Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses powerful drugs to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells. Typically administered through intravenous injections or oral medications, chemotherapy works by targeting rapidly dividing cells, a characteristic of many cancerous tumors. However, it can also affect healthy cells that divide quickly, leading to common side effects such as nausea, fatigue, hair loss, and increased susceptibility to infections. The goal of chemotherapy can vary; it might be used to cure cancer, to control its growth, or to alleviate symptoms associated with the disease.
Chemotherapy can be administered in various ways depending on the type of cancer, its stage, and the overall health of the patient. Some patients may receive chemotherapy before surgery (neoadjuvant treatment) to shrink tumors, while others may receive it after surgery (adjuvant treatment) to eliminate any remaining cancer cells. Treatment plans are often customized, with dosing schedules that may vary from person to person. While chemotherapy can be effective in managing cancer, it is essential for patients to discuss potential risks and benefits with their healthcare team to ensure the best possible approach tailored to their specific circumstances.