We explored how magnesium supplementation can help alleviate migraines, a condition that affects countless individuals and can be incredibly disabling. Research has shown a strong link between magnesium deficiency and various factors that contribute to migraines, such as neurological changes and inflammation.
Studies, including randomized controlled trials, indicate that magnesium can reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks, both in the short term and as a preventative measure. This effectiveness is thought to stem from magnesium's ability to influence nerve function and reduce stress responses in the body.
We've examined the accumulating evidence from case studies and clinical trials, and it clearly points to magnesium being a valuable option for those suffering from migraines. By addressing magnesium deficiency, we may offer a new avenue for relief and improved management of this challenging condition.
Read More
8
Magnesium aids migraine prevention
Nutraceuticals and Headache 2024: Riboflavin, Coenzyme Q10, Feverfew, Magnesium, Melatonin, and Butterbur.
We observed that magnesium plays a notable role in migraine prevention and treatment. Specifically, magnesium is recommended for both chronic migraine management and immediate intravenous relief during acute migraine episodes. The use of magnesium appears to be linked with mild gastrointestinal side effects, indicating that it is generally well-tolerated by those who use it.
Although individual responses may vary, magnesium has shown promising results for many people managing migraines. It's essential to consider this approach alongside other treatments, as magnesium supplementation might enhance overall migraine management. For those looking for alternative or complementary options, magnesium could be a viable choice worth exploring further.
Read More
9
Magnesium significantly alleviates migraines
Effects of selected dietary supplements on migraine prophylaxis: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
We explored how magnesium supplementation affects the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks. The study relied on evidence gathered from twenty-two randomized controlled trials, providing a solid foundation for our findings.
Through a detailed analysis, we found that magnesium supplementation significantly reduced migraine attacks, with a marked decrease in severity and the number of days afflicted each month. Specifically, magnesium showed a mean difference of -2.51 in attack frequency and -0.88 in severity compared to those who did not receive the supplement.
This promising outcome suggests that magnesium could be an effective option for individuals seeking migraine relief. As we delved deeper into the study, it became clear that while additional research is needed to establish long-term effects, magnesium’s immediate benefits in reducing migraines are noteworthy.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Significant improvement
28 people found this helpful
I love Nature Made Magnesium; it really helps with my migraines. I've suffered from migraines since I was 16 and have tried various medications with no relief. A friend suggested magnesium, and I've been taking it for just over a month now. My migraines have lessened, and I would recommend it to anyone looking for help with their migraines. Nature Made is my go-to brand.
Read More
7.5
Significantly reduced migraines
19 people found this helpful
I take this to ward off migraines! After reading that magnesium is beneficial for constant migraines, I began using this product. I've only had about two migraines in six months. While results may vary individually, it is worth trying if you experience constant migraines. I take this along with zinc.
Read More
9
No atypical migraines
6 people found this helpful
Works wonders for my RLS and atypical migraines. Despite being sceptical about supplements, after a prescription worsened my RLS, I decided to try magnesium. To my surprise, I found it beneficial. As a bonus, I have not had an atypical migraine since starting these. They are easy to swallow, inexpensive, and effective—a win-win for me.
We explored how magnesium supplementation can help alleviate migraines, a condition that affects countless individuals and can be incredibly disabling. Research has shown a strong link between magnesium deficiency and various factors that contribute to migraines, such as neurological changes and inflammation.
Studies, including randomized controlled trials, indicate that magnesium can reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks, both in the short term and as a preventative measure. This effectiveness is thought to stem from magnesium's ability to influence nerve function and reduce stress responses in the body.
We've examined the accumulating evidence from case studies and clinical trials, and it clearly points to magnesium being a valuable option for those suffering from migraines. By addressing magnesium deficiency, we may offer a new avenue for relief and improved management of this challenging condition.
Read More
9
Magnesium significantly alleviates migraines
Effects of selected dietary supplements on migraine prophylaxis: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
We explored how magnesium supplementation affects the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks. The study relied on evidence gathered from twenty-two randomized controlled trials, providing a solid foundation for our findings.
Through a detailed analysis, we found that magnesium supplementation significantly reduced migraine attacks, with a marked decrease in severity and the number of days afflicted each month. Specifically, magnesium showed a mean difference of -2.51 in attack frequency and -0.88 in severity compared to those who did not receive the supplement.
This promising outcome suggests that magnesium could be an effective option for individuals seeking migraine relief. As we delved deeper into the study, it became clear that while additional research is needed to establish long-term effects, magnesium’s immediate benefits in reducing migraines are noteworthy.
Read More
9
Effective magnesium treatment for migraines
Assessing the efficacy of magnesium oxide and riboflavin as preventative treatment of migraines in pregnancy.
We examined how magnesium oxide (MgO), both alone and with riboflavin, helps prevent migraines in pregnant individuals. This retrospective study included 203 patients treated between 2015 and 2020, analyzing outcomes such as migraine frequency, severity, and duration.
We found that both treatment options reduced migraines significantly, with 77% of participants experiencing improvement in associated symptoms. The results indicate that magnesium oxide can be an effective option for managing migraines during pregnancy, making it a potential consideration for expectant mothers suffering from this condition.
Read More
8
Magnesium aids migraine prevention
Nutraceuticals and Headache 2024: Riboflavin, Coenzyme Q10, Feverfew, Magnesium, Melatonin, and Butterbur.
We observed that magnesium plays a notable role in migraine prevention and treatment. Specifically, magnesium is recommended for both chronic migraine management and immediate intravenous relief during acute migraine episodes. The use of magnesium appears to be linked with mild gastrointestinal side effects, indicating that it is generally well-tolerated by those who use it.
Although individual responses may vary, magnesium has shown promising results for many people managing migraines. It's essential to consider this approach alongside other treatments, as magnesium supplementation might enhance overall migraine management. For those looking for alternative or complementary options, magnesium could be a viable choice worth exploring further.
Read More
8
Nonprescription therapy shows promise
Effects of nonprescription therapies on vestibular migraine: a questionnaire-based observational study.
We examined the potential role of magnesium, along with other natural ingredients, in reducing the severity and frequency of symptoms associated with vestibular migraine (VM). This observational study involved a questionnaire-based approach where we encouraged patients to consider lifestyle changes alongside an over-the-counter supplement containing magnesium and other components.
Over a three-month period, we collected data from 82 participants, focusing on symptom severity using various assessment tools. We found that there was a notable decrease in the reported severity and frequency of VM symptoms. Patients indicated improvements in their discomfort levels, with around 50% reporting better outcomes.
While magnesium was part of a combination therapy, our findings suggest that nonprescription treatments can significantly impact VM symptoms. This offers a positive outlook for individuals seeking alternative management strategies for their migraines without relying solely on prescription medications.
I love Nature Made Magnesium; it really helps with my migraines. I've suffered from migraines since I was 16 and have tried various medications with no relief. A friend suggested magnesium, and I've been taking it for just over a month now. My migraines have lessened, and I would recommend it to anyone looking for help with their migraines. Nature Made is my go-to brand.
Read More
7.5
Significantly reduced migraines
19 people found this helpful
I take this to ward off migraines! After reading that magnesium is beneficial for constant migraines, I began using this product. I've only had about two migraines in six months. While results may vary individually, it is worth trying if you experience constant migraines. I take this along with zinc.
Read More
9
No atypical migraines
6 people found this helpful
Works wonders for my RLS and atypical migraines. Despite being sceptical about supplements, after a prescription worsened my RLS, I decided to try magnesium. To my surprise, I found it beneficial. As a bonus, I have not had an atypical migraine since starting these. They are easy to swallow, inexpensive, and effective—a win-win for me.
Read More
9
Effective relief
5 people found this helpful
I bought this for relief from my migraines in combination with B12. I am very satisfied with the results so far! I highly recommend these vitamins.
Read More
6
Good value
28 people found this helpful
This type of magnesium isn't the best absorbed, yet it helps enough with migraine prevention. There are no side effects, making it good value for the price.
Migraine is a neurological condition characterized by recurrent and often debilitating headaches, typically accompanied by a variety of symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and heightened sensitivity to light and sound. These headaches can be pulsing or throbbing in nature and are usually localized to one side of the head, although they can occur on both sides. Migraines can last anywhere from a few hours to several days and can significantly interfere with daily activities. Many individuals also experience an "aura," which can include visual disturbances like flashing lights or blind spots, as a precursor to the actual headache.
While the exact cause of migraines is not fully understood, they are thought to be linked to changes in brain activity and environmental factors, along with genetics. Various triggers can precipitate a migraine attack, including stress, hormonal changes, certain foods, and sleep disturbances. Treatment options vary and can include prescription medications, over-the-counter pain relief, lifestyle changes, and preventive strategies. If you suffer from migraines, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional to develop a tailored management plan suited to your symptoms and needs.
Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a lightweight, silvery-white metal that is a member of the alkaline earth metals group. Often classified as one of the most abundant elements in the Earth's crust, magnesium plays a crucial role in various biological functions and is essential for living organisms. In nature, magnesium can be found in large quantities, primarily in minerals such as dolomite and magnesite, and it is also present in seawater.
In terms of health benefits, magnesium is vital for numerous metabolic processes, including energy production, DNA synthesis, and muscle function. It contributes to bone health, helps regulate blood pressure, and supports bone formation by promoting the effects of vitamin D. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for magnesium varies by age and gender, but it is generally important to include magnesium-rich foods like leafy greens, nuts, seeds, and whole grains in your diet to ensure adequate intake. For those who may not receive enough magnesium through their diet alone, supplements are also available; however, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplementation.
Magnesium has been researched for its potential role in alleviating migraines, and several studies suggest that it may indeed provide some benefit for individuals suffering from these debilitating headaches. This essential mineral is thought to help by regulating neurotransmitter function, which can play a significant role in triggering migraines. Some findings indicate that magnesium supplementation may reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks, particularly in individuals with magnesium deficiencies.
If you're considering magnesium for migraine management, it's available in various forms such as magnesium citrate, magnesium oxide, and magnesium glycinate. The recommended dosage can vary, but typical supplements range from 200 to 600 mg per day. However, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement, especially if you have existing health conditions or take medications. While magnesium can be an effective option for some, it may not work for everyone, and a tailored approach is always best for managing migraine symptoms.
Based on user reviews, the time it typically takes to see results from magnesium supplementation for migraines can vary. Many users report experiencing improvements relatively quickly, often within a few weeks of consistent use. For instance, one reviewer noted significant improvement in their migraines after regular intake, although specific timeframes were not detailed Read Review.
Others have shared that magnesium not only helps with migraines but also provides additional benefits such as improved mood and sleep quality, indicating that users may feel relief in related areas sooner than anticipated Read Review. Overall, while immediate results can be subjective, several users highlight the effectiveness of magnesium over time, suggesting that patience and consistency are key to realizing its full benefits.
Magnesium supplementation is increasingly recognized for its potential benefits in managing migraines, supported by a variety of scientific studies. Research indicates a notable correlation between low magnesium levels and the frequency and severity of migraine attacks. For instance, a comprehensive review involving randomized controlled trials reported significant reductions in both the number and intensity of migraine episodes among participants taking magnesium supplements [4]. Another study highlighted that magnesium can be an effective treatment for both chronic migraines and for rapid relief during acute attacks [2].
The evidence suggests that magnesium works by influencing neurological functions and reducing inflammation, which are crucial in migraine pathology [1]. While the overall effectiveness of magnesium as a standalone treatment can vary from person to person, many studies advocate its use as a complementary approach alongside other lifestyle modifications and treatments, indicating it may enhance overall migraine management [3]. As such, for individuals seeking relief from migraines, magnesium represents a promising option worth considering, particularly for those investigating alternative or supplement-based treatments.
Users report a range of improvements in symptoms associated with magnesium supplementation, particularly in relation to migraines and digestive health. Many have highlighted significant relief from migraines, with some noting that magnesium not only alleviated their migraine frequency but also improved related conditions such as constipation and mood disturbances. For instance, one user stated that magnesium helped eliminate their headaches associated with dystonia and described feeling more relaxed overall Read Review. Another reviewer mentioned that while the pills were large and challenging to swallow, they provided substantial migraine relief, enhanced sleep quality, and assisted with constipation Read Review. Furthermore, a user shared that after taking magnesium, they observed an unexpected resolution of years-long constipation issuesRead Review.
While individual results can vary, the consensus among users indicates that magnesium can have multiple benefits, extending beyond just migraine relief to enhancing overall mood and well-being. One reviewer noted a calming effect, suggesting that magnesium may contribute positively to mental health as well Read Review. However, it's important to note that the efficacy can depend on the specific type of magnesium used, as some report issues with absorption Read Review. Overall, many users affirm the value of magnesium in managing not just migraines but a variety of related physiological concerns.
Users report a variety of experiences when combining magnesium supplements with other supplements for managing migraines. Several reviewers suggest that magnesium alone has been effective, often addressing migraines while also providing additional benefits such as improved mood and sleep quality. For instance, one user noted that their migraines improved significantly after taking magnesium at night, which also helped them relax and sleep better Read Review. Another reviewer mentioned that magnesium not only alleviated their migraine symptoms but also unexpectedly resolved longstanding constipation issues, indicating that it may work synergistically with other health conditions they were facing Read Review.
While most feedback is positive, some users caution that the absorption of magnesium can vary among different formulations, which may influence its effectiveness in combination with other supplements Read Review. The sentiment suggests that while magnesium can be useful on its own, its performance might be contingent upon the specific product being used, and users may need to experiment with dosages or types of magnesium to find the most effective regimen for their migraines Read Review. Overall, many users affirm the benefits of magnesium for migraine management, potentially optimizing its effects when carefully paired with other health supplements.
When it comes to the optimal dose of magnesium for treating migraines, research suggests that supplementation can provide significant relief. Studies have shown that magnesium can help decrease the frequency and severity of migraine attacks. For instance, research indicates a mean difference of -2.51 in attack frequency and -0.88 in severity, highlighting magnesium's effectiveness as a potential treatment option [4]. While specific dosages can vary among individuals, clinical insights suggest that a regular intake of magnesium, whether through dietary sources or supplements, can promote better management of migraines.
In practice, dosages of magnesium ranging from 400 mg to 600 mg per day are commonly recommended for migraine prevention, although it's crucial to consult with a healthcare provider to tailor the approach to individual needs [3]. Furthermore, while magnesium is a promising complement to traditional migraine treatments, it's worth noting that it may not be a standalone solution for everyone. Combining magnesium supplementation with lifestyle adjustments—such as stress management, sleep hygiene, and dietary changes—may enhance its potential benefits [8]. Always consider personal health conditions and collaborate with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplementation regimen.
9
Migraine management
This is the best magnesium I've purchased. Although the pills are large and hard to swallow, they significantly improve my migraines, help me sleep well, and assist with constipation. I take two before bed every night.
7.5
Calming effect
I take magnesium for migraine relief and to enhance my mood and well-being. I find it effective, providing a calming effect.
7.5
Migraine relief
23 people found this helpful
Magnesium is essential for the body's functions, including energy metabolism and mood regulation. I take a Nature Made Magnesium Tablet at night, which relaxes me and has eliminated my headaches related to dystonia. The tablets are small, and I experienced no gastrointestinal side effects. My girlfriend now takes it too and appreciates how beneficial magnesium can be for health.
7.5
Migraine and constipation
I started taking magnesium for migraines, and it unexpectedly cleared up years of constipation as well. The pills are easy to swallow and of high quality.
6
Migraine support
The ingredient quality is good, but I might choose a different magnesium as this one is reportedly poorly absorbed. It was intended for my migraines and has also helped with constipation.
9
Magnesium significantly alleviates migraines
Effects of selected dietary supplements on migraine prophylaxis: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
We explored how magnesium supplementation affects the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks. The study relied on evidence gathered from twenty-two randomized controlled trials, providing a solid foundation for our findings.
Through a detailed analysis, we found that magnesium supplementation significantly reduced migraine attacks, with a marked decrease in severity and the number of days afflicted each month. Specifically, magnesium showed a mean difference of -2.51 in attack frequency and -0.88 in severity compared to those who did not receive the supplement.
This promising outcome suggests that magnesium could be an effective option for individuals seeking migraine relief. As we delved deeper into the study, it became clear that while additional research is needed to establish long-term effects, magnesium’s immediate benefits in reducing migraines are noteworthy.
8
Magnesium aids migraine prevention
Nutraceuticals and Headache 2024: Riboflavin, Coenzyme Q10, Feverfew, Magnesium, Melatonin, and Butterbur.
We observed that magnesium plays a notable role in migraine prevention and treatment. Specifically, magnesium is recommended for both chronic migraine management and immediate intravenous relief during acute migraine episodes. The use of magnesium appears to be linked with mild gastrointestinal side effects, indicating that it is generally well-tolerated by those who use it.
Although individual responses may vary, magnesium has shown promising results for many people managing migraines. It's essential to consider this approach alongside other treatments, as magnesium supplementation might enhance overall migraine management. For those looking for alternative or complementary options, magnesium could be a viable choice worth exploring further.
We explored how magnesium supplementation can help alleviate migraines, a condition that affects countless individuals and can be incredibly disabling. Research has shown a strong link between magnesium deficiency and various factors that contribute to migraines, such as neurological changes and inflammation.
Studies, including randomized controlled trials, indicate that magnesium can reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks, both in the short term and as a preventative measure. This effectiveness is thought to stem from magnesium's ability to influence nerve function and reduce stress responses in the body.
We've examined the accumulating evidence from case studies and clinical trials, and it clearly points to magnesium being a valuable option for those suffering from migraines. By addressing magnesium deficiency, we may offer a new avenue for relief and improved management of this challenging condition.
7
Magnesium's potential in migraine relief
Practical supplements for prevention and management of migraine attacks: a narrative review.
We explored the role of magnesium as a potential treatment for migraines through a review of existing literature. Migraines can be intense and debilitating, impacting many individuals' day-to-day lives. Our focus was on understanding whether supplementing magnesium could help in preventing or managing these attacks.
Some studies suggest that low levels of magnesium may be linked to more frequent or severe migraine episodes. When people suffer from migraines, inflammation and oxidative stress might contribute to their pain, and magnesium appears to play a role in helping regulate these processes. By supporting brain health and energy metabolism, magnesium could potentially mitigate some of the triggers associated with migraines.
Although the evidence does point to benefits from magnesium supplementation, we noted that more extensive, well-controlled studies are necessary to draw firm conclusions. Overall, while magnesium shows promise, it may not be a standalone solution and could work best in combination with other treatments.
7
Magnesium's mixed results for migraines
Management of Migraine-Associated Vestibulocochlear Disorders.
We observed that magnesium is often mentioned in discussions about effective treatments for migraines. This mineral plays a vital role in many bodily functions, and its potential to alleviate migraine symptoms is supported by anecdotal evidence.
Our analysis points out that while magnesium is particularly noted for its benefits, the details surrounding its standalone effectiveness in managing migraines remain unclear. It seems to work best when combined with lifestyle changes such as stress management and sleep hygiene, as well as with dietary adjustments that avoid common migraine triggers.
We understand that people looking for relief from migraines may find hope in using magnesium supplements. However, it's essential to highlight that in the broader context of migraine treatments, magnesium alone may not completely resolve the issue for everyone. So, while some individuals report improvements, it's not a one-size-fits-all solution.
References
Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Sabico S, Al-Daghri NM, Barbagallo M. Magnesium and Migraine. Nutrients. 2025;17. doi:10.3390/nu17040725
Tepper SJ, Tepper K. Nutraceuticals and Headache 2024: Riboflavin, Coenzyme Q10, Feverfew, Magnesium, Melatonin, and Butterbur. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2025;29:33. doi:10.1007/s11916-025-01358-3
Hajhashemy Z, Golpour-Hamedani S, Eshaghian N, Sadeghi O, Khorvash F, et al. Practical supplements for prevention and management of migraine attacks: a narrative review. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1433390. doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1433390
Talandashti MK, Shahinfar H, Delgarm P, Jazayeri S. Effects of selected dietary supplements on migraine prophylaxis: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Neurol Sci. 2025;46:651. doi:10.1007/s10072-024-07794-0
Gazerani P, Papetti L, Dalkara T, Cook CL, Webster C, et al. The Brain, the Eating Plate, and the Gut Microbiome: Partners in Migraine Pathogenesis. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16142222
Hannigan IP, Rosengren SM, Di Tanna GL, Watson SRD, Welgampola MS. Effects of nonprescription therapies on vestibular migraine: a questionnaire-based observational study. Intern Med J. 2024;54:916. doi:10.1111/imj.16314
Kurhade PI, Kodape SM, Das A, Bansod PG. Synergistic action of sumatriptan delivery and targeting magnesium deficiency using green, pH-responsive MgO nanoparticles synthesized from mahua flower extracts. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023. doi:10.1007/s11356-023-30648-9
Umemoto KK, Tawk K, Mazhari N, Abouzari M, Djalilian HR. Management of Migraine-Associated Vestibulocochlear Disorders. Audiol Res. 2023;13:528. doi:10.3390/audiolres13040047
Gaul C, Zaranek L, Goßrau G. [Complementary and supplementary procedures in the treatment of headache]. Schmerz. 2023;37:448. doi:10.1007/s00482-023-00738-1
Shenoy NN, Gheewala GK, Kedambadi R, Pai S, Zulfikli KM, et al. Can Serum Magnesium Level and Visual Evoked Potentials (P100) be a Predictive in Migraineurs?: Evidence Based Study. Neurol India. 2023;71:463. doi:10.4103/0028-3886.378668
Frank M, Abouzari M, Djalilian HR. Meniere's disease is a manifestation of migraine. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2023;31:313. doi:10.1097/MOO.0000000000000908
Pawar V, Ashraf H, Dorsala S, Mary P, Hameed N, et al. Motorist's Vestibular Disorientation Syndrome (MVDS)-Proposed Diagnostic Criteria. J Pers Med. 2023;13. doi:10.3390/jpm13050732
Hoshino MT, Bochio MG, Spagnol Bonache J, Ludwig L, Leandro de Campos M, et al. Plasma and erythrocyte magnesium levels: from validation of the method to analysis in volunteers diagnosed to migraine. Magnes Res. 2022;35:51. doi:10.1684/mrh.2022.0502
Mahajan R, Anand KS, Mahajan RK, Garg J, Juneja A. Serum Magnesium Levels During the Ictal and Interictal Phase in Patients of Migraine: A Prospective Observational Study. Neurol India. 2022;70:1852. doi:10.4103/0028-3886.359247
Bhurat R, Premkumar S, Manokaran RK. Serum Magnesium Levels in Children With and Without Migraine: A Cross-Sectional Study. Indian Pediatr. 2022;59:623.
Mazza GR, Solorio C, Stek AM, Kalayjian LA, Wilson ML, et al. Assessing the efficacy of magnesium oxide and riboflavin as preventative treatment of migraines in pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2023;308:1749. doi:10.1007/s00404-022-06872-y
Ariyanfar S, Razeghi Jahromi S, Togha M, Ghorbani Z. Review on Headache Related to Dietary Supplements. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2022;26:193. doi:10.1007/s11916-022-01019-9
Guerrero-Toro C, Koroleva K, Ermakova E, Gafurov O, Abushik P, et al. Testing the Role of Glutamate NMDA Receptors in Peripheral Trigeminal Nociception Implicated in Migraine Pain. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23. doi:10.3390/ijms23031529
Matin H, Taghian F, Chitsaz A. Artificial intelligence analysis to explore synchronize exercise, cobalamin, and magnesium as new actors to therapeutic of migraine symptoms: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Neurol Sci. 2022;43:4413. doi:10.1007/s10072-021-05843-6
Karim MR, Bhattacharjee M, Islam MS, Banerjee S, Hossain S, et al. Relation between Serum Magnesium Level and Migraine. Mymensingh Med J. 2021;30:301.