To explore vitamin K2's effect on osteoporosis, we conducted a thorough analysis of nine studies involving 6,853 participants.
The findings suggest that vitamin K2 significantly improves bone mineral density (BMD) and reduces certain bone markers.
While there were increased adverse reactions, they were not serious. Overall, this suggests that vitamin K2 can be a beneficial and safe option for postmenopausal women managing osteoporosis.
Read More
8
Vitamin K2 may support bone health
Efficacy of vitamin K2 in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
We delved into the effects of vitamin K2 on postmenopausal osteoporosis by reviewing data from 16 randomized controlled trials with over 6,400 participants.
Our analysis revealed that vitamin K2 supplementation positively influences bone mineral density, particularly in the lumbar spine, and can potentially lower fracture rates.
However, while we noted improvements in bone density, the overall difference in fracture incidence was not consistently significant. Importantly, vitamin K2 seems to reduce certain serum markers without increasing adverse reactions, making it a promising option for maintaining bone health in postmenopausal women.
Read More
9
MK-4 enhances bone health
Menaquinone 4 Reduces Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice through Dual Regulation of Bone Remodeling.
We explored the effects of menaquinone-4 (MK-4), a form of vitamin K, on osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice. In this study, groups of female mice received various treatments for 12 weeks, including MK-4 at different doses.
Our findings revealed that MK-4 significantly boosted bone mineral density and improved bone structure compared to untreated mice. It also promoted bone formation while reducing bone resorption.
Overall, this research highlights the potential of MK-4 as a promising treatment option for osteoporosis.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
7.5
Effective osteoporosis support
31 people found this helpful
Works for osteoporosis. My mother developed this condition, and after researching, I found that the combination of vitamin D and K2 is beneficial. This product helps raise vitamin D levels in the blood effectively. The capsules are small and easy to swallow.
Read More
9
Bone density improvement
14 people found this helpful
Easy to swallow and it helped my bone density improve in two areas, going from osteoporosis to osteopenia.
Read More
9
Prevents calcium misplacement
9 people found this helpful
This important supplement ensures calcium benefits bones while preventing its deposition in vessels and soft tissues. Vitamin K is widely respected in treating osteoporosis and other conditions. I appreciate its role in health care in developed nations, especially in Japan.
To explore vitamin K2's effect on osteoporosis, we conducted a thorough analysis of nine studies involving 6,853 participants.
The findings suggest that vitamin K2 significantly improves bone mineral density (BMD) and reduces certain bone markers.
While there were increased adverse reactions, they were not serious. Overall, this suggests that vitamin K2 can be a beneficial and safe option for postmenopausal women managing osteoporosis.
Read More
9
MK-4 enhances bone health
Menaquinone 4 Reduces Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice through Dual Regulation of Bone Remodeling.
We explored the effects of menaquinone-4 (MK-4), a form of vitamin K, on osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice. In this study, groups of female mice received various treatments for 12 weeks, including MK-4 at different doses.
Our findings revealed that MK-4 significantly boosted bone mineral density and improved bone structure compared to untreated mice. It also promoted bone formation while reducing bone resorption.
Overall, this research highlights the potential of MK-4 as a promising treatment option for osteoporosis.
Read More
9
Vitamin K2 enhances osteoporosis treatment
Efficacy of Recombinant Human Parathyroid Hormone 1-34 and Vitamin K2 Combination Therapy in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis.
We aimed to understand how vitamin K2 influences osteoporosis, especially when combined with another treatment known as recombinant human parathyroid hormone 1-34 (rhPTH (1-34)).
In this study, 77 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were divided into two groups. One group received vitamin K2 alone, while the other group was treated with a combination of rhPTH (1-34) and vitamin K2. Over the course of the treatment, we looked closely at changes in bone mineral density (BMD), pain levels, and various markers related to bone metabolism, as well as any potential side effects.
Both treatments were effective in improving key parameters like BMD and pain scores. However, the combination therapy significantly outperformed vitamin K2 alone in enhancing BMD and other important markers. Importantly, we found no significant increase in adverse reactions with the combined treatment, which suggests that it is a safe option.
Ultimately, our findings indicate that while vitamin K2 has a positive effect, its benefits were notably enhanced when used alongside rhPTH (1-34). This synergy may offer a promising pathway for more effective osteoporosis management.
Read More
9
UBIAD1 crucial for bone growth
Vitamin K converting enzyme UBIAD1 plays an important role in osteogenesis and chondrogenesis in mice.
We explored the role of UBIAD1, an enzyme crucial for converting dietary vitamin K into its active form, MK-4, in the context of bone health and osteoporosis. The study involved a special mouse model where UBIAD1 was intentionally disabled from the first week of life. This allowed us to observe the effects of reduced UBIAD1 activity on bone development.
Our findings revealed that mice lacking UBIAD1 had significantly shorter femurs and lower bone mineral density, indicating a detrimental effect on bone formation. Additionally, we noticed that the production of important proteins involved in forming both bone and cartilage was markedly decreased in these mice. Further experiments on cultured chondrocytes—the cells responsible for cartilage—showed that their differentiation was also impaired without UBIAD1.
These results suggest that UBIAD1 is vital for promoting healthy bone and cartilage growth, underscoring its potential importance in treating osteoporosis. While the study focuses on the enzyme's role, it highlights how vitamin K2 may support bone health through its influence on UBIAD1 activity.
Read More
9
Vitamin K2 promotes bone health
Vitamin K2 Improves Osteogenic Differentiation by Inhibiting STAT1 via the Bcl-6 and IL-6/JAK in C3H10 T1/2 Clone 8 Cells.
We aimed to investigate how vitamin K2 (VK2), a small but powerful nutrient, can enhance osteogenic differentiation, which is crucial for bone health and may help counteract osteoporosis. Using C3H10 T1/2 clone 8 cells, we examined the effects of VK2 on various markers associated with bone generation.
Our results showed that VK2 significantly boosted alkaline phosphatase activity and increased levels of key osteogenic indicators such as osteocalcin and RUNX2. We also conducted RNA sequencing to identify how VK2 triggers these changes, uncovering numerous genes that were impacted by its administration.
Notably, we found that VK2 not only elevated signals associated with bone formation but also influenced specific signaling pathways. It seemed to work by reducing the expression of STAT1 through the Bcl-6 and IL-6/JAK signaling pathways. This means that VK2 may enhance bone growth by modulating the intricate network of biological signals involved in bone development.
Overall, our findings suggest that vitamin K2 could play a beneficial role in promoting bone health through its action on crucial biological pathways, hinting at its potential as a supportive treatment for osteoporosis.
Works for osteoporosis. My mother developed this condition, and after researching, I found that the combination of vitamin D and K2 is beneficial. This product helps raise vitamin D levels in the blood effectively. The capsules are small and easy to swallow.
Read More
9
Bone density improvement
14 people found this helpful
Easy to swallow and it helped my bone density improve in two areas, going from osteoporosis to osteopenia.
Read More
9
Prevents calcium misplacement
9 people found this helpful
This important supplement ensures calcium benefits bones while preventing its deposition in vessels and soft tissues. Vitamin K is widely respected in treating osteoporosis and other conditions. I appreciate its role in health care in developed nations, especially in Japan.
Read More
7.5
Addressing osteoporosis effectively
5 people found this helpful
After being prescribed a higher dosage due to early signs of osteoporosis, I take this alongside Vitamin D3. It seems effective as I experience no pain. At 73, I continue to compete as a senior trail runner, which I take pride in.
Read More
7.5
Improves bone issues
4 people found this helpful
I’ve been addressing my leaky gut and acid reflux. After adding vitamins K2 and D3, I observed reduced prominence in my varicose veins within three weeks, and I hope to see longer-term improvements for my bones and gut.
Osteoporosis is a medical condition characterized by weakened bones, making them fragile and more prone to fractures. This condition occurs when the body loses too much bone mass, doesn't make enough bone, or a combination of both. As bones lose density, they can break more easily, often as a result of minor falls or injury. Osteoporosis is often referred to as a "silent disease" because bone loss occurs without any symptoms until a fracture occurs, often in the hip, spine, or wrist.
Risk factors for developing osteoporosis include age, gender (it’s more common in women), family history, low body weight, and certain medical conditions and medications. Lifestyle choices such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and a diet low in calcium and vitamin D can also contribute to bone loss. Regular weight-bearing exercise, ensuring adequate nutrition, and, in some cases, medications can help prevent or manage osteoporosis. If you believe you may be at risk, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for appropriate screening and intervention options.
Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for various bodily functions, particularly in the clotting process of blood. It exists in two primary forms: K1 (phylloquinone), which is primarily found in leafy green vegetables like spinach and kale, and K2 (menaquinone), which is found in fermented foods and certain animal products. Vitamin K plays a significant role in the synthesis of proteins that regulate blood coagulation and is also essential for bone metabolism, assisting in the binding of calcium to bones and other tissues.
Deficiencies in vitamin K can lead to increased bleeding and bruising, and in severe cases, it may contribute to bone weakness. While most people can obtain adequate amounts of vitamin K through a balanced diet rich in vegetables and fermented foods, those with certain medical conditions or who are on specific medications may require monitoring and supplementation. Incorporating a variety of nutrient-dense foods into your diet is the best way to ensure you get enough vitamin K for optimal health.
Vitamin K has garnered attention for its potential role in bone health, particularly in relation to osteoporosis. Research suggests that vitamin K can help in the regulation of calcium in the bones, which is essential for maintaining bone density. Several studies indicate that adequate intake of vitamin K may support bone mineralization and reduce the risk of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis. However, while some evidence supports its benefits, more extensive clinical trials are needed to establish a definitive causal relationship and determine the optimal dosage.
If you’re considering adding a vitamin K supplement to your osteoporosis management plan, it’s crucial to discuss this with your healthcare provider. They can provide personalized advice based on your health status, dietary needs, and any other medications you might be taking, particularly anticoagulants, as vitamin K can interact with blood-thinning medications. Overall, while vitamin K appears to play a supportive role in bone health, it should be viewed as part of a comprehensive approach that includes a balanced diet, regular weight-bearing exercise, and, when necessary, prescribed medications to effectively manage osteoporosis.
Based on user reviews, many individuals taking vitamin K2 for osteoporosis have reported varying timelines for noticing results. Some users indicate that they began to see improvements in conditions such as pain relief and bone density within a few weeks to a few months. For instance, one user noted a reduction in varicose veins within three weeks of starting vitamin K2 and D3, alongside hopes for longer-term improvements in bone health Read Review. Others, however, pointed out that while benefits might not be immediately visible, ongoing consistent use is encouraged, suggesting a longer timeframe for significant changes Read Review.
Additionally, one user shared a remarkable personal account, stating that after three years of usage, both vitamin D levels and bone density improved significantly Read Review. Overall, it's clear that while some may notice effects relatively quickly, a few months of consistent supplementation may be necessary to experience the full benefits associated with prevention and management of osteoporosis.
Numerous studies support the use of vitamin K, particularly in its K2 form, as a potential therapeutic option for managing osteoporosis. Research indicates that vitamin K2 supplementation can lead to significant improvements in bone mineral density (BMD), particularly among postmenopausal women. A meta-analysis involving over 6,400 participants found that vitamin K2 positively influences BMD, especially in the lumbar spine, and may contribute to reducing fracture rates, although the latter results require further validation ([10]; [11]). Additionally, combining vitamin K2 with treatments like bisphosphonates has shown promising results in enhancing bone health and mitigating risks associated with osteoporosis ([4]).
While vitamin K2 appears to enhance treatment outcomes and support bone health through various mechanisms, further extensive research is vital to solidify its efficacy in large and diverse populations. Studies indicate that vitamin K can promote bone formation by activating proteins critical for bone development, underscoring its potential role in osteoporosis treatment ([20]; [22]). Overall, the evidence suggests that while vitamin K2 holds promise for osteoporosis management, it should complement other treatments under professional guidance.
Based on user reviews, many individuals have reported significant improvements in their symptoms associated with osteoporosis after taking vitamin K2 combined with vitamin D. Users highlight enhancements in bone density, reduced pain, and overall better bone health. For instance, one reviewer noted that after a three-year regimen with vitamin K2 and D3, their mother's vitamin D levels and bone density showed considerable improvement Read Review. Another user shared that after being prescribed vitamin K2 alongside vitamin D, there were no painful symptoms, allowing them to continue active pursuits such as trail running Read Review.
Additionally, users have expressed confidence in the long-term benefits of vitamin K2, as several reports indicate that while immediate results might not be apparent, consistent use could be essential for optimal effects. For example, one user mentioned the importance of monitoring changes after consistent intake, suggesting that patience may be key for those seeking to prevent or manage osteoporosis Read Review. Overall, while anecdotal experiences vary, the collective sentiment indicates a positive outlook for individuals incorporating vitamin K2 with D3 for osteoporosis management.
Based on user reviews, many individuals have reported positive outcomes when combining vitamin K2 with other supplements, particularly vitamin D, for managing osteoporosis. Users emphasize that this combination not only aids in enhancing bone density but also ensures calcium is effectively directed to the bones rather than being deposited in soft tissues or blood vessels. For example, one user shared that their mother saw significant improvements in bone density after using a combination of vitamin K2 and D3 over three years Read Review. Another reviewer, who follows a regimen of vitamin K2 alongside calcium and magnesium, remarked on the effectiveness of this stack in increasing bone density while also emphasizing the importance of time and consistency Read Review.
Additionally, reviews suggest that users often pair these vitamins with magnesium for enhanced absorption, remarking that proper supplementation can lessen gastrointestinal discomfort Read Review. Overall, the general consensus among users is that the synergistic effects of vitamin K2 and D3, along with other supportive nutrients, create a robust approach to combating osteoporosis and improving overall bone health.
Users report that Vitamin K2, particularly when combined with Vitamin D3, is a vital component in managing and preventing osteoporosis. Many reviews highlight that taking a daily dose of Vitamin K2, often around 100 mcg, alongside 5000-10000 IU of Vitamin D3, can significantly improve bone health and density. For example, one user noted that their daily regimen involving Vitamin K2 and D3 for osteoporosis led to an absence of pain while maintaining an active lifestyle in their 70s (Read Review). Another user highlighted the effectiveness of this combination in ensuring proper calcium absorption and preventing harmful deposition in soft tissues (Read Review).
Other users emphasized the importance of consistency, noting that while results may not be immediate, continued use and monitoring are key to success in osteoporosis management. A user remarked on the effectiveness of smaller doses of Vitamin K2 for the elderly in improving bone strength and preventing osteoporosis over time (Read Review). Overall, the consensus is clear: combining Vitamin K2 with Vitamin D3 and potentially other supplements like magnesium enhances bone health and helps mitigate the risk of osteoporosis.
7.5
Improves bone issues
4 people found this helpful
I’ve been addressing my leaky gut and acid reflux. After adding vitamins K2 and D3, I observed reduced prominence in my varicose veins within three weeks, and I hope to see longer-term improvements for my bones and gut.
6
Consistent use
I take K2 for osteoporosis. While it may not show immediate effects, consistent use is advised, and I plan to monitor changes in my test results later.
9
Improved bone density
1 people found this helpful
I purchased this product with Vitamin D3 for my mother diagnosed with osteoporosis. After three years, her vitamin D levels and bone density have improved significantly. The capsules are easy to swallow and the quality is commendable.
7.5
Addressing osteoporosis effectively
5 people found this helpful
After being prescribed a higher dosage due to early signs of osteoporosis, I take this alongside Vitamin D3. It seems effective as I experience no pain. At 73, I continue to compete as a senior trail runner, which I take pride in.
7.5
Essential for bone health
1 people found this helpful
I've found that taking vitamin K2 alongside vitamin D3, magnesium, and calcium is effective in increasing bone density and reducing fractures. Although it takes time for the benefits to appear, I believe in the necessity of vitamin K2 for osteoporosis prevention.
9
Avoids calcium-related risks
1 people found this helpful
I combine K2 and D to ensure calcium is absorbed by bones instead of settling in the arteries. This combination is effective in fighting osteoporosis, and I also take magnesium and vitamin C for better absorption without gastrointestinal discomfort.
9
Prevents calcium misplacement
9 people found this helpful
This important supplement ensures calcium benefits bones while preventing its deposition in vessels and soft tissues. Vitamin K is widely respected in treating osteoporosis and other conditions. I appreciate its role in health care in developed nations, especially in Japan.
7.5
Bone health support
Small doses of vitamin K2 are beneficial for the elderly’s bones and help prevent osteoporosis.
8
Vitamin K2 may support bone health
Efficacy of vitamin K2 in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
We delved into the effects of vitamin K2 on postmenopausal osteoporosis by reviewing data from 16 randomized controlled trials with over 6,400 participants.
Our analysis revealed that vitamin K2 supplementation positively influences bone mineral density, particularly in the lumbar spine, and can potentially lower fracture rates.
However, while we noted improvements in bone density, the overall difference in fracture incidence was not consistently significant. Importantly, vitamin K2 seems to reduce certain serum markers without increasing adverse reactions, making it a promising option for maintaining bone health in postmenopausal women.
9
Vitamin K2 supports BMD in osteoporosis
Efficacy and safety of vitamin K2 for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at a long-term follow-up: meta-analysis and systematic review.
To explore vitamin K2's effect on osteoporosis, we conducted a thorough analysis of nine studies involving 6,853 participants.
The findings suggest that vitamin K2 significantly improves bone mineral density (BMD) and reduces certain bone markers.
While there were increased adverse reactions, they were not serious. Overall, this suggests that vitamin K2 can be a beneficial and safe option for postmenopausal women managing osteoporosis.
4
Vitamin K shows modest hip geometry effects
The additive effect of vitamin K supplementation and bisphosphonate on fracture risk in post-menopausal osteoporosis: a randomised placebo controlled trial.
We evaluated how vitamin K supplementation could impact fracture risk in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis, particularly when paired with bisphosphonates, calcium, and vitamin D. Although our study involved 105 women and used rigorous methods, we found no significant improvements in bone density or turnover.
Interestingly, vitamin K did show a modest effect on hip geometry, suggesting some potential benefits in this area. However, to truly understand its effectiveness, further studies are necessary to confirm these findings.
8
Vitamin K2's influence on osteoporosis
Role of vitamins beyond vitamin D in bone health and osteoporosis (Review).
We examined how vitamin K2 impacts osteoporosis, focusing on its role in promoting strong bones. This review highlighted how various vitamins, including K2, contribute to bone health. It emphasized that while deficiencies in vitamins can lead to a higher risk of osteoporosis, maintaining a balanced intake is essential.
Vitamin K2 shows promise in preventing osteoporosis by activating matrix Gla protein, which is important for bone mineralization. This vitamin works alongside other vitamins like A, C, and E to foster the development of bone-forming cells known as osteoblasts. Interestingly, vitamin K2 helps to lower the risk of vascular calcification, which is beneficial for maintaining healthy bones.
We learned that while vitamin K2 has positive effects, careful attention to recommended dosages is crucial. Excessive intake of certain vitamins, especially vitamin A, can negatively affect bone health. Therefore, we concluded that a balanced approach to vitamin intake, including K2, may be a viable strategy for osteoporosis prevention.
9
Vitamin K2 promotes bone health
Vitamin K2 Improves Osteogenic Differentiation by Inhibiting STAT1 via the Bcl-6 and IL-6/JAK in C3H10 T1/2 Clone 8 Cells.
We aimed to investigate how vitamin K2 (VK2), a small but powerful nutrient, can enhance osteogenic differentiation, which is crucial for bone health and may help counteract osteoporosis. Using C3H10 T1/2 clone 8 cells, we examined the effects of VK2 on various markers associated with bone generation.
Our results showed that VK2 significantly boosted alkaline phosphatase activity and increased levels of key osteogenic indicators such as osteocalcin and RUNX2. We also conducted RNA sequencing to identify how VK2 triggers these changes, uncovering numerous genes that were impacted by its administration.
Notably, we found that VK2 not only elevated signals associated with bone formation but also influenced specific signaling pathways. It seemed to work by reducing the expression of STAT1 through the Bcl-6 and IL-6/JAK signaling pathways. This means that VK2 may enhance bone growth by modulating the intricate network of biological signals involved in bone development.
Overall, our findings suggest that vitamin K2 could play a beneficial role in promoting bone health through its action on crucial biological pathways, hinting at its potential as a supportive treatment for osteoporosis.
References
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Wang Q, Yu H, Kong Y. Association of vitamins with bone mineral density and osteoporosis measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2024;25:69. doi:10.1186/s12891-024-07173-y
Öz İ, Kochai A, Avan YL, Keskin D, Çınar BM, et al. The effect of pharmacological treatment in combination with vitamin K on healing in an experimental rat model of osteoporosis. Jt Dis Relat Surg. 2023;34:356. doi:10.52312/jdrs.2023.911
Moore AE, Dulnoan D, Voong K, Ayis S, Mangelis A, et al. The additive effect of vitamin K supplementation and bisphosphonate on fracture risk in post-menopausal osteoporosis: a randomised placebo controlled trial. Arch Osteoporos. 2023;18:83. doi:10.1007/s11657-023-01288-w
Li C, Liang C, Kong Z, Su Y, Ren W, et al. Determination of Vitamin K1, MK-4, MK-7, and D Levels in Human Serum of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Women Based on High Stability LC-MS/MS: MK-7 May Be a New Marker of Bone Metabolism. Ann Nutr Metab. 2023;79:334. doi:10.1159/000531065
Giordani C, Matacchione G, Giuliani A, Valli D, Scarpa ES, et al. Pro-Osteogenic and Anti-Inflammatory Synergistic Effect of Orthosilicic Acid, Vitamin K2, Curcumin, Polydatin and Quercetin Combination in Young and Senescent Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24. doi:10.3390/ijms24108820
Lee AS, Sung MJ, Son SJ, Han AR, Hong SM, et al. Effect of Menaquinone-4 on Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor B Ligand-Induced Osteoclast Differentiation and Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss. J Med Food. 2023;26:128. doi:10.1089/jmf.2022.K.0078
Jin C, Tan K, Yao Z, Lin BH, Zhang DP, et al. A Novel Anti-Osteoporosis Mechanism of VK2: Interfering with Ferroptosis via AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway in Type 2 Diabetic Osteoporosis. J Agric Food Chem. 2023;71:2745. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05632
Tao X, Xu T, Liu L, Lin X, Zhang Z, et al. Case report: Clinical characteristics and treatment of secondary osteoporosis induced by X-linked congenital adrenal dysplasia. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:961322. doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.961322
Ma ML, Ma ZJ, He YL, Sun H, Yang B, et al. Efficacy of vitamin K2 in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Public Health. 2022;10:979649. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.979649
Zhou M, Han S, Zhang W, Wu D. Efficacy and safety of vitamin K2 for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at a long-term follow-up: meta-analysis and systematic review. J Bone Miner Metab. 2022;40:763. doi:10.1007/s00774-022-01342-6
Zhang W, Li L, Zhou X, Li K, Liu C, et al. Concurrent Treatment with Vitamin K2 and D3 on Spine Fusion in Patients with Osteoporosis-Associated Lumbar Degenerative Disorders. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2022;47:352. doi:10.1097/BRS.0000000000004309
Mandatori D, Penolazzi L, Pelusi L, Lambertini E, Michelucci F, et al. Three-Dimensional Co-Culture System of Human Osteoblasts and Osteoclast Precursors from Osteoporotic Patients as an Innovative Model to Study the Role of Nutrients: Focus on Vitamin K2. Nutrients. 2021;13. doi:10.3390/nu13082823
Wang H, Zhang N, Li L, Yang P, Ma Y. Menaquinone 4 Reduces Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice through Dual Regulation of Bone Remodeling. Nutrients. 2021;13. doi:10.3390/nu13082570
Wang B, Tang J, Weng S, Chen L, Wu Z, et al. Is vitamin K a treatment choice for atypical femoral fractures in patients with secondary osteoporosis?. J Int Med Res. 2021;49:3000605211001643. doi:10.1177/03000605211001643
Solmaz I, Ozdemir MA, Unal E, Abdurrezzak U, Muhtaroglu S, et al. Effect of vitamin K2 and vitamin D3 on bone mineral density in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a prospective cohort study. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2021;34:441. doi:10.1515/jpem-2020-0637
Zhang Z, Xia K, Gong W, Mai R, Liu P, et al. Efficacy of Recombinant Human Parathyroid Hormone 1-34 and Vitamin K2 Combination Therapy in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. Horm Metab Res. 2025;57:33. doi:10.1055/a-2371-1642
Hirashima S, Kiyooka Y, Kaetsu S, Nakagawa K. Vitamin K converting enzyme UBIAD1 plays an important role in osteogenesis and chondrogenesis in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024;702:149635. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149635
Kong M, Gao C, Luan X, Fan C, Hao M, et al. Analyzing the factors associated with efficacy among teriparatide treatment in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2024;25:109. doi:10.1186/s12891-024-07227-1
Skalny AV, Aschner M, Tsatsakis A, Rocha JBT, Santamaria A, et al. Role of vitamins beyond vitamin D in bone health and osteoporosis (Review). Int J Mol Med. 2024;53. doi:10.3892/ijmm.2023.5333
Cui Y, Zhang W, Yang P, Zhu S, Luo S, et al. Menaquinone-4 prevents medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw through the SIRT1 signaling-mediated inhibition of cellular metabolic stresses-induced osteoblast apoptosis. Free Radic Biol Med. 2023;206:33. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.06.022
Wang H, Li L, Zhang N, Ma Y. Vitamin K2 Improves Osteogenic Differentiation by Inhibiting STAT1 via the Bcl-6 and IL-6/JAK in C3H10 T1/2 Clone 8 Cells. Nutrients. 2022;14. doi:10.3390/nu14142934
Jadhav N, Ajgaonkar S, Saha P, Gurav P, Pandey A, et al. Molecular Pathways and Roles for Vitamin K2-7 as a Health-Beneficial Nutraceutical: Challenges and Opportunities. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:896920. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.896920
Hu L, Ji J, Li D, Meng J, Yu B. The combined effect of vitamin K and calcium on bone mineral density in humans: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021;16:592. doi:10.1186/s13018-021-02728-4