Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Moderately Effective
Based on 16 Researches
8.8
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 7 Reviews
8.1
Supplement Facts
Serving Size:
Amount Per Serving
%DV
†Daily Value not established.
Top Medical Research Studies
9
Melatonin mitigates banana cold injury
We explored how melatonin treatment affects chilling injury in bananas during cold storage. The study revealed that bananas treated with 500 μmol L of melatonin significantly reduced the signs of chilling injury compared to untreated control fruits during 96 hours of storage.
We observed notable changes in the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. The melatonin-treated bananas showed lower rates of ROS production while also displaying higher levels of beneficial compounds like ascorbic acid and glutathione. Furthermore, the treatment helped maintain the activity of key antioxidant enzymes that typically decline under cold stress.
A thorough analysis of gene expression found 1858 differentially expressed genes, indicating how melatonin influences various biological pathways in the fruit. Interestingly, melatonin seems to boost the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes while inhibiting the expression of a gene responsible for ROS production.
Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into how melatonin can effectively mitigate cold-related injuries in bananas, helping preserve their quality during storage.
We observed notable changes in the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. The melatonin-treated bananas showed lower rates of ROS production while also displaying higher levels of beneficial compounds like ascorbic acid and glutathione. Furthermore, the treatment helped maintain the activity of key antioxidant enzymes that typically decline under cold stress.
A thorough analysis of gene expression found 1858 differentially expressed genes, indicating how melatonin influences various biological pathways in the fruit. Interestingly, melatonin seems to boost the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes while inhibiting the expression of a gene responsible for ROS production.
Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into how melatonin can effectively mitigate cold-related injuries in bananas, helping preserve their quality during storage.
9
We investigated how different concentrations of melatonin can help maintain the quality of winter jujube—a fruit that can suffer during cold storage. Specifically, we treated the jujubes with melatonin at concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 µmol/L and stored them for 90 days at a chilly 0 ± 1 °C with high humidity.
Our focus was on how melatonin impacts fruit quality and the antioxidant systems in this fruit, which is crucial since refrigeration often leads to a decline in quality. We found that melatonin treatment significantly helped in retaining the fruits' firmness and overall quality, while also slowing down the loss of weight, sweetness, and acidity.
Moreover, melatonin appeared to enhance the antioxidant defenses in the jujubes. This was indicated by increased activities of various antioxidant enzymes, and reductions in harmful compounds like malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide. Among the treatments, the highest concentration of 200 µmol/L yielded the most impressive results.
Overall, our findings suggest that melatonin treatment can be a valuable tool in preserving the cold-stored quality of winter jujube by boosting its antioxidant capacity, which is essential for extending the shelf life of this fruit.
Our focus was on how melatonin impacts fruit quality and the antioxidant systems in this fruit, which is crucial since refrigeration often leads to a decline in quality. We found that melatonin treatment significantly helped in retaining the fruits' firmness and overall quality, while also slowing down the loss of weight, sweetness, and acidity.
Moreover, melatonin appeared to enhance the antioxidant defenses in the jujubes. This was indicated by increased activities of various antioxidant enzymes, and reductions in harmful compounds like malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide. Among the treatments, the highest concentration of 200 µmol/L yielded the most impressive results.
Overall, our findings suggest that melatonin treatment can be a valuable tool in preserving the cold-stored quality of winter jujube by boosting its antioxidant capacity, which is essential for extending the shelf life of this fruit.
9
Our research aimed to uncover how melatonin influences cold stress tolerance in watermelon. We found that when watermelon plants overexpress a specific melatonin biosynthetic gene, ClCOMT1, or when we applied melatonin externally, these plants showed enhanced resistance to cold temperatures. This improved tolerance was linked to the activation of a key pathway known as the CBF-responsive pathway.
Interestingly, we observed that levels of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (HS) increased alongside the activation of genes responsible for generating these molecules. The plant genes ClNR1 and ClLCD play critical roles in this process. In contrast, knocking out ClCOMT1 led to opposite results, weakening the plants' cold tolerance.
By applying sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, and NaHS, a HS donor, we were able to further trigger the CBF pathway and bolster cold resistance in the plants. However, when we knocked out either ClNR1 or ClLCD, the production of NO or HS was inhibited, respectively, leading to a loss of the cold tolerance response triggered by melatonin.
Our findings highlight a self-amplifying loop between NO and HS, suggesting that melatonin’s ability to enhance cold tolerance in watermelon is correspondingly linked to these crucial signaling molecules. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the role of melatonin in plant resilience against cold stress.
Interestingly, we observed that levels of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (HS) increased alongside the activation of genes responsible for generating these molecules. The plant genes ClNR1 and ClLCD play critical roles in this process. In contrast, knocking out ClCOMT1 led to opposite results, weakening the plants' cold tolerance.
By applying sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, and NaHS, a HS donor, we were able to further trigger the CBF pathway and bolster cold resistance in the plants. However, when we knocked out either ClNR1 or ClLCD, the production of NO or HS was inhibited, respectively, leading to a loss of the cold tolerance response triggered by melatonin.
Our findings highlight a self-amplifying loop between NO and HS, suggesting that melatonin’s ability to enhance cold tolerance in watermelon is correspondingly linked to these crucial signaling molecules. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the role of melatonin in plant resilience against cold stress.
Most Useful Reviews
9
Strong immunity boost
These excellent vitamins, consumed since January, have clearly made a difference. I no longer feel constantly fatigued, and my energy levels have risen, benefiting both my daily activities and sports. My immunity has strengthened—I haven’t caught a cold amidst the winter months. The long-lasting dosage allows for less frequent consumption, contributing positively to my health.
7.5
Soothing relief
An excellent ointment made from clean ingredients, safe for both children and adults, including infants from two months old, effective for itching and colds. It significantly alleviates ear pain and reduces fatigue. The scent is pleasant and soothing, ensuring it does not suffocate the child. Based on past experiences with bruises, it has proven quite beneficial.
7.5
Helpful sleep aid
Previously, I used a liquid form, but this time opted for chewables which my children enjoy. It’s a reasonably effective melatonin supplement, particularly useful when they have a cold or return home late, allowing them to settle down to sleep quickly.
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Moderately Effective
Based on 16 Researches
8.8
- All Researches
9
Melatonin mitigates banana cold injury
We explored how melatonin treatment affects chilling injury in bananas during cold storage. The study revealed that bananas treated with 500 μmol L of melatonin significantly reduced the signs of chilling injury compared to untreated control fruits during 96 hours of storage.
We observed notable changes in the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. The melatonin-treated bananas showed lower rates of ROS production while also displaying higher levels of beneficial compounds like ascorbic acid and glutathione. Furthermore, the treatment helped maintain the activity of key antioxidant enzymes that typically decline under cold stress.
A thorough analysis of gene expression found 1858 differentially expressed genes, indicating how melatonin influences various biological pathways in the fruit. Interestingly, melatonin seems to boost the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes while inhibiting the expression of a gene responsible for ROS production.
Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into how melatonin can effectively mitigate cold-related injuries in bananas, helping preserve their quality during storage.
We observed notable changes in the activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. The melatonin-treated bananas showed lower rates of ROS production while also displaying higher levels of beneficial compounds like ascorbic acid and glutathione. Furthermore, the treatment helped maintain the activity of key antioxidant enzymes that typically decline under cold stress.
A thorough analysis of gene expression found 1858 differentially expressed genes, indicating how melatonin influences various biological pathways in the fruit. Interestingly, melatonin seems to boost the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes while inhibiting the expression of a gene responsible for ROS production.
Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into how melatonin can effectively mitigate cold-related injuries in bananas, helping preserve their quality during storage.
9
We investigated how different concentrations of melatonin can help maintain the quality of winter jujube—a fruit that can suffer during cold storage. Specifically, we treated the jujubes with melatonin at concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 µmol/L and stored them for 90 days at a chilly 0 ± 1 °C with high humidity.
Our focus was on how melatonin impacts fruit quality and the antioxidant systems in this fruit, which is crucial since refrigeration often leads to a decline in quality. We found that melatonin treatment significantly helped in retaining the fruits' firmness and overall quality, while also slowing down the loss of weight, sweetness, and acidity.
Moreover, melatonin appeared to enhance the antioxidant defenses in the jujubes. This was indicated by increased activities of various antioxidant enzymes, and reductions in harmful compounds like malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide. Among the treatments, the highest concentration of 200 µmol/L yielded the most impressive results.
Overall, our findings suggest that melatonin treatment can be a valuable tool in preserving the cold-stored quality of winter jujube by boosting its antioxidant capacity, which is essential for extending the shelf life of this fruit.
Our focus was on how melatonin impacts fruit quality and the antioxidant systems in this fruit, which is crucial since refrigeration often leads to a decline in quality. We found that melatonin treatment significantly helped in retaining the fruits' firmness and overall quality, while also slowing down the loss of weight, sweetness, and acidity.
Moreover, melatonin appeared to enhance the antioxidant defenses in the jujubes. This was indicated by increased activities of various antioxidant enzymes, and reductions in harmful compounds like malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide. Among the treatments, the highest concentration of 200 µmol/L yielded the most impressive results.
Overall, our findings suggest that melatonin treatment can be a valuable tool in preserving the cold-stored quality of winter jujube by boosting its antioxidant capacity, which is essential for extending the shelf life of this fruit.
9
Our research aimed to uncover how melatonin influences cold stress tolerance in watermelon. We found that when watermelon plants overexpress a specific melatonin biosynthetic gene, ClCOMT1, or when we applied melatonin externally, these plants showed enhanced resistance to cold temperatures. This improved tolerance was linked to the activation of a key pathway known as the CBF-responsive pathway.
Interestingly, we observed that levels of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (HS) increased alongside the activation of genes responsible for generating these molecules. The plant genes ClNR1 and ClLCD play critical roles in this process. In contrast, knocking out ClCOMT1 led to opposite results, weakening the plants' cold tolerance.
By applying sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, and NaHS, a HS donor, we were able to further trigger the CBF pathway and bolster cold resistance in the plants. However, when we knocked out either ClNR1 or ClLCD, the production of NO or HS was inhibited, respectively, leading to a loss of the cold tolerance response triggered by melatonin.
Our findings highlight a self-amplifying loop between NO and HS, suggesting that melatonin’s ability to enhance cold tolerance in watermelon is correspondingly linked to these crucial signaling molecules. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the role of melatonin in plant resilience against cold stress.
Interestingly, we observed that levels of nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (HS) increased alongside the activation of genes responsible for generating these molecules. The plant genes ClNR1 and ClLCD play critical roles in this process. In contrast, knocking out ClCOMT1 led to opposite results, weakening the plants' cold tolerance.
By applying sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor, and NaHS, a HS donor, we were able to further trigger the CBF pathway and bolster cold resistance in the plants. However, when we knocked out either ClNR1 or ClLCD, the production of NO or HS was inhibited, respectively, leading to a loss of the cold tolerance response triggered by melatonin.
Our findings highlight a self-amplifying loop between NO and HS, suggesting that melatonin’s ability to enhance cold tolerance in watermelon is correspondingly linked to these crucial signaling molecules. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the role of melatonin in plant resilience against cold stress.
9
Melatonin aids passion fruit cold resistance
We explored the effects of melatonin on chilling injury (CI) in passion fruit, which often suffers when stored at low temperatures. To investigate this, we treated passion fruit with melatonin before storing them at 5°C and compared the results to a control group that received only water.
During the storage period, we discovered that the melatonin-treated fruits had significantly lower levels of chilling injury. This included reduced cell membrane damage and a decrease in harmful substances that contribute to CI, such as superoxide anions and malondialdehyde.
Additionally, the melatonin treatment boosted the fruits' antioxidant defenses. We observed increased levels of important antioxidants like ascorbic acid and glutathione, as well as enhanced activity of various antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, we noted changes in the fruit's membrane lipid profile, leading to a healthier cell membrane structure, which is crucial for resisting cold stress.
By optimizing membrane integrity and improving antioxidant capacity, melatonin seems to effectively delay the chilling injury process in passion fruit, thereby potentially extending its shelf life and quality after cold storage.
During the storage period, we discovered that the melatonin-treated fruits had significantly lower levels of chilling injury. This included reduced cell membrane damage and a decrease in harmful substances that contribute to CI, such as superoxide anions and malondialdehyde.
Additionally, the melatonin treatment boosted the fruits' antioxidant defenses. We observed increased levels of important antioxidants like ascorbic acid and glutathione, as well as enhanced activity of various antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, we noted changes in the fruit's membrane lipid profile, leading to a healthier cell membrane structure, which is crucial for resisting cold stress.
By optimizing membrane integrity and improving antioxidant capacity, melatonin seems to effectively delay the chilling injury process in passion fruit, thereby potentially extending its shelf life and quality after cold storage.
9
We explored how melatonin can help cucumber seedlings withstand cold stress when combined with selenium. Our research showed that when we applied selenite, an agent containing selenium, the levels of abscisic acid—a key hormone—changed significantly under cold conditions.
Intriguingly, we observed that iron uptake and distribution also shifted during this process. This change in iron levels seems to play a crucial role in how selenium supports cold tolerance. Through analyzing the gene activity in both the leaves and roots of the seedlings, we identified important genes that likely contribute to this effect.
To further understand the relationship between melatonin and abscisic acid in enhancing cold tolerance, we used specific inhibitors to block their functions. Our findings suggest that melatonin acts as an early signal for the activity of abscisic acid in connection with selenium’s benefits. We also found that a transcription factor, CsGATA3, directly influences melatonin production, which in turn affects cold resilience.
Overall, our study offers valuable insights for cucumber farming, especially for improving cold tolerance through smart use of melatonin and selenium.
Intriguingly, we observed that iron uptake and distribution also shifted during this process. This change in iron levels seems to play a crucial role in how selenium supports cold tolerance. Through analyzing the gene activity in both the leaves and roots of the seedlings, we identified important genes that likely contribute to this effect.
To further understand the relationship between melatonin and abscisic acid in enhancing cold tolerance, we used specific inhibitors to block their functions. Our findings suggest that melatonin acts as an early signal for the activity of abscisic acid in connection with selenium’s benefits. We also found that a transcription factor, CsGATA3, directly influences melatonin production, which in turn affects cold resilience.
Overall, our study offers valuable insights for cucumber farming, especially for improving cold tolerance through smart use of melatonin and selenium.
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 7 Reviews
8.1
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
9
Strong immunity boost
These excellent vitamins, consumed since January, have clearly made a difference. I no longer feel constantly fatigued, and my energy levels have risen, benefiting both my daily activities and sports. My immunity has strengthened—I haven’t caught a cold amidst the winter months. The long-lasting dosage allows for less frequent consumption, contributing positively to my health.
7.5
Soothing relief
An excellent ointment made from clean ingredients, safe for both children and adults, including infants from two months old, effective for itching and colds. It significantly alleviates ear pain and reduces fatigue. The scent is pleasant and soothing, ensuring it does not suffocate the child. Based on past experiences with bruises, it has proven quite beneficial.
7.5
Helpful sleep aid
Previously, I used a liquid form, but this time opted for chewables which my children enjoy. It’s a reasonably effective melatonin supplement, particularly useful when they have a cold or return home late, allowing them to settle down to sleep quickly.
7.5
Surprising efficacy
A month ago, an unusual cold—not coronavirus or influenza—spread among my children. During this, I purchased this product as a last resort. To my astonishment, after giving it to my child following a bath, he slept through the night! The delightful taste was a hit, and although I’m cautious, it feels like a reassuring remedy for difficult nights.
6
Aid for sleep struggles
We used these for jetlag while travelling from Asia to North America. They helped my son fall asleep but he would wake shortly after. While they were effective for his cold-induced sleeplessness, they weren't strong enough for jetlag, leading us to use children's Benadryl instead.
Frequently Asked Questions
7.5
Surprising efficacy
A month ago, an unusual cold—not coronavirus or influenza—spread among my children. During this, I purchased this product as a last resort. To my astonishment, after giving it to my child following a bath, he slept through the night! The delightful taste was a hit, and although I’m cautious, it feels like a reassuring remedy for difficult nights.
6
Aid for sleep struggles
We used these for jetlag while travelling from Asia to North America. They helped my son fall asleep but he would wake shortly after. While they were effective for his cold-induced sleeplessness, they weren't strong enough for jetlag, leading us to use children's Benadryl instead.
7.5
Effective during illness
Fantastic product! We have used it during colds and for jetlag. When my daughter was three, she would fall asleep in just 15 minutes. Now, at four, it takes between 30 to 60 minutes, still providing effective results.
9
Strong immunity boost
These excellent vitamins, consumed since January, have clearly made a difference. I no longer feel constantly fatigued, and my energy levels have risen, benefiting both my daily activities and sports. My immunity has strengthened—I haven’t caught a cold amidst the winter months. The long-lasting dosage allows for less frequent consumption, contributing positively to my health.
7.5
Helpful sleep aid
Previously, I used a liquid form, but this time opted for chewables which my children enjoy. It’s a reasonably effective melatonin supplement, particularly useful when they have a cold or return home late, allowing them to settle down to sleep quickly.
References
- Wu Y, Bai L, Dai X, Ba L, Wan J, et al. Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the reactive oxygen species metabolism involving in melatonin-alleviated chilling injury in postharvest banana fruit. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2025;222:109693. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109693
- Shan Q, Liu W, Ni X, Li M, Sun Y, et al. Serotonin Mitigates ColdStress-Induced Damage in Through Modulating the Endogenous Melatonin- and Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26. doi:10.3390/ijms26041635
- Hei H, Tang H, Zhao R, Li G, Shi F. Effect of Melatonin Treatment on Storage Quality and Antioxidant System of Postharvest Winter Jujube ( Mill. cv. Dongzao). Foods. 2025;14. doi:10.3390/foods14040576
- Guo Y, Li J, Liu L, Liu J, Yang W, et al. A self-amplifying NO-HS loop mediates melatonin-induced CBF-responsive pathway and cold tolerance in watermelon. Plant J. 2025;121:e70025. doi:10.1111/tpj.70025
- Zhou F, Gao Y, Wang H, Gou S, Zhao Y, et al. CsERF21-l-CsASA2 module positively regulates cold tolerance by promoting tryptophan biosynthesis in tea plants. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2025;221:109610. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109610
- Lin Y, Chen H, Chen Y, Tan B, Jiang X. Melatonin alleviated chilling injury of cold-stored passion fruit by modulating cell membrane structure via acting on antioxidant ability and membrane lipid metabolism. Curr Res Food Sci. 2025;10:100951. doi:10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100951
- Wen D, Yang N, Zhang W, Wang X, Zhang J, et al. GATA3-COMT1-Melatonin as Upstream Signaling of ABA Participated in Se-Enhanced Cold Tolerance by Regulate Iron Uptake and Distribution in Cucumis sativus L. J Pineal Res. 2025;77:e70028. doi:10.1111/jpi.70028
- Chang J, Guo Y, Li J, Liu L, Liu J, et al. Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 20 regulates melatonin-induced calcium signaling and cold tolerance in watermelon. Plant Physiol. 2025;197. doi:10.1093/plphys/kiae630
- Lei L, Ding G, Cao L, Zhou J, Luo Y, et al. Genome-wide identification of CRF gene family members in four rice subspecies and expression analysis of OsCRF members in response to cold stress at seedling stage. Sci Rep. 2024;14:28446. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-79950-7
- Meng L, Feng Y, Zhao M, Jang T, Bi H, et al. Hydrogen peroxide mediates melatonin-induced chilling tolerance in cucumber seedlings. Plant Cell Rep. 2024;43:279. doi:10.1007/s00299-024-03332-6
- Kaur J, Singh Z, Mazhar MS, Shah HMS, Afrifa-Yamoah E, et al. Postharvest melatonin application attenuates browning, delays softening, and maintains the antioxidant potential of jackfruit bulbs. Food Chem. 2025;465:141957. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141957
- Wan J, Wu Y, Tong Z, Su W, Lin H, et al. Melatonin Treatment Alleviates Chilling Injury of Loquat Fruit via Modulating ROS Metabolism. Foods. 2024;13. doi:10.3390/foods13193050
- Yuan X, Li J, Zhang X, Ai X, Bi H. Auxin as a downstream signal positively participates in melatonin-mediated chilling tolerance of cucumber. Physiol Plant. 2024;176:e14526. doi:10.1111/ppl.14526
- Song X, Kong F, Liu BF, Song Q, Ren NQ, et al. Antioxidants alleviated low-temperature stress in microalgae by modulating reactive oxygen species to improve lipid production and antioxidant defense. Bioresour Technol. 2024;413:131451. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131451
- Pei ZQ, Ma C, Dong CY, Xu TT, Chai CH, et al. Target of rapamycin coordinates auxin are involved in exogenous melatonin regulated low temperature tolerance in cucumber seedlings. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2024;215:109055. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109055
- Zhu J, Lou H, Yan C, Zhang W, Li Z. Exogenous Melatonin Enhances Cold Tolerance by Regulating the Expression of Photosynthetic Performance, Antioxidant System, and Related Genes in Cotton. Plants (Basel). 2024;13. doi:10.3390/plants13152010
