We investigated how intranasal zinc (Zn) treatment affects symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR), specifically focusing on individuals suffering from Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP), a common seasonal allergy. In our study, we monitored 57 control subjects and 44 patients from preseason through the allergy season, observing the levels of Zn in both nasal fluid and serum.
Our findings showed that after exposure to pollen, the level of zinc in the nasal lining fluid of JCP patients significantly increased, while their serum zinc levels notably decreased compared to the control group during the JCP season. To delve deeper, we used model mice that could mimic these changes and the allergy symptoms of the patients.
The results from this mouse study were promising. We observed that treating these mice with a dose of zinc, similar to what humans might use, led to a notable improvement in their allergy symptoms. Additionally, the number of mucin-secreting goblet cells, which indicate a response to allergies, significantly decreased following the zinc treatment.
Our study points towards the potential of using intranasal zinc as a way to alleviate allergy symptoms, suggesting a new approach to managing allergic rhinitis.
Read More
9
Zinc effectively suppresses allergies
Zinc treatment prevents IgE-mediated Ca influx and allergic response in RBL-2H3 cells.
We explored the potential of zinc to manage allergic responses by examining its effects on a specific type of immune cell called RBL-2H3. This research highlighted how zinc sulfate (ZnSO) treatment can prevent cell degranulation, which is a process crucial for allergic reactions, triggered by antigens and IgE stimulation.
Our findings showed that ZnSO not only inhibited cell degranulation but also reduced the expression of certain immune signaling molecules such as IL-4, IL-13, and COX-2. We observed that the increased levels of calcium inside the cells, which usually accompany these allergic reactions, were significantly lowered with zinc treatment.
Interestingly, while zinc did not interfere with the activation of several key proteins in the signaling pathway, it was effective at reducing the overall calcium influx associated with allergic responses. This suggests that zinc might be acting on calcium release-activated channels, offering a preventative advantage in allergic conditions.
Overall, we conclude that treating with zinc sulfate could be a valuable strategy for suppressing allergic responses, making it a topic worth considering for further research and application in allergy management.
Read More
9
Zinc nanoparticles suppress allergic reactions
ZnO Nanoparticles as Potent Inducers of Dermal Immunosuppression in Contact Hypersensitivity in Mice.
We investigated how zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO), commonly found in skin products like sunscreens, influence allergic reactions in the skin. Using a specific mouse model that simulates contact allergies, we wanted to understand whether applying nZnO during the sensitization or challenge phases would alter the immune response.
Our research showed that these nanoparticles, when applied during the allergic reaction, were able to suppress the immune response significantly. We noted a reduction in skin inflammation, with the strongest effects observed within 24 hours of exposure, and these effects lasted up to 28 days. Interestingly, while nZnO didn't hinder the initial allergy sensitization process, it did prevent the allergic reaction from fully developing when the allergen was introduced.
We found that the immunosuppressive properties of nZnO are tied to its ability to disrupt certain inflammatory signaling pathways. These findings suggest that nZnO could provide relief for people dealing with contact allergies, especially those using products containing these nanoparticles. Overall, our study sheds light on the potential benefits and mechanisms of nZnO in managing skin allergies.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Well-tolerated solution
Our paediatrician recommended a vitamin and mineral complex that includes zinc in high doses for my daughter, who has allergies. Finding the right one was challenging because all products with dyes and flavours were unsuitable for her. After several tries, we discovered this particular supplement that did not cause any allergies and was well tolerated. I highly recommend it!
Read More
9
No allergic reaction
I’ve heard that zinc has better absorption in its chelated form. My husband and I took it during winter along with vitamin C. Throughout the course, we felt great, and notably, neither of us experienced any allergies from it.
Read More
7.5
Recommended for skin
If you have allergies and skin conditions, you should begin with chelated zinc! It truly helps your body function better. I've personally noticed considerable improvements in the appearance of my facial skin since using it. I advise giving it a try.
We delved into the effectiveness of zinc treatment in managing allergic rhinitis, aided by a systematic review of clinical studies. Our exploration began with a thorough search of major databases, revealing insights from five clinical reports that met the necessary criteria for inclusion. These studies involved participants ranging from 40 to 180 individuals, providing a balanced mix of genders.
The results spotlighted the positive impact of combining quail egg-based supplements (QES) with zinc. Notably, this combination significantly improved several key measures, such as peak nasal inspiratory flow and mucociliary transport time. We observed that patients experienced relief from troublesome symptoms like nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and sneezing. Moreover, this combination seemed to reduce the need for standard allergy medications, offering an appealing alternative for those seeking symptom relief.
Importantly, zinc and QES were generally well tolerated, with few reported side effects, which were usually mild and temporary. However, it’s crucial to highlight that individuals with egg allergies should avoid these supplements. As such, while our findings suggest that zinc, particularly in conjunction with QES, can play a role in alleviating allergic rhinitis symptoms, further research is encouraged to solidify these promising results.
Read More
9
Zinc may relieve allergy symptoms
Alleviating effect of intranasal zinc on symptoms of allergic rhinitis.
We investigated how intranasal zinc (Zn) treatment affects symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR), specifically focusing on individuals suffering from Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP), a common seasonal allergy. In our study, we monitored 57 control subjects and 44 patients from preseason through the allergy season, observing the levels of Zn in both nasal fluid and serum.
Our findings showed that after exposure to pollen, the level of zinc in the nasal lining fluid of JCP patients significantly increased, while their serum zinc levels notably decreased compared to the control group during the JCP season. To delve deeper, we used model mice that could mimic these changes and the allergy symptoms of the patients.
The results from this mouse study were promising. We observed that treating these mice with a dose of zinc, similar to what humans might use, led to a notable improvement in their allergy symptoms. Additionally, the number of mucin-secreting goblet cells, which indicate a response to allergies, significantly decreased following the zinc treatment.
Our study points towards the potential of using intranasal zinc as a way to alleviate allergy symptoms, suggesting a new approach to managing allergic rhinitis.
Read More
9
Zinc effectively suppresses allergies
Zinc treatment prevents IgE-mediated Ca influx and allergic response in RBL-2H3 cells.
We explored the potential of zinc to manage allergic responses by examining its effects on a specific type of immune cell called RBL-2H3. This research highlighted how zinc sulfate (ZnSO) treatment can prevent cell degranulation, which is a process crucial for allergic reactions, triggered by antigens and IgE stimulation.
Our findings showed that ZnSO not only inhibited cell degranulation but also reduced the expression of certain immune signaling molecules such as IL-4, IL-13, and COX-2. We observed that the increased levels of calcium inside the cells, which usually accompany these allergic reactions, were significantly lowered with zinc treatment.
Interestingly, while zinc did not interfere with the activation of several key proteins in the signaling pathway, it was effective at reducing the overall calcium influx associated with allergic responses. This suggests that zinc might be acting on calcium release-activated channels, offering a preventative advantage in allergic conditions.
Overall, we conclude that treating with zinc sulfate could be a valuable strategy for suppressing allergic responses, making it a topic worth considering for further research and application in allergy management.
Read More
9
Zinc nanoparticles suppress allergic reactions
ZnO Nanoparticles as Potent Inducers of Dermal Immunosuppression in Contact Hypersensitivity in Mice.
We investigated how zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO), commonly found in skin products like sunscreens, influence allergic reactions in the skin. Using a specific mouse model that simulates contact allergies, we wanted to understand whether applying nZnO during the sensitization or challenge phases would alter the immune response.
Our research showed that these nanoparticles, when applied during the allergic reaction, were able to suppress the immune response significantly. We noted a reduction in skin inflammation, with the strongest effects observed within 24 hours of exposure, and these effects lasted up to 28 days. Interestingly, while nZnO didn't hinder the initial allergy sensitization process, it did prevent the allergic reaction from fully developing when the allergen was introduced.
We found that the immunosuppressive properties of nZnO are tied to its ability to disrupt certain inflammatory signaling pathways. These findings suggest that nZnO could provide relief for people dealing with contact allergies, especially those using products containing these nanoparticles. Overall, our study sheds light on the potential benefits and mechanisms of nZnO in managing skin allergies.
Read More
8
Zinc supplementation may reduce allergies
Zinc Deficiency and Zinc Supplementation in Allergic Diseases.
We explored how zinc interacts with allergic diseases, which have been rising in prevalence worldwide, affecting both Western and developing nations. The question we aimed to answer was whether zinc deficiency contributes to these allergies and if zinc supplementation can help alleviate symptoms.
Our findings highlight that zinc is an essential trace element crucial for modulating our immune response. This was first noted over 60 years ago, and since then, we have continued to observe the connection between zinc levels and allergic reactions. Allergic conditions like asthma, allergic rhinitis, and skin allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to normally harmless substances, leading to chronic inflammation.
Notably, zinc deficiency can mimic some of the immune responses seen in these allergies, showing how intertwined our nutrition is with our immune health. We noted that while different clinical trials on zinc supplementation yield varied results due to factors like dosage and study design, the overall literature suggests that increasing zinc intake can positively influence immune function and help reduce allergic symptoms.
In conclusion, while further investigation is needed to fully understand the nuances, it appears that maintaining adequate zinc levels could be beneficial for those suffering from allergic diseases.
Our paediatrician recommended a vitamin and mineral complex that includes zinc in high doses for my daughter, who has allergies. Finding the right one was challenging because all products with dyes and flavours were unsuitable for her. After several tries, we discovered this particular supplement that did not cause any allergies and was well tolerated. I highly recommend it!
Read More
9
No allergic reaction
I’ve heard that zinc has better absorption in its chelated form. My husband and I took it during winter along with vitamin C. Throughout the course, we felt great, and notably, neither of us experienced any allergies from it.
Read More
7.5
Recommended for skin
If you have allergies and skin conditions, you should begin with chelated zinc! It truly helps your body function better. I've personally noticed considerable improvements in the appearance of my facial skin since using it. I advise giving it a try.
Read More
7.5
Supports skin health
This is a good product with a high dosage; I use it to manage my skin allergies along with vitamin C and vitamin A. It has been quite helpful in offering support during this time.
Read More
7.5
Boosts energy levels
6 people found this helpful
Zinc for a healthy respiratory system and to alleviate my allergy symptoms has been beneficial. I took the small tablets, which dissolve quickly, albeit with a slight bitterness. My stomach handled them well with no negative effects. I chose them based on a kinesio test and consumed them with protein, avoiding fruits and vegetables that hinder zinc absorption. Additionally, I took vitamin C for protection during flu season. My father, who recently had a pacemaker fitted, has felt an increase in energy from this product, which also improved his walking. Interestingly, my father and husband noticed their grey hair becoming less prominent and their hair colour more vibrant after treatment. Truly, it brought harmony to both body and soul!
Allergies are the body's immune system responses to substances known as allergens, which can be harmless in most individuals. When a person with allergies encounters these allergens, their immune system mistakenly identifies them as a threat and launches a response. This can lead to symptoms ranging from mild, such as sneezing, itching, and rashes, to severe reactions known as anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening. Common allergens include pollen, pet dander, certain foods like nuts and shellfish, insect stings, and medications.
Managing allergies often involves avoiding known allergens and using medications such as antihistamines or corticosteroids to alleviate symptoms. In some cases, doctors might recommend allergy shots or immunotherapy to help patients build tolerance over time. If you suspect you have allergies, consulting with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment options is crucial. Understanding your triggers and how to live with allergies can significantly improve your quality of life.
Zinc is a versatile metal known for its various applications in industry and health. It is a bluish-white metallic element represented by the symbol Zn and atomic number 30 on the periodic table. Zinc is primarily used for galvanizing steel to prevent rusting, in the manufacturing of alloys, and as a component in batteries. Additionally, zinc plays a crucial role in biological processes, making it an essential trace element in the human diet. It is involved in immune function, protein synthesis, wound healing, and DNA synthesis, highlighting its importance in maintaining overall health and well-being.
Zinc has been studied for its potential effects on the immune system, and some research suggests that it may play a role in managing allergic responses. While zinc is essential for maintaining overall immune function, a direct link between zinc supplementation and reduction in allergy symptoms has not been firmly established. Some studies indicate that zinc may help modulate inflammation and could potentially benefit those with allergic rhinitis or other allergic conditions, but results can vary widely among individuals.
If you're considering zinc as a supplement for allergies, it’s vital to consult with a healthcare professional first. They can provide personalized advice based on your health status and any medications you might be taking. Additionally, focusing on a balanced diet rich in zinc-containing foods like nuts, seeds, legumes, and whole grains can offer support to your overall health and immune function, which may indirectly influence how your body handles allergens.
Based on user reviews, the timeline for seeing results from zinc supplements in managing allergies can vary, but many users indicate that noticeable improvements may occur relatively quickly. Some users experienced benefits soon after beginning their regimen, as one user noted that their skin allergies have been quite manageable alongside vitamin C and vitamin A Read Review. Another user mentioned seeing considerable improvements in their skin's appearance after incorporating chelated zinc into their routine, suggesting that users might expect to see changes within days to weeks Read Review.
However, it's essential to consider individual responses to supplements. Users like one who reported an overall reduction in allergy symptoms mentioned a beneficial experience when combined with dietary considerations like avoiding fruits that hinder zinc absorption Read Review. Ultimately, while many users find benefits from zinc within a short time frame, individual results may vary based on factors such as dosage, diet, and overall health.
Research suggests that zinc, particularly when used alongside supplements like quail egg-based products, shows promise in managing allergic rhinitis symptoms. A systematic review of five clinical studies highlighted the combination of quail egg supplements with zinc significantly improved measures such as nasal airflow and reduced the need for conventional allergy medications, making it a potential alternative for symptom relief [1]. Additionally, studies indicate that intranasal zinc treatment can alleviate symptoms of seasonal allergies, such as those caused by Japanese cedar pollen, by controlling inflammatory responses in the nasal lining [2].
Moreover, the evidence supports that zinc plays a crucial role in modulating immune responses linked to allergies, with studies demonstrating that its deficiency can exacerbate allergic reactions like asthma and atopic dermatitis [6]. Zinc supplementation has been shown to enhance immune function and decrease inflammatory markers associated with these conditions, underscoring its potential in allergy management [7]. While the findings are compelling, further research is recommended to fully understand the scope of zinc's effects on different allergic conditions.
Users have reported a variety of improvements in symptoms when incorporating zinc supplements into their routines, particularly for allergy and skin-related issues. One parent shared that they found a suitable vitamin and mineral complex containing high doses of zinc for their daughter, which was well-tolerated and did not trigger any allergies, emphasizing the importance of selecting the right product Read Review. Additionally, users experienced enhanced skin conditions, with one noting considerable improvements in their facial appearance after using chelated zinc alongside vitamin C Read Review.
Moreover, some reviews highlight the overall symptom relief related to allergies; for instance, one couple reported no allergy issues while using a chelated form of zinc during winter months Read Review. Another user emphasized the general health benefits, including improved respiratory function and increased energy levels for their family members Read Review. These anecdotal experiences suggest that while many users find significant relief and improvements, individual results can vary based on factors such as type of zinc, dosage, and personal health conditions.
Users have shared positive experiences regarding the combination of zinc supplements with other nutrients for managing allergy symptoms. Many reviewers noted that taking zinc in its chelated form along with vitamin C not only enhanced its absorption but also significantly reduced allergy issues. For instance, one couple reported feeling great and experiencing no allergies during winter while using chelated zinc alongside vitamin C Read Review. Another user also mentioned substantial improvements in skin conditions when integrating chelated zinc into their routine, which they paired with vitamin C Read Review.
Additionally, some users emphasized the importance of accompanying zinc supplementation with dietary considerations and other vitamins to maximize benefits. For example, one user reported success in alleviating allergy symptoms and improving their respiratory health by taking zinc with protein while avoiding fruits that hinder absorption Read Review. These anecdotal accounts suggest that the thoughtful combination of zinc with other supplements can lead to improved outcomes for those struggling with allergies.
Users have reported varying experiences with zinc dosages for treating allergies, highlighting the importance of finding the right formulation for individual needs. One user noted that their pediatrician recommended a high-dose zinc supplement for their child’s allergies, emphasizing the significance of avoiding products with dyes and flavors that could trigger reactions (Read Review). Another user indicated that taking chelated zinc along with vitamin C improved their overall health and prevented allergy symptoms during the winter months, suggesting that the form of zinc may play a role in its effectiveness (Read Review).
Several reviewers recommended starting with chelated zinc for allergies and skin conditions, citing positive personal outcomes, including improvements in skin appearance (Read Review, Read Review). High doses were also praised by users managing skin allergies, indicating that the combination of zinc with other vitamins may enhance its efficacy (Read Review). Overall, the consensus suggests that while the right dose may vary by individual, incorporating zinc, particularly in its chelated form, may yield more effective allergy management.
7.5
Supports skin health
This is a good product with a high dosage; I use it to manage my skin allergies along with vitamin C and vitamin A. It has been quite helpful in offering support during this time.
7.5
Recommended for skin
If you have allergies and skin conditions, you should begin with chelated zinc! It truly helps your body function better. I've personally noticed considerable improvements in the appearance of my facial skin since using it. I advise giving it a try.
7.5
Boosts energy levels
6 people found this helpful
Zinc for a healthy respiratory system and to alleviate my allergy symptoms has been beneficial. I took the small tablets, which dissolve quickly, albeit with a slight bitterness. My stomach handled them well with no negative effects. I chose them based on a kinesio test and consumed them with protein, avoiding fruits and vegetables that hinder zinc absorption. Additionally, I took vitamin C for protection during flu season. My father, who recently had a pacemaker fitted, has felt an increase in energy from this product, which also improved his walking. Interestingly, my father and husband noticed their grey hair becoming less prominent and their hair colour more vibrant after treatment. Truly, it brought harmony to both body and soul!
9
Well-tolerated solution
Our paediatrician recommended a vitamin and mineral complex that includes zinc in high doses for my daughter, who has allergies. Finding the right one was challenging because all products with dyes and flavours were unsuitable for her. After several tries, we discovered this particular supplement that did not cause any allergies and was well tolerated. I highly recommend it!
9
No allergic reaction
I’ve heard that zinc has better absorption in its chelated form. My husband and I took it during winter along with vitamin C. Throughout the course, we felt great, and notably, neither of us experienced any allergies from it.
7.5
Essential for immunity
As an essential nutrient with antioxidant properties, I prioritise zinc. With my skin allergies, I took it together with vitamins, and it was effective. I believe it's crucial for maintaining immunity, and the quality ingredients are good. The tablet size is manageable for regular intake.
9
Zinc and QES alleviate allergies
Quail Egg-Based Supplements in Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies.
We delved into the effectiveness of zinc treatment in managing allergic rhinitis, aided by a systematic review of clinical studies. Our exploration began with a thorough search of major databases, revealing insights from five clinical reports that met the necessary criteria for inclusion. These studies involved participants ranging from 40 to 180 individuals, providing a balanced mix of genders.
The results spotlighted the positive impact of combining quail egg-based supplements (QES) with zinc. Notably, this combination significantly improved several key measures, such as peak nasal inspiratory flow and mucociliary transport time. We observed that patients experienced relief from troublesome symptoms like nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and sneezing. Moreover, this combination seemed to reduce the need for standard allergy medications, offering an appealing alternative for those seeking symptom relief.
Importantly, zinc and QES were generally well tolerated, with few reported side effects, which were usually mild and temporary. However, it’s crucial to highlight that individuals with egg allergies should avoid these supplements. As such, while our findings suggest that zinc, particularly in conjunction with QES, can play a role in alleviating allergic rhinitis symptoms, further research is encouraged to solidify these promising results.
9
Zinc may relieve allergy symptoms
Alleviating effect of intranasal zinc on symptoms of allergic rhinitis.
We investigated how intranasal zinc (Zn) treatment affects symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR), specifically focusing on individuals suffering from Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP), a common seasonal allergy. In our study, we monitored 57 control subjects and 44 patients from preseason through the allergy season, observing the levels of Zn in both nasal fluid and serum.
Our findings showed that after exposure to pollen, the level of zinc in the nasal lining fluid of JCP patients significantly increased, while their serum zinc levels notably decreased compared to the control group during the JCP season. To delve deeper, we used model mice that could mimic these changes and the allergy symptoms of the patients.
The results from this mouse study were promising. We observed that treating these mice with a dose of zinc, similar to what humans might use, led to a notable improvement in their allergy symptoms. Additionally, the number of mucin-secreting goblet cells, which indicate a response to allergies, significantly decreased following the zinc treatment.
Our study points towards the potential of using intranasal zinc as a way to alleviate allergy symptoms, suggesting a new approach to managing allergic rhinitis.
8
Zinc supplementation may reduce allergies
Zinc Deficiency and Zinc Supplementation in Allergic Diseases.
We explored how zinc interacts with allergic diseases, which have been rising in prevalence worldwide, affecting both Western and developing nations. The question we aimed to answer was whether zinc deficiency contributes to these allergies and if zinc supplementation can help alleviate symptoms.
Our findings highlight that zinc is an essential trace element crucial for modulating our immune response. This was first noted over 60 years ago, and since then, we have continued to observe the connection between zinc levels and allergic reactions. Allergic conditions like asthma, allergic rhinitis, and skin allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to normally harmless substances, leading to chronic inflammation.
Notably, zinc deficiency can mimic some of the immune responses seen in these allergies, showing how intertwined our nutrition is with our immune health. We noted that while different clinical trials on zinc supplementation yield varied results due to factors like dosage and study design, the overall literature suggests that increasing zinc intake can positively influence immune function and help reduce allergic symptoms.
In conclusion, while further investigation is needed to fully understand the nuances, it appears that maintaining adequate zinc levels could be beneficial for those suffering from allergic diseases.
8
Zinc gluconate helps atopic dermatitis
Zinc gluconate improves atopic dermatitis by modulating CXCL10 release of keratinocytes via PPARα activation.
We investigated how zinc affects atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic skin condition linked to immune responses. Our analysis revealed that individuals with AD had significantly lower levels of zinc in their bloodstream compared to those without the condition. This connection led us to examine how zinc could potentially ease the symptoms associated with AD.
Through our research, we noticed that AD skin showed increased levels of a specific protein called CXCL10. This protein is known to be involved in inflammatory responses, and we found that its levels were inversely related to zinc levels in the serum. When we treated keratinocytes, the cells that make up the skin, with zinc gluconate, we observed a reduction in CXCL10 release, suggesting it may help manage inflammation associated with AD.
Moreover, in a mouse model mimicking AD, zinc gluconate therapy significantly reduced the severity of skin lesions and serum IgE levels—an indicator of allergic responses. The therapy also decreased skin thickness and CXCL10 production, showcasing its promise as a treatment option for managing atopic dermatitis.
Overall, our findings illustrate that zinc gluconate can be beneficial in reducing inflammation and symptoms in individuals with AD by modulating the immune response through specific cellular mechanisms.
References
Antonelli M, Mazzoleni E, Donelli D. Quail Egg-Based Supplements in Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies. Nutrients. 2025;17. 10.3390/nu17040712
Xu H, Tong K, Iwasaki N, Ohgami N, Tazaki A, et al. Alleviating effect of intranasal zinc on symptoms of allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob. 2025;4:100408. 10.1016/j.jacig.2025.100408
Otsuka T, Sato K, Kamiya T, Tanaka H, Hara H. Zinc treatment prevents IgE-mediated Ca influx and allergic response in RBL-2H3 cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2025;994:177391. 10.1016/j.ejphar.2025.177391
Wang S, Ilves M, Mäenpää K, Zhao L, El-Nezami H, et al. ZnO Nanoparticles as Potent Inducers of Dermal Immunosuppression in Contact Hypersensitivity in Mice. ACS Nano. 2024;18:29479. 10.1021/acsnano.4c04270
Changhai L, Zaichun W, Bo Y, Dan L, Shaohua W. Micronutrients and Allergic Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2025;186:41. 10.1159/000540376
Maywald M, Rink L. Zinc Deficiency and Zinc Supplementation in Allergic Diseases. Biomolecules. 2024;14. 10.3390/biom14070863
Wei Y, Zhu X, Lin S, Yang W, Wang T, et al. Zinc gluconate improves atopic dermatitis by modulating CXCL10 release of keratinocytes via PPARα activation. Biomed Pharmacother. 2024;177:117129. 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117129