, potentially safeguarding the developing brains of children from the negative effects of high fever and associated seizure episodes. This suggests that incorporating DHA into the diet during early development could be beneficial for children with a history of febrile seizures.
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Most Useful Reviews
9
Great relief
EXCELLENT OMEGA AND THE PRICE IS VERY reasonable. I take omega due to severe epilepsy, which leads to dementia, and it significantly alleviates my condition.
Read More
9
Decent price
Ensure you buy; you won’t regret it! It's fantastic for a reasonable price. I take it for epilepsy and feel considerable relief. My housemates also take it, as we all miss omega-rich foods.
Read More
7.5
Improved memory
Docosahexaenoic acid is essential for the brain, enhancing concentration and memory while reducing seizure frequency in epilepsy.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 25 Researches
7.4
- All Researches
9
DHA and EPA mitigate epileptic depression
We explored the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on depression associated with epilepsy in young mice. Using a well-structured approach, we treated three-week-old mice with a diet rich in either DHA or EPA for 21 days, followed by a series of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) injections to induce depressive symptoms.
Our findings revealed that EPA was particularly effective in alleviating these symptoms compared to DHA. Both fatty acids significantly reduced neuronal damage in the hippocampus and improved myelin integrity, indicating potential protective effects on brain health.
Delving deeper, we discovered that DHA and EPA reduced neuroinflammation by helping microglial cells switch to a protective M2 phenotype. Moreover, both compounds lowered oxidative stress levels and enhanced mitochondrial function, which plays a crucial role in energy production and overall cellular health.
These results suggest that incorporating DHA and EPA into the diet may serve as an effective strategy to combat depression in children dealing with epilepsy, with EPA emerging as the more beneficial option.
Our findings revealed that EPA was particularly effective in alleviating these symptoms compared to DHA. Both fatty acids significantly reduced neuronal damage in the hippocampus and improved myelin integrity, indicating potential protective effects on brain health.
Delving deeper, we discovered that DHA and EPA reduced neuroinflammation by helping microglial cells switch to a protective M2 phenotype. Moreover, both compounds lowered oxidative stress levels and enhanced mitochondrial function, which plays a crucial role in energy production and overall cellular health.
These results suggest that incorporating DHA and EPA into the diet may serve as an effective strategy to combat depression in children dealing with epilepsy, with EPA emerging as the more beneficial option.
Read More
9
We set out to explore how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) might improve cognitive challenges associated with epilepsy, particularly in young mice experiencing seizures. Using a rodent model, we compared the effects of both DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on cognitive impairment induced by seizures caused by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).
Over 21 days, mice were given diets enriched with either DHA or EPA and then subjected to PTZ treatment. Our findings revealed that both fatty acids showed potential in easing seizure-related cognitive issues, though EPA seemed to work even better in this context.
Upon further investigation, we found that both DHA and EPA helped restore certain brain chemicals and appeared to reduce ferroptosis—a process linked to cell death and involved in cognitive decline following seizures. They did this by stabilizing iron levels and decreasing harmful substances in the brain. Especially notable was how EPA outperformed DHA in fixing iron imbalances, likely thanks to its stronger influence on a specific signaling pathway.
Over 21 days, mice were given diets enriched with either DHA or EPA and then subjected to PTZ treatment. Our findings revealed that both fatty acids showed potential in easing seizure-related cognitive issues, though EPA seemed to work even better in this context.
Upon further investigation, we found that both DHA and EPA helped restore certain brain chemicals and appeared to reduce ferroptosis—a process linked to cell death and involved in cognitive decline following seizures. They did this by stabilizing iron levels and decreasing harmful substances in the brain. Especially notable was how EPA outperformed DHA in fixing iron imbalances, likely thanks to its stronger influence on a specific signaling pathway.
Read More
9
We explored the potential effects of high-dose docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on dogs suffering from idiopathic epilepsy in a pilot study. This open-label clinical trial involved six dogs, all diagnosed with epilepsy and experiencing between 5 to 45 seizures in the month before starting DHA supplementation. The dogs were administered DHA at doses ranging from 69-166 mg/kg/day, while continuing their existing treatments.
After a period of observation, we observed that four out of the six dogs completed the full 6-month study. Notably, all the dogs showed at least a 50% reduction in seizure frequency within 2 to 3 months. By the end of the study, three dogs managed to reduce their seizures to just 0-1 per month. Importantly, we did not find any significant adverse effects in the dogs' overall health or blood tests, suggesting that this treatment was safe.
While the sample size is small and lacks control groups, the data provides promising insights into the potential of DHA as an adjunct therapy for canine idiopathic epilepsy. Our findings encourage further research but indicate that there may be a role for DHA in managing seizure frequency in dogs.
After a period of observation, we observed that four out of the six dogs completed the full 6-month study. Notably, all the dogs showed at least a 50% reduction in seizure frequency within 2 to 3 months. By the end of the study, three dogs managed to reduce their seizures to just 0-1 per month. Importantly, we did not find any significant adverse effects in the dogs' overall health or blood tests, suggesting that this treatment was safe.
While the sample size is small and lacks control groups, the data provides promising insights into the potential of DHA as an adjunct therapy for canine idiopathic epilepsy. Our findings encourage further research but indicate that there may be a role for DHA in managing seizure frequency in dogs.
Read More
9
We explored how early exposure to alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), an essential omega-3 fatty acid, influences susceptibility to seizures in zebrafish, which serve as a valuable model for studying epilepsy. Healthy zebrafish embryos were incubated in water with different concentrations of ALA before being tested for their response to pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), a chemical known to induce seizures.
At concentrations of 10 µM and 20 µM, we observed a notable reduction in seizure-like behaviors among the larvae. This was indicated by a decrease in how far and how fast they moved during the seizures. Additionally, treated larvae displayed longer times before experiencing full-blown clonus-like seizures.
We also found lower levels of c-fos mRNA, which suggests reduced neuronal activation linked to seizure activity. Interestingly, higher concentrations of ALA led to increased levels of both ALA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the zebrafish. Overall, our study showed that early exposure to ALA effectively reduces PTZ-induced seizures in zebrafish larvae, highlighting its potential role in managing epilepsy.
At concentrations of 10 µM and 20 µM, we observed a notable reduction in seizure-like behaviors among the larvae. This was indicated by a decrease in how far and how fast they moved during the seizures. Additionally, treated larvae displayed longer times before experiencing full-blown clonus-like seizures.
We also found lower levels of c-fos mRNA, which suggests reduced neuronal activation linked to seizure activity. Interestingly, higher concentrations of ALA led to increased levels of both ALA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the zebrafish. Overall, our study showed that early exposure to ALA effectively reduces PTZ-induced seizures in zebrafish larvae, highlighting its potential role in managing epilepsy.
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9
We focused on understanding how specialized lipids derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) influence epilepsy, particularly looking into a compound known as protectin D1. Through a study with a mouse model of epilepsy, we found that inflammation in the brain is a significant contributor to seizures.
Our research showed that during a critical period when seizures were expected to start, the processes that help resolve inflammation were activated but delayed compared to the inflammatory response itself. We measured levels of various inflammatory markers and the genes involved in resolving inflammation, revealing that these protective pathways had not been properly engaged in the context of developing epilepsy.
Notably, we found that injecting protectin D1 into the brains of mice reduced the levels of harmful inflammatory markers and led to significant improvements in their recovery. The treated mice not only regained weight but also demonstrated better cognitive function and showed a substantial reduction in both the frequency and duration of their seizures.
This suggests that boosting the body's natural resolution processes could offer new therapeutic options for epilepsy, highlighting that current treatments primarily manage symptoms rather than address the underlying problem.
Our research showed that during a critical period when seizures were expected to start, the processes that help resolve inflammation were activated but delayed compared to the inflammatory response itself. We measured levels of various inflammatory markers and the genes involved in resolving inflammation, revealing that these protective pathways had not been properly engaged in the context of developing epilepsy.
Notably, we found that injecting protectin D1 into the brains of mice reduced the levels of harmful inflammatory markers and led to significant improvements in their recovery. The treated mice not only regained weight but also demonstrated better cognitive function and showed a substantial reduction in both the frequency and duration of their seizures.
This suggests that boosting the body's natural resolution processes could offer new therapeutic options for epilepsy, highlighting that current treatments primarily manage symptoms rather than address the underlying problem.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 4 Reviews
8.4
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
9
Great relief
EXCELLENT OMEGA AND THE PRICE IS VERY reasonable. I take omega due to severe epilepsy, which leads to dementia, and it significantly alleviates my condition.
Read More
9
Decent price
Ensure you buy; you won’t regret it! It's fantastic for a reasonable price. I take it for epilepsy and feel considerable relief. My housemates also take it, as we all miss omega-rich foods.
Read More
7.5
Improved memory
Docosahexaenoic acid is essential for the brain, enhancing concentration and memory while reducing seizure frequency in epilepsy.
Read More
7.5
Blocks seizures
DHA, a docosahexaenoic fatty acid in Omega-3, is crucial for brain health and may reduce seizures in epilepsy by up to 30%. A very economical package for an adequate price; I take one capsule daily.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
9
Great relief
EXCELLENT OMEGA AND THE PRICE IS VERY reasonable. I take omega due to severe epilepsy, which leads to dementia, and it significantly alleviates my condition.
9
Decent price
Ensure you buy; you won’t regret it! It's fantastic for a reasonable price. I take it for epilepsy and feel considerable relief. My housemates also take it, as we all miss omega-rich foods.
7.5
Blocks seizures
DHA, a docosahexaenoic fatty acid in Omega-3, is crucial for brain health and may reduce seizures in epilepsy by up to 30%. A very economical package for an adequate price; I take one capsule daily.
7.5
Improved memory
Docosahexaenoic acid is essential for the brain, enhancing concentration and memory while reducing seizure frequency in epilepsy.
8
We examined the effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, particularly focusing on docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in reducing seizure frequency among individuals with epilepsy. This systematic review and meta-analysis involved a thorough search of clinical trial articles from various databases, ensuring a comprehensive overview of the available evidence.
Our analysis covered different studies that administered omega-3 supplements with dosages ranging from 1000 to 2880 mg per day, over periods of 12 to 42 weeks. The results showed a significant decrease in seizure frequency among participants receiving omega-3 fatty acids, with a notable improvement observed when the daily intake was at or below 1500 mg and the intervention lasted over 16 weeks. Interestingly, we found that the benefits were more pronounced in adults compared to children.
Overall, this meta-analysis suggests that omega-3 supplementation can have positive effects on seizure control in both adults and children with epilepsy, although the individual results may vary.
Our analysis covered different studies that administered omega-3 supplements with dosages ranging from 1000 to 2880 mg per day, over periods of 12 to 42 weeks. The results showed a significant decrease in seizure frequency among participants receiving omega-3 fatty acids, with a notable improvement observed when the daily intake was at or below 1500 mg and the intervention lasted over 16 weeks. Interestingly, we found that the benefits were more pronounced in adults compared to children.
Overall, this meta-analysis suggests that omega-3 supplementation can have positive effects on seizure control in both adults and children with epilepsy, although the individual results may vary.
8
We aimed to uncover how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) affects epilepsy, particularly in the context of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures and related depression-like behaviors. Our findings indicate that both DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) can reduce seizure activity and depressive symptoms in mice, with EPA exhibiting a more pronounced effect.
The study revealed important mechanisms behind this effectiveness. EPA was found to promote beneficial changes in microglia, the brain's immune cells, while simultaneously lowering iron content in the brain. In contrast, DHA also helped to inhibit a specific inflammatory pathway, but did so through different means than EPA.
Ultimately, while DHA plays a role in alleviating seizures and depression, EPA seems to have a stronger impact. This research highlights the potential of both fatty acids in treating epilepsy, opening avenues for further exploration into their distinct roles and effects.
The study revealed important mechanisms behind this effectiveness. EPA was found to promote beneficial changes in microglia, the brain's immune cells, while simultaneously lowering iron content in the brain. In contrast, DHA also helped to inhibit a specific inflammatory pathway, but did so through different means than EPA.
Ultimately, while DHA plays a role in alleviating seizures and depression, EPA seems to have a stronger impact. This research highlights the potential of both fatty acids in treating epilepsy, opening avenues for further exploration into their distinct roles and effects.
9
We set out to explore how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) might improve cognitive challenges associated with epilepsy, particularly in young mice experiencing seizures. Using a rodent model, we compared the effects of both DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on cognitive impairment induced by seizures caused by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).
Over 21 days, mice were given diets enriched with either DHA or EPA and then subjected to PTZ treatment. Our findings revealed that both fatty acids showed potential in easing seizure-related cognitive issues, though EPA seemed to work even better in this context.
Upon further investigation, we found that both DHA and EPA helped restore certain brain chemicals and appeared to reduce ferroptosis—a process linked to cell death and involved in cognitive decline following seizures. They did this by stabilizing iron levels and decreasing harmful substances in the brain. Especially notable was how EPA outperformed DHA in fixing iron imbalances, likely thanks to its stronger influence on a specific signaling pathway.
Over 21 days, mice were given diets enriched with either DHA or EPA and then subjected to PTZ treatment. Our findings revealed that both fatty acids showed potential in easing seizure-related cognitive issues, though EPA seemed to work even better in this context.
Upon further investigation, we found that both DHA and EPA helped restore certain brain chemicals and appeared to reduce ferroptosis—a process linked to cell death and involved in cognitive decline following seizures. They did this by stabilizing iron levels and decreasing harmful substances in the brain. Especially notable was how EPA outperformed DHA in fixing iron imbalances, likely thanks to its stronger influence on a specific signaling pathway.
9
We examined the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on drug-resistant epilepsy in two animal models: 6-Hz seizures in mice and lamotrigine (LTG)-resistant kindled rats. The goal was to see if DHA could enhance the effectiveness of conventional antiepileptic drugs like phenytoin (PHT) and LTG.
In our tests, we administered both acute and chronic doses of DHA. Mice received a single dose of DHA alongside PHT or LTG, while another group received daily DHA for a month before drug administration. We recorded the seizure behaviors in response to electroshock and during LTG resistance in rats.
Interestingly, while single doses of DHA did not improve the outcomes for the mice, those who received DHA for 30 days showed significantly better responses to the antiepileptic drugs. Moreover, DHA administration in LTG-resistant rats also helped reduce seizure activity when combined with LTG.
Our findings suggest that DHA could play a vital role in overcoming resistance to common epilepsy medications and may serve as a valuable add-on therapy for patients facing refractory epilepsy.
In our tests, we administered both acute and chronic doses of DHA. Mice received a single dose of DHA alongside PHT or LTG, while another group received daily DHA for a month before drug administration. We recorded the seizure behaviors in response to electroshock and during LTG resistance in rats.
Interestingly, while single doses of DHA did not improve the outcomes for the mice, those who received DHA for 30 days showed significantly better responses to the antiepileptic drugs. Moreover, DHA administration in LTG-resistant rats also helped reduce seizure activity when combined with LTG.
Our findings suggest that DHA could play a vital role in overcoming resistance to common epilepsy medications and may serve as a valuable add-on therapy for patients facing refractory epilepsy.
In a recent clinical trial, we examined the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on seizure frequency in individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). This study involved ninety-nine participants between the ages of 5 to 45 who were randomly assigned to receive either DHA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), or a placebo over the course of one year.
Each participant took varying amounts of capsules containing DHA, EPA, or a placebo over the trial period. Our primary focus was to see how these treatments influenced the number of seizures experienced by the participants. By utilizing modern statistical methods, we analyzed the effectiveness of DHA and EPA in reducing seizure rates while accounting for factors such as age, gender, and the type of seizures participants had.
We found that both DHA and EPA showed promising results in reducing seizure frequency among those suffering from DRE. This indicates that these omega-3 fatty acids might be beneficial as a complementary treatment for managing seizures in these patients. The study contributes valuable information to the growing understanding of dietary supplements in epilepsy management.
Each participant took varying amounts of capsules containing DHA, EPA, or a placebo over the trial period. Our primary focus was to see how these treatments influenced the number of seizures experienced by the participants. By utilizing modern statistical methods, we analyzed the effectiveness of DHA and EPA in reducing seizure rates while accounting for factors such as age, gender, and the type of seizures participants had.
We found that both DHA and EPA showed promising results in reducing seizure frequency among those suffering from DRE. This indicates that these omega-3 fatty acids might be beneficial as a complementary treatment for managing seizures in these patients. The study contributes valuable information to the growing understanding of dietary supplements in epilepsy management.
References
- Yang Y, Chen L, Zhang N, Zhao Y, Che H, et al. DHA and EPA Alleviate Epileptic Depression in PTZ-Treated Young Mice Model by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation through Regulating Microglial M2 Polarization and Improving Mitochondrial Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023;12. doi:10.3390/antiox12122079
- Yang Y, Wang X, Chen L, Wang S, Han J, et al. A Compared Study of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid in Improving Seizure-Induced Cognitive Deficiency in a Pentylenetetrazol-Kindling Young Mice Model. Mar Drugs. 2023;21. doi:10.3390/md21090464
- Kawano S, Itoh K, Ishihara Y. Suppressive Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid Intake on Increased Seizure Susceptibility after Growth Due to Febrile Seizures in Infancy. Biol Pharm Bull. 2023;46:1184. doi:10.1248/bpb.b23-00015
- Yonezawa T, Marasigan CNBB, Matsumiya Y, Maeda S, Motegi T, et al. Effects of high-dose docosahexaenoic acid supplementation as an add-on therapy for canine idiopathic epilepsy: A pilot study. Open Vet J. 2023;13:942. doi:10.5455/OVJ.2023.v13.i7.14
- Zhao YC, Wang CC, Li XY, Wang DD, Wang YM, et al. Supplementation of n-3 PUFAs in Adulthood Attenuated Susceptibility to Pentylenetetrazol Induced Epilepsy in Mice Fed with n-3 PUFAs Deficient Diet in Early Life. Mar Drugs. 2023;21. doi:10.3390/md21060354
- Wang X, Xiao A, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Wang CC, et al. DHA and EPA Prevent Seizure and Depression-Like Behavior by Inhibiting Ferroptosis and Neuroinflammation via Different Mode-of-Actions in a Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Kindling Model in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2022;66:e2200275. doi:10.1002/mnfr.202200275
- Mikroulis A, Ledri M, Ruffolo G, Palma E, Sperk G, et al. Lipid mediator n-3 docosapentaenoic acid-derived protectin D1 enhances synaptic inhibition of hippocampal principal neurons by interaction with a G-protein-coupled receptor. FASEB J. 2022;36:e22203. doi:10.1096/fj.202101815R
- Sohouli MH, Razmpoosh E, Zarrati M, Jaberzadeh S. The effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on seizure frequency in individuals with epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Neurosci. 2022;25:2421. doi:10.1080/1028415X.2021.1959100
- Kawano S, Itoh K, Ishihara Y. Maternal intake of docosahexaenoic acid decreased febrile seizure sensitivity by increasing estrogen synthesis in offspring. Epilepsy Behav. 2021;121:108038. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108038
- Abuknesha NR, Ibrahim F, Mohamed IN, Salih M, Daak AA, et al. Plasma fatty acid abnormality in Sudanese drug-resistant epileptic patients. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2021;167:102271. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2021.102271
- Kumari S, Mazumder AG, Bhardwaj A, Singh D. Early α-linolenic acid exposure to embryo reduces pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in zebrafish larva. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2019;143:15. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2019.02.002
- Omrani S, Taheri M, Omrani MD, Arsang-Jang S, Ghafouri-Fard S. The effect of omega-3 fatty acids on clinical and paraclinical features of intractable epileptic patients: a triple blind randomized clinical trial. Clin Transl Med. 2019;8:3. doi:10.1186/s40169-019-0220-2
- Frigerio F, Pasqualini G, Craparotta I, Marchini S, van Vliet EA, et al. n-3 Docosapentaenoic acid-derived protectin D1 promotes resolution of neuroinflammation and arrests epileptogenesis. Brain. 2018;141:3130. doi:10.1093/brain/awy247
- Ibrahim FAS, Ghebremeskel K, Abdel-Rahman ME, Ahmed AAM, Mohmed IM, et al. The differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on seizure frequency in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy - A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Epilepsy Behav. 2018;87:32. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.08.016
- Moezifar M, Sayyah M, Zendehdel M, Gavzan H. Docosahexaenoic acid prevents resistance to antiepileptic drugs in two animal models of drug-resistant epilepsy. Nutr Neurosci. 2019;22:616. doi:10.1080/1028415X.2017.1422903
- Gharibi Loron A, Sardari S, Narenjkar J, Sayyah M. In silico Screening and Evaluation of the Anticonvulsant Activity of Docosahexaenoic Acid-Like Molecules in Experimental Models of Seizures. Iran Biomed J. 2017;21:32.
- Sarmento Vasconcelos V, Macedo CR, de Souza Pedrosa A, Pereira Gomes Morais E, Porfírio GJ, et al. Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for drug-resistant epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;2016:CD011014. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011014.pub2
- DeGiorgio CM, Miller PR, Harper R, Gornbein J, Schrader L, et al. Fish oil (n-3 fatty acids) in drug resistant epilepsy: a randomised placebo-controlled crossover study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2015;86:65. doi:10.1136/jnnp-2014-307749
- Yoon JR, Lee EJ, Kim HD, Lee JH, Kang HC. Polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched diet therapy for a child with epilepsy. Brain Dev. 2014;36:163. doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2013.01.017
- Taha AY, Trepanier MO, Ciobanu FA, Taha NM, Ahmed M, et al. A minimum of 3 months of dietary fish oil supplementation is required to raise amygdaloid afterdischarge seizure thresholds in rats--implications for treating complex partial seizures. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;27:49. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.12.004
- Yuen AW, Flugel D, Poepel A, Bell GS, Peacock JL, et al. Non-randomized open trial of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an omega-3 fatty acid, in ten people with chronic epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2012;23:370. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.11.030
- Matthews H, Granger N, Wood J, Skelly B. Effects of essential fatty acid supplementation in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy: a clinical trial. Vet J. 2012;191:396. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.04.018
- Bromfield E, Dworetzky B, Hurwitz S, Eluri Z, Lane L, et al. A randomized trial of polyunsaturated fatty acids for refractory epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2008;12:187.
- Yuen AW, Sander JW, Flugel D, Patsalos PN, Browning L, et al. Erythrocyte and plasma fatty acid profiles in patients with epilepsy: does carbamazepine affect omega-3 fatty acid concentrations?. Epilepsy Behav. 2008;12:317.
- Puri BK, Koepp MJ, Holmes J, Hamilton G, Yuen AW. A 31-phosphorus neurospectroscopy study of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid intervention with eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in patients with chronic refractory epilepsy. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2007;77:105.
