Overview

SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 39 Researches
7.7
USERS' SCORE
Moderately Good
Based on 9 Reviews
7.3
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 1 Softgel
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Calories
10
 
Total Fat
1 g
1%
Saturated Fat
0 g
0%
Trans Fat
0 g
**
Polyunsaturated Fat
0.5 g
**
Monounsaturated Fat
0 g
**
Cholesterol
10 mg
3%
Omega-3 Fish Oil
1000 mg
**
EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)
180 mg
**
DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid)
120 mg
**

Top Medical Research Studies

8
Omega-3s reduce allergic symptoms
We discovered that a diet enriched with omega-3 fatty acids can effectively reduce symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis (AC) in mice. This reduction occurred without influencing the typical immune responses usually associated with allergies. Instead, omega-3s worked by changing the lipid molecules linked to inflammation.

Notably, these fatty acids completely suppressed itching near the eyes and significantly decreased the presence of eosinophils, cells commonly involved in allergic reactions. However, total serum IgE levels and T2 cytokine expression remained unchanged, suggesting that omega-3s tackle AC symptoms in a unique way.
Read More
8
Omega-3s and skin allergies
We uncovered intriguing insights into how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and its metabolite, 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (12-HEPE), play a role in managing allergic responses, particularly in the skin. Our study revealed that when mice consumed an omega-3 fatty acid-rich diet, 12-HEPE became a significant metabolite in their skin.

Interestingly, we observed that the enzymes responsible for producing 12-HEPE were more active in the skin compared to other organs. This effective metabolite appeared to reduce inflammation caused by contact hypersensitivity. Specifically, we found that applying 12-HEPE topically limited the influx of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell involved in inflammatory responses.

Taking our research a step further, we investigated the effects of 12-HEPE on human skin cells, or keratinocytes, in lab conditions. Our findings showed that 12-HEPE inhibited two specific genes that cause neutrophils to be attracted to the site of inflammation, showcasing its potential as a therapeutic agent for allergy management. Overall, we identified 12-HEPE as a potent metabolite in the skin, suggesting that dietary omega-3 fatty acids could be a beneficial strategy in controlling allergic reactions.
Read More
9.5
We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to explore how omega-3 supplementation affects food allergy risks in children, focusing on whether maternal intake during pregnancy or childhood supplementation is more effective.

Our findings revealed that mothers who took omega-3 during pregnancy and lactation significantly lowered the chances of their infants developing allergies to eggs and peanuts.

However, omega-3 consumption later in childhood did not show similar benefits in allergy prevention. This emphasizes the critical timing of supplementation in allergy risk management.
Read More

Most Useful Reviews

9
Effective for dryness
I found this product lovely as it does not cause allergies. During winter, when my hands were exceptionally dry, the cream failed to help. However, the fish oil significantly alleviated the dryness, although I needed to be cautious with the dosage—1 capsule 1-2 times a week—to avoid abdominal swelling and discomfort.
Read More
0
Severe allergies
I must highlight that this product can trigger severe allergies, as I found I couldn’t consume it due to an allergy, likely from the lemon oil.
Read More
8.5
Eases migraines
This product greatly improves my sleep, migraines, and helps ease PMS symptoms. I take 2 capsules regularly, and I've noticed a significant reduction in migraines. I manage to avoid severe pain during menstruation, and there have been no allergies or stomach issues while using it. The ingredients are natural and have positively influenced my health.
Read More

Medical Researches

SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 39 Researches
7.7
  • All Researches
9.5
We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to explore how omega-3 supplementation affects food allergy risks in children, focusing on whether maternal intake during pregnancy or childhood supplementation is more effective.

Our findings revealed that mothers who took omega-3 during pregnancy and lactation significantly lowered the chances of their infants developing allergies to eggs and peanuts.

However, omega-3 consumption later in childhood did not show similar benefits in allergy prevention. This emphasizes the critical timing of supplementation in allergy risk management.
Read More
9.5
Docosahexaenoic acid helps asthma
We explored the potential of lipid mediators derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for alleviating allergic asthma. Using a model where mice were challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) to induce asthma-like symptoms, we administered lipid mediators that included 17S-monohydroxy DHA, resolvin D5, and protectin DX. These treatments led to significant improvements in key aspects of asthma such as reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and lower levels of Th2 cytokines.

Following treatment with the lipid mediators, we observed decreased levels of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IgE—important markers associated with allergic reactions. There was a notable reduction in inflammation and oxidative stress in lung tissues, which suggests a protective effect on the lungs. Additionally, histological examinations revealed fewer signs of inflammation and mucus secretion.

The results indicate that DHA-derived lipid mediators may effectively mitigate the symptoms of allergic asthma and offer a promising new approach for treatment. They seem to act by reducing inflammation and improving antioxidant defenses within the lungs.
Read More
We set out to assess a new extensively hydrolyzed whey-protein formula, which includes docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), for infants with cow's milk allergy (CMA). This study involved 34 children, primarily with IgE-mediated reactions, participating in a double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge. Remarkably, all the children tolerated the new formula during the trial. This is significant since the American Academy of Pediatrics states that successful tolerance in over 90% of CMA children is crucial for a product to be considered hypoallergenic.

Although our focus was on the overall efficacy and safety of this formula, it's important to note that while DHA was included, we stopped short of isolating its specific impact on allergy outcomes. Thus, while we noted that this new formula is well-tolerated and associated with healthy growth and gastrointestinal tolerability, we cannot definitively state the effect of DHA alone on allergies. We recognize that further research would be needed to explore DHA's specific role in allergy management.
Read More
We explored the impact of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in children suffering from atopic dermatitis, a common allergic skin condition. In a well-structured study, forty-eight children were divided into two groups: one received 250 mg of EPA twice daily, while the other was given a placebo for four weeks.

The study aimed to measure the effectiveness of EPA by examining improvements in the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index and the need for topical corticosteroids. What we found was quite promising—after just two weeks, the EPA group showed significant improvement in their SCORAD scores compared to the placebo group.

Additionally, by the end of four weeks, fewer children in the EPA group required corticosteroids, indicating a potential reduction in the severity of their condition. Overall, the results suggest that EPA supplementation is both effective and well-tolerated among young patients with atopic dermatitis, offering a supportive strategy for managing this allergy-related issue.
Read More
9
Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces inflammation
We assessed how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, influences airway inflammation related to allergies in university athletes. In our study, we had 23 male participants divided into three groups based on their levels of airway inflammation, measured by fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO).

These athletes took daily supplements containing 600 mg of EPA for three weeks. During this time, we tracked changes in their FeNO levels and other respiratory factors. Our findings revealed a significant drop in FeNO levels among athletes with eosinophilic airway inflammation, indicating a reduction in airway inflammation.

Notably, while the athletes with high FeNO levels benefited from the supplementation, those without eosinophilic characteristics saw no significant changes in their respiratory status. This suggests that EPA may be particularly effective for certain allergy-related conditions, rather than universally beneficial for all types of respiratory issues.
Read More

User Reviews

USERS' SCORE
Moderately Good
Based on 9 Reviews
7.3
  • All Reviews
  • Positive Reviews
  • Negative Reviews
9
Effective for dryness
I found this product lovely as it does not cause allergies. During winter, when my hands were exceptionally dry, the cream failed to help. However, the fish oil significantly alleviated the dryness, although I needed to be cautious with the dosage—1 capsule 1-2 times a week—to avoid abdominal swelling and discomfort.
Read More
0
Severe allergies
I must highlight that this product can trigger severe allergies, as I found I couldn’t consume it due to an allergy, likely from the lemon oil.
Read More
8.5
Eases migraines
This product greatly improves my sleep, migraines, and helps ease PMS symptoms. I take 2 capsules regularly, and I've noticed a significant reduction in migraines. I manage to avoid severe pain during menstruation, and there have been no allergies or stomach issues while using it. The ingredients are natural and have positively influenced my health.
Read More
8.3
No allergens
This preparation was good for me; it did not cause allergies and had a pleasant taste.
Read More
3.8
Caused allergy
Unfortunately, I did not enjoy this supplement as I developed allergies from it due to the lemon ingredient.
Read More

Frequently Asked Questions

Allergies are the body's immune system responses to substances known as allergens, which can be harmless in most individuals. When a person with allergies encounters these allergens, their immune system mistakenly identifies them as a threat and launches a response. This can lead to symptoms ranging from mild, such as sneezing, itching, and rashes, to severe reactions known as anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening. Common allergens include pollen, pet dander, certain foods like nuts and shellfish, insect stings, and medications.

Managing allergies often involves avoiding known allergens and using medications such as antihistamines or corticosteroids to alleviate symptoms. In some cases, doctors might recommend allergy shots or immunotherapy to help patients build tolerance over time. If you suspect you have allergies, consulting with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment options is crucial. Understanding your triggers and how to live with allergies can significantly improve your quality of life.

Omega-3 fish oil is a nutritional supplement derived from the fatty tissues of fish, particularly fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential fats that the body cannot produce on its own. The most significant types of omega-3s found in fish oil are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), both of which are known for their numerous health benefits. These include reducing inflammation, supporting heart health, and promoting brain function.

Incorporating omega-3 fish oil into your diet can be beneficial if you don’t consume enough fish regularly. Many health experts recommend oily fish as a part of a balanced diet due to their high omega-3 content. For those who find it difficult to include fish in their meals, fish oil supplements can offer a convenient alternative, providing the same essential fatty acids in concentrated form. However, it’s essential to choose high-quality supplements that are third-party tested for purity and potency to avoid contaminants such as heavy metals or other toxins that can impact health.

Omega-3 fish oil has been studied for its potential benefits in managing various health conditions, including allergies. Rich in EPA and DHA, two types of omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil is known for its anti-inflammatory properties, which may help alleviate symptoms associated with allergic reactions. Some research suggests that higher omega-3 intake can influence the immune system's response, potentially reducing the severity of allergy symptoms and promoting overall respiratory health.

However, it's essential to note that while some studies have shown promising results, the evidence remains mixed, and more research is needed to establish a firm link between omega-3 supplementation and allergy relief. Individuals with allergies should consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement, as reactions can vary from person to person. Overall, while incorporating omega-3 fish oil into your diet could provide general health benefits and support anti-inflammatory processes, it should not be viewed as a standalone solution for allergy management.

Based on user reviews, the timeline for experiencing results from this supplement can vary significantly. Some users reported immediate benefits, indicating they felt positive effects almost right away, particularly in terms of reducing allergy symptoms and improving overall health. For example, one reviewer mentioned that the product helped alleviate issues like migraines and PMS, implying they noticed improvements relatively quickly after regular use (Read Review).

However, it’s essential to note that experiences differ, and a few users have pointed out adverse reactions, such as developing allergies, which suggest that individual responses can significantly influence perceived effectiveness and time to results. While an exact timeframe is not universally defined in the reviews, the specific user experiences indicate that while some people may find relief within days, others may face challenges that could delay noticeable benefits (Read Review). It's advisable to monitor your own body’s response and consult a health professional if you have a history of allergies or experience adverse reactions.

Recent scientific studies suggest that omega-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), may offer some potential benefits in managing allergies. For example, research has shown that maternal intake of omega-3s during pregnancy can significantly lower allergy risks in children, notably reducing the probability of conditions such as atopic dermatitis and asthma [3], [9], [15]. Additionally, a study highlighted the role of EPA in mitigating allergic responses, particularly in the skin, indicating that dietary sources of omega-3s can play a role in improving allergic conditions [22].

However, it is important to note that while these findings are promising, the overall evidence remains mixed and further research is required to fully understand the efficacy and appropriate applications of omega-3 supplementation in allergy management [14], [35], [29]. Some studies have shown limited impacts of fish oil alone on reducing allergy incidences, emphasizing the need for more robust clinical trials to confirm these benefits [35]. Thus, while there is foundational evidence suggesting that omega-3s can be beneficial for allergies, consumers should approach supplementation with caution and in consultation with healthcare professionals.

Based on user reviews, many individuals have reported significant improvements in various symptoms after using this supplement, particularly in managing migraines, PMS, and sleep quality. One reviewer noted a marked reduction in migraines and no severe menstrual pain, highlighting how the product positively influenced their overall health without causing allergies or digestive issues (Read Review). Additionally, another user found that the fish oil helped alleviate hand dryness during winter, although they cautioned about dosage to prevent discomfort (Read Review).

However, it's crucial to acknowledge that individual experiences can vary widely. Several users reported adverse reactions, including allergies linked to specific ingredients like lemon oil or fish oil, which suggests that while the supplement may offer relief to some, others may face challenges and should be cautious if they have a history of allergies (Read Review) (Read Review). For those without such sensitivities, the consensus appears to lean positively towards the supplement's effectiveness in improving health symptoms.

Based on user reviews, experiences with combining this supplement with other products for allergies vary significantly. Some users reported beneficial effects, stating the supplement helped alleviate their allergy symptoms without causing any adverse reactions. For instance, one reviewer noted that their child, who has multiple food allergies, did not experience any allergies from using the product, which was a relief for them (Read Review). Another customer appreciated the pleasant lemon aroma, specifically mentioning they were using it to help alleviate their allergies while also aiming to protect their mother from dementia (Read Review).

However, caution is warranted, as several users reported experiencing allergies linked to certain ingredients within the supplement. One reviewer had to discontinue use due to severe allergic reactions, likely triggered by lemon oil (Read Review). Additionally, some individuals experienced reactions they attributed to fish oil, such as digestive discomfort and fishy burps (Read Review). There's a clear divide in user experiences; while some found significant relief and no adverse effects, others reported allergy issues that warrant careful consideration when combining this supplement with others. Overall, users with known sensitivities should exercise caution and possibly consult a health professional before trying this supplement in conjunction with others.

Based on user reviews, the appropriate dosage of Omega 3 Fish Oil for treating allergies appears to vary among individuals. One user reported taking 1 capsule 1-2 times a week to help avoid abdominal discomfort while still benefiting from the supplement's properties, indicating that moderation is key (Read Review). Another mentioned taking 2 capsules regularly with no noted allergies or stomach issues, suggesting a potential effective dosage for overall wellness (Read Review).

However, it's important to note that some users experienced allergic reactions to certain ingredients like lemon oil found in the fish oil supplements, prompting them to seek alternatives or express caution (Read Review) (Read Review). Users with previous seafood allergies also reported developing rashes, highlighting the necessity of being cautious with this supplement (Read Review). Therefore, while some found benefits, the right dosage should be personalized while keeping in mind individual reactions and sensitivities.

8.5
Eases migraines
This product greatly improves my sleep, migraines, and helps ease PMS symptoms. I take 2 capsules regularly, and I've noticed a significant reduction in migraines. I manage to avoid severe pain during menstruation, and there have been no allergies or stomach issues while using it. The ingredients are natural and have positively influenced my health.
0
Severe allergies
I must highlight that this product can trigger severe allergies, as I found I couldn’t consume it due to an allergy, likely from the lemon oil.
9
Effective for dryness
I found this product lovely as it does not cause allergies. During winter, when my hands were exceptionally dry, the cream failed to help. However, the fish oil significantly alleviated the dryness, although I needed to be cautious with the dosage—1 capsule 1-2 times a week—to avoid abdominal swelling and discomfort.
5.8
Potential allergy
Although I know the benefits of omega-3, I've developed a slight rash on my forehead, which I suspect may be an allergy, possibly related to my previous seafood allergy. Consequently, I've ordered flaxseed oil instead. If you don’t have allergies, I definitely recommend this product.
6.8
Large capsules
These capsules are quite large and difficult for me to swallow, and impossible for a child. I cut them open now, which is inconvenient. Thankfully, they did not cause any allergies for my child, who has multiple food allergies.
7.5
Pleasant lemon scent
I'm taking this to alleviate my allergies and to help prevent my mother from developing dementia. It has a pleasant lemon aroma, which is a bonus as it doesn’t smell like fish. Plus, the price is reasonable.
2.5
Fish burps
I bought this for my mother, but regrettably, she experienced allergies to the fish oil and suffered from fishy burps. I would have used it myself if my previous brand was not available.
3.8
Caused allergy
Unfortunately, I did not enjoy this supplement as I developed allergies from it due to the lemon ingredient.
9.5
We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to explore how omega-3 supplementation affects food allergy risks in children, focusing on whether maternal intake during pregnancy or childhood supplementation is more effective.

Our findings revealed that mothers who took omega-3 during pregnancy and lactation significantly lowered the chances of their infants developing allergies to eggs and peanuts.

However, omega-3 consumption later in childhood did not show similar benefits in allergy prevention. This emphasizes the critical timing of supplementation in allergy risk management.
7
Omega-3 supplementation's weak effectiveness
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore whether omega-3 fatty acids taken during pregnancy affect allergic outcomes in children.

While our findings indicate that starting omega-3 supplementation during pregnancy may reduce the risk of sensitization to foods like egg and peanut, the overall evidence is somewhat limited.

This stems from the small number of studies available and concerns regarding their reliability, making it hard to draw definitive conclusions about omega-3's effects on allergies.
8
Maternal omega-3 intake reduces allergies
We explored the effects of maternal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the development of allergies in infants. In a study involving 95 pregnant women, half received omega-3 supplements while the other half received a placebo.

We found that mothers who took omega-3 supplements produced milk with higher levels of beneficial fatty acids. Interestingly, infants of these mothers showed lower rates of immunoglobulin E-associated allergies at 24 months.

This suggests that maternal omega-3 intake during pregnancy and lactation might play a positive role in reducing allergic diseases in their children.
8
Omega-3s and skin allergies
We uncovered intriguing insights into how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and its metabolite, 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (12-HEPE), play a role in managing allergic responses, particularly in the skin. Our study revealed that when mice consumed an omega-3 fatty acid-rich diet, 12-HEPE became a significant metabolite in their skin.

Interestingly, we observed that the enzymes responsible for producing 12-HEPE were more active in the skin compared to other organs. This effective metabolite appeared to reduce inflammation caused by contact hypersensitivity. Specifically, we found that applying 12-HEPE topically limited the influx of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell involved in inflammatory responses.

Taking our research a step further, we investigated the effects of 12-HEPE on human skin cells, or keratinocytes, in lab conditions. Our findings showed that 12-HEPE inhibited two specific genes that cause neutrophils to be attracted to the site of inflammation, showcasing its potential as a therapeutic agent for allergy management. Overall, we identified 12-HEPE as a potent metabolite in the skin, suggesting that dietary omega-3 fatty acids could be a beneficial strategy in controlling allergic reactions.
7
Omega-3 fish oil's mixed allergy effects
We examined the potential of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) from fish oil in allergy prevention. While animal studies suggest promising protective effects, especially in food allergies and asthma, human data remains mixed. Observational studies hint that a higher intake of omega-3s may guard against allergies in early life, particularly when combined with lower omega-6 intake.

However, clinical trials have not consistently shown positive outcomes for asthma patients in terms of lung function, despite some evidence pointing to reduced airway inflammation. More research with larger groups is needed to determine its true effectiveness.
We explored the impacts of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and probiotics on the risk of allergic diseases in children. In a well-designed double-blind trial involving 439 expectant mothers, participants were divided into four groups: one receiving fish oil, another given probiotics, a third group taking both, and a control group with placebos.

While DHA is known for its health benefits, our findings indicated that neither fish oil nor probiotics significantly reduced the odds of developing childhood allergies. The notable exception was the probiotic group, which demonstrated a decrease in recurrent wheezing in children by the age of two.

This hints that there may be some potential in probiotics for reducing asthma risk as children grow. However, it’s important to recognize that DHA alone did not show a clear benefit in preventing allergies in infants, and further studies may clarify these outcomes.
We explored the potential of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in treating allergies by examining a study that focused on squid phospholipids extracted from Todarodes pacificus. The researchers analyzed these phospholipids' makeup and their impact on allergic reactions in models that mimic atopic dermatitis.

Notably, squid phospholipids contain a mix of components like phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine, with DHA as one of their key ingredients. Although the study showed improvements in allergy-like symptoms, the results specifically regarding DHA were less clear-cut.

In fact, when the study compared DHA and another component, soybean phosphatidylcholine, they found that neither significantly impacted the allergy symptoms in the mouse models. This leaves the effectiveness of DHA in isolation somewhat ambiguous.

Therefore, while the broader findings about squid phospholipids look promising for allergy treatment, we can't rightfully claim that DHA alone led to significant benefits. The research presents an intriguing area for future exploration in allergy management.

References

  1. Saika A, Nagatake T, Kishino S, Kitamura N, Honda T, et al. The omega-3 postbiotic -10--15-octadecadienoic acid attenuates contact hypersensitivity in mice through downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor A. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024;14:1355679. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1355679
  2. Tsuji S, Adachi Y, Tsuchida A, Hamazaki K, Matsumura K, et al. Association of allergies in children younger than 3 years with levels of maternal intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids or fish during pregnancy: A nationwide birth cohort study, the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Allergol Int. 2024;73:282. doi:10.1016/j.alit.2023.12.004
  3. Huynh LBP, Nguyen NN, Fan HY, Huang SY, Huang CH, et al. Maternal Omega-3 Supplementation During Pregnancy, but Not Childhood Supplementation, Reduces the Risk of Food Allergy Diseases in Offspring. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2023;11:2862. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2023.06.005
  4. Peng S, Du Z, He Y, Zhao F, Chen Y, et al. Association of Maternal Erythrocyte PUFA during Pregnancy with Offspring Allergy in the Chinese Population. Nutrients. 2022;14. doi:10.3390/nu14112312
  5. Adjibade M, Davisse-Paturet C, Bernard JY, Adel-Patient K, Divaret-Chauveau A, et al. Enrichment of infant formula with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of infection and allergy in the nationwide ELFE birth cohort. Allergy. 2022;77:1522. doi:10.1111/all.15137
  6. Miles EA, Childs CE, Calder PC. Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (LCPUFAs) and the Developing Immune System: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2021;13. doi:10.3390/nu13010247
  7. Hirata SI, Nagatake T, Sawane K, Hosomi K, Honda T, et al. Maternal ω3 docosapentaenoic acid inhibits infant allergic dermatitis through TRAIL-expressing plasmacytoid dendritic cells in mice. Allergy. 2020;75:1939. doi:10.1111/all.14217
  8. Huhmann R, Mueller RS. A cream containing omega-3-fatty acids, humectants and emollients as an aid in the treatment of equine Culicoides hypersensitivity. Vet Dermatol. 2019;30:155. doi:10.1111/vde.12728
  9. Vahdaninia M, Mackenzie H, Dean T, Helps S. ω-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy and risk of allergic outcomes or sensitization in offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2019;122:302. doi:10.1016/j.anai.2018.12.008
  10. Hirakata T, Lee HC, Ohba M, Saeki K, Okuno T, et al. Dietary ω-3 fatty acids alter the lipid mediator profile and alleviate allergic conjunctivitis without modulating T2 immune responses. FASEB J. 2019;33:3392. doi:10.1096/fj.201801805R
  11. Clausen M, Jonasson K, Keil T, Beyer K, Sigurdardottir ST. Fish oil in infancy protects against food allergy in Iceland-Results from a birth cohort study. Allergy. 2018;73:1305. doi:10.1111/all.13385
  12. Hansen S, Strøm M, Maslova E, Dahl R, Hoffmann HJ, et al. Fish oil supplementation during pregnancy and allergic respiratory disease in the adult offspring. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139:104. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.042
  13. Best KP, Sullivan T, Palmer D, Gold M, Kennedy DJ, et al. Prenatal Fish Oil Supplementation and Allergy: 6-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Pediatrics. 2016;137. doi:10.1542/peds.2015-4443
  14. Willemsen LEM. Dietary n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in allergy prevention and asthma treatment. Eur J Pharmacol. 2016;785:174. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.03.062
  15. Warstedt K, Furuhjelm C, Fälth-Magnusson K, Fagerås M, Duchén K. High levels of omega-3 fatty acids in milk from omega-3 fatty acid-supplemented mothers are related to less immunoglobulin E-associated disease in infancy. Acta Paediatr. 2016;105:1337. doi:10.1111/apa.13395
  16. Ahmed N, Barrow CJ, Suphioglu C. Exploring the Effects of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids on Allergy Using a HEK-Blue Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17:220. doi:10.3390/ijms17020220
  17. Li SY, Zheng PY, Zhai YY, Zhang YD, Gan H, et al. [Analysis of the effect of early subcutaneous specific immunotherapy on the levels of dust mite allergen-specific antibodies and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2024;58:778. doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20240124-00083
  18. Komulainen M, Saros L, Vahlberg T, Nermes M, Jartti T, et al. Maternal fish oil and/or probiotics intervention: Allergic diseases in children up to two years old. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2023;34:e14004. doi:10.1111/pai.14004
  19. Mirrahimi B, Moazemi M, Eslami N, Jamshidi E, Mir M, et al. Evaluating the Effect of Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Children With Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomized Triple-Blind Clinical Trial. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2023;28:29. doi:10.5863/1551-6776-28.1.29
  20. Imai T, Takada Y, Watanabe K. Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Intake on Eosinophil Airway Inflammation in University Athletes. J Clin Med Res. 2022;14:466. doi:10.14740/jocmr4825
  21. Decsi T, Marosvölgyi T, Muszil E, Bódy B, Szabó É. Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status at Birth and Development of Childhood Allergy: A Systematic Review. Life (Basel). 2022;12. doi:10.3390/life12040526
  22. Saika A, Nagatake T, Hirata SI, Sawane K, Adachi J, et al. ω3 fatty acid metabolite, 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid, alleviates contact hypersensitivity by downregulation of CXCL1 and CXCL2 gene expression in keratinocytes via retinoid X receptor α. FASEB J. 2021;35:e21354. doi:10.1096/fj.202001687R
  23. Kanda N, Hoashi T, Saeki H. Nutrition and Atopic Dermatitis. J Nippon Med Sch. 2021;88:171. doi:10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2021_88-317
  24. Miles EA, Childs CE, Calder PC. Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (LCPUFAs) and the Developing Immune System: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2021;13. doi:10.3390/nu13010247
  25. Barman M, Rabe H, Hesselmar B, Johansen S, Sandberg AS, et al. Cord Blood Levels of EPA, a Marker of Fish Intake, Correlate with Infants' T- and B-Lymphocyte Phenotypes and Risk for Allergic Disease. Nutrients. 2020;12. doi:10.3390/nu12103000
  26. Hoppenbrouwers T, Fogliano V, Garssen J, Pellegrini N, Willemsen LEM, et al. Specific Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Can Modulate Human moDC2s and Subsequent Th2 Cytokine Release. Front Immunol. 2020;11:748. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00748
  27. Saika A, Nagatake T, Kishino S, Park SB, Honda T, et al. 17(),18()-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid generated by cytochrome P450 BM-3 from inhibits the development of contact hypersensitivity via G-protein-coupled receptor 40-mediated neutrophil suppression. FASEB Bioadv. 2020;2:59. doi:10.1096/fba.2019-00061
  28. Su Y, Choi HS, Kwon SK, Han Y, Cho SC, et al. Lipid mediators obtained from docosahexaenoic acid by soybean lipoxygenase alleviate ovalbumin‑induced allergic asthma in mice by reducing airway inflammation and oxidative stress. Mol Med Rep. 2025;31. doi:10.3892/mmr.2025.13451
  29. Sato A, Sato G, Yabuki A, Ogawa Y, Nemoto H, et al. Ameliorative effects of squid phospholipids from Todarodes pacificus on atopic dermatitis-like lesions in NC/Nga mice. Arch Dermatol Res. 2025;317:239. doi:10.1007/s00403-024-03773-9
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