Overview

SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 25 Researches
7.3
USERS' SCORE
Moderately Good
Based on 49 Reviews
7.6
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 1 Softgel
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Vitamin D3 (as Cholecalciferol) (from Lanolin)
50 mcg (2,000 IU)
250%

Top Medical Research Studies

9
Vitamin D3 modulates autoimmune response
We explored how Vitamin D3 impacts autoimmune thyroiditis, a specific autoimmune disorder. In this study, researchers established a mouse model of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) to see how Vitamin D3 could influence this condition. After eight weeks of treatment, they assessed thyroid health and immune response through various methods, including staining tissues and measuring hormone levels.

Our observations revealed that administering Vitamin D3 helped reduce damage to the thyroid and decreased the presence of inflammatory cells within the thyroid. This treatment also led to lower levels of thyroid hormones and autoimmune antibodies in the blood, highlighting its positive effect on thyroid function. Additionally, Vitamin D3 appeared to promote the regulatory T cell (Treg) subset while decreasing the levels of Th17 cells, which are often involved in autoimmune processes.

Mechanistically, the study found that Vitamin D3 triggered specific pathways that influence Treg cell activity and survival. Notably, it activated a signaling pathway involving YAP and JAK/STAT, which are crucial for immune cell regulation. These findings suggest that Vitamin D3 could play a significant role in balancing immune responses in autoimmune thyroiditis, making it a promising candidate for further research and potential treatment strategies.
Read More
9.5
Vitamin D3 aids autoimmune thyroiditis
We observed that vitamin D3 supplementation may play a significant role in managing autoimmune thyroiditis, a condition often marked by thyroid inflammation. In this study, researchers induced autoimmune thyroiditis in female mice and administered vitamin D3 to evaluate its effects on the disease.

After eight weeks of treatment, the results showed a notable reduction in thyroid damage and lower levels of thyroid autoantibodies in the mice receiving vitamin D3. Specifically, the vitamin appeared to inhibit the activity of certain inflammatory immune cells, which are typically elevated in autoimmune conditions. At the same time, it seemed to support the activity of regulatory immune cells that help keep inflammation in check.

This study highlights the potential of vitamin D3 as a therapeutic option to mitigate the effects of autoimmune thyroiditis, suggesting that it could help balance the immune response in affected individuals. As researchers continue to delve into the role of vitamin D in autoimmune disorders, findings like these support the notion that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels might be crucial for immune health.
Read More
We aimed to understand how vitamin D3, specifically its active form 1,25(OH)D, affects autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), a complex autoimmune disease that causes liver damage. Researchers focused on the role of a special type of immune cell known as dendritic cells (DCs), which are influenced by vitamin D3 to promote a more balanced immune response.

Through our investigation using a mouse model, we observed that injecting these vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells, which overexpress a molecule called PD-L1, significantly lessened liver injury and severity of autoimmune hepatitis. This treatment appeared to correct the imbalance between two types of T cells: regulatory T cells (TFR) and follicular helper T cells (TFH).

By increasing the TFR population and restoring their balance with TFH cells, vitamin D3 treatment helped regulate this immune response. Additionally, the infusion boosted the production of anti-inflammatory substances while decreasing those linked to inflammation, suggesting a potential new avenue for treating autoimmune hepatitis. Overall, these findings indicate that vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells could be a promising strategy for managing autoimmune conditions like AIH.
Read More

Most Useful Reviews

9
Immunomodulatory effects
97 people found this helpful
I believe that vitamin D has excellent effects on the immune system. My older brother’s urticaria caused by an overactive immune reaction has resolved after taking it. My younger brother’s fatigue, linked to an autoimmune disorder, improved with vitamin D as well. I've learned that a moderate dose over several months is more beneficial than a high dose for a short period. It's best taken with a rich-fat meal and not before sleep as it can disrupt melatonin levels.
Read More
9
Sleep improvement
37 people found this helpful
Vitamin D has had an excellent effect on my severe sleep disorders. After trying various supplements, I found that taking Vitamin D significantly enhanced my sleep quality and complements other supplements I use for mental stability.
Read More
9
Reduced anxiety
19 people found this helpful
I previously suffered from severe sleep disorders, but vitamin D has helped me recover remarkably well. Combining it with magnesium and zinc has significantly reduced my anxiety about sleep disturbances. I'm continuing to use it for long-term improvement.
Read More

Medical Researches

SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 25 Researches
7.3
  • All Researches
9.5
Vitamin D3 aids autoimmune thyroiditis
We observed that vitamin D3 supplementation may play a significant role in managing autoimmune thyroiditis, a condition often marked by thyroid inflammation. In this study, researchers induced autoimmune thyroiditis in female mice and administered vitamin D3 to evaluate its effects on the disease.

After eight weeks of treatment, the results showed a notable reduction in thyroid damage and lower levels of thyroid autoantibodies in the mice receiving vitamin D3. Specifically, the vitamin appeared to inhibit the activity of certain inflammatory immune cells, which are typically elevated in autoimmune conditions. At the same time, it seemed to support the activity of regulatory immune cells that help keep inflammation in check.

This study highlights the potential of vitamin D3 as a therapeutic option to mitigate the effects of autoimmune thyroiditis, suggesting that it could help balance the immune response in affected individuals. As researchers continue to delve into the role of vitamin D in autoimmune disorders, findings like these support the notion that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels might be crucial for immune health.
Read More
We explored an intriguing instance of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) manifesting as Mikulicz syndrome in an 85-year-old male patient. This condition usually involves significant systemic symptoms, yet our patient exhibited primarily local manifestations, specifically bilateral dacryoadenitis and orbital pseudotumor, without major organ complications.

Interestingly, despite normal serum IgG4 levels, which were below 135 mg/dL, the clinical and imaging findings strongly suggested the diagnosis of IgG4-RD. This scenario underscores the importance of undertaking a biopsy for accurate diagnosis. Histopathological examination revealed notable signs, such as a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and storiform fibrosis, with a considerable percentage of IgG4-positive cells, ultimately confirming our diagnosis.

We observed that treatment with prednisone, alongside azathioprine for long-term control, was effective. To mitigate the risk of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, we added calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation. Remarkably, the patient showed significant clinical improvement within just 24 hours, with resolution of orbital and glandular symptoms over the following year. There was a complete recovery of vision and no relapses, with only minor dry eye as a long-term concern.

This case demonstrates the necessity of considering IgG4-RD even when serum IgG4 levels are normal and highlights the role of histopathology in diagnosis. Furthermore, it showcases the effectiveness of corticosteroids as a first-line treatment in managing this condition.
Read More
We aimed to understand how vitamin D3, specifically its active form 1,25(OH)D, affects autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), a complex autoimmune disease that causes liver damage. Researchers focused on the role of a special type of immune cell known as dendritic cells (DCs), which are influenced by vitamin D3 to promote a more balanced immune response.

Through our investigation using a mouse model, we observed that injecting these vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells, which overexpress a molecule called PD-L1, significantly lessened liver injury and severity of autoimmune hepatitis. This treatment appeared to correct the imbalance between two types of T cells: regulatory T cells (TFR) and follicular helper T cells (TFH).

By increasing the TFR population and restoring their balance with TFH cells, vitamin D3 treatment helped regulate this immune response. Additionally, the infusion boosted the production of anti-inflammatory substances while decreasing those linked to inflammation, suggesting a potential new avenue for treating autoimmune hepatitis. Overall, these findings indicate that vitamin D3-modulated dendritic cells could be a promising strategy for managing autoimmune conditions like AIH.
Read More
9
Vitamin D impacts autoimmune treatment
We investigated the effects of Vitamin D modulation on autoimmune prostatitis using a mouse model. In this study, we focused on how changes in gut microbiota influence the immune response, specifically looking at how vitamin D can help shift macrophage polarization—key players in the immune system—from a pro-inflammatory state (M1) to a more healing state (M2).

We observed that treatment with Eriocalyxin B (EriB), known for its anti-inflammatory properties, significantly reduced prostate inflammation in these mice. Our findings indicate that EriB not only altered the gut microbiome but also enhanced the absorption of vitamin D, contributing to a shift in macrophage phenotype. This suggests that the immune state of macrophages, altered through gut bacteria and vitamin D levels, plays a crucial role in managing autoimmune prostatitis.

Notably, fecal transplantation from EriB-treated mice resulted in a marked reduction in inflammatory markers and further supported the macrophage polarization effect. This is the first time we connected gut microbiota and vitamin D as pivotal factors in the treatment of autoimmune disorders like chronic prostatitis, highlighting a new therapeutic pathway. Overall, our research emphasizes the importance of vitamin D in modulating autoimmune responses through gut health.
Read More
We observed a fascinating interplay between vitamin D3 and immune responses in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disorder that leads to significant neurological damage. Our focus was on a type of immune cell called tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs), which help maintain a balance in the immune system. In our study, we used monocytes from both healthy donors and treatment-naive MS patients to assess how these cells behaved under different conditions.

Our findings revealed that tolDCs derived from MS patients had reduced tolerogenic properties when compared to their healthy counterparts. To our surprise, we found that direct activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a key player in immune regulation, could restore the tolerogenic features of MS patient-derived tolDCs. Furthermore, when we combined this approach with a treatment known as dimethyl fumarate (DMF), the results were even more promising.

The combination therapy of DMF and vitamin D3-tolDCs not only improved the tolerogenic effects but also showed better results in an experimental model of MS than using either treatment alone. This suggests that we may have a novel and effective strategy for enhancing immune tolerance in autoimmune diseases like MS.

Overall, our research indicates that vitamin D3, when used alongside DMF, could offer a new pathway for treatment, potentially minimizing the need for broader immunosuppression. This discovery opens up exciting possibilities for better management of autoimmune conditions in the future.
Read More

User Reviews

USERS' SCORE
Moderately Good
Based on 49 Reviews
7.6
  • All Reviews
  • Positive Reviews
  • Negative Reviews
9
Immunomodulatory effects
97 people found this helpful
I believe that vitamin D has excellent effects on the immune system. My older brother’s urticaria caused by an overactive immune reaction has resolved after taking it. My younger brother’s fatigue, linked to an autoimmune disorder, improved with vitamin D as well. I've learned that a moderate dose over several months is more beneficial than a high dose for a short period. It's best taken with a rich-fat meal and not before sleep as it can disrupt melatonin levels.
Read More
9
Sleep improvement
37 people found this helpful
Vitamin D has had an excellent effect on my severe sleep disorders. After trying various supplements, I found that taking Vitamin D significantly enhanced my sleep quality and complements other supplements I use for mental stability.
Read More
9
Reduced anxiety
19 people found this helpful
I previously suffered from severe sleep disorders, but vitamin D has helped me recover remarkably well. Combining it with magnesium and zinc has significantly reduced my anxiety about sleep disturbances. I'm continuing to use it for long-term improvement.
Read More
9
Improved health
5 people found this helpful
This product genuinely works! I noticed improved health and vitality, significantly enhancing my immune system. I rarely get sick now, and waking up has become easier, which is essential, especially considering my hormonal disorders. I recommend checking vitamin levels regularly.
Read More
9
Preventative health
4 people found this helpful
This is the best! Everyone I know takes it in large quantities. We prophylactically use zinc, selenium, vitamin D3, and C. I believe that taking these significantly helps with autoimmune disorders, possibly resulting in milder illness if one is contracted.
Read More

Frequently Asked Questions

9
Mood enhancement
177 people found this helpful
These capsules brought my Vitamin D levels back to normal, which is essential in winter when sunlight is scarce. I feel great and recommend them to anyone who lacks this vitamin. After five days, my energy improved and irritability decreased.
7.5
Feel better
102 people found this helpful
Vitamin D is necessary and has been essential for my health. I first realised its impact after taking it for three months, despite ordering it for my husband for years. A deficiency test is crucial for proper dosing. I began taking vitamin D3 during the winter months, as there's limited sun exposure. After incorporating it, I've felt noticeably better, with less pain and improved overall well-being.
9
Immunomodulatory effects
97 people found this helpful
I believe that vitamin D has excellent effects on the immune system. My older brother’s urticaria caused by an overactive immune reaction has resolved after taking it. My younger brother’s fatigue, linked to an autoimmune disorder, improved with vitamin D as well. I've learned that a moderate dose over several months is more beneficial than a high dose for a short period. It's best taken with a rich-fat meal and not before sleep as it can disrupt melatonin levels.
9
Reduced anxiety
19 people found this helpful
I previously suffered from severe sleep disorders, but vitamin D has helped me recover remarkably well. Combining it with magnesium and zinc has significantly reduced my anxiety about sleep disturbances. I'm continuing to use it for long-term improvement.
9
Immune support
3 people found this helpful
It truly works! My blood tests confirmed an increase in vitamin D levels. I’ve felt more energetic, and my immune system has improved significantly, with only one mild illness in three years. It’s crucial to monitor levels due to accumulation; I recommend it for those with autoimmune disorders.
7.5
Immunity support
105 people found this helpful
Vitamin D is essential. I realised its importance this year after taking it for three months. Though I've ordered this vitamin for my husband for three years, I hadn’t taken it myself until now. It's vital to take a test to determine deficiency levels. I decided to take vitamin D3 during winter, ensuring I'm not lacking sunlight. The supplement positively affected my well-being, reducing headaches and muscular pain.
7.5
Eased COVID symptoms
11 people found this helpful
I ordered this during the pandemic, and after testing positive for COVID, I took 10,000 IU along with zinc and vitamin C. This approach helped me manage a mild form of the virus, and I encourage others to consider it for health support.
9
Preventative health
4 people found this helpful
This is the best! Everyone I know takes it in large quantities. We prophylactically use zinc, selenium, vitamin D3, and C. I believe that taking these significantly helps with autoimmune disorders, possibly resulting in milder illness if one is contracted.
7.5
Essential for family
210 people found this helpful
I have monitored my vitamin D levels and found a deficiency linked to impaired immune function and various health problems, including autoimmune disorders. This vitamin is crucial for my family, as we all had low levels. It's necessary for bone and immune system health and has unique properties affecting gene regulation.
7.5
Consistent uptake
52 people found this helpful
Initially, I took 10,000 IU from the pharmacy until my levels normalised. The doctor then prescribed a lower prophylactic dose, which I now take daily. My levels improved from 8 to 70-80.
0
Symptoms alleviate
89 people found this helpful
Attention required. My appetite vanished after starting this supplement, causing my heart to have palpitations that felt like panic attacks. It seems essential to take magnesium with vitamin D, or these symptoms may occur. After stopping the supplement and taking magnesium, the symptoms reduced. It’s vital to ensure you have an appropriate daily vitamin D intake.
9.5
Vitamin D3 aids autoimmune thyroiditis
We observed that vitamin D3 supplementation may play a significant role in managing autoimmune thyroiditis, a condition often marked by thyroid inflammation. In this study, researchers induced autoimmune thyroiditis in female mice and administered vitamin D3 to evaluate its effects on the disease.

After eight weeks of treatment, the results showed a notable reduction in thyroid damage and lower levels of thyroid autoantibodies in the mice receiving vitamin D3. Specifically, the vitamin appeared to inhibit the activity of certain inflammatory immune cells, which are typically elevated in autoimmune conditions. At the same time, it seemed to support the activity of regulatory immune cells that help keep inflammation in check.

This study highlights the potential of vitamin D3 as a therapeutic option to mitigate the effects of autoimmune thyroiditis, suggesting that it could help balance the immune response in affected individuals. As researchers continue to delve into the role of vitamin D in autoimmune disorders, findings like these support the notion that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels might be crucial for immune health.
8
Vitamin D linked to alopecia areata
Our investigation focused on the role of vitamin D in the autoimmune disorder known as alopecia areata (AA). We delved into data from various studies, including a meta-analysis of 34 papers covering nearly 5,000 participants from multiple countries.

The findings demonstrated a clear association between low vitamin D levels and increased risk of AA. Specifically, patients with alopecia areata exhibited significantly lower serum vitamin D levels compared to healthy individuals. In fact, those with vitamin D deficiency were found to be at a higher risk of developing the condition.

These results suggest that vitamin D supplementation could potentially serve as an effective treatment strategy for individuals suffering from AA. However, it’s important to note that while vitamin D showed promise, the study did not find significant differences in other trace elements, such as copper, in relation to AA.

Overall, our research underscores the importance of maintaining adequate vitamin D levels, as it may play a crucial role in the management of autoimmune disorders like alopecia areata.
8
Vitamin D’s therapeutic potential in RA
We explored the significant role of vitamin D in managing rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by joint inflammation and damage. The evidence points to a common deficiency in vitamin D among RA patients, which can be linked to increased severity of the disease.

Our observations suggest that vitamin D may help modulate the immune response and reduce inflammation. There has been promising data showing that vitamin D supplementation can lead to improvements in disease activity, as well as a decrease in inflammatory markers among patients.

In addition to its immune-boosting properties, we recognized that managing vitamin D levels might also alleviate some of the symptoms associated with RA, such as fatigue, which can be exacerbated by deficiencies. Overall, the compelling findings underline the potential benefits of vitamin D as a therapeutic option for patients dealing with autoimmune disorders like RA.
We set out to discover how effective vitamin D is in treating autoimmune disorders, specifically in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Our analysis involved looking at several studies examining various dietary supplements, including selenium and vitamin D, to see how they impact thyroid autoantibody levels and overall thyroid function.

Within the studies we reviewed, vitamin D did not seem to significantly reduce thyroid autoantibody levels like other supplements. In particular, we noted that treatments involving vitamin D, whether alone or in combination with other nutrients, did not show a meaningful effect on reducing thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies (TPOAb) or thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAb).

This lack of significant benefit suggests that while vitamin D is often included in treatment plans for autoimmune disorders, it may not play a critical role in alleviating the symptoms or autoimmunity associated with HT. Therefore, it might be wise for those seeking supplemental help to consider other options, particularly selenium, which showed more promising results.

References

  1. Vernerová L, Vokurková M, Laiferová NA, Nemec M, Špiritović M, et al. Vitamin D and its receptor in skeletal muscle are associated with muscle disease manifestation, lipid metabolism and physical fitness of patients with myositis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2025;27:48. doi:10.1186/s13075-025-03516-9
  2. Wang CM, Chen YJ, Yang BC, Yang JW, Wang W, et al. Supplementation with active vitamin D3 ameliorates experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in mice by modulating the differentiation and functionality of intrathyroidal T-cell subsets. Front Immunol. 2025;16:1528707. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1528707
  3. Chen X, Zhang Y, Lin L, Chen Y, Shen X, et al. A beneficial levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for a decrease in thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAB) in patients with Graves' disease: a real-world study. BMC Endocr Disord. 2025;25:14. doi:10.1186/s12902-024-01823-x
  4. Rafati A, Ramezani R, Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh H, Bahrami S, Alvanegh AG, et al. Calcitriol Treated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modulated Immune Response in Collagen-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis in BALB/c Mice. Transplant Proc. 2025;57:355. doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2024.12.020
  5. Casas R, Tompa A, Åkesson K, Teixeira PF, Lindqvist A, et al. Redosing with Intralymphatic GAD-Alum in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes: The DIAGNODE-B Pilot Trial. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26. doi:10.3390/ijms26010374
  6. Rasheed A, Khan G. Epstein-Barr virus, vitamin D and the immune response: connections with consequences for multiple sclerosis. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1503808. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1503808
  7. Wu R, Li Y, Peng H, Yang Z, Wang Y, et al. Association Between Serum Trace Elements Level and Alopecia Areata: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025;24:e16740. doi:10.1111/jocd.16740
  8. Hijjawi N, Tout FS, Azaizeh B, Aljaafreh B. The role of vitamins D, B12, C, and K in modulating inflammation and disease management in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive review. Clin Rheumatol. 2025;44:591. doi:10.1007/s10067-024-07285-9
  9. Peng B, Wang W, Gu Q, Wang P, Teng W, et al. Effects of different supplements on Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024;15:1445878. doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1445878
  10. Balshi A, Leuenberger G, Dempsey J, Baber U, Sloane JA. Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist safety and efficacy in a multiple sclerosis cohort. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2025;93:106229. doi:10.1016/j.msard.2024.106229
  11. Mourelatou NG, Kounatidis D, Jude EB, Rebelos E. Vitamin D Supplementation as a Therapeutic Strategy in Autoimmune Diabetes: Insights and Implications for LADA Management. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16234072
  12. Huo R, Yang Y, Wei C, Huo X, Meng D, et al. Vitamin D affects antiphospholipid syndrome by regulating T cells (Review). Int J Mol Med. 2025;55. doi:10.3892/ijmm.2024.5471
  13. Kilani Y, Alsakarneh S, Madi MY, Mosquera DAG, Ferreira MN, et al. Autoimmune Hepatitis and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Nationwide Perspective. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2025;61:682. doi:10.1111/apt.18438
  14. Mendoza-Vargas LÁ, Sevilla-Fuentes S, Bautista-Becerril B, Berthaúd-González B, Falfán-Valencia R, et al. IgG4-RD-Associated Mikulicz Syndrome Without Classic Systemic Involvement-A Case Report. J Clin Med. 2025;14. doi:10.3390/jcm14030958
  15. Dai J, Song J, Chen X, Ding F, Ding Y, et al. 1,25(OH)D-treated mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells alleviate autoimmune hepatitis in mice by improving TFR/TFH imbalance. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2025;47:59. doi:10.1080/08923973.2024.2435314
  16. Wielińska J, Górna K, Świerkot J, Bugaj B, Kolossa K, et al. Polymorphic Variants in the Vitamin D Receptor and Clinical Parameters of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Undergoing Anti-TNF Treatment. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2024;72. doi:10.2478/aite-2024-0023
  17. Yu ZQ, Du HX, Gao S, Liang CZ. Eriocalyxin B ameliorated experimental autoimmune prostatitis via modulation of macrophage polarization through gut microbiota-mediated vitamin D alteration. Phytomedicine. 2024;135:156191. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156191
  18. Fondelli F, Willemyns J, Domenech-Garcia R, Mansilla MJ, Godoy-Tena G, et al. Targeting aryl hydrocarbon receptor functionally restores tolerogenic dendritic cells derived from patients with multiple sclerosis. J Clin Invest. 2024;134. doi:10.1172/JCI178949
  19. Grove-Laugesen D, Ebbehoj E, Watt T, Hansen KW, Rejnmark L. Changes in bone density and microarchitecture following treatment of Graves' disease and the effects of vitamin D supplementation. A randomized clinical trial. Osteoporos Int. 2024;35:2153. doi:10.1007/s00198-024-07241-y
  20. Zhang Q, He X, Chen W, Jiu J, Gao C, et al. Vitamin D3 attenuates autoimmune thyroiditis by regulating Th17/Treg cell differentiation via YAP/JAK1/STAT1 axis. Immunol Lett. 2024;269:106890. doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106890
  21. Rodi M, de Lastic AL, Panagoulias I, Aggeletopoulou I, Kelaidonis K, et al. Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)35-55 Mannan Conjugate Induces Human T-Cell Tolerance and Can Be Used as a Personalized Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. doi:10.3390/ijms25116092
  22. Maghbooli Z, Shirvani A, Moghadasi AN, Varzandi T, Hamtaei Ghashti S, et al. Investigating the effects of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 on clinical outcomes in multiple sclerosis patients: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial- a pilot study. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2024;87:105673. doi:10.1016/j.msard.2024.105673
  23. Fasihi M, Samimi-Badabi M, Robat-Jazi B, Bitarafan S, Moghadasi AN, et al. Immunoregulatory Effects of the Active Form of Vitamin D (Calcitriol), Individually and in Combination with Curcumin, on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Patients. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2024;23:138. doi:10.2174/0118715230293847240314073359
  24. Durá-Travé T, Gallinas-Victoriano F. Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Vitamin D. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. doi:10.3390/ijms25063154
  25. Qu F, Zhang M, Weinstock-Guttman B, Zivadinov R, Qu J, et al. An ultra-sensitive and high-throughput trapping-micro-LC-MS method for quantification of circulating vitamin D metabolites and application in multiple sclerosis patients. Sci Rep. 2024;14:5545. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-55939-0
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