We set out to investigate how zinc might help protect heart cells from damage caused by a lack of blood flow, known as myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). Using H9C2 cells, which are derived from rat heart tissue, we simulated this injury by depriving these cells of oxygen and then reintroducing it while treating them with zinc.
Through this process, we found that zinc treatment significantly increased cell viability compared to those that did not receive zinc. Cells exposed to ischemia showed typical signs of trauma, like heightened levels of apoptosis—or programmed cell death—and calcium overload, which can further damage cells.
Interestingly, zinc seemed to tackle these issues by lowering the levels of certain proteins related to cell death. It also played a role in regulating calcium levels by interacting with various cellular pathways. In fact, when we silenced specific proteins involved in these pathways, the protective benefits of zinc were even more pronounced.
Our findings suggest that zinc can relieve the harmful effects of ischemia by mitigating cell death and regulating calcium overload, which offers hope for future treatments for heart-related conditions impacted by blood flow interruptions.
Read More
9
Elderberry infusion boosts heart health
Improved lipid profile and increased serum antioxidant capacity in healthy volunteers after Sambucus ebulus L. fruit infusion consumption.
We explored the impact of Sambucus ebulus L. (elderberry) fruit infusion on cardiovascular health by examining its effects on body weight, blood pressure, blood sugar, and lipid profiles in 21 healthy volunteers aged 20 to 59. Each participant consumed 200 ml of elderberry infusion daily for 30 days, allowing us to measure changes in their health markers.
After the intervention period, we observed notable improvements in key health indicators. There was a significant reduction in triglycerides by 14.92%, total cholesterol by 15.04%, and LDL cholesterol by 24.67%. Additionally, the ratio of HDL to LDL cholesterol increased by 42.77%, indicating a healthier lipid profile.
We also noted enhancements in serum antioxidant capacity and total thiol levels. This first human study on the effects of elderberry fruit infusion suggests promising potential for improving cardiovascular health and addressing oxidative stress-related issues. Overall, the findings indicate that incorporating elderberry into our diet could be beneficial for heart health.
Read More
8
Elderberry aids cardiovascular health
Anti-cytokine therapy for prevention of atherosclerosis.
We explored the potential of elderberry as a natural treatment for cardiovascular disease, particularly in preventing atherosclerosis. A recent study employed a carefully designed method, including a two-year double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial that focused on the effects of a herbal preparation named "Inflaminat." This preparation features elderberry along with other natural components known for their anti-inflammatory properties.
The findings revealed that "Inflaminat" significantly reduced the progression of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), which is a key marker for atherosclerosis. This suggests that elderberry, along with its herbal companions, could play an important role in managing heart health by combating inflammation—a major factor in the development of atherosclerotic lesions.
Overall, our review indicates that using elderberry in conjunction with other natural herbs is promising for reducing cardiovascular risks. With no significant side effects noted, this herbal approach provides a valuable option for long-term prevention of heart-related issues.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
7.5
Elderberry improves recovery
290 people found this helpful
Excellent medication. Likely the best from this brand. At the onset of a cold, the immune support is exceptional. I purchase it for my children and see the results. Colds pass significantly faster and easier than those of other children in the class, particularly when combined with other medications. It boasts a high content of antioxidants and outperforms other botanicals in combating the influenza virus. Black elder has diaphoretic, bactericidal, and anti-inflammatory properties. Most effective on the first day, so it should be administered when cold symptoms appear. Thanks to this remedy, I recover quickly from ARVI and flu.
Read More
7.5
Surprisingly effective syrup
6 people found this helpful
I was initially sceptical about this syrup's efficacy until I became ill and tried it myself. After three days of taking this syrup along with vitamin C, my illness improved significantly. I was astonished as I hadn't used any other medications. I plan on using it periodically as a preventative measure and suggest everyone keep it in their first-aid kit for illnesses.
Read More
7.5
Prevented illness recurrence
1 people found this helpful
I purchased this for my daughter to aid in regaining her immunity following COVID-19, especially as she had been ill frequently before that. We have been taking it for two days as recommended, and my daughter enjoys the taste, although I find it overly sweet. After taking it, she remained illness-free for 1.5 months, yet now we find ourselves on sick leave again. I tried elderberry marmalade, which tastes better, but I doubt its effectiveness matches this syrup.
Effect of vitamin C and hawthorn beverage formula on blood pressure and oxidative stress in heat-exposed workers: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.
We conducted a study to evaluate the effects of a vitamin C supplement combined with a hawthorn beverage on blood pressure and oxidative stress among workers exposed to heat. This involved a 40-day cluster-randomized controlled trial where participants were split into two groups: one received the vitamin C and hawthorn drink, while the other was provided with slightly salted water.
Throughout the study, we measured blood pressure and levels of a specific oxidative stress marker at different intervals. Notably, we observed significant reductions in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure among those who consumed the vitamin C and hawthorn beverage compared to the control group. This suggests that the combination may help manage elevated blood pressure linked to heat exposure.
The findings highlight the potential role of vitamin C, especially when paired with other beneficial compounds in the hawthorn beverage, in combating oxidative stress and promoting cardiovascular health in individuals working in challenging environmental conditions.
Read More
9
Zinc nanoparticles reduce heart damage
Role of zinc oxide nanoparticles supplementation on alleviate side effects of cisplatin induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
We focused our research on how zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) might help reduce heart damage caused by cisplatin, a well-known chemotherapy drug. In this study, we used rats divided into different groups, some receiving varying doses of ZnONPs and others serving as control groups.
Our findings indicated that as the dosage of ZnONPs increased up to 50 mg/kg, there was a marked improvement in cardiovascular markers. We observed reduced levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell damage in the heart tissues of those treated with ZnONPs. More specifically, measures related to heart tissue health and serum biomarkers showed that rats receiving higher doses exhibited recovery similar to that of healthy rats.
Overall, we concluded that ZnONPs serve as a protective agent against cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity, showcasing their potential in improving heart health during cancer treatment.
Read More
9
Zinc counters heart cell injury
Zn protects H9C2 cardiomyocytes by alleviating MAMs-associated apoptosis and calcium signaling dysregulation.
We set out to investigate how zinc might help protect heart cells from damage caused by a lack of blood flow, known as myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). Using H9C2 cells, which are derived from rat heart tissue, we simulated this injury by depriving these cells of oxygen and then reintroducing it while treating them with zinc.
Through this process, we found that zinc treatment significantly increased cell viability compared to those that did not receive zinc. Cells exposed to ischemia showed typical signs of trauma, like heightened levels of apoptosis—or programmed cell death—and calcium overload, which can further damage cells.
Interestingly, zinc seemed to tackle these issues by lowering the levels of certain proteins related to cell death. It also played a role in regulating calcium levels by interacting with various cellular pathways. In fact, when we silenced specific proteins involved in these pathways, the protective benefits of zinc were even more pronounced.
Our findings suggest that zinc can relieve the harmful effects of ischemia by mitigating cell death and regulating calcium overload, which offers hope for future treatments for heart-related conditions impacted by blood flow interruptions.
Read More
9
Elderberry infusion boosts heart health
Improved lipid profile and increased serum antioxidant capacity in healthy volunteers after Sambucus ebulus L. fruit infusion consumption.
We explored the impact of Sambucus ebulus L. (elderberry) fruit infusion on cardiovascular health by examining its effects on body weight, blood pressure, blood sugar, and lipid profiles in 21 healthy volunteers aged 20 to 59. Each participant consumed 200 ml of elderberry infusion daily for 30 days, allowing us to measure changes in their health markers.
After the intervention period, we observed notable improvements in key health indicators. There was a significant reduction in triglycerides by 14.92%, total cholesterol by 15.04%, and LDL cholesterol by 24.67%. Additionally, the ratio of HDL to LDL cholesterol increased by 42.77%, indicating a healthier lipid profile.
We also noted enhancements in serum antioxidant capacity and total thiol levels. This first human study on the effects of elderberry fruit infusion suggests promising potential for improving cardiovascular health and addressing oxidative stress-related issues. Overall, the findings indicate that incorporating elderberry into our diet could be beneficial for heart health.
Read More
8
Antioxidants show promise for FGR
The Use of Antioxidants for Cardiovascular Protection in Fetal Growth Restriction: A Systematic Review.
This systematic review focused on the potential effects of antioxidants, particularly vitamin C, on cardiovascular health in cases of fetal growth restriction (FGR). We assessed various studies that examined how these treatments might enhance cardiac and vascular outcomes in affected individuals.
Our exploration revealed that a majority of the studies indicated some level of cardiovascular protection following antioxidant intervention. Specifically, 71% of the studies noted improvements in at least one of the cardiac or vascular parameters in growth-restricted offspring. Vitamin C, along with other antioxidants, was highlighted as part of several approaches to reduce oxidative stress, which is known to contribute to cardiovascular issues.
However, it's essential to note that the specific impact of vitamin C alone was not extensively distinguished from its combined effects with other antioxidants. This ambiguity makes it challenging to pin down its isolated benefits.
Overall, while antioxidant treatments present a promising avenue for addressing cardiovascular deficits associated with FGR, crucial gaps in research remain, preventing us from determining the most effective strategies for clinical use.
Excellent medication. Likely the best from this brand. At the onset of a cold, the immune support is exceptional. I purchase it for my children and see the results. Colds pass significantly faster and easier than those of other children in the class, particularly when combined with other medications. It boasts a high content of antioxidants and outperforms other botanicals in combating the influenza virus. Black elder has diaphoretic, bactericidal, and anti-inflammatory properties. Most effective on the first day, so it should be administered when cold symptoms appear. Thanks to this remedy, I recover quickly from ARVI and flu.
Read More
7.5
Surprisingly effective syrup
6 people found this helpful
I was initially sceptical about this syrup's efficacy until I became ill and tried it myself. After three days of taking this syrup along with vitamin C, my illness improved significantly. I was astonished as I hadn't used any other medications. I plan on using it periodically as a preventative measure and suggest everyone keep it in their first-aid kit for illnesses.
Read More
7.5
Prevented illness recurrence
1 people found this helpful
I purchased this for my daughter to aid in regaining her immunity following COVID-19, especially as she had been ill frequently before that. We have been taking it for two days as recommended, and my daughter enjoys the taste, although I find it overly sweet. After taking it, she remained illness-free for 1.5 months, yet now we find ourselves on sick leave again. I tried elderberry marmalade, which tastes better, but I doubt its effectiveness matches this syrup.
Read More
7.5
Strengthens immune system
This product contains quality ingredients and is suitable for children from two years of age. It offers excellent support for enhancing immune function, containing vitamin C, zinc, and elderberry extract. I've noticed improvements in my child's health, particularly as he has become less susceptible to viral infections.
Read More
7.5
Less frequent sickness
This syrup has become indispensable for me. My child now falls ill less often, and when he does, the illnesses tend to be less severe. I often manage to catch the initial signs of a cold quickly. Notably, despite the bottled price being around 1,000 rubles for 230 ml, it lasts long enough to justify the expense. We keep this syrup in our home, and I occasionally take it myself but in larger quantities.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a broad term that encompasses a range of heart and blood vessel disorders. This can include conditions such as coronary artery disease, which leads to heart attacks; cerebrovascular disease that results in strokes; and peripheral artery disease affecting blood flow to the limbs. The key risk factors for CVD often include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, smoking, a sedentary lifestyle, and diabetes. By identifying and managing these risk factors, individuals can significantly reduce their likelihood of developing cardiovascular problems.
Prevention and treatment strategies often involve lifestyle modifications such as adopting a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins, alongside engaging in regular physical activity. In some cases, medications might be necessary to control blood pressure or cholesterol levels. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider are essential for monitoring heart health, especially for individuals with a family history of CVD. Understanding the signs and symptoms of cardiovascular issues—like chest pain, shortness of breath, or fatigue—can help in seeking timely medical attention, ultimately leading to better outcomes.
Elderberry (Sambucus) refers to a genus of flowering plants in the family Adoxaceae, comprising several species known for their small berries and traditional medicinal uses. The most commonly recognized species is the European elder, Sambucus nigra, which has been utilized in folk medicine for centuries due to its rich nutrient profile, including antioxidants, vitamins A and C, and dietary fiber. Elderberries are typically fragrant clusters of small, dark purple to black berries that are used in a variety of culinary applications, such as jams, syrups, and wine.
In recent years, elderberry has gained popularity for its potential health benefits, particularly for supporting immune health. Many people consume elderberry supplements or syrups to help alleviate symptoms of colds and flu, with some studies suggesting they may reduce the duration and severity of viral infections. However, it’s important to note that raw elderberries, as well as other parts of the elderberry plant, can be toxic if consumed in large amounts. Therefore, it's recommended to use elderberry products that are properly processed and prepared to ensure safety and efficacy.
Based on user reviews, individuals taking this supplement for cardiovascular disease typically report varying timelines for seeing results. Some users mention noticeable improvements in their health within a short period, with many referencing a timeframe of about three days to a week after starting the regimen. For example, one user highlighted that their condition improved significantly after just three days of taking the syrup consistently alongside vitamin C Read Review.
However, it's important to note that effects can differ greatly depending on individual health conditions and consistent usage of the supplement. While some might feel the benefits more immediately, others may take longer to notice changes. Anecdotal evidence suggests that for many, a period of two weeks may be needed to fully assess the supplement's impact on their cardiovascular health Read Review. Overall, maintaining regular intake and observing body responses is essential for determining effectiveness.
The potential role of vitamin C as a supplement for cardiovascular disease is supported by several scientific studies. Research indicates that vitamin C may enhance natural killer (NK) cell activity, which is crucial for immune defense in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This increased activity suggests that vitamin C could bolster immune function, potentially benefiting heart health [2]. Additionally, findings from a Mendelian randomization study show that higher levels of vitamin C are linked to a reduced risk of cardioembolic stroke, which positions this vitamin as a promising candidate for public health strategies aimed at stroke prevention [3].
However, it is essential to note that while these studies suggest beneficial effects, many emphasize the need for further research to clarify vitamin C's isolated impacts on cardiovascular health. For instance, a systematic review showed that while antioxidant treatments, including vitamin C, exhibit potential cardiovascular protection in specific contexts, gaps in research make it difficult to determine the most effective clinical applications [1]. In conclusion, while there is some support for vitamin C as a beneficial supplement for cardiovascular health, more comprehensive studies are needed to fully ascertain its role and efficacy in varying populations.
Users of this syrup have reported a variety of improvements in their health, particularly regarding immune support during the onset of colds and flu. Several parents noted that their children experienced significantly faster recovery times, with one user claiming their child's cold symptoms passed quicker and easier compared to peers who did not take the syrup Read Review. Additionally, individuals have expressed amazement at the efficacy of the syrup when taken at the first sign of illness, with one reviewer mentioning a marked improvement within just three days of use Read Review.
Others reported that regular usage helped to keep their children illness-free for extended periods, contributing to an overall reduction in the frequency and severity of infections Read Review. The syrup’s appeal lies not only in its effectiveness but also its palatable taste which encourages consistent use among children. Users have highlighted its role in supporting immune function and mitigating symptoms, with some feeling more confident in managing initial cold symptoms quickly following its administration Read Review. Keep in mind that while these anecdotes provide insight into the experiences of others, individual results can vary greatly.
Users report positive experiences when combining this supplement with other products for managing cardiovascular disease. Some individuals noted that pairing the syrup with vitamin C significantly improved their health, showcasing the potential benefits of combining supplements for enhanced effects Read Review. Additionally, users have highlighted the effectiveness of the syrup when taken alongside other medications, suggesting that a multi-supplement approach could enhance its efficacy Read Review.
Moreover, one user mentioned specifically using the syrup in conjunction with zinc to help their child recover from illness more quickly, which further emphasizes the value of complementary supplementation for health improvements Read Review. While these experiences underline the potential benefits of combining this syrup with additional supplements, it remains essential to consider individual health conditions and consult with healthcare professionals before making any significant changes to supplement regimens.
7.5
Surprisingly effective syrup
6 people found this helpful
I was initially sceptical about this syrup's efficacy until I became ill and tried it myself. After three days of taking this syrup along with vitamin C, my illness improved significantly. I was astonished as I hadn't used any other medications. I plan on using it periodically as a preventative measure and suggest everyone keep it in their first-aid kit for illnesses.
7.5
Immunity-boosting properties
This syrup is an effective remedy for boosting immunity. Black elderberry is well-known for its immunomodulatory benefits, and this syrup lives up to that reputation. It has a unique astringent taste that feels natural. We take it at the first sign of a cold, and it helps to either prevent illness or shorten its duration. We have repeatedly noticed its positive effects.
7.5
Elderberry improves recovery
290 people found this helpful
Excellent medication. Likely the best from this brand. At the onset of a cold, the immune support is exceptional. I purchase it for my children and see the results. Colds pass significantly faster and easier than those of other children in the class, particularly when combined with other medications. It boasts a high content of antioxidants and outperforms other botanicals in combating the influenza virus. Black elder has diaphoretic, bactericidal, and anti-inflammatory properties. Most effective on the first day, so it should be administered when cold symptoms appear. Thanks to this remedy, I recover quickly from ARVI and flu.
7.5
Prevented illness recurrence
1 people found this helpful
I purchased this for my daughter to aid in regaining her immunity following COVID-19, especially as she had been ill frequently before that. We have been taking it for two days as recommended, and my daughter enjoys the taste, although I find it overly sweet. After taking it, she remained illness-free for 1.5 months, yet now we find ourselves on sick leave again. I tried elderberry marmalade, which tastes better, but I doubt its effectiveness matches this syrup.
7.5
Less frequent sickness
This syrup has become indispensable for me. My child now falls ill less often, and when he does, the illnesses tend to be less severe. I often manage to catch the initial signs of a cold quickly. Notably, despite the bottled price being around 1,000 rubles for 230 ml, it lasts long enough to justify the expense. We keep this syrup in our home, and I occasionally take it myself but in larger quantities.
7.5
Speeds up recovery
I administer this syrup to my child whenever he falls ill while also supplementing with zinc. The illness tends to resolve more rapidly.
7
Vitamin C enhances NK cell proliferation
Proliferation capability of natural killer cells upon cytokines stimulation correlated negatively with serum lactate dehydrogenase level in coronary artery disease patients.
We explored the effects of vitamin C on natural killer (NK) cell activity in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Our research involved isolating NK cells from 29 CAD patients and treating them with various stimulatory factors, including ascorbic acid—better known as vitamin C.
What we found was quite interesting: when NK cells were treated with ascorbic acid, there was a significant increase in their ability to proliferate. This meant that the NK cells were more active and potentially more effective in responding to threats in the body, which is vital for those dealing with heart conditions.
Furthermore, we measured serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, discovering a negative correlation between LDH and NK cell activity. Higher LDH levels seemed to indicate lower proliferation capability in NK cells influenced by interleukins.
Overall, our study suggests that vitamin C could play a positive role in enhancing immune function in CAD patients by promoting NK cell proliferation. However, it's important to note that while vitamin C shows promise, further research is needed to fully understand its impact on cardiovascular health and immune regulation.
8
Vitamin C may help prevent stroke
Causal Effect of Macronutrient and Micronutrient Intake on Stroke: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.
We investigated the potential protective effects of vitamin C on stroke risk, drawing on data from a robust two-sample Mendelian randomization study. This research compared genetic predictors of nutrient intake to stroke outcomes, focusing particularly on the intake of various vitamins, including vitamin C.
Our findings revealed that higher levels of vitamin C are linked to a reduced risk of cardioembolic stroke, with a noteworthy odds ratio suggesting that this vitamin could play a significant protective role. Specifically, when we looked at the statistics, the odds ratio was 0.759, indicating a promising association with stroke prevention. This evidence positions vitamin C as a potential target for public health strategies aimed at reducing stroke incidence.
However, while the results regarding vitamin C are encouraging, we must approach them with caution. The overall design of the study limits our conclusions, suggesting that while vitamin C appears beneficial, further research is necessary to fully understand its effects on cardiovascular health.
8
Antioxidants show promise for FGR
The Use of Antioxidants for Cardiovascular Protection in Fetal Growth Restriction: A Systematic Review.
This systematic review focused on the potential effects of antioxidants, particularly vitamin C, on cardiovascular health in cases of fetal growth restriction (FGR). We assessed various studies that examined how these treatments might enhance cardiac and vascular outcomes in affected individuals.
Our exploration revealed that a majority of the studies indicated some level of cardiovascular protection following antioxidant intervention. Specifically, 71% of the studies noted improvements in at least one of the cardiac or vascular parameters in growth-restricted offspring. Vitamin C, along with other antioxidants, was highlighted as part of several approaches to reduce oxidative stress, which is known to contribute to cardiovascular issues.
However, it's essential to note that the specific impact of vitamin C alone was not extensively distinguished from its combined effects with other antioxidants. This ambiguity makes it challenging to pin down its isolated benefits.
Overall, while antioxidant treatments present a promising avenue for addressing cardiovascular deficits associated with FGR, crucial gaps in research remain, preventing us from determining the most effective strategies for clinical use.
References
Rock CR, Miller SL, Allison BJ. The Use of Antioxidants for Cardiovascular Protection in Fetal Growth Restriction: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel). 2024;13. doi:10.3390/antiox13111400
Guo X, Xiao T, Lin L, Gao Q, Lai B, et al. Proliferation capability of natural killer cells upon cytokines stimulation correlated negatively with serum lactate dehydrogenase level in coronary artery disease patients. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1436747. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1436747
Dong G, Xu W, Xu L. Causal Effect of Macronutrient and Micronutrient Intake on Stroke: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16172818
Du W, Zhang S, Yang J, Fan H. Effect of vitamin C and hawthorn beverage formula on blood pressure and oxidative stress in heat-exposed workers: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2024;33:503. doi:10.6133/apjcn.202412_33(4).0005
Lyu X, Chen L, Wang W. Dietary zinc intake and 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in diabetes mellitus patients: evidence from NHANES database. Thromb J. 2025;23:18. doi:10.1186/s12959-025-00693-0
Ma YT, Laga T, Zhong CN, Zhuang BQ, Quan HL, et al. ANP Increases Zn Accumulation During Reperfusion in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Hearts. Curr Med Sci. 2025;45:35. doi:10.1007/s11596-025-00019-1
Al-Lbban AM. Role of zinc oxide nanoparticles supplementation on alleviate side effects of cisplatin induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Braz J Biol. 2025;84:e287764. doi:10.1590/1519-6984.287764
Soskic S, Gluvic Z, Obradovic M, Ilincic B, Cabarkapa V, et al. A pilot study on the relationship between zinc deficiency and anthropometric and metabolic parameters in obese adults in Serbia. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2025;85:51. doi:10.1080/00365513.2025.2460034
Zhang H, Zhou W, Wang X, Men H, Wang J, et al. Exacerbation by knocking-out metallothionein gene of obesity-induced cardiac remodeling is associated with the activation of CARD9 signaling. Int J Biol Sci. 2025;21:1032. doi:10.7150/ijbs.105513
Guo J, Ma T, Wang B, Xing B, Huang L, et al. Zn protects H9C2 cardiomyocytes by alleviating MAMs-associated apoptosis and calcium signaling dysregulation. Cell Signal. 2025;127:111629. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2025.111629
Azadi NA, Nakhaee S, Hassan NE, Mansouri B, Ariyaee M. Role of toxic and essential elements in sleep duration of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Sci Rep. 2025;15:2392. doi:10.1038/s41598-025-86873-4
Steinbauer S, König A, Neuhauser C, Schwarzinger B, Stangl H, et al. Elder (Sambucus nigra), identified by high-content screening, counteracts foam cell formation without promoting hepatic lipogenesis. Sci Rep. 2024;14:3547. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-54108-7
Nilsson A, Salo I, Plaza M, Björck I. Effects of a mixed berry beverage on cognitive functions and cardiometabolic risk markers; A randomized cross-over study in healthy older adults. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0188173. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0188173
Kirichenko TV, Sobenin IA, Nikolic D, Rizzo M, Orekhov AN. Anti-cytokine therapy for prevention of atherosclerosis. Phytomedicine. 2016;23:1198. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2015.12.002
Ivanova D, Tasinov O, Kiselova-Kaneva Y. Improved lipid profile and increased serum antioxidant capacity in healthy volunteers after Sambucus ebulus L. fruit infusion consumption. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2014;65:740. doi:10.3109/09637486.2014.898256
Curtis PJ, Kroon PA, Hollands WJ, Walls R, Jenkins G, et al. Cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers and liver and kidney function are not altered in postmenopausal women after ingesting an elderberry extract rich in anthocyanins for 12 weeks. J Nutr. 2009;139:2266. doi:10.3945/jn.109.113126