Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Moderately Effective
Based on 6 Researches
8
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 12 Reviews
8.2
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 2 Tablets
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Magnesium (from 2,000 mg magnesium lysinate glycinate chelate) (Albion®)
200 mg
48%
Top Medical Research Studies
8
We explored the connection between serum magnesium levels and the occurrence of severe bilateral subjective tinnitus. This study involved 76 patients suffering from this distressing condition and compared them to 86 healthy participants.
By measuring and analyzing the magnesium levels in both groups, we observed that those with tinnitus had significantly lower magnesium concentrations—1.8 mg/dL compared to 2.3 mg/dL in the control group. This difference suggests that magnesium may play a role in the body’s response to tinnitus.
Our findings indicate that magnesium could be an important factor in understanding the pathophysiology of subjective tinnitus. While this doesn’t confirm that magnesium treatment will alleviate tinnitus symptoms, it certainly opens up avenues for further research in this area.
By measuring and analyzing the magnesium levels in both groups, we observed that those with tinnitus had significantly lower magnesium concentrations—1.8 mg/dL compared to 2.3 mg/dL in the control group. This difference suggests that magnesium may play a role in the body’s response to tinnitus.
Our findings indicate that magnesium could be an important factor in understanding the pathophysiology of subjective tinnitus. While this doesn’t confirm that magnesium treatment will alleviate tinnitus symptoms, it certainly opens up avenues for further research in this area.
Read More
7
Magnesium may ease tinnitus symptoms
We set out to understand whether magnesium supplementation could help alleviate tinnitus, a persistent ringing or noise in the ears that affects many individuals. In our study, we observed 26 patients who were experiencing moderate to severe tinnitus symptoms. Over three months, participants took a daily dose of 532 mg of magnesium and reported their tinnitus severity using a simple scale.
Patients rated their tinnitus distress each day, while also completing a standardized questionnaire at the beginning and end of the study. This approach allowed us to gather direct feedback from participants about their experiences with magnesium. After analyzing the results, it became clear that magnesium might indeed have a positive effect on reducing the perceived handicap associated with tinnitus.
Although we did not use a placebo group for this exploratory phase, the findings suggest there could be real potential for magnesium as a supportive treatment for those struggling with tinnitus. It’s encouraging to think that something as common as magnesium, often lacking in many diets, could make a difference for individuals dealing with this challenging condition.
Patients rated their tinnitus distress each day, while also completing a standardized questionnaire at the beginning and end of the study. This approach allowed us to gather direct feedback from participants about their experiences with magnesium. After analyzing the results, it became clear that magnesium might indeed have a positive effect on reducing the perceived handicap associated with tinnitus.
Although we did not use a placebo group for this exploratory phase, the findings suggest there could be real potential for magnesium as a supportive treatment for those struggling with tinnitus. It’s encouraging to think that something as common as magnesium, often lacking in many diets, could make a difference for individuals dealing with this challenging condition.
Read More
9
Magnesium's potential in tinnitus treatment
We explored the potential of magnesium as a treatment for tinnitus, a condition characterized by persistent ringing or buzzing in the ears. The research indicates that magnesium may have protective effects on inner ear health, particularly in the context of glutamate neurotoxicity, which is believed to contribute to hearing loss and tinnitus.
The study highlights that magnesium, along with other compounds like Caroverine, has shown statistically significant benefits in treating noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus. However, it's essential to note that while these findings are promising, the specific effects of magnesium alone in isolated situations require further investigation before we can definitively recommend its use for tinnitus.
Overall, this research invites us to be optimistic but cautious. As we continue to search for effective therapies for tinnitus, magnesium might be one tool in our toolbox, but more studies are needed to fully understand its mechanisms and effectiveness.
The study highlights that magnesium, along with other compounds like Caroverine, has shown statistically significant benefits in treating noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus. However, it's essential to note that while these findings are promising, the specific effects of magnesium alone in isolated situations require further investigation before we can definitively recommend its use for tinnitus.
Overall, this research invites us to be optimistic but cautious. As we continue to search for effective therapies for tinnitus, magnesium might be one tool in our toolbox, but more studies are needed to fully understand its mechanisms and effectiveness.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Considerable improvement
5 people found this helpful
It seems to improve my tinnitus. After researching, I found that Magnesium may provide some relief. I started with the recommended dosage but adjusted it to one tablet twice a day, which has considerably helped my tinnitus. It's important to find what works for you, as too much magnesium can lead to side effects.
Read More
10
Tinnitus resolved
1 people found this helpful
My favourite form of magnesium. When choosing magnesium, I opted for this brand (which I also use for other products) as I am very pleased with their quality. This form, magnesium bisglycinate, is a chelated version that absorbs well. Unlike citrate, it does not cause laxation or stomach discomfort. The capsules are large but easy to swallow. I've been taking magnesium for two years, and since starting, my tinnitus has completely disappeared, as have muscle pains after training. I've also stopped worrying about trifles, which indicates that the medication works.
Read More
10
Pulsatile tinnitus relief
1 people found this helpful
I was surprised. The pulsatile tinnitus that had troubled me for so long ceased when I started taking this supplement. I visited many doctors who couldn’t determine the cause, and I despaired at the thought of living with it indefinitely. I initially bought it to aid sleep, but it remarkably worked for my tinnitus, which was a pleasant surprise. I plan to buy it again.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Moderately Effective
Based on 6 Researches
8
- All Researches
9
Magnesium's potential in tinnitus treatment
We explored the potential of magnesium as a treatment for tinnitus, a condition characterized by persistent ringing or buzzing in the ears. The research indicates that magnesium may have protective effects on inner ear health, particularly in the context of glutamate neurotoxicity, which is believed to contribute to hearing loss and tinnitus.
The study highlights that magnesium, along with other compounds like Caroverine, has shown statistically significant benefits in treating noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus. However, it's essential to note that while these findings are promising, the specific effects of magnesium alone in isolated situations require further investigation before we can definitively recommend its use for tinnitus.
Overall, this research invites us to be optimistic but cautious. As we continue to search for effective therapies for tinnitus, magnesium might be one tool in our toolbox, but more studies are needed to fully understand its mechanisms and effectiveness.
The study highlights that magnesium, along with other compounds like Caroverine, has shown statistically significant benefits in treating noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus. However, it's essential to note that while these findings are promising, the specific effects of magnesium alone in isolated situations require further investigation before we can definitively recommend its use for tinnitus.
Overall, this research invites us to be optimistic but cautious. As we continue to search for effective therapies for tinnitus, magnesium might be one tool in our toolbox, but more studies are needed to fully understand its mechanisms and effectiveness.
Read More
8
Magnesium may alleviate tinnitus symptoms
We explored the effectiveness of a daily supplement called AUDISTIM Day/Night, which includes magnesium along with various vitamins and phytochemicals, in reducing tinnitus-related challenges. Conducted as a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial, our research involved 114 adults with mild to severe tinnitus, looking at how this supplement might alleviate their symptoms over three months.
Our findings showed that those taking the AUDISTIM supplement experienced a more significant reduction in tinnitus handicap compared to those on a placebo. In fact, participants with continuous tinnitus reported even greater improvements. While both groups noticed some enhancements in sleep quality, it was only the group taking AUDISTIM that showed reduced psychological stress.
This study suggests that the combination of active compounds, including magnesium, could be beneficial in managing tinnitus symptoms. It aligns well with previous observations in real-life settings and offers a promising new avenue for those suffering from this challenging condition.
Our findings showed that those taking the AUDISTIM supplement experienced a more significant reduction in tinnitus handicap compared to those on a placebo. In fact, participants with continuous tinnitus reported even greater improvements. While both groups noticed some enhancements in sleep quality, it was only the group taking AUDISTIM that showed reduced psychological stress.
This study suggests that the combination of active compounds, including magnesium, could be beneficial in managing tinnitus symptoms. It aligns well with previous observations in real-life settings and offers a promising new avenue for those suffering from this challenging condition.
Read More
8
We looked into the effectiveness of a specific food supplement, Tinnitan Duo®, which contains magnesium along with other ingredients aimed at improving tinnitus symptoms. In this prospective study, we focused on patients suffering from subjective tinnitus that also had a notable emotional impact.
Over three months, participants reported changes in their tinnitus experience, specifically using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) to gauge any differences. What we found was quite notable: participants experienced a significant decrease in THI scores, indicating fewer difficulties related to their tinnitus.
Notably, while the supplement showed promise in reducing tinnitus loudness and emotional distress, it’s important to mention that hearing status remained unchanged. Although magnesium was part of the supplement, we couldn't isolate its effects specifically on tinnitus, as it was combined with several other compounds.
Additionally, the study reported a few mild adverse events related to treatment, but overall, the safety profile was quite reassuring. In conclusion, while magnesium’s role in tinnitus relief is part of an effective supplement, more focused studies would be needed to understand its direct effects.
Over three months, participants reported changes in their tinnitus experience, specifically using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) to gauge any differences. What we found was quite notable: participants experienced a significant decrease in THI scores, indicating fewer difficulties related to their tinnitus.
Notably, while the supplement showed promise in reducing tinnitus loudness and emotional distress, it’s important to mention that hearing status remained unchanged. Although magnesium was part of the supplement, we couldn't isolate its effects specifically on tinnitus, as it was combined with several other compounds.
Additionally, the study reported a few mild adverse events related to treatment, but overall, the safety profile was quite reassuring. In conclusion, while magnesium’s role in tinnitus relief is part of an effective supplement, more focused studies would be needed to understand its direct effects.
Read More
8
We investigated the impact of magnesium on tinnitus, particularly in the context of its effect on long-term potentiation (LTP) in the dorsal cochlear nucleus, a critical area of the brain involved in hearing. Our research focused on a mouse model where acoustic over-exposure led to hearing loss and subsequent tinnitus.
We found that after exposure to loud sounds, there was a notable increase in the release probability at synapses in the dorsal cochlear nucleus, which saturated LTP and induced a state of metaplasticity. This chain of events could contribute to the persistent gap detection issues commonly seen in individuals with tinnitus.
However, we discovered that administering magnesium-threonate following the acoustic trauma effectively restored LTP and helped reduce the gap detection deficits linked to tinnitus. Alongside this, we also tested an NMDA receptor antagonist, which further decreased the release probability and similarly restored LTP.
These findings suggest that magnesium treatment may be a valuable early intervention to target metaplasticity and alleviates some of the debilitating effects associated with tinnitus. It supports the idea of using magnesium to potentially improve auditory function in those affected by noise-induced hearing issues.
We found that after exposure to loud sounds, there was a notable increase in the release probability at synapses in the dorsal cochlear nucleus, which saturated LTP and induced a state of metaplasticity. This chain of events could contribute to the persistent gap detection issues commonly seen in individuals with tinnitus.
However, we discovered that administering magnesium-threonate following the acoustic trauma effectively restored LTP and helped reduce the gap detection deficits linked to tinnitus. Alongside this, we also tested an NMDA receptor antagonist, which further decreased the release probability and similarly restored LTP.
These findings suggest that magnesium treatment may be a valuable early intervention to target metaplasticity and alleviates some of the debilitating effects associated with tinnitus. It supports the idea of using magnesium to potentially improve auditory function in those affected by noise-induced hearing issues.
Read More
8
We explored the connection between serum magnesium levels and the occurrence of severe bilateral subjective tinnitus. This study involved 76 patients suffering from this distressing condition and compared them to 86 healthy participants.
By measuring and analyzing the magnesium levels in both groups, we observed that those with tinnitus had significantly lower magnesium concentrations—1.8 mg/dL compared to 2.3 mg/dL in the control group. This difference suggests that magnesium may play a role in the body’s response to tinnitus.
Our findings indicate that magnesium could be an important factor in understanding the pathophysiology of subjective tinnitus. While this doesn’t confirm that magnesium treatment will alleviate tinnitus symptoms, it certainly opens up avenues for further research in this area.
By measuring and analyzing the magnesium levels in both groups, we observed that those with tinnitus had significantly lower magnesium concentrations—1.8 mg/dL compared to 2.3 mg/dL in the control group. This difference suggests that magnesium may play a role in the body’s response to tinnitus.
Our findings indicate that magnesium could be an important factor in understanding the pathophysiology of subjective tinnitus. While this doesn’t confirm that magnesium treatment will alleviate tinnitus symptoms, it certainly opens up avenues for further research in this area.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 12 Reviews
8.2
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
9
Considerable improvement
5 people found this helpful
It seems to improve my tinnitus. After researching, I found that Magnesium may provide some relief. I started with the recommended dosage but adjusted it to one tablet twice a day, which has considerably helped my tinnitus. It's important to find what works for you, as too much magnesium can lead to side effects.
Read More
10
Tinnitus resolved
1 people found this helpful
My favourite form of magnesium. When choosing magnesium, I opted for this brand (which I also use for other products) as I am very pleased with their quality. This form, magnesium bisglycinate, is a chelated version that absorbs well. Unlike citrate, it does not cause laxation or stomach discomfort. The capsules are large but easy to swallow. I've been taking magnesium for two years, and since starting, my tinnitus has completely disappeared, as have muscle pains after training. I've also stopped worrying about trifles, which indicates that the medication works.
Read More
10
Pulsatile tinnitus relief
1 people found this helpful
I was surprised. The pulsatile tinnitus that had troubled me for so long ceased when I started taking this supplement. I visited many doctors who couldn’t determine the cause, and I despaired at the thought of living with it indefinitely. I initially bought it to aid sleep, but it remarkably worked for my tinnitus, which was a pleasant surprise. I plan to buy it again.
Read More
9
Improved tinnitus
I changed to this magnesium product after using another brand. My tinnitus was severe, requiring constant magnesium intake. The effects seem quite similar between the two, but my tinnitus has noticeably improved since switching to this one.
Read More
7.5
Muffled sounds
2 people found this helpful
Magnesium seems to be the best. It has the most significant effect and can be as good as a good night's sleep if taken before going to bed. For those with tinnitus, it's a must-have supplement as it somewhat muffles the sound. Those with Meniere's disease may struggle with dizziness; this magnesium helps somewhat with that too. While it may not be perfect, it provides a calming effect. I’ve tried other magnesium supplements, but this one is undoubtedly the best. You won't regret choosing it.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
7.5
Tinnitus reduction
Tastes good! I've been taking it for a week, and I can confirm that my tinnitus has started to diminish. Despite the large tablet size, it’s easy to swallow. My nutritionist has approved the quality of the composition. The packaging is substantial, and I hope it proves beneficial, so I may provide more feedback later. Magnesium is often lacking in the body and is essential to take.
10
Tinnitus resolved
1 people found this helpful
My favourite form of magnesium. When choosing magnesium, I opted for this brand (which I also use for other products) as I am very pleased with their quality. This form, magnesium bisglycinate, is a chelated version that absorbs well. Unlike citrate, it does not cause laxation or stomach discomfort. The capsules are large but easy to swallow. I've been taking magnesium for two years, and since starting, my tinnitus has completely disappeared, as have muscle pains after training. I've also stopped worrying about trifles, which indicates that the medication works.
10
Pulsatile tinnitus relief
1 people found this helpful
I was surprised. The pulsatile tinnitus that had troubled me for so long ceased when I started taking this supplement. I visited many doctors who couldn’t determine the cause, and I despaired at the thought of living with it indefinitely. I initially bought it to aid sleep, but it remarkably worked for my tinnitus, which was a pleasant surprise. I plan to buy it again.
7.5
Muffled sounds
2 people found this helpful
Magnesium seems to be the best. It has the most significant effect and can be as good as a good night's sleep if taken before going to bed. For those with tinnitus, it's a must-have supplement as it somewhat muffles the sound. Those with Meniere's disease may struggle with dizziness; this magnesium helps somewhat with that too. While it may not be perfect, it provides a calming effect. I’ve tried other magnesium supplements, but this one is undoubtedly the best. You won't regret choosing it.
10
Anxiety alleviated
Excellent! My anxiety, tinnitus, nocturnal calf cramps, and feelings of numb limbs have vanished. I take it alongside Q-10 and omega.
0
Symptoms alleviated
These pills initially exacerbated my tinnitus. I reduced the dosage in half and took them every other night, which successfully alleviated the symptoms. I was alarmed by the noise and puzzled by my body's reaction.
8
Magnesium may alleviate tinnitus symptoms
We explored the effectiveness of a daily supplement called AUDISTIM Day/Night, which includes magnesium along with various vitamins and phytochemicals, in reducing tinnitus-related challenges. Conducted as a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial, our research involved 114 adults with mild to severe tinnitus, looking at how this supplement might alleviate their symptoms over three months.
Our findings showed that those taking the AUDISTIM supplement experienced a more significant reduction in tinnitus handicap compared to those on a placebo. In fact, participants with continuous tinnitus reported even greater improvements. While both groups noticed some enhancements in sleep quality, it was only the group taking AUDISTIM that showed reduced psychological stress.
This study suggests that the combination of active compounds, including magnesium, could be beneficial in managing tinnitus symptoms. It aligns well with previous observations in real-life settings and offers a promising new avenue for those suffering from this challenging condition.
Our findings showed that those taking the AUDISTIM supplement experienced a more significant reduction in tinnitus handicap compared to those on a placebo. In fact, participants with continuous tinnitus reported even greater improvements. While both groups noticed some enhancements in sleep quality, it was only the group taking AUDISTIM that showed reduced psychological stress.
This study suggests that the combination of active compounds, including magnesium, could be beneficial in managing tinnitus symptoms. It aligns well with previous observations in real-life settings and offers a promising new avenue for those suffering from this challenging condition.
8
We explored the connection between serum magnesium levels and the occurrence of severe bilateral subjective tinnitus. This study involved 76 patients suffering from this distressing condition and compared them to 86 healthy participants.
By measuring and analyzing the magnesium levels in both groups, we observed that those with tinnitus had significantly lower magnesium concentrations—1.8 mg/dL compared to 2.3 mg/dL in the control group. This difference suggests that magnesium may play a role in the body’s response to tinnitus.
Our findings indicate that magnesium could be an important factor in understanding the pathophysiology of subjective tinnitus. While this doesn’t confirm that magnesium treatment will alleviate tinnitus symptoms, it certainly opens up avenues for further research in this area.
By measuring and analyzing the magnesium levels in both groups, we observed that those with tinnitus had significantly lower magnesium concentrations—1.8 mg/dL compared to 2.3 mg/dL in the control group. This difference suggests that magnesium may play a role in the body’s response to tinnitus.
Our findings indicate that magnesium could be an important factor in understanding the pathophysiology of subjective tinnitus. While this doesn’t confirm that magnesium treatment will alleviate tinnitus symptoms, it certainly opens up avenues for further research in this area.
9
Magnesium's potential in tinnitus treatment
We explored the potential of magnesium as a treatment for tinnitus, a condition characterized by persistent ringing or buzzing in the ears. The research indicates that magnesium may have protective effects on inner ear health, particularly in the context of glutamate neurotoxicity, which is believed to contribute to hearing loss and tinnitus.
The study highlights that magnesium, along with other compounds like Caroverine, has shown statistically significant benefits in treating noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus. However, it's essential to note that while these findings are promising, the specific effects of magnesium alone in isolated situations require further investigation before we can definitively recommend its use for tinnitus.
Overall, this research invites us to be optimistic but cautious. As we continue to search for effective therapies for tinnitus, magnesium might be one tool in our toolbox, but more studies are needed to fully understand its mechanisms and effectiveness.
The study highlights that magnesium, along with other compounds like Caroverine, has shown statistically significant benefits in treating noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus. However, it's essential to note that while these findings are promising, the specific effects of magnesium alone in isolated situations require further investigation before we can definitively recommend its use for tinnitus.
Overall, this research invites us to be optimistic but cautious. As we continue to search for effective therapies for tinnitus, magnesium might be one tool in our toolbox, but more studies are needed to fully understand its mechanisms and effectiveness.
7
Magnesium may ease tinnitus symptoms
We set out to understand whether magnesium supplementation could help alleviate tinnitus, a persistent ringing or noise in the ears that affects many individuals. In our study, we observed 26 patients who were experiencing moderate to severe tinnitus symptoms. Over three months, participants took a daily dose of 532 mg of magnesium and reported their tinnitus severity using a simple scale.
Patients rated their tinnitus distress each day, while also completing a standardized questionnaire at the beginning and end of the study. This approach allowed us to gather direct feedback from participants about their experiences with magnesium. After analyzing the results, it became clear that magnesium might indeed have a positive effect on reducing the perceived handicap associated with tinnitus.
Although we did not use a placebo group for this exploratory phase, the findings suggest there could be real potential for magnesium as a supportive treatment for those struggling with tinnitus. It’s encouraging to think that something as common as magnesium, often lacking in many diets, could make a difference for individuals dealing with this challenging condition.
Patients rated their tinnitus distress each day, while also completing a standardized questionnaire at the beginning and end of the study. This approach allowed us to gather direct feedback from participants about their experiences with magnesium. After analyzing the results, it became clear that magnesium might indeed have a positive effect on reducing the perceived handicap associated with tinnitus.
Although we did not use a placebo group for this exploratory phase, the findings suggest there could be real potential for magnesium as a supportive treatment for those struggling with tinnitus. It’s encouraging to think that something as common as magnesium, often lacking in many diets, could make a difference for individuals dealing with this challenging condition.
8
We looked into the effectiveness of a specific food supplement, Tinnitan Duo®, which contains magnesium along with other ingredients aimed at improving tinnitus symptoms. In this prospective study, we focused on patients suffering from subjective tinnitus that also had a notable emotional impact.
Over three months, participants reported changes in their tinnitus experience, specifically using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) to gauge any differences. What we found was quite notable: participants experienced a significant decrease in THI scores, indicating fewer difficulties related to their tinnitus.
Notably, while the supplement showed promise in reducing tinnitus loudness and emotional distress, it’s important to mention that hearing status remained unchanged. Although magnesium was part of the supplement, we couldn't isolate its effects specifically on tinnitus, as it was combined with several other compounds.
Additionally, the study reported a few mild adverse events related to treatment, but overall, the safety profile was quite reassuring. In conclusion, while magnesium’s role in tinnitus relief is part of an effective supplement, more focused studies would be needed to understand its direct effects.
Over three months, participants reported changes in their tinnitus experience, specifically using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) to gauge any differences. What we found was quite notable: participants experienced a significant decrease in THI scores, indicating fewer difficulties related to their tinnitus.
Notably, while the supplement showed promise in reducing tinnitus loudness and emotional distress, it’s important to mention that hearing status remained unchanged. Although magnesium was part of the supplement, we couldn't isolate its effects specifically on tinnitus, as it was combined with several other compounds.
Additionally, the study reported a few mild adverse events related to treatment, but overall, the safety profile was quite reassuring. In conclusion, while magnesium’s role in tinnitus relief is part of an effective supplement, more focused studies would be needed to understand its direct effects.
References
- Portmann D, Esteve-Fraysse MJ, Frachet B, Herpin F, Rigaudier F, et al. AUDISTIM Day/Night Alleviates Tinnitus-Related Handicap in Patients with Chronic Tinnitus: A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Audiol Res. 2024;14:359. doi:10.3390/audiolres14020031
- Knäpper J, Girauta MV, Coromina J. Effectiveness of Tinnitan Duo® in Subjective Tinnitus with Emotional Affectation: A Prospective, Interventional Study. J Diet Suppl. 2023;20:1. doi:10.1080/19390211.2021.1944947
- Tagoe T, Deeping D, Hamann M. Saturation of long-term potentiation in the dorsal cochlear nucleus and its pharmacological reversal in an experimental model of tinnitus. Exp Neurol. 2017;292:1. doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.02.011
- Uluyol S, Kılıçaslan S, Yağız Ö. Relationship between serum magnesium level and subjective tinnitus. Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg. 2016;26:225. doi:10.5606/kbbihtisas.2016.87094
- Cevette MJ, Barrs DM, Patel A, Conroy KP, Sydlowski S, et al. Phase 2 study examining magnesium-dependent tinnitus. Int Tinnitus J. 2011;16:168.
- Ehrenberger K, Felix D. Receptor pharmacological models for inner ear therapies with emphasis on glutamate receptors: a survey. Acta Otolaryngol. 1995;115:236.
