We investigated the potential of curcumin, a natural compound from turmeric, as an effective treatment for acne caused by Propionibacterium acnes. This bacterium can contribute to the development of inflammatory acne, especially when it grows excessively in hair follicles. Our goal was to create lipid-based vehicles to effectively deliver curcumin and see if it could inhibit the growth of this troublesome bacteria.
Using innovative testing methods, including bioluminescence assays, we evaluated how well our curcumin-infused vehicles performed against P. acnes. Additionally, we studied how much curcumin could accumulate in the skin using specialized diffusion cells and high-tech microscopy. The results were promising: we found that our lipid vehicles could accumulate an impressive amount of curcumin in the skin while significantly reducing the bacteria's growth.
Notably, curcumin showed discernible inhibitory effects at a concentration of just 0.43 µg/mL. Moreover, we confirmed through microscopy that the curcumin effectively formed a reservoir in the skin, enabling longer-lasting effects against acne. Overall, these findings suggest that curcumin-based vehicles, particularly when mixed with lauric acid, could serve as a promising new option for treating acne vulgaris.
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8
Curcumin effectively treats acne
Curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy for mild to moderate Acne: A self-controlled split-face randomized study.
We conducted a study to evaluate how effective Curcumin-mediated Photodynamic Therapy (Curcumin-PDT) is for treating mild to moderate acne. In our research design, we used a randomized split-face approach involving 11 patients. This meant that each patient received treatment on one side of their face with Curcumin-PDT while the other side was treated with just LED light.
The Curcumin treatment began with the application of a mask containing 1% curcumin, which was left on for 20 minutes. Following this, the skin was exposed to LED light for a specified duration. Treatments were conducted twice a week for two weeks. After evaluating both sides of the face, we found significant differences in effectiveness.
Remarkably, two weeks after the final treatment, we observed a total lesion clearance rate of 54.7% for the Curcumin-PDT side compared to only 28.1% for the control side. The improvement was especially noticeable for inflammatory lesions, which showed a clearance rate of almost 59.3% with Curcumin-PDT.
While both treatments resulted in some mild erythema, this cleared up quickly. Additionally, there were only minimal adverse effects like mild localized pigmentation in a couple of patients that resolved within a month. Overall, we can conclude that Curcumin-PDT appears to be a promising, safe, and effective method for managing acne.
Read More
8
Curcumin delivery enhances acne treatment
Curcumin loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for enhanced skin retained topical delivery: optimization, scale-up, in-vitro characterization and assessment of ex-vivo skin deposition.
We explored how curcumin, a compound derived from turmeric, can be delivered more effectively to treat acne and psoriasis. The study focused on creating a specific formulation, known as nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), which helps in better absorption and retention of curcumin on the skin.
By using a method that combines hot emulsification with probe sonication, we successfully prepared curcumin-loaded NLCs. These formulations showed a small particle size, high entrapment efficiency, and a negative zeta potential, indicating stability.
When we tested the drug release, the curcumin NLCs demonstrated a prolonged release over 48 hours, significantly outperforming free curcumin, which was released completely within just 4 hours. Notably, the NLC gel improved skin permeation and retention by over three times compared to traditional gels containing free curcumin.
The safety of our formulation was also important, and cell viability tests indicated no toxicity towards skin cells. Additionally, we found that keratinocyte cells absorbed curcumin more effectively when delivered via NLCs compared to free curcumin. These findings suggest that curcumin, when delivered using this innovative approach, holds promise in enhancing treatment for acne.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Hormonal acne solution
314 people found this helpful
I finally found relief for my hormonal acne after trying everything. Reading about milk thistle's effectiveness pushed me to give it a chance, and I'm thrilled with the investment; it truly made a difference!
Read More
7.5
Left-side acne success
20 people found this helpful
I used to suffer from acne on the left side of my face but after taking one of these daily, I've noticed a significant decrease. It's the only change I made in my lifestyle.
Read More
10
Acne-free at last
3 people found this helpful
After 35 years of acne, I took my friend's recommended milk thistle and have seen fantastic results! I take it daily and it's been excellent for detoxifying my body while clearing my skin.
We examined the effectiveness of curcumin, a compound found in turmeric, in tackling acne by disrupting the biofilms formed by Cutibacterium acnes (C.acnes), a key player in acne development. The study primarily focused on how curcumin combined with light therapy could provide a promising alternative treatment, especially in light of rising antibiotic resistance.
Following established guidelines, we tested 25 clinical strains of C.acnes against various antibiotics and curcumin. Our findings revealed that while C.acnes exhibited substantial resistance to most antibiotics, curcumin showed robust potential. It was found to effectively reduce the survival rates of planktonic C.acnes, and significantly disrupt the three-dimensional structure of biofilms when used in conjunction with blue light therapy.
This suggests that curcumin photodynamic therapy could be a viable option for treating acne, particularly for individuals facing challenges with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Overall, we observed encouraging results that highlight curcumin's potential in acne treatments and its role in combating stubborn biofilm formations.
Read More
9
Curcumin microemulsions show promise
Antimicrobial activity of curcumin-loaded myristic acid microemulsions against Staphylococcus epidermidis.
We dove into the antibacterial properties of curcumin, a compound found in turmeric, to see how it could help fight acne. Our focus was on curcumin-loaded myristic acid microemulsions and their ability to inhibit Staphylococcus epidermidis, a bacteria known to cause skin infections and acne.
The study involved assessing the spread and penetration of curcumin through the skin using advanced microscopy techniques. We found that these microemulsions could effectively deliver curcumin into the skin, with significant amounts absorbed. In fact, when tested, curcumin in the microemulsion was twelve times more effective at inhibiting bacterial growth than when it was simply dissolved in a common solvent.
This combination of myristic acid and curcumin worked well together, showcasing a potential new method for treating acne and skin infections linked to this bacteria. While the spotlight was on turmeric’s promising antibacterial effects, we recognize that it was the synergy with myristic acid that enhanced the overall efficacy, hinting at an alternative approach for tackling S. epidermidis-related skin issues.
Read More
8
Curcumin effectively treats acne
Curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy for mild to moderate Acne: A self-controlled split-face randomized study.
We conducted a study to evaluate how effective Curcumin-mediated Photodynamic Therapy (Curcumin-PDT) is for treating mild to moderate acne. In our research design, we used a randomized split-face approach involving 11 patients. This meant that each patient received treatment on one side of their face with Curcumin-PDT while the other side was treated with just LED light.
The Curcumin treatment began with the application of a mask containing 1% curcumin, which was left on for 20 minutes. Following this, the skin was exposed to LED light for a specified duration. Treatments were conducted twice a week for two weeks. After evaluating both sides of the face, we found significant differences in effectiveness.
Remarkably, two weeks after the final treatment, we observed a total lesion clearance rate of 54.7% for the Curcumin-PDT side compared to only 28.1% for the control side. The improvement was especially noticeable for inflammatory lesions, which showed a clearance rate of almost 59.3% with Curcumin-PDT.
While both treatments resulted in some mild erythema, this cleared up quickly. Additionally, there were only minimal adverse effects like mild localized pigmentation in a couple of patients that resolved within a month. Overall, we can conclude that Curcumin-PDT appears to be a promising, safe, and effective method for managing acne.
Read More
8
Curcumin enhances acne treatment methods
Curcumin/Fusidic Acid Bitherapy Loaded Mixed Micellar Nanogel for Acne Vulgaris Treatment: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.
We evaluated how curcumin, a natural compound found in turmeric, can affect acne when combined with fusidic acid, a topical antibiotic. This research also focused on a hybrid delivery method using mixed micelles incorporated into a nanogel to enhance the effectiveness of this combination.
Through various tests, we found that the curcumin-fusidic acid-loaded mixed micelles showed a good structure, ensuring both drugs were well-encapsulated and released effectively over time. In our animal studies, we observed significant improvements in skin inflammation and other symptoms related to acne in those treated with the curcumin-fusidic acid nanogel.
Ultimately, this approach appears promising for not only treating acne but also potentially reducing the issues of antibiotic resistance. By enhancing the solubility and absorption of curcumin, we could harness its antioxidant and antibacterial properties more effectively.
However, since we focused on the combination treatment, separating the individual effects of curcumin specifically on acne remains challenging.
Read More
8
Curcumin delivery enhances acne treatment
Curcumin loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for enhanced skin retained topical delivery: optimization, scale-up, in-vitro characterization and assessment of ex-vivo skin deposition.
We explored how curcumin, a compound derived from turmeric, can be delivered more effectively to treat acne and psoriasis. The study focused on creating a specific formulation, known as nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), which helps in better absorption and retention of curcumin on the skin.
By using a method that combines hot emulsification with probe sonication, we successfully prepared curcumin-loaded NLCs. These formulations showed a small particle size, high entrapment efficiency, and a negative zeta potential, indicating stability.
When we tested the drug release, the curcumin NLCs demonstrated a prolonged release over 48 hours, significantly outperforming free curcumin, which was released completely within just 4 hours. Notably, the NLC gel improved skin permeation and retention by over three times compared to traditional gels containing free curcumin.
The safety of our formulation was also important, and cell viability tests indicated no toxicity towards skin cells. Additionally, we found that keratinocyte cells absorbed curcumin more effectively when delivered via NLCs compared to free curcumin. These findings suggest that curcumin, when delivered using this innovative approach, holds promise in enhancing treatment for acne.
I finally found relief for my hormonal acne after trying everything. Reading about milk thistle's effectiveness pushed me to give it a chance, and I'm thrilled with the investment; it truly made a difference!
Read More
7.5
Left-side acne success
20 people found this helpful
I used to suffer from acne on the left side of my face but after taking one of these daily, I've noticed a significant decrease. It's the only change I made in my lifestyle.
Read More
10
Acne-free at last
3 people found this helpful
After 35 years of acne, I took my friend's recommended milk thistle and have seen fantastic results! I take it daily and it's been excellent for detoxifying my body while clearing my skin.
Read More
9
Effective for blemishes
2 people found this helpful
Using milk thistle has greatly enhanced my skin, helping clear up blemishes while also providing anti-aging benefits. I've tried various brands, but this one stands out as a winner!
Read More
7.5
Partial acne relief
111 people found this helpful
While I found milk thistle helpful for my skin, Gaia's product proved more potent. After two years of adult acne, no creams or masks helped until I started using it alongside Niacinamide for a clearer complexion. My skin is finally under control!
Acne is a common skin condition that affects people of all ages, though it's especially prevalent among teenagers and young adults. It occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells, leading to the formation of pimples, blackheads, and cysts. The main factors contributing to acne include excess oil production, hormonal changes, and the presence of bacteria on the skin. Acne can manifest in various forms, from mild cases with just a few breakouts to more severe forms that can cause significant inflammation and scarring.
Treatment for acne varies depending on its severity and can range from over-the-counter topical treatments like benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid to prescription medications including retinoids and antibiotics. Lifestyle adjustments, such as maintaining a balanced diet and proper skin hygiene, may also contribute to managing and reducing breakouts. Despite being a common skin issue, the psychological impact of acne should not be underestimated, as it can affect self-esteem and overall quality of life.
Turmeric curcumin is a natural compound derived from the root of the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa), a spice commonly used in cooking, particularly within Indian cuisine. Curcumin is the primary active ingredient in turmeric, known for its bright yellow color and various health benefits. It boasts strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which have made it popular in both culinary practices and dietary supplements. Many people incorporate turmeric curcumin into their diets in order to support overall health, alleviate joint pain, and bolster immune function.
In recent years, turmeric curcumin has gained attention in the wellness community, leading to the production of numerous supplements that isolate this powerful compound. When considering turmeric curcumin supplements, it's essential to note that curcumin is poorly absorbed by the body on its own, so many products include added black pepper extract (piperine) to enhance absorption. As the potential health benefits and culinary uses of turmeric curcumin continue to be explored, a growing number of consumers are incorporating it into their lifestyles for its perceived benefits. However, as with any supplement, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before starting a new regimen.
Turmeric, particularly its active compound curcumin, is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which may contribute to its potential effectiveness in managing acne. Some studies suggest that turmeric can help reduce the severity of acne by combating inflammation that can exacerbate the condition and by limiting the growth of acne-causing bacteria. Additionally, turmeric's antimicrobial properties may assist in reducing acne lesions when applied topically or ingested as a supplement.
However, while turmeric can be a helpful complementary treatment, it should not be relied upon as a standalone solution for acne. It’s always best to consult with a dermatologist for personalized advice and to discuss evidence-based treatments for acne. If you decide to incorporate turmeric into your skincare routine, consider starting with a patch test to ensure you don’t have an adverse reaction, especially if using it in homemade masks or treatments.
Based on user reviews, the timeline for seeing results from taking curcumin supplements for acne can vary widely. Some users report noticing improvements as quickly as two weeks into their regimen, indicating enhanced skin quality and reduced acne through mechanisms like increased collagen synthesis and better blood circulation Read Review. Others suggest more gradual changes, with experiences indicating slight improvements over longer periods, such as a month or more Read Review.
Additionally, there are instances where users have seen no visible changes after a few weeks, yet remain hopeful for future improvements Read Review. Overall, if you're considering curcumin for acne treatment, be prepared for a range of responses, with visible effects generally taking anywhere from one to several weeks depending on individual circumstances and consistency in usage.
Recent scientific research supports the use of curcumin, a compound derived from turmeric, as a viable treatment option for acne. Studies have shown that curcumin exhibits strong antimicrobial properties against Cutibacterium acnes, the bacterium implicated in acne development. For example, one study established that curcumin effectively disrupted biofilms formed by C.acnes and, when combined with blue light therapy, significantly reduced the survival rates of these bacteria [1]. Furthermore, a randomized trial indicated that Curcumin-mediated Photodynamic Therapy (Curcumin-PDT) led to a clearance rate of 54.7% of acne lesions compared to just 28.1% with a control treatment [2].
Moreover, innovative delivery methods utilizing nanogel systems and lipid-based vehicles have proven effective in enhancing curcumin's absorption into the skin, enhancing its antibacterial effects against acne-causing bacteria [3], [4]. One study highlighted that a curcumin-infused formulation demonstrated a significant reduction in acne lesions and inflammatory markers in test subjects [5]. Overall, these findings position curcumin as a promising candidate in the ongoing battle against acne, especially as alternative treatments to antibiotics gain importance due to rising resistance among bacterial strains.
Users report a range of improvements in acne symptoms after taking curcumin supplements, with individual experiences varying. For instance, some users have noted significant benefits, such as a complete absence of acne-causing bacteria during follow-up tests after consistent use, demonstrating the effective antibacterial properties of curcumin Read Review. Others have observed noticeable skin quality enhancements and faster recovery from acne flare-ups, often linked to the compound's anti-inflammatory effects Read Review.
Additionally, beneficial changes can appear in as little as two weeks, suggesting curcumin's ability to boost collagen synthesis and improve blood circulation that might help manage skin issues like acne Read Review. However, some users have experienced only slight improvements or have yet to notice visible changes, reinforcing that results can differ significantly from person to person Read Review. Overall, while many find curcumin effective for acne management, it’s crucial to remember that individual results may vary and consistent usage is often key.
Based on user reviews, combining curcumin with other supplements appears to yield positive results in managing acne, although experiences vary. For instance, one user mentioned using multiple curcumin products to reduce inflammation and noted that it seems to be effectively helping with their son's acne Read Review. Another user highlighted curcumin's additional benefits in treating inflammation, which not only aids acne management but also contributes to overall skin health Read Review.
Furthermore, specific users have reported that combining curcumin with guidance from healthcare professionals, such as a trichologist, has led to noticeable improvements in their acne condition after a consistent regimen Read Review. However, results can vary, with some individuals reporting only slight improvements or no visible changes after a period of use Read Review. This indicates that while many users find success with curcumin, the effectiveness of combining it with other supplements can depend on individual responses and overall health strategies.
Based on user reviews, the consensus on the appropriate dosage of Turmeric Curcumin for treating acne appears to range, but several users confirm positive effects from a daily regimen. One user notes that taking one capsule daily, as advised by their trichologist, resulted in noticeable improvements in their acne within two weeks, attributing these changes to enhanced collagen synthesis and blood circulation Read Review. Another user also mentions that consistent use has had a positive impact on skin quality and acne, highlighting the effectiveness of long-term use Read Review.
In addition to individual dosages, some users have reported benefits from using curcumin alongside other health support practices for inflammatory conditions. For example, one reviewer states they are utilizing multiple curcumin products in hopes of reducing their son’s acne with adequate results, indicating that variations in dosage and formulation might lead to different outcomes Read Review. While additional recommendations can vary across users, starting with a daily dose of around one capsule seems commonly endorsed amidst anecdotal reports of reduced inflammation and improved skin health.
6
Slight improvement
I'm taking this to assist with my son's acne and manage menopausal inflammation. The results aren't dramatic, but I've observed slight improvements.
6
Awaiting results
I'm taking this again to see if it helps with my inflammatory acne. I haven't noticed any visible changes yet but hope it alleviates inflammation.
9
Effective acne treatment
My doctor prescribed this for my nephew, who struggled with severe acne. After the treatment, the bacteria causing his acne was no longer present during follow-up tests.
8
Improved skin quality
1 people found this helpful
Friendly for women during menstruation, curcumin positively impacts skin quality. After using it for over a year, I've noticed improvements in my acne and faster muscle recovery. It also helps lessen discomfort and abdominal pain during my cycle. This brand is reliable.
6
Moderate success
I use several curcumin products to help reduce inflammation and improve my son's acne. So far, it seems to be working adequately.
8.5
Multiple health benefits
Curcumin is effective beyond acne; it has antibacterial properties, reduces bad cholesterol, and alleviates inflammation, which aids in treating inflammatory skin diseases, including acne.
8
Skin improvement
As advised by my trichologist, I take one capsule daily. After two weeks, I’ve noticed improvements in my acne, as it boosts collagen synthesis and improves blood circulation.
9
Curcumin affects acne treatment efficacy
Utilizing the photodynamic properties of curcumin to disrupt biofilms in Cutibacterium acnes: A promising approach for treating acne.
We examined the effectiveness of curcumin, a compound found in turmeric, in tackling acne by disrupting the biofilms formed by Cutibacterium acnes (C.acnes), a key player in acne development. The study primarily focused on how curcumin combined with light therapy could provide a promising alternative treatment, especially in light of rising antibiotic resistance.
Following established guidelines, we tested 25 clinical strains of C.acnes against various antibiotics and curcumin. Our findings revealed that while C.acnes exhibited substantial resistance to most antibiotics, curcumin showed robust potential. It was found to effectively reduce the survival rates of planktonic C.acnes, and significantly disrupt the three-dimensional structure of biofilms when used in conjunction with blue light therapy.
This suggests that curcumin photodynamic therapy could be a viable option for treating acne, particularly for individuals facing challenges with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Overall, we observed encouraging results that highlight curcumin's potential in acne treatments and its role in combating stubborn biofilm formations.
8
Curcumin effectively treats acne
Curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy for mild to moderate Acne: A self-controlled split-face randomized study.
We conducted a study to evaluate how effective Curcumin-mediated Photodynamic Therapy (Curcumin-PDT) is for treating mild to moderate acne. In our research design, we used a randomized split-face approach involving 11 patients. This meant that each patient received treatment on one side of their face with Curcumin-PDT while the other side was treated with just LED light.
The Curcumin treatment began with the application of a mask containing 1% curcumin, which was left on for 20 minutes. Following this, the skin was exposed to LED light for a specified duration. Treatments were conducted twice a week for two weeks. After evaluating both sides of the face, we found significant differences in effectiveness.
Remarkably, two weeks after the final treatment, we observed a total lesion clearance rate of 54.7% for the Curcumin-PDT side compared to only 28.1% for the control side. The improvement was especially noticeable for inflammatory lesions, which showed a clearance rate of almost 59.3% with Curcumin-PDT.
While both treatments resulted in some mild erythema, this cleared up quickly. Additionally, there were only minimal adverse effects like mild localized pigmentation in a couple of patients that resolved within a month. Overall, we can conclude that Curcumin-PDT appears to be a promising, safe, and effective method for managing acne.
8
Curcumin enhances acne treatment methods
Curcumin/Fusidic Acid Bitherapy Loaded Mixed Micellar Nanogel for Acne Vulgaris Treatment: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.
We evaluated how curcumin, a natural compound found in turmeric, can affect acne when combined with fusidic acid, a topical antibiotic. This research also focused on a hybrid delivery method using mixed micelles incorporated into a nanogel to enhance the effectiveness of this combination.
Through various tests, we found that the curcumin-fusidic acid-loaded mixed micelles showed a good structure, ensuring both drugs were well-encapsulated and released effectively over time. In our animal studies, we observed significant improvements in skin inflammation and other symptoms related to acne in those treated with the curcumin-fusidic acid nanogel.
Ultimately, this approach appears promising for not only treating acne but also potentially reducing the issues of antibiotic resistance. By enhancing the solubility and absorption of curcumin, we could harness its antioxidant and antibacterial properties more effectively.
However, since we focused on the combination treatment, separating the individual effects of curcumin specifically on acne remains challenging.
8
Curcumin delivery enhances acne treatment
Curcumin loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for enhanced skin retained topical delivery: optimization, scale-up, in-vitro characterization and assessment of ex-vivo skin deposition.
We explored how curcumin, a compound derived from turmeric, can be delivered more effectively to treat acne and psoriasis. The study focused on creating a specific formulation, known as nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), which helps in better absorption and retention of curcumin on the skin.
By using a method that combines hot emulsification with probe sonication, we successfully prepared curcumin-loaded NLCs. These formulations showed a small particle size, high entrapment efficiency, and a negative zeta potential, indicating stability.
When we tested the drug release, the curcumin NLCs demonstrated a prolonged release over 48 hours, significantly outperforming free curcumin, which was released completely within just 4 hours. Notably, the NLC gel improved skin permeation and retention by over three times compared to traditional gels containing free curcumin.
The safety of our formulation was also important, and cell viability tests indicated no toxicity towards skin cells. Additionally, we found that keratinocyte cells absorbed curcumin more effectively when delivered via NLCs compared to free curcumin. These findings suggest that curcumin, when delivered using this innovative approach, holds promise in enhancing treatment for acne.
8
Curcumin shows potential for acne
Design, preparation, and evaluation of liposomal gel formulations for treatment of acne: in vitro and in vivo studies.
We explored the effectiveness of curcumin, a compound found in turmeric, in treating acne through a unique liposomal gel formulation. This study incorporated a strategic design approach to optimize the formulation, ensuring that the curcumin was well-encapsulated and stable over time.
The results revealed that the liposomal gel allows curcumin to penetrate the skin effectively, achieving active concentrations in the stratum corneum and deeper skin layers shortly after application. Notably, when combined with lauric acid, the co-application showed improved antibacterial effects against acne-causing bacteria, even outperforming curcumin alone.
However, it’s important to note that while curcumin demonstrated promising results, its isolated effectiveness remains difficult to assess due to the focus on combination treatments. The study also showed a considerable reduction in acne lesions and inflammatory markers in a rat model, indicating potential benefits of this treatment approach.
Overall, while curcumin alone may not be directly highlighted, its role in combination therapies suggests a positive impact in managing acne effectively.
References
Zheng N, Xie Y, Zhou M, Liu Y, Xu H, et al. Utilizing the photodynamic properties of curcumin to disrupt biofilms in Cutibacterium acnes: A promising approach for treating acne. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2024;45:103928. doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103928
Zhang Y, Wang D, Liao C, Liu X, Zhang L, et al. Curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy for mild to moderate Acne: A self-controlled split-face randomized study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2024;45:103887. doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103887
Abdel-Monem R, El-Leithy ES, Alaa-Eldin AA, Abdel-Rashid RS. Curcumin/Fusidic Acid Bitherapy Loaded Mixed Micellar Nanogel for Acne Vulgaris Treatment: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2023;24:182. doi:10.1208/s12249-023-02641-5
Rapalli VK, Kaul V, Waghule T, Gorantla S, Sharma S, et al. Curcumin loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for enhanced skin retained topical delivery: optimization, scale-up, in-vitro characterization and assessment of ex-vivo skin deposition. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2020;152:105438. doi:10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105438
Madan S, Nehate C, Barman TK, Rathore AS, Koul V. Design, preparation, and evaluation of liposomal gel formulations for treatment of acne: in vitro and in vivo studies. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2019;45:395. doi:10.1080/03639045.2018.1546310
Liu CH, Huang HY. In vitro anti-propionibacterium activity by curcumin containing vesicle system. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2013;61:419.
Liu CH, Huang HY. Antimicrobial activity of curcumin-loaded myristic acid microemulsions against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2012;60:1118.