We investigated how melatonin might alleviate migraine symptoms by looking at the biological processes involved. Our study specifically examined the effects of melatonin in rats experiencing migraine-like pain stimulated by nitroglycerin.
To understand its mechanisms, we used various antagonists—blocking specific melatonin receptors in the process. This approach allowed us to observe changes in pain behavior, levels of certain pain-related substances, and the activation of mast cells linked to migraines.
Our findings revealed that melatonin significantly reduced mechanical pain sensitivity and decreased the levels of CGRP, a protein associated with migraine pain. It also seemed to calm the activation of mast cells in the meninges, which play a role in headache conditions. Notably, these effects were largely cancelled when we used specific receptor blockers, indicating that its benefits primarily stem from the MT2 receptor, while there may still be a role for the MT1 receptor.
Overall, this research sheds light on melatonin's potential as a therapeutic option for migraines, highlighting its influence on pain pathways and mast cell activity.