We examined how vitamin D levels relate to acne and the potential connection with acne severity. By analyzing data from various studies, we found that 1,362 individuals with acne were compared against 1,081 healthy controls.
Our findings revealed that those with acne had significantly lower vitamin D levels compared to the healthy participants. Additionally, vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent among acne sufferers. Interestingly, we also observed a negative correlation between vitamin D levels and acne severity, suggesting that lower levels of this vitamin might be associated with more severe acne.
This evidence points to the possibility that vitamin D plays a role in acne development. However, while our results are compelling, they encourage further investigation into how vitamin D might influence acne severity and whether its supplementation could be beneficial for those affected by this condition.
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8
Vitamin D and acne relationship examined
Vitamin D status and efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in acne patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
We sought to understand the connection between vitamin D levels and acne, along with how vitamin D supplementation might help those suffering from this common skin condition. Our investigation included various studies from a range of databases, focusing on the serum levels of a specific form of vitamin D—25(OH)D—and the effectiveness of vitamin D supplements for acne patients.
In our findings, we discovered that individuals with acne generally had lower serum levels of vitamin D. Specifically, the data revealed a significant difference, with acne patients showing a standardized mean difference of -7.66 ng/ml in vitamin D levels compared to those without the condition. Importantly, the articles we reviewed also pointed out the potential for vitamin D supplements to serve as a therapeutic option for improving acne.
Overall, this research contributes valuable insights into how vitamin D may play a role in managing acne, suggesting that addressing vitamin D deficiency in patients could have positive outcomes for their skin health.
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8
Zinc effective for acne treatment
Serum zinc levels and efficacy of zinc treatment in acne vulgaris: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
We explored how zinc affects acne through a systematic review and meta-analysis that looked at two main questions. First, we wanted to know if there are differences in zinc levels between people with acne and those without. Second, we examined how effective zinc treatments are for managing acne.
Our findings showed that individuals with acne had noticeably lower serum zinc levels compared to those in the control group. Furthermore, when we looked at treatments, those who received zinc showed a significant reduction in their inflammatory papule count—a common symptom of acne. Importantly, we noted that side effects from zinc supplementation were similar to those seen in other treatments, suggesting that zinc is safe to use.
Overall, acne patients appear to benefit from improved zinc levels, especially when zinc is used either on its own or alongside other acne treatments. This gives hope for those looking for effective ways to tackle acne issues!
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Most Useful Reviews
9
Effective acne solution
Affordable but effective, I bought this since many friends mentioned a magnesium or zinc deficiency may cause my acne. This supplement has definitely helped me with my acne.
Read More
9
Fewer acne spots
I really like these vitamins; my skin has improved, with fewer acne spots.
Read More
7.5
Convenient results
Excellent complex with noticeable results! It's convenient to take, just once daily with a meal. I've observed that my hair falls out less, my nails have improved, and acne on my face is less painful if it does occur. I've also felt calmer overall. This complex dietary supplement is quite effective.
Treatment of Resistant Acne Vulgaris in Adolescents Using Dietary Supplementation with Magnesium, Phosphate and Fatty Acids (Omega 6 and 7): Comparison with 13-Cis-Retinoic Acid.
We examined how dietary supplementation with magnesium, among other nutrients, could help treat acne vulgaris. In a six-month study, one group received this natural supplement while another was given isotretinoin.
Notably, all participants in the magnesium group reported complete regression of their symptoms, contrasting with 68% in the isotretinoin group. This significant difference suggests that magnesium can be highly effective for acne treatment, offering a promising alternative with fewer side effects.
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9.5
Zinc's role in acne treatment
Ultrasound-triggered interfacial engineering-based microneedle for bacterial infection acne treatment.
We investigated the effectiveness of a novel microneedle patch designed for acne treatment, which incorporates zinc-based nanoparticles. This patch combines sodium hyaluronate with zinc porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks and zinc oxide. By using ultrasound to release activated oxygen, we observed a remarkable antibacterial efficiency, achieving a 99.73% reduction in acne-causing bacteria within just 15 minutes.
Zinc plays a crucial role in this innovative approach. Not only does it help eliminate harmful bacteria, but it also appears to enhance skin health. The presence of zinc ions promotes the up-regulation of genes associated with DNA replication, which supports the growth of fibroblasts. This is a vital process for skin repair and rejuvenation, showing that zinc can potentially contribute to both the treatment and recovery of acne-affected skin.
Overall, our findings suggest that this microneedle patch, which utilizes zinc and ultrasound-responsive technology, represents a promising strategy for effectively managing acne without relying on traditional antibiotics.
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9
Calcium filler shows promise for scars
Combined use of microfocused ultrasound and a calcium hydroxylapatite dermal filler for treating atrophic acne scars: A pilot study.
We explored the effectiveness of combining microfocused ultrasound with a calcium hydroxylapatite dermal filler for treating acne scars. This approach was evaluated in a group of healthy adults aged 35-55, who had moderate to severe facial scars from acne.
During the treatment, ultrasound was applied in a cross-hatch pattern to stimulate the skin, followed by injections of a diluted calcium hydroxylapatite filler mixed with lidocaine for comfort. The results were assessed 90 days later, focusing on changes in scar severity and overall satisfaction of the subjects.
The findings revealed significant improvement in acne scars, particularly in those with severe scarring. The majority of participants reported being satisfied with their results, and no adverse side effects were noted. While calcium hydroxylapatite alone was not isolated in this study, its combination with ultrasound showed promising results for reducing scar visibility.
We investigated how zinc treatment affects acne, particularly focusing on its potential benefits for those suffering from acne rosacea. The study observed that zinc sulfate solution at a concentration of 5% played a notable role in reducing the severity of acne rosacea symptoms.
Findings indicated that around 40% to 60% of patients experienced a moderate to good response after using zinc. This suggests that zinc could be helpful for individuals looking for alternatives or supplements in their acne treatment regimen.
However, it's important to acknowledge that while zinc showed positive results, the isolated effect of zinc alone cannot be fully determined. It might have worked in conjunction with other treatment factors, which complicates our understanding of its effectiveness.
Therefore, we emphasize the need for further studies to clarify exactly how zinc contributes to acne treatment outcomes and to evaluate its role alongside other therapies.
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9
Zinc oxide nanoparticles combat acne
Development and Evaluation of Topical Zinc Oxide Nanogels Formulation Using and Its Effect on Acne Vulgaris.
We assessed the potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles in combating acne. Using biogenically synthesized zinc oxide, we mixed it with a polymer to create a topical nanogel aimed at treating acne. Through rigorous testing against acne-causing bacteria, we observed that these biogenic nanoparticles showed a promising antibacterial effect, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria.
Notably, the particle size of our biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles measured around 20 nm, indicating a high degree of purity. When pitted against chemogenic counterparts, the biogenic version proved to be more effective. This suggests that zinc oxide, especially when produced biogenically, could be a valuable addition to skincare products targeting acne.
Moreover, the study highlights the environment-friendly aspect of using biogenic zinc oxide in skincare formulations, making it a preferable choice for those concerned about sustainability. Our findings suggest that these hybrid nanogels could serve as an effective solution against skin infections associated with acne, adding to their appeal in modern skincare.
Affordable but effective, I bought this since many friends mentioned a magnesium or zinc deficiency may cause my acne. This supplement has definitely helped me with my acne.
Read More
9
Fewer acne spots
I really like these vitamins; my skin has improved, with fewer acne spots.
Read More
7.5
Convenient results
Excellent complex with noticeable results! It's convenient to take, just once daily with a meal. I've observed that my hair falls out less, my nails have improved, and acne on my face is less painful if it does occur. I've also felt calmer overall. This complex dietary supplement is quite effective.
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7.5
Supports acne treatment
I consistently order this product due to my acne-prone skin and the need for zinc. It also contains calcium and vitamin D for bone health, which I enjoy taking.
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6
Sleep improvement
97 people found this helpful
The doctor advised me to take this at night due to a stressful period. Since starting, I have been sleeping better, and the cramps in my legs have disappeared. It helps reduce acne, but the effects take about 10 days to notice. The composition is excellent and the quality is good; I noticed results after two weeks.
Acne is a common skin condition that affects people of all ages, though it's especially prevalent among teenagers and young adults. It occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells, leading to the formation of pimples, blackheads, and cysts. The main factors contributing to acne include excess oil production, hormonal changes, and the presence of bacteria on the skin. Acne can manifest in various forms, from mild cases with just a few breakouts to more severe forms that can cause significant inflammation and scarring.
Treatment for acne varies depending on its severity and can range from over-the-counter topical treatments like benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid to prescription medications including retinoids and antibiotics. Lifestyle adjustments, such as maintaining a balanced diet and proper skin hygiene, may also contribute to managing and reducing breakouts. Despite being a common skin issue, the psychological impact of acne should not be underestimated, as it can affect self-esteem and overall quality of life.
Calcium is a chemical element represented by the symbol Ca and atomic number 20. It is an essential mineral in the body, playing a critical role in various physiological processes. As one of the most abundant elements in nature, calcium is particularly vital for maintaining strong bones and teeth, where about 99% of the body's calcium is stored. Beyond its structural function, calcium is crucial in muscle contraction, blood clotting, and nerve transmission, making it a key player in overall health.
Dietary sources of calcium include dairy products such as milk, yogurt, and cheese, as well as leafy green vegetables, nuts, seeds, and fortified foods. The recommended daily intake of calcium varies by age and sex, but generally, adults should aim for approximately 1,000 mg per day. For those who may struggle to meet their needs through diet alone, calcium supplements are available but should be taken with caution. It's essential to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen to avoid potential side effects or interactions with medications.
While calcium plays a vital role in various bodily functions, its direct impact on acne is not well-established. Acne is primarily influenced by factors like hormones, oil production, bacteria, and inflammation. Although sufficient calcium intake is essential for overall skin health and may contribute indirectly to reducing inflammation, there is limited scientific evidence directly linking calcium supplementation to acne improvement. Instead, a balanced diet rich in vitamins A, D, E, and omega-3 fatty acids is often recommended for better skin health and may be more beneficial in managing acne.
For those struggling with acne, focusing on a multifaceted skincare routine that targets the root causes—such as using non-comedogenic products, maintaining proper hygiene, and possibly considering topical treatments or medications—tends to yield more effective results. As always, it's a good idea to consult with a dermatologist before making significant changes to your diet or skincare regimen, especially if you're considering supplements. They can offer personalized recommendations based on your skin's specific needs and overall health.
Based on user reviews, the time frame to see results from this supplement for acne varies among users. Some individuals reported experiencing improvements in their skin within about 10 days, while others noted significant changes after two weeks of consistent use Read Review. Additionally, some users mentioned that it took about a month before they saw a noticeable reduction in acne, alongside other benefits such as improved hair and nail health Read Review.
Overall, while many users appreciate the benefits of the supplement in addressing acne, it seems a cumulative effect may take time, with a common theme suggesting around 10 days to a month for visible changes in skin condition. Factors such as the individual’s skin type and dietary habits may also play a role in these results, making it essential to give the supplement time to work Read Review.
Based on the available scientific research, the role of calcium in acne treatment appears to be multifaceted but does not definitively establish it as a standalone solution for acne. A study demonstrated that calcium treatment can significantly boost sebum production in sebocytes, which are skin cells responsible for oil production. The research identified elevated levels of proteins that regulate lipid production due to calcium exposure, potentially linking these findings to acne development, in which excessive sebum contributes to the condition [1]. However, other studies indicate that while calcium may be related to sebum production, it does not directly confirm its effectiveness in treating acne [3].
In contrast, calcium hydroxylapatite has shown promise specifically for treating acne scars rather than active acne, as seen in controlled trials that indicated noticeable improvements in skin texture and scar visibility among participants receiving this treatment [2]. Furthermore, while some research highlights the interplay between calcium levels and skin health—especially attention to the effects of calcium on skin biology—there is currently no compelling evidence to support calcium as a primary treatment for acne overall. Thus, while calcium demonstrates potential implications in acne-related pathways, more targeted research is needed to establish clear therapeutic applications for acne treatment.
Based on user reviews, there are several anecdotal improvements in symptoms that users have reported after taking this supplement. Many individuals noted a significant reduction in acne, with some claiming their skin appeared clearer and that acne lesions were less painful. For instance, one user remarked, "my skin has improved, with fewer acne spots" Read Review. Another user highlighted a decrease in facial acne and related inflammation, stating, "my niece struggled with acne, but now her skin is much clearer" Read Review.
In addition to visible changes in acne, users also reported ancillary benefits such as improved hair and nail health, along with a general feeling of calmness. One user mentioned feeling "calmer overall" and experiencing less hair shedding alongside reduced acne flare-ups Read Review. Although these positive outcomes are encouraging, it's important to note that individual results can vary significantly based on personal health factors and skin conditions.
Based on user reviews, many individuals report positive experiences when combining this supplement with other aids for acne management. Users highlighted that the formulation, which includes key minerals such as magnesium, zinc, and calcium, appears to support both skin health and overall well-being. For instance, one user mentioned that after taking the supplement alongside magnesium and zinc, they observed less acne and improved hair health, indicating that synergistic effects may enhance the supplement's efficacy against acne Read Review. Another review pointed out that the combined effects of the vitamins helped in managing acne triggered by hormonal imbalances Read Review.
However, not all experiences were uniformly positive; one reviewer reported an adverse reaction leading to additional acne flare-ups when taking the supplement Read Review. This indicates that while there may be benefits to combining this supplement with others, users should remain cautious and attentive to their body's responses. Overall, for many, this supplement presents a complementary approach when aiming to enhance the effectiveness of their existing acne treatment routines.
Based on user reviews, many individuals have found that taking a daily dose of calcium as part of a supplement complex can be effective in managing acne. For instance, one user noted that after consistently taking the vitamins, they observed a decrease in acne spots and pain, indicating positive effects after regular use Read Review. Another user found that taking one capsule daily with meals led to improvement in their acne condition, suggesting that simplicity in dosage could be beneficial Read Review.
Additionally, multiple reviews pointed out the significance of combining calcium with other nutrients like zinc and magnesium, which appears to enhance the overall effectiveness of the treatment Read Review. For example, one parent reported that the supplement not only supported their child's bone health but also contributed to clearer skin Read Review. Overall, users emphasized the importance of consistency and the synergistic effects of combining minerals and vitamins for optimal results in treating acne.
6
Sleep improvement
97 people found this helpful
The doctor advised me to take this at night due to a stressful period. Since starting, I have been sleeping better, and the cramps in my legs have disappeared. It helps reduce acne, but the effects take about 10 days to notice. The composition is excellent and the quality is good; I noticed results after two weeks.
6
Less painful acne
I find taking these vitamins quite convenient—just one capsule daily with meals, which doesn't require much time. After a month of use, I noticed that my hair is shedding less, my nails have improved, and if acne appears on my face, it is no longer as painful. I also feel a bit calmer concerning my nervous system. Overall, I appreciate the vitamins.
9
Fewer acne spots
I really like these vitamins; my skin has improved, with fewer acne spots.
9
Significant acne reduction
An outstanding complex that my family uses. Following Covid, my mother's hair condition improved after a month of use. My niece struggled with acne, but now her skin is much clearer and inflammation has subsided. We are very pleased with the results!
7.5
Convenient results
Excellent complex with noticeable results! It's convenient to take, just once daily with a meal. I've observed that my hair falls out less, my nails have improved, and acne on my face is less painful if it does occur. I've also felt calmer overall. This complex dietary supplement is quite effective.
7.5
Visible acne improvement
My husband and I regularly take magnesium and zinc supplements. My husband suffers from severe leg cramps, while I have acne on my t-zone due to hormonal imbalance. I decided to combine these elements into one supplement. Pros include three microelements, a large quantity, visible results, excellent quality, and good pricing, making it accessible.
6
Stabilises skin conditions
Under stress at work, I began taking magnesium combined with calcium, vitamin D, and zinc. It calms my mood, and I find that it helps combat occasional acne on my chin triggered by hormonal imbalance.
0
Not beneficial
Unfortunately, I had a negative experience and it caused acne. My hair fell out while taking it, and I found the composition to be poor. I am not happy with it.
7.5
Improved skin condition
The complex is excellent, providing everything necessary to support immunity. I appreciate the quality; calcium and magnesium complement each other for better absorption, while zinc bolsters the immune system and enhances skin condition, particularly in relation to acne. I certainly noticed an improvement. The delivery is my favourite, and the taste is acceptable. Additionally, I experienced increased invigoration, energy, and endurance, and vitamin D3 contributed to my activity.
7.5
Clear skin achieved
I repurchased this for my son, a teenager with knee joint issues. It is vital for him to take calcium regularly. I appreciate that it includes magnesium, zinc, and vitamin D, essential for a growing child and effective in combating acne, promoting clearer skin.
8
Calcium enhances sebum production
Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) facilitates lipid production in immortalized human sebocytes via regulating the expression of SREBP1.
We examined how calcium treatment influences sebum production, particularly in relation to acne. Sebocytes, the cells in our skin that produce oil, were treated with calcium, and we confirmed increased lipid production using well-established techniques. This response is important because excessive sebum is a key factor in acne development.
Our findings showed that calcium not only increased the overall sebum output but also stepped up the levels of several key regulators involved in the lipogenesis process. Notably, we observed that calcium treatment boosted the expression of proteins like SREBP1, which plays a crucial role in managing lipid levels in skin cells.
We also discovered that the transcription factor KLF4 was elevated with calcium treatment. This raised a fascinating question: could KLF4 be enhancing lipid production? To test this, we overexpressed KLF4 in sebocytes, and indeed found that it further stimulated the expression of lipid-producing proteins and increased overall lipid production.
In conclusion, our study sheds light on the significant role of calcium in sebum production and highlights KLF4 as a promising new regulator in this process. These insights may open doors for developing more effective acne treatments by targeting sebum production pathways.
8
Calcium's role in acne treatment
Identification and validation of amino acid-based mild exfoliating agents through a de novo screening method.
We explored how calcium may impact skin health, particularly in relation to acne. The study utilized an innovative screening method to identify effective exfoliating agents, focusing on amino acids like carnitine and serine. While the results highlighted these agents as effective in enhancing skin exfoliation, the study also noted the role of calcium.
However, it’s important to clarify that while calcium was mentioned, the study did not specifically isolate its effects on acne treatment. The agents tested showed effective results in improving the skin's turnover rate, hinting at potential benefits for various skin issues, including dullness and minor acne.
Ultimately, while the research signifies the promise of calcium in skincare, it stops short of stating it as a proven treatment for acne. For now, the focus remains on agents like carnitine and serine, which could support healthier skin through enhanced exfoliation.
8
Calcium effective, no added HIFU benefit
Prospective and randomized comparative study of calcium hydroxylapatite vs calcium hydroxylapatite plus HIFU in treatment of moderate-to-severe acne scars.
We explored the effectiveness of calcium hydroxylapatite as a treatment for moderate to severe atrophic acne scars. In a carefully structured study, twenty women with noticeable acne scars were treated with calcium hydroxylapatite alone and also in combination with high-intensity microfocused ultrasound (HIFU).
Our assessments showed promising results. After just one month, those who received the calcium treatment noted an improvement in their skin texture and wrinkles when compared to those who received a placebo. By three and six months, every participant in the study reported an improvement in their acne scars.
However, it's important to highlight that while the calcium treatment was indeed effective, adding HIFU did not provide any additional benefits beyond the results seen from calcium alone. This suggests that while calcium hydroxylapatite stands out as a solid option for tackling acne scars, pairing it with HIFU doesn’t necessarily enhance its effectiveness.
References
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Antonino A, Francesco A. Prospective and randomized comparative study of calcium hydroxylapatite vs calcium hydroxylapatite plus HIFU in treatment of moderate-to-severe acne scars. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021;20:53. 10.1111/jocd.13472
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Dahlan NH, Sitohang IBS, Indriatmi W, Wibowo H, Enggy LE. Correlation Between Reduced IL-1β Levels in Acne Lesions and the Decrease in Acne Inflammatory Lesions Following Topical Vitamin D Administration: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2024;17:2183. 10.2147/CCID.S475068
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Pezza M, Carlomagno V, Sammarco E, Trischitta A, Ceddia C, et al. Association of Myo-Inositol and Microlipodispersed Magnesium in Androgen-Dependent Dermatological Diseases: A Retrospective Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2025;18. 10.3390/ph18020251
de Souza Pereira R. Treatment of Resistant Acne Vulgaris in Adolescents Using Dietary Supplementation with Magnesium, Phosphate and Fatty Acids (Omega 6 and 7): Comparison with 13-Cis-Retinoic Acid. J Diet Suppl. 2023;20:706. 10.1080/19390211.2022.2100550
Li L, Hajam I, McGee JS, Tang Z, Zhang Y, et al. Comparative transcriptome analysis of acne vulgaris, rosacea, and hidradenitis suppurativa supports high-dose dietary zinc as a therapeutic agent. Exp Dermatol. 2024;33:e15145. 10.1111/exd.15145
Algarin YA, Pulumati A, Jaalouk D, Tan J, Nouri K. The role of vitamins and nutrients in rosacea. Arch Dermatol Res. 2024;316:142. 10.1007/s00403-024-02895-4
Akman TC, Yazici M, Atila A, Mertoglu C. Analysis of Isotretinoin-Induced Alterations in the Levels of Plasma Trace Elements: Investigation of the Relationship Between Magnesium, Phosphorus, Potassium, Zinc, and Treatment-Related Side Effects. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024;202:4858. 10.1007/s12011-023-04053-9
Li L, Hajam I, McGee JS, Tang Z, Zhang Y, et al. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Acne vulgaris, Rosacea, and Hidradenitis Suppurativa Supports High Dose Dietary Zinc as a Therapeutic Agent. medRxiv. 2023. 10.1101/2023.11.28.23299152
Shields A, Ly S, Wafae B, Chang YF, Manjaly P, et al. Safety and Effectiveness of Oral Nutraceuticals for Treating Acne: A Systematic Review. JAMA Dermatol. 2023;159:1373. 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.3949
Tan YY, Wong LS, Nyam KL, Wittayanarakul K, Zawawi NA, et al. Development and Evaluation of Topical Zinc Oxide Nanogels Formulation Using and Its Effect on Acne Vulgaris. Molecules. 2023;28. 10.3390/molecules28196749
Xiang Y, Lu J, Mao C, Zhu Y, Wang C, et al. Ultrasound-triggered interfacial engineering-based microneedle for bacterial infection acne treatment. Sci Adv. 2023;9:eadf0854. 10.1126/sciadv.adf0854
Towersey L, Correia P, Fajgenbaum Feiges M, Euzébio Gonçalves Junior J, Sant'Anna B, et al. Assessment of the Benefit of a Deep Cleansing Gel Containing Salicylic Acid 2%, Zinc Gluconate 0.2% and Lipohydroxy Acids 0.05% in Patients with Mild to Moderate Truncal Acne: Results from an Exploratory Study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2023;16:119. 10.2147/CCID.S394123
Salah E. Oral Zinc as a Novel Adjuvant and Sparing Therapy for Systemic Isotretinoin in Acne Vulgaris: A Preliminary Comparative Study. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2022;15:58.
Naji HH, Al-Azawi RSA, Ibrahim NJ, Kzar HH. Investigation of the Role of Zn/Cu Index and its Correlation with Physiological Activity of SOD 1 and GRx in Males with Acne Vulgaris. Arch Razi Inst. 2022;77:623. 10.22092/ARI.2021.356857.1928
Poizeau F, Plantier F, Bell H, Moyal-Barracco M. Vulvar Fordyce adenitis: A cohort of 45 women. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2021;148:221. 10.1016/j.annder.2021.04.001
Tolino E, Skroza N, Mambrin A, Proietti I, Bernardini N, et al. An Open-label Study Comparing Oral Zinc to Lymecycline in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2021;14:56.
Maillard A, Pastor D, Merat R. Anti-PD-1-Induced Hidradenitis Suppurativa. Dermatopathology (Basel). 2021;8:37. 10.3390/dermatopathology8010007
Abendrot M, Płuciennik E, Felczak A, Zawadzka K, Piątczak E, et al. Zinc(II) Complexes of Amino Acids as New Active Ingredients for Anti-Acne Dermatological Preparations. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22. 10.3390/ijms22041641
Yee BE, Richards P, Sui JY, Marsch AF. Serum zinc levels and efficacy of zinc treatment in acne vulgaris: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dermatol Ther. 2020;33:e14252. 10.1111/dth.14252