Dietary Magnesium Intake in Relation to Depression in Adults: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Epidemiologic Studies.
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring how dietary magnesium (Mg) intake connects with depression among adults. By reviewing data from over 63,000 individuals, we found that those with the highest magnesium intake had a 34% lower chance of experiencing depression compared to those with the lowest intake.
Furthermore, our analysis indicated that every increase of 100 mg per day in magnesium intake was linked to a 7% reduced risk of depression. These findings suggest that increasing dietary magnesium could play a valuable role in lowering depression risk.
Read More
8
Magnesium levels linked to depression
Associations between magnesium depletion score and depression among individuals aged 20 to 60 years.
This study examined how magnesium deficiency relates to depression in adults aged 20 to 60. By using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2005 to 2018, we analyzed the magnesium depletion score (MDS) while assessing depression through the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
Our findings reveal a positive association: as the MDS increases, so does the likelihood of depression. Each one-unit rise in MDS raises the odds of depression. However, results varied with different MDS levels. While these results are promising, further research is necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms better.
Read More
8
Magnesium lowers depressive symptoms
Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels Modify the Effect of Magnesium on Depressive Symptoms: A Population-Based Study.
We examined the role of magnesium levels in relation to depressive symptoms through a comprehensive analysis of data from Taiwan's Nutrition and Health Survey. Involving 2,196 participants, we employed logistic and linear regression methods to assess these relationships.
Our findings revealed that higher magnesium levels correlated with fewer depressive symptoms. Interestingly, this connection was stronger in individuals with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, suggesting that inflammation influences how magnesium affects mood.
Overall, maintaining adequate magnesium levels might be beneficial, especially for those dealing with inflammation.
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Most Useful Reviews
10
Anger relief
Since starting magnesium citrate, my anger and depression have diminished, and my sleep has returned to normal. I've experienced no side effects after three months of use.
Read More
9
Mood enhancer
I wholeheartedly endorse magnesium citrate! It lifted me from deep depression and calmed my PMS. I take two capsules daily and feel significantly better.
Read More
9
Treats depression effectively
I take magnesium before bed, and it soothes me. During quarantine, I experienced stress and depression, and this magnesium was essential. I will continue purchasing it and recommend it to others.
Combined oral supplementation with magnesium plus vitamin D alleviates mild to moderate depressive symptoms related to long-COVID: an open-label randomized, controlled clinical trial.
We explored the effectiveness of magnesium coupled with vitamin D in easing depressive symptoms among individuals with long-COVID. Our study involved 60 participants suffering from mild to moderate depression, hypomagnesemia, and vitamin D deficiency.
Over four months, those who received both magnesium and vitamin D showed significant improvements in their depression scores compared to those who only took vitamin D. Specifically, a notable 73% of the magnesium group achieved significant relief, positioning this combination as a promising treatment for depression linked to long-COVID.
Mild side effects were noted but did not lead to any withdrawals, indicating the safety of this treatment option.
Read More
9
Magnesium intake reduces depression risk
Dietary Magnesium Intake in Relation to Depression in Adults: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Epidemiologic Studies.
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring how dietary magnesium (Mg) intake connects with depression among adults. By reviewing data from over 63,000 individuals, we found that those with the highest magnesium intake had a 34% lower chance of experiencing depression compared to those with the lowest intake.
Furthermore, our analysis indicated that every increase of 100 mg per day in magnesium intake was linked to a 7% reduced risk of depression. These findings suggest that increasing dietary magnesium could play a valuable role in lowering depression risk.
Read More
8
Magnesium linked to lower depression risk
Association between nutrient patterns and odds of depressive symptomatology: a population-based cohort of older adults followed during 15-y.
We examined how various nutrient patterns affect depressive symptoms in older adults through a detailed study involving over 1,000 participants.
By evaluating nutrient intake and depressive symptoms over more than 15 years, we found that those with a diet high in magnesium and several other nutrients had significantly lower odds of experiencing depressive symptoms.
This suggests that nutrients, particularly magnesium, might play a crucial role in supporting mental health in older adults.
Read More
8
Magnesium deficiency correlates with depression
Magnesium depletion score and depression: a positive correlation among US adults.
This study examined the relationship between magnesium deficiency, measured by the Magnesium Depletion Score (MDS), and depression among U.S. adults. We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, focusing on those with moderate to severe depression.
Our findings revealed a significant link—higher MDS scores led to an increased risk of depression. Specifically, for each unit rise in MDS, the chance of developing depression increased by 13%. Interestingly, those with severe magnesium deficiency saw a staggering 58% rise in depression likelihood. This suggests that improving magnesium levels could be beneficial for both preventing and treating depression.
Read More
8
Magnesium levels linked to depression
Associations between magnesium depletion score and depression among individuals aged 20 to 60 years.
This study examined how magnesium deficiency relates to depression in adults aged 20 to 60. By using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2005 to 2018, we analyzed the magnesium depletion score (MDS) while assessing depression through the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
Our findings reveal a positive association: as the MDS increases, so does the likelihood of depression. Each one-unit rise in MDS raises the odds of depression. However, results varied with different MDS levels. While these results are promising, further research is necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms better.
Since starting magnesium citrate, my anger and depression have diminished, and my sleep has returned to normal. I've experienced no side effects after three months of use.
Read More
9
Mood enhancer
I wholeheartedly endorse magnesium citrate! It lifted me from deep depression and calmed my PMS. I take two capsules daily and feel significantly better.
Read More
9
Treats depression effectively
I take magnesium before bed, and it soothes me. During quarantine, I experienced stress and depression, and this magnesium was essential. I will continue purchasing it and recommend it to others.
Read More
8
Anxiety reduction
This product effectively normalised my gastrointestinal health and alleviated symptoms of anxiety and depression. It is safe for any age with no noticeable side effects.
Read More
8
Love for magnesium
After trying this for two months, I adore it! It helped with my depression, improved my sleep patterns, and regulated my bowel movements. I'm definitely ordering again!
Depression is a common and serious mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities that were once enjoyable. It can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, or background, and it goes beyond just feeling down; it can interfere significantly with daily life, impacting relationships, work performance, and overall well-being. Symptoms of depression may include changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbances, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of worthlessness or suicide.
The causes of depression are complex and may involve a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. While it's a serious condition that can be debilitating, the good news is that it is treatable. Various treatment options are available, including therapy, medication, lifestyle changes, and support groups. If you or someone you know is struggling with depression, seeking help from a healthcare professional is a crucial step toward recovery.
Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a lightweight, silvery-white metal that is a member of the alkaline earth metals group. Often classified as one of the most abundant elements in the Earth's crust, magnesium plays a crucial role in various biological functions and is essential for living organisms. In nature, magnesium can be found in large quantities, primarily in minerals such as dolomite and magnesite, and it is also present in seawater.
In terms of health benefits, magnesium is vital for numerous metabolic processes, including energy production, DNA synthesis, and muscle function. It contributes to bone health, helps regulate blood pressure, and supports bone formation by promoting the effects of vitamin D. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for magnesium varies by age and gender, but it is generally important to include magnesium-rich foods like leafy greens, nuts, seeds, and whole grains in your diet to ensure adequate intake. For those who may not receive enough magnesium through their diet alone, supplements are also available; however, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplementation.
Recent research suggests that magnesium may play a role in managing symptoms of depression, though the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. Magnesium is essential for numerous biochemical processes in the body, including neurotransmitter function and hormonal regulation. Some studies have indicated that low magnesium levels are associated with a higher incidence of depression and that supplementation might improve mood and reduce anxiety in some individuals. However, it is important to note that while magnesium could potentially support mental health, it should not replace conventional treatments like therapy or medication, especially for severe depression.
If you're considering magnesium supplementation as a part of your wellness routine, it’s always wise to consult with a healthcare professional. They can help you assess your specific needs, including dietary intake and any potential interactions with medications you may be taking. In addition, magnesium can be found in various dietary sources like leafy greens, nuts, seeds, and whole grains, which can contribute to a holistic approach to mental health. Overall, while magnesium may offer some benefits, it should be viewed as a complementary option rather than a primary treatment strategy for depression.
Based on user reviews, the time it takes to see results from magnesium citrate for depression can vary significantly. Some users report improvements in their mood within just a few days of beginning supplementation. For instance, one user noted a noticeable difference in how they felt by the fourth day of taking magnesium citrate, with their mood improving and sleep patterns returning to normal Read Review. Another user experienced significant relief after only ten days, highlighting a calmer disposition and better responses to stressors Read Review.
However, many users indicate that more sustained benefits may be seen after longer periods of use. Several individuals expressed significant mood uplift after using magnesium citrate consistently for three months, asserting that their symptoms diminished considerably during that timeframe Read Review. Thus, while some may feel improvements quickly, reaching the optimal effect may take weeks to months, depending on individual circumstances and health factors.
This supplement, specifically magnesium, is supported by several scientific studies as having potential benefits for depression. Research shows a consistent link between magnesium levels and depressive symptoms. For instance, a study revealed that higher magnesium intake is associated with a 34% lower chance of experiencing depression, suggesting dietary magnesium could play a significant role in mental health management [8]. Similarly, a separate study found that those with magnesium deficiency exhibited a markedly increased risk of depression, indicating that improving magnesium levels could be critical for both prevention and treatment [4].
Moreover, combinations of magnesium with other nutrients, such as vitamin D, have been found effective in reducing depressive symptoms in specific populations, including individuals with long-COVID [3]. Although some studies present mixed results regarding the strength of magnesium's impact, the overall evidence points towards its beneficial role in managing depression, particularly when addressing nutritional deficiencies [7]. As such, incorporating magnesium either through diet or supplementation could potentially serve as a useful strategy for those seeking to mitigate depressive symptoms.
Users have reported a range of improvements in their symptoms after taking magnesium citrate, particularly regarding mood and anxiety reduction. Many individuals have expressed feeling uplifted from depression and a general sense of calmness. For instance, one user noted significant mood enhancement after transitioning off medication for depression, citing magnesium as essential for their daily routine and overall well-being Read Review. Another reviewer experienced significant improvements in mood within just a few days, emphasizing reduced anxiety and better responses to stressors Read Review.
Additionally, extended use of magnesium citrate appears to contribute to sustained benefits. Users have reported consistent mood stabilization over longer periods, with some indicating that their depressive symptoms diminished considerably after three months of daily supplementation Read Review. Users also highlighted ancillary benefits such as improved sleep patterns and gastrointestinal health, which can further contribute to overall emotional well-being Read Review. While anecdotal experiences suggest positive outcomes for many, results may vary based on individual health factors and the duration of use.
Based on user reviews, there is a strong endorsement for combining magnesium citrate with other supplements, particularly vitamin B6, to enhance its effects on managing depression. Users reported significant improvements in their mood and mental well-being when magnesium was taken alongside vitamin B6, with one reviewer emphasizing that this combination particularly aids in alleviating severe depression Read Review. Another user echoed this sentiment, highlighting the positive impact of magnesium on depression alongside recommending the chelated form for better absorption when taken with B6 Read Review.
Additionally, users noted that magnesium's benefits extend beyond just mood stabilization, effectively managing symptoms of anxiety and insomnia, and contributing to improved sleep quality Read Review. The combination of magnesium and vitamin D was also mentioned favorably, with users asserting that it contributes positively to their overall mental health Read Review. Overall, the consensus suggests that combining magnesium citrate with other supportive supplements can lead to amplified positive outcomes for those dealing with depression.
Based on user reviews, the right dose of magnesium for treating depression appears to vary among individuals, with many users reporting positive effects from daily use. A number of users recommend taking around 400 mg a few times per week, often before bedtime, to maximize its calming effects Read Review. Others, such as one user who reported substantial benefits after using it consistently for three months, suggest that a simple regimen of two capsules daily can yield significant improvements in mood and overall well-being Read Review.
9
Better mood
2 people found this helpful
I purchased magnesium citrate to aid depression and have found it effective! My mood improved by the fourth day, and I no longer wake at night. I've bought a larger supply knowing the product's quality.
9
Increased joy
1 people found this helpful
I've been taking magnesium for 10 days, and I've noticed a significant difference. I feel calmer and respond better to things that previously annoyed me, which has notably helped with my depression.
10
Anger relief
Since starting magnesium citrate, my anger and depression have diminished, and my sleep has returned to normal. I've experienced no side effects after three months of use.
7.5
Feelings of renewal
8 people found this helpful
Transitioning from medication for depression, magnesium has significantly uplifted my mood and spirit, making it essential in my routine.
8
Love for magnesium
After trying this for two months, I adore it! It helped with my depression, improved my sleep patterns, and regulated my bowel movements. I'm definitely ordering again!
7.5
Enhanced wellbeing
3 people found this helpful
Now is a reputable brand, and I've found this supplement to be effective. I recommend pairing it with vitamin B6 to enhance magnesium's effects on alleviating severe depression. A daily medium dose is ideal.
9
Reduces depression impact
I found magnesium normalised my heart rate and lowered blood pressure, helpful for depression. It also alleviated muscle cramps and joint pain, particularly with vitamin B6. I recommend the chelated form for better absorption, making dosing simpler and more economical.
9
Disappeared symptoms
10 people found this helpful
Wonderful! Since I started taking this magnesium, my anger and depression episodes have vanished, and my sleep is now normal. I prefer the capsules from Now Foods, and I've experienced no side effects after three months of daily use.
7.5
Detoxification and relief
78 people found this helpful
Magnesium is crucial for detoxification, preventing blood clots, migraines, and depression. It's best taken with vitamin D in the evening. This supplement significantly benefits my health.
7.5
Alleviates depression symptoms
Magnesium is crucial for managing sleep and relieving fatigue, depression, and muscle cramps. This product has a good composition and decent price, but the dosage can be inconvenient. I usually take around 400 mg a few times per week, especially before bedtime.
9
Mood enhancer
I wholeheartedly endorse magnesium citrate! It lifted me from deep depression and calmed my PMS. I take two capsules daily and feel significantly better.
9
Magnesium intake reduces depression risk
Dietary Magnesium Intake in Relation to Depression in Adults: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Epidemiologic Studies.
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring how dietary magnesium (Mg) intake connects with depression among adults. By reviewing data from over 63,000 individuals, we found that those with the highest magnesium intake had a 34% lower chance of experiencing depression compared to those with the lowest intake.
Furthermore, our analysis indicated that every increase of 100 mg per day in magnesium intake was linked to a 7% reduced risk of depression. These findings suggest that increasing dietary magnesium could play a valuable role in lowering depression risk.
8
Magnesium deficiency correlates with depression
Magnesium depletion score and depression: a positive correlation among US adults.
This study examined the relationship between magnesium deficiency, measured by the Magnesium Depletion Score (MDS), and depression among U.S. adults. We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, focusing on those with moderate to severe depression.
Our findings revealed a significant link—higher MDS scores led to an increased risk of depression. Specifically, for each unit rise in MDS, the chance of developing depression increased by 13%. Interestingly, those with severe magnesium deficiency saw a staggering 58% rise in depression likelihood. This suggests that improving magnesium levels could be beneficial for both preventing and treating depression.
9.5
Magnesium and Vitamin D effective for depression
Combined oral supplementation with magnesium plus vitamin D alleviates mild to moderate depressive symptoms related to long-COVID: an open-label randomized, controlled clinical trial.
We explored the effectiveness of magnesium coupled with vitamin D in easing depressive symptoms among individuals with long-COVID. Our study involved 60 participants suffering from mild to moderate depression, hypomagnesemia, and vitamin D deficiency.
Over four months, those who received both magnesium and vitamin D showed significant improvements in their depression scores compared to those who only took vitamin D. Specifically, a notable 73% of the magnesium group achieved significant relief, positioning this combination as a promising treatment for depression linked to long-COVID.
Mild side effects were noted but did not lead to any withdrawals, indicating the safety of this treatment option.
7
Probiotics and magnesium showed limited benefit
Probiotics and magnesium orotate for the treatment of major depressive disorder: a randomised double blind controlled trial.
This study explored the impact of a combination of probiotics, magnesium orotate, and coenzyme Q10 on major depressive disorder (MDD) through a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
We examined 120 participants diagnosed with MDD, comparing the effects of the treatment over eight weeks. While we noted a significant reduction in depressive episodes in the treatment group initially, this difference did not persist at the eight or sixteen-week follow-ups.
Interestingly, the treatment also led to lower self-reported anxiety and stress levels, suggesting potential benefits beyond just depression.
Overall, it seems that combining these elements might offer some short-term help for depression, but the long-term effects are less clear.
References
Serefko A, Lachowicz-Radulska J, Szopa A, Herbet M, Czylkowska A, et al. The Novel Imipramine-Magnesium Complex Exerts Antidepressant-like Activity in Mice Subjected to the Forced Swim Test and the Tail Suspension Test. Molecules. 2025;30. doi:10.3390/molecules30030519
Bardinet J, Pouchieu C, Chuy V, Merle B, Pellay H, et al. Association between nutrient patterns and odds of depressive symptomatology: a population-based cohort of older adults followed during 15-y. Eur J Nutr. 2025;64:88. doi:10.1007/s00394-025-03597-x
Rodríguez-Morán M, Guerrero-Romero F, Barragán-Zuñiga J, Gamboa-Gómez CI, Weyman-Vela Y, et al. Combined oral supplementation with magnesium plus vitamin D alleviates mild to moderate depressive symptoms related to long-COVID: an open-label randomized, controlled clinical trial. Magnes Res. 2024;37:49. doi:10.1684/mrh.2024.0535
Zhao W, Jin H. Magnesium depletion score and depression: a positive correlation among US adults. Front Public Health. 2024;12:1486434. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1486434
Carnegie RE, Zheng J, Borges MC, Jones HJ, Wade KH, et al. Micronutrients and Major Depression: A Mendelian Randomisation Study. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16213690
Cai Z, She J, Liu X, Li R, Guo S, et al. Associations between magnesium depletion score and depression among individuals aged 20 to 60 years. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2024;86:127543. doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127543
Strodl E, Bambling M, Parnam S, Ritchie G, Cramb S, et al. Probiotics and magnesium orotate for the treatment of major depressive disorder: a randomised double blind controlled trial. Sci Rep. 2024;14:20841. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-71093-z
Hajhashemy Z, Shirani F, Askari G. Dietary Magnesium Intake in Relation to Depression in Adults: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Epidemiologic Studies. Nutr Rev. 2025;83:217. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuae056
Abdelmoneam AH, Khafagy GM, Elbeh KA, Hasan MDA. Impact of Magnesium and Ferritin Deficiency on Depression Among Adolescent Students. J Prim Care Community Health. 2024;15:21501319241252570. doi:10.1177/21501319241252570
Chou MH, Yang YK, Wang JD, Lin CY, Lin SH. Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels Modify the Effect of Magnesium on Depressive Symptoms: A Population-Based Study. Nutrients. 2023;15. doi:10.3390/nu15071560
Chou MH, Yang YK, Wang JD, Lin CY, Lin SH. The Association of Serum and Dietary Magnesium with Depressive Symptoms. Nutrients. 2023;15. doi:10.3390/nu15030774
Li Z, Chen K, Shao Q, Lu H, Zhang X, et al. Nanoparticulate MgH ameliorates anxiety/depression-like behaviors in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis by regulating microglial polarization and oxidative stress. J Neuroinflammation. 2023;20:16. doi:10.1186/s12974-023-02696-y
Wang H, Jin M, Xie M, Yang Y, Xue F, et al. Protective role of antioxidant supplementation for depression and anxiety: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Affect Disord. 2023;323:264. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.072
Saba S, Faizi F, Sepandi M, Nehrir B. Effect of short-term magnesium supplementation on anxiety, depression and sleep quality in patients after open-heart surgery. Magnes Res. 2022;35:62. doi:10.1684/mrh.2022.0503
Abiri B, Sarbakhsh P, Vafa M. Randomized study of the effects of vitamin D and/or magnesium supplementation on mood, serum levels of BDNF, inflammation, and SIRT1 in obese women with mild to moderate depressive symptoms. Nutr Neurosci. 2022;25:2123. doi:10.1080/1028415X.2021.1945859
Miller ES, Sakowicz A, Roy A, Wang A, Yang A, et al. Is peripartum magnesium sulfate associated with a reduction in postpartum depressive symptoms?. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2021;3:100407. doi:10.1016/j.ajogmf.2021.100407