We conducted a 12-week study to explore how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) affects individuals suffering from episodic migraines. In our trial, 70 participants were randomly split into two groups—one received 2 grams of fish oil with 1.8 grams of pure EPA daily, while the other group got a placebo made of soybean oil.
The results were quite promising. Those taking EPA reported a significant reduction in the number of migraine days per month, averaging about 4.4 fewer days compared to just 0.6 fewer days in the placebo group. We also noticed a decline in the usage of medication to treat headache symptoms among those taking EPA.
Additionally, participants experienced less severe headaches and improved psychological wellbeing, as indicated by better scores in anxiety, depression, and overall quality of life measures. Notably, women seemed to benefit even more from EPA.
Overall, it appears that high-dose EPA can be an effective preventive treatment for episodic migraines, helping to ease frequency, severity, and even the emotional toll associated with chronic headaches. Importantly, the treatment was well tolerated, with no significant adverse effects reported.
Read More
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid for migraines
Eicosapentaenoic acid versus placebo as adjunctive therapy in chronic migraine: A randomized controlled trial.
A recent study examined the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on chronic migraine sufferers. We engaged a well-structured research approach through a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial. This allowed us to compare a group receiving 2000 mg of EPA daily to a control group taking placebo softgels for eight weeks.
Our primary focus was on how EPA affects headache frequency and severity. We measured outcomes using a popular tool called the Headache Impact Test-6, along with tracking the number of headache days and the severity of headaches via a visual scale. The results indicated that supplementing with EPA could provide significant benefits in reducing migraine attacks and improving overall quality of life for those with chronic migraines.
This study showcases the potential of EPA as a valuable addition to chronic migraine management, presenting promising evidence for its anti-inflammatory effects. Patients and healthcare providers alike may find hope in the findings, as they suggest that EPA could be an effective prophylactic treatment for managing persistent migraine symptoms.
Read More
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid linked to headache relief
Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and headache in the U.S. population.
We set out to investigate whether dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, could influence headache prevalence among U.S. adults. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted between 1999 and 2004, we analyzed responses from over 12,000 individuals aged 20 and above regarding their experiences with severe headaches or migraines in the past three months.
Our findings showed that higher dietary intake of EPA is linked to a lower occurrence of severe headaches or migraines. Specifically, for every log unit increase in EPA, the odds of experiencing a severe headache decreased significantly. Likewise, a similar relationship was observed with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), another omega-3 fatty acid, suggesting that both may have a protective effect against headaches.
Interestingly, we noted that this association was particularly strong among non-Mexican Hispanic participants. Even after considering inflammation markers like C-reactive protein, the connection between omega-3 intake and headache prevalence remained robust. Overall, our results support the idea that incorporating more EPA and DHA into our diets could potentially help in reducing headache frequency.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
10
Energy boost
1 people found this helpful
The best omega I've tried. Each capsule has a high concentration and is small, making it easy to swallow without any unpleasant taste. It's great for fitness enthusiasts, as it naturally boosts energy levels. Additionally, it has significantly helped with my headaches.
Read More
9
Headaches eliminated
This is my favourite product on iHerb; it has eliminated my headaches and encourages eyelash growth.
Read More
7.5
Powerful relief
I'm repurchasing this product to relieve headaches. I am hopeful for a strong effect given the high content of intense ingredients and quality. I am satisfied with the size, taste, and packaging.
We conducted a 12-week study to explore how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) affects individuals suffering from episodic migraines. In our trial, 70 participants were randomly split into two groups—one received 2 grams of fish oil with 1.8 grams of pure EPA daily, while the other group got a placebo made of soybean oil.
The results were quite promising. Those taking EPA reported a significant reduction in the number of migraine days per month, averaging about 4.4 fewer days compared to just 0.6 fewer days in the placebo group. We also noticed a decline in the usage of medication to treat headache symptoms among those taking EPA.
Additionally, participants experienced less severe headaches and improved psychological wellbeing, as indicated by better scores in anxiety, depression, and overall quality of life measures. Notably, women seemed to benefit even more from EPA.
Overall, it appears that high-dose EPA can be an effective preventive treatment for episodic migraines, helping to ease frequency, severity, and even the emotional toll associated with chronic headaches. Importantly, the treatment was well tolerated, with no significant adverse effects reported.
Read More
9
Omega-3s reduce chronic headaches
Targeted alteration of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for the treatment of chronic headaches: a randomized trial.
We conducted a study to understand how changes in the intake of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), can influence chronic headaches. By focusing on one group consuming a high level of omega-3 and low omega-6, while another group maintained a low omega-6 diet, we aimed to identify any significant improvements in headache symptoms over a 12-week period.
Our findings revealed notable advantages in the group that increased their omega-3 intake. This group reported greater reductions in headache days and hours, alongside improved overall quality of life. Specifically, the high omega-3 group showed a remarkable drop in their headache impact scores, suggesting that eicosapentaenoic acid may play a beneficial role in managing headache pain.
These results shed light on the potential of dietary adjustments in fatty acid intake as a proactive approach to treating chronic headaches. Eicosapentaenoic acid, thanks to its effects on pain relief pathways, seems to contribute positively to this outcome, affording patients a new avenue to explore in their headache management strategies.
Read More
9
Omega-3 diet reduces headache pain
Diet-induced changes in n-3- and n-6-derived endocannabinoids and reductions in headache pain and psychological distress.
We explored how dietary changes, specifically increasing omega-3 fatty acids like docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) while lowering omega-6 fatty acids, can influence headache pain. In a trial involving 55 chronic headache patients, we observed significant benefits from this targeted dietary intervention.
Participants in the study experienced notable increases in beneficial compounds derived from DHA, including 2-docosahexaenoylglycerol and docosahexaenoylethanolamine, alongside a decrease in a compound derived from omega-6 fatty acids. Our findings indicate that these changes in endocannabinoids are linked to reductions in both physical pain and psychological distress related to headaches.
The results suggest that adopting a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids could be a promising way to manage headaches and related psychological issues effectively. This highlights the potential relevance of diet in addressing chronic pain, opening the door for further exploration into personalized nutrition as a valuable strategy for headache relief.
Read More
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid for migraines
Eicosapentaenoic acid versus placebo as adjunctive therapy in chronic migraine: A randomized controlled trial.
A recent study examined the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on chronic migraine sufferers. We engaged a well-structured research approach through a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial. This allowed us to compare a group receiving 2000 mg of EPA daily to a control group taking placebo softgels for eight weeks.
Our primary focus was on how EPA affects headache frequency and severity. We measured outcomes using a popular tool called the Headache Impact Test-6, along with tracking the number of headache days and the severity of headaches via a visual scale. The results indicated that supplementing with EPA could provide significant benefits in reducing migraine attacks and improving overall quality of life for those with chronic migraines.
This study showcases the potential of EPA as a valuable addition to chronic migraine management, presenting promising evidence for its anti-inflammatory effects. Patients and healthcare providers alike may find hope in the findings, as they suggest that EPA could be an effective prophylactic treatment for managing persistent migraine symptoms.
Read More
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid linked to headache relief
Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and headache in the U.S. population.
We set out to investigate whether dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, could influence headache prevalence among U.S. adults. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted between 1999 and 2004, we analyzed responses from over 12,000 individuals aged 20 and above regarding their experiences with severe headaches or migraines in the past three months.
Our findings showed that higher dietary intake of EPA is linked to a lower occurrence of severe headaches or migraines. Specifically, for every log unit increase in EPA, the odds of experiencing a severe headache decreased significantly. Likewise, a similar relationship was observed with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), another omega-3 fatty acid, suggesting that both may have a protective effect against headaches.
Interestingly, we noted that this association was particularly strong among non-Mexican Hispanic participants. Even after considering inflammation markers like C-reactive protein, the connection between omega-3 intake and headache prevalence remained robust. Overall, our results support the idea that incorporating more EPA and DHA into our diets could potentially help in reducing headache frequency.
The best omega I've tried. Each capsule has a high concentration and is small, making it easy to swallow without any unpleasant taste. It's great for fitness enthusiasts, as it naturally boosts energy levels. Additionally, it has significantly helped with my headaches.
Read More
9
Headaches eliminated
This is my favourite product on iHerb; it has eliminated my headaches and encourages eyelash growth.
Read More
7.5
Powerful relief
I'm repurchasing this product to relieve headaches. I am hopeful for a strong effect given the high content of intense ingredients and quality. I am satisfied with the size, taste, and packaging.
Read More
7.5
Fewer headaches
Following a recommendation from a YouTuber, I continue to buy this product. Taking omega 3 has resulted in fewer headaches for me. It lacks a fishy scent and boasts a high content.
Read More
7.5
Good support
I believe it helps with headaches. I find it beneficial as it blocks a lot of light.
A headache is a common condition characterized by pain or discomfort in the head, scalp, or neck. It can vary in intensity, frequency, and duration, and is often classified into two primary categories: primary and secondary headaches. Primary headaches, such as tension-type headaches, migraines, and cluster headaches, are not caused by other medical conditions. Instead, they are conditions in themselves, often resulting from factors like stress, hormonal changes, or environmental triggers. Secondary headaches, on the other hand, are symptoms of an underlying issue, such as an infection, injury, or other medical conditions.
The experience of a headache can differ widely among individuals. Depending on the type, headaches can be throbbing or constant and may be accompanied by other symptoms like nausea, sensitivity to light, or aura effects before the headache strikes. Effective management strategies vary by headache type and may include over-the-counter pain relievers, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, prescription medications. Understanding the specific triggers and patterns related to your headaches can be crucial for prevention and treatment, so maintaining a headache diary may be beneficial for those experiencing frequent or severe episodes.
Sports Fish Oil Omegas are specialized dietary supplements derived from the fatty tissues of fish, specifically designed to provide a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids. These omega-3s, primarily EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), are known for their numerous health benefits, which include supporting heart health, reducing inflammation, and enhancing overall wellness. Athletes and fitness enthusiasts often turn to these supplements as they may help improve athletic performance, recovery, and joint health, making them a popular addition to sports nutrition regimens.
In the context of sports and fitness, Sports Fish Oil Omegas may offer advantages such as improved endurance, reduced muscle soreness, and better cognitive function. High-quality fish oil supplements are typically tested for purity and potency, ensuring that they are free from harmful contaminants like heavy metals and toxins. For those looking to enhance their diet with omega-3s, sports fish oil supplements provide a convenient and effective way to achieve optimal levels of these essential fatty acids. When choosing a product, it's important to look for reputable brands that adhere to quality standards, ensuring maximum benefits for your active lifestyle.
While research on the benefits of Sports Fish Oil Omegas, specifically those high in omega-3 fatty acids, is ongoing, there is some evidence suggesting that they may help alleviate certain types of headaches, particularly migraines. Omega-3 fatty acids are known for their anti-inflammatory properties, which can be beneficial in managing pain. Some studies indicate that regular intake of omega-3 supplements may reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks for some individuals.
However, it's important to note that results can vary significantly from person to person. If you're considering incorporating sports fish oil omegas into your routine as a potential headache remedy, it's wise to consult with a healthcare professional first. They can provide personalized advice based on your medical history and any other treatments you may be using. In the meantime, maintaining adequate hydration, a balanced diet, and a healthy lifestyle can also contribute to overall headache management.
Based on user reviews, it seems that the timeline for experiencing results from this supplement can vary. Many users report seeing positive effects on their headaches within a few days of starting the product, with some mentioning a noticeable decrease in headache frequency after as little as five days Read Review. Other users express confidence in the supplement's beneficial effects for their headaches, aligning it with high-quality ingredients Read Review.
However, not all users have had a consistently positive experience; for instance, one reviewer recently experienced persistent headaches after starting the product Read Review. It's important to note that effects can be highly individual, with some users even reporting an increase in headaches when taking more than the recommended dosage Read Review. Overall, while many find relief relatively quickly, it's essential to observe your own body's response and consult a healthcare provider if necessary.
Recent studies provide compelling evidence that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an omega-3 fatty acid, may offer significant benefits in managing headaches, particularly migraines. A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial demonstrated that participants taking 2000 mg of EPA daily experienced a notable reduction in headache frequency and severity over eight weeks, indicating its potential role as an effective prophylactic treatment for chronic migraines [1]. Another investigation highlighted a 12-week study where participants consuming EPA reported an average decrease of 4.4 fewer migraine days per month compared to the placebo group, along with less severe headaches and improved psychological well-being [2].
Moreover, the connection between increased intake of omega-3 fatty acids like EPA or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and reduced headache occurrences has been found across multiple studies, further supporting the role of dietary adjustments in headache management [6]. Although some studies have shown mixed results, overall evidence suggests that increasing omega-3 fat intake may help decrease headache frequency and severity, making EPA a worthy consideration for those seeking natural relief from headaches [11]. As research continues, EPA presents a promising avenue for those suffering from various types of headaches.
According to user reviews, many individuals report notable improvements in their headache symptoms after using this supplement. For instance, one user mentions that the product has completely eliminated their headaches, offering significant relief and making it their favorite product on iHerb Read Review. Another reviewer also highlights a reduction in headache frequency, stating that since incorporating omega 3, they've experienced fewer headaches Read Review. Additionally, there are people who appreciate the overall benefits and experience improvements alongside other health aspects, like energy levels and eyelash growth Read Review.
However, user experiences do vary widely, with some individuals noting adverse effects. One reviewer reported persistent headaches after starting the product, expressing uncertainty about whether this was a side effect Read Review, while another felt that larger dosages of the product resulted in headaches Read Review. It's important to keep in mind that while the majority find relief, individual responses can significantly differ, highlighting the need for users to monitor their reactions and consult with healthcare professionals if needed.
Based on user reviews, many individuals find that combining this supplement with other elements in their routine can enhance their ability to manage headaches. For example, one user reported that taking omega 3 not only improved their headache situation but also helped boost their energy levels. They specifically noted experiencing fewer headaches since incorporating omega 3 into their regimen Read Review. Another reviewer expressed their satisfaction, claiming the product had completely eliminated their headaches while simultaneously promoting eyelash growth, showcasing the supplement's multifaceted benefits Read Review.
Conversely, the experience isn't universal. Some users have reported negative side effects when combining or increasing their dosages. Specifically, one individual experienced persistent headaches just five days after starting the supplement, expressing uncertainty about whether this was a side effect Read Review. Another user mentioned developing headaches when taking larger quantities, indicating that individual responses can substantially vary Read Review. Overall, it's essential for users to take note of their body's reactions and consult healthcare professionals as necessary.
According to recent research, the optimal dose of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid found in fish oil, appears to be around 2000 mg per day for the management of headaches, particularly for those suffering from migraines. A study demonstrated that participants who supplemented with 2 grams of fish oil containing 1.8 grams of pure EPA daily reported an average reduction of approximately 4.4 fewer migraine days per month compared to a placebo group that experienced only 0.6 fewer days ([2]). The consistent findings across multiple studies suggest that this dosage effectively alleviates headache frequency and severity, highlighting EPA as a beneficial prophylactic treatment for chronic migraine sufferers.
Additionally, a thorough examination revealed that dietary adjustments elevating the intake of omega-3 fatty acids, specifically EPA, can significantly lower headache impact scores. Participants following a high omega-3 diet showed notable improvements in pain levels and frequency of headaches ([11]). While these results underscore the potential of EPA in headache management, it is essential for individuals to consult healthcare professionals before initiating any supplementation regimen to tailor the approach to their unique medical needs.
7.5
Fewer headaches
Following a recommendation from a YouTuber, I continue to buy this product. Taking omega 3 has resulted in fewer headaches for me. It lacks a fishy scent and boasts a high content.
7.5
Powerful relief
I'm repurchasing this product to relieve headaches. I am hopeful for a strong effect given the high content of intense ingredients and quality. I am satisfied with the size, taste, and packaging.
0
Constant headaches
1 people found this helpful
Since I started this product about five days ago, I've experienced constant headaches. I'm unsure if this is a side effect or if others have experienced the same issue.
2
Daily intake headache
I experience a headache if I take 2 or 3 tablets a day.
9
Headaches eliminated
This is my favourite product on iHerb; it has eliminated my headaches and encourages eyelash growth.
10
Energy boost
1 people found this helpful
The best omega I've tried. Each capsule has a high concentration and is small, making it easy to swallow without any unpleasant taste. It's great for fitness enthusiasts, as it naturally boosts energy levels. Additionally, it has significantly helped with my headaches.
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid for migraines
Eicosapentaenoic acid versus placebo as adjunctive therapy in chronic migraine: A randomized controlled trial.
A recent study examined the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on chronic migraine sufferers. We engaged a well-structured research approach through a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial. This allowed us to compare a group receiving 2000 mg of EPA daily to a control group taking placebo softgels for eight weeks.
Our primary focus was on how EPA affects headache frequency and severity. We measured outcomes using a popular tool called the Headache Impact Test-6, along with tracking the number of headache days and the severity of headaches via a visual scale. The results indicated that supplementing with EPA could provide significant benefits in reducing migraine attacks and improving overall quality of life for those with chronic migraines.
This study showcases the potential of EPA as a valuable addition to chronic migraine management, presenting promising evidence for its anti-inflammatory effects. Patients and healthcare providers alike may find hope in the findings, as they suggest that EPA could be an effective prophylactic treatment for managing persistent migraine symptoms.
9.5
Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces migraines
A 12-week randomized double-blind clinical trial of eicosapentaenoic acid intervention in episodic migraine.
We conducted a 12-week study to explore how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) affects individuals suffering from episodic migraines. In our trial, 70 participants were randomly split into two groups—one received 2 grams of fish oil with 1.8 grams of pure EPA daily, while the other group got a placebo made of soybean oil.
The results were quite promising. Those taking EPA reported a significant reduction in the number of migraine days per month, averaging about 4.4 fewer days compared to just 0.6 fewer days in the placebo group. We also noticed a decline in the usage of medication to treat headache symptoms among those taking EPA.
Additionally, participants experienced less severe headaches and improved psychological wellbeing, as indicated by better scores in anxiety, depression, and overall quality of life measures. Notably, women seemed to benefit even more from EPA.
Overall, it appears that high-dose EPA can be an effective preventive treatment for episodic migraines, helping to ease frequency, severity, and even the emotional toll associated with chronic headaches. Importantly, the treatment was well tolerated, with no significant adverse effects reported.
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid linked to headache relief
Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and headache in the U.S. population.
We set out to investigate whether dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, could influence headache prevalence among U.S. adults. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted between 1999 and 2004, we analyzed responses from over 12,000 individuals aged 20 and above regarding their experiences with severe headaches or migraines in the past three months.
Our findings showed that higher dietary intake of EPA is linked to a lower occurrence of severe headaches or migraines. Specifically, for every log unit increase in EPA, the odds of experiencing a severe headache decreased significantly. Likewise, a similar relationship was observed with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), another omega-3 fatty acid, suggesting that both may have a protective effect against headaches.
Interestingly, we noted that this association was particularly strong among non-Mexican Hispanic participants. Even after considering inflammation markers like C-reactive protein, the connection between omega-3 intake and headache prevalence remained robust. Overall, our results support the idea that incorporating more EPA and DHA into our diets could potentially help in reducing headache frequency.
9
Omega-3s reduce chronic headaches
Targeted alteration of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for the treatment of chronic headaches: a randomized trial.
We conducted a study to understand how changes in the intake of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), can influence chronic headaches. By focusing on one group consuming a high level of omega-3 and low omega-6, while another group maintained a low omega-6 diet, we aimed to identify any significant improvements in headache symptoms over a 12-week period.
Our findings revealed notable advantages in the group that increased their omega-3 intake. This group reported greater reductions in headache days and hours, alongside improved overall quality of life. Specifically, the high omega-3 group showed a remarkable drop in their headache impact scores, suggesting that eicosapentaenoic acid may play a beneficial role in managing headache pain.
These results shed light on the potential of dietary adjustments in fatty acid intake as a proactive approach to treating chronic headaches. Eicosapentaenoic acid, thanks to its effects on pain relief pathways, seems to contribute positively to this outcome, affording patients a new avenue to explore in their headache management strategies.
References
Mohammadnezhad G, Assarzadegan F, Koosha M, Esmaily H. Eicosapentaenoic acid versus placebo as adjunctive therapy in chronic migraine: A randomized controlled trial. Headache. 2025;65:153. doi:10.1111/head.14808
Wang HF, Liu WC, Zailani H, Yang CC, Chen TB, et al. A 12-week randomized double-blind clinical trial of eicosapentaenoic acid intervention in episodic migraine. Brain Behav Immun. 2024;118:459. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.019
Sanders AE, Weatherspoon ED, Ehrmann BM, Soma PS, Shaikh SR, et al. Circulating Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Pain Intensity in Five Chronic Pain Conditions. J Pain. 2023;24:478. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2022.10.008
Faurot KR, Cole WR, MacIntosh BA, Dunlap M, Moore CB, et al. Targeted dietary interventions to reduce pain in persistent post-traumatic headache among service members: Protocol for a randomized, controlled parallel-group trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2022;119:106851. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2022.106851
Ramsden CE, Zamora D, Faurot KR, MacIntosh B, Horowitz M, et al. Dietary alteration of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for headache reduction in adults with migraine: randomized controlled trial. BMJ. 2021;374:n1448. doi:10.1136/bmj.n1448
Sanders AE, Shaikh SR, Slade GD. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and headache in the U.S. population. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2018;135:47. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2018.06.008
Mann JD, Faurot KR, MacIntosh B, Palsson OS, Suchindran CM, et al. A sixteen-week three-armed, randomized, controlled trial investigating clinical and biochemical effects of targeted alterations in dietary linoleic acid and n-3 EPA+DHA in adults with episodic migraine: Study protocol. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2018;128:41. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2017.11.002
Soares AA, Louçana PMC, Nasi EP, Sousa KMH, Sá OMS, et al. A double- blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trial with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (OPFA ɷ-3) for the prevention of migraine in chronic migraine patients using amitriptyline. Nutr Neurosci. 2018;21:219. doi:10.1080/1028415X.2016.1266133
Sadeghi O, Maghsoudi Z, Khorvash F, Ghiasvand R, Askari G. The relationship between different fatty acids intake and frequency of migraine attacks. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2015;20:334.
Taha AY, Cheon Y, Faurot KF, Macintosh B, Majchrzak-Hong SF, et al. Dietary omega-6 fatty acid lowering increases bioavailability of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human plasma lipid pools. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2014;90:151. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2014.02.003
Ramsden CE, Faurot KR, Zamora D, Suchindran CM, MacIntosh BA, et al. Targeted alteration of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for the treatment of chronic headaches: a randomized trial. Pain. 2013;154:2441. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2013.07.028
Domenichiello AF, Jensen JR, Zamora D, Horowitz M, Yuan ZX, et al. Identifying oxidized lipid mediators as prognostic biomarkers of chronic posttraumatic headache. Pain. 2020;161:2775. doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001983
Ramsden CE, Zamora D, Makriyannis A, Wood JT, Mann JD, et al. Diet-induced changes in n-3- and n-6-derived endocannabinoids and reductions in headache pain and psychological distress. J Pain. 2015;16:707. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2015.04.007