Reviewed By
Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 29 Researches
7.2
USERS' SCORE
Moderately Good
Based on 7 Reviews
7.8
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 3 Caplets
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Vitamin D (as D3 Cholecalciferol)
15 mcg (600 IU)
75%
Calcium (as Calcium Carbonate and Calcium Gluconate)
1,000 mg
77%
Magnesium (as Magnesium Oxide and Magnesium Gluconate)
400 mg
95%
Zinc (as Zinc Gluconate and Zinc Citrate)
25 mg
227%
Sodium
10 mg
<1%
Top Medical Research Studies
8
Magnesium's impact on heart health
We examined the connection between dietary magnesium and cardiovascular disease, focusing on how magnesium intake or serum levels relate to heart health. Over the last couple of decades, numerous studies have shown that low magnesium levels are associated with several heart-related issues, including high blood pressure, heart attacks, and even heart failure.
Our insights reveal that even mild or moderate magnesium deficiencies can trigger physiological and metabolic changes that may heighten cardiovascular risks. When magnesium levels are insufficient, we see a rise in inflammation, oxidative stress, and issues with how fats are processed in the body, which can lead to serious heart problems.
Furthermore, we noted that many individuals often consume less magnesium than what is recommended, particularly those who do not regularly eat whole grains, legumes, or green vegetables. This widespread lack of magnesium is concerning, as it could be a significant factor influencing heart disease in the general population.
Our insights reveal that even mild or moderate magnesium deficiencies can trigger physiological and metabolic changes that may heighten cardiovascular risks. When magnesium levels are insufficient, we see a rise in inflammation, oxidative stress, and issues with how fats are processed in the body, which can lead to serious heart problems.
Furthermore, we noted that many individuals often consume less magnesium than what is recommended, particularly those who do not regularly eat whole grains, legumes, or green vegetables. This widespread lack of magnesium is concerning, as it could be a significant factor influencing heart disease in the general population.
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9
We set out to explore how vitamin D impacts the formation of foam cells from vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which are key players in the development of atherosclerosis. Our investigation centered on whether vitamin D could suppress the creation of these foam cells and the potential involvement of a receptor called Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in this process.
Using ApoE-/- mice, we assessed the effects of vitamin D supplementation on atherosclerotic plaque formation and looked at the expression of important genes related to cholesterol transport and TLR4. The results were promising—supplemental vitamin D significantly reduced the formation of foam cells and atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta. We noticed that vitamin D not only decreased the expression of TLR4 and other foam cell markers but also encouraged the upregulation of cholesterol transport proteins that help maintain healthy cell function.
In laboratory conditions, vitamin D proved effective in reducing the uptake of oxidized LDL by VSMCs while enhancing the efflux of cholesterol. Notably, we discovered that knocking down TLR4 impaired foam cell formation, suggesting its critical role in this process.
Overall, our findings highlight that vitamin D might be a protective agent against cardiovascular disease by reducing foam cell formation through the JNK-TLR4 signaling pathway. This suggests a potential avenue for dealing with atherosclerotic disease through vitamin D treatment.
Using ApoE-/- mice, we assessed the effects of vitamin D supplementation on atherosclerotic plaque formation and looked at the expression of important genes related to cholesterol transport and TLR4. The results were promising—supplemental vitamin D significantly reduced the formation of foam cells and atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta. We noticed that vitamin D not only decreased the expression of TLR4 and other foam cell markers but also encouraged the upregulation of cholesterol transport proteins that help maintain healthy cell function.
In laboratory conditions, vitamin D proved effective in reducing the uptake of oxidized LDL by VSMCs while enhancing the efflux of cholesterol. Notably, we discovered that knocking down TLR4 impaired foam cell formation, suggesting its critical role in this process.
Overall, our findings highlight that vitamin D might be a protective agent against cardiovascular disease by reducing foam cell formation through the JNK-TLR4 signaling pathway. This suggests a potential avenue for dealing with atherosclerotic disease through vitamin D treatment.
Read More
9
We investigated how magnesium impacts cardiovascular health, particularly its role in a condition known as arteriosclerosis. This disease can lead to serious heart complications, but recent studies revealed magnesium's potential benefits.
In a series of experiments involving human cells and animal models, we discovered that magnesium effectively reduces a process called ferroptosis, which is linked to the progression of arteriosclerosis. It appears that magnesium ions play a vital role by preventing certain proteins from breaking down. This action promotes the expression of protective proteins while reducing harmful components that contribute to the disease.
Notably, our animal tests highlighted that biodegradable magnesium stents not only hinder ferroptosis but also slow down the advancement of arteriosclerosis. This suggests that magnesium-based treatments could offer a promising avenue for combating cardiovascular diseases effectively.
In a series of experiments involving human cells and animal models, we discovered that magnesium effectively reduces a process called ferroptosis, which is linked to the progression of arteriosclerosis. It appears that magnesium ions play a vital role by preventing certain proteins from breaking down. This action promotes the expression of protective proteins while reducing harmful components that contribute to the disease.
Notably, our animal tests highlighted that biodegradable magnesium stents not only hinder ferroptosis but also slow down the advancement of arteriosclerosis. This suggests that magnesium-based treatments could offer a promising avenue for combating cardiovascular diseases effectively.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
6
Strengthened bones
3 people found this helpful
Great! This complex is beneficial at a promotional price. Calcium strengthens bones, cartilage, and joints. Magnesium helps the nervous system and regulates blood pressure. Zinc aids in collagen synthesis, essential for gut health, the immune system, and the reproductive system. This complex is useful for cardiovascular disease, memory issues, and muscle pain from heavy exercise. I take one tablet after dinner. Magnesium has also improved my sleep and alleviates night leg cramps.
Read More
6
Bone mineral density
2 people found this helpful
Excellent! The quality is superb. Calcium is vital for strong bones and teeth, playing a key role in muscle control and blood circulation. Magnesium enhances bone growth and regulates blood pressure, while zinc supports protein production and wound healing. Vitamin D is crucial for calcium absorption and supports the immune system while regulating genes. It aids weight loss and is essential for a healthy pregnancy, supporting fetal immunity. This combination significantly helps with cardiovascular disease.
Read More
6
Improved cardiovascular health
1 people found this helpful
The perfect combination! This combination is ideal: zinc aids bone formation, calcium maintains bone strength, and magnesium assists absorption in bone tissue. This complex benefits the cardiovascular system, lowering blood pressure and alleviating irritability. It enhances disease resistance and improves brain function. Additionally, vitamin D significantly enhances the effectiveness of other components, ensuring their proper absorption. I highly recommend this perfect combination of vitamins for cardiovascular disease.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 29 Researches
7.2
- All Researches
9
We set out to explore how vitamin D impacts the formation of foam cells from vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which are key players in the development of atherosclerosis. Our investigation centered on whether vitamin D could suppress the creation of these foam cells and the potential involvement of a receptor called Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in this process.
Using ApoE-/- mice, we assessed the effects of vitamin D supplementation on atherosclerotic plaque formation and looked at the expression of important genes related to cholesterol transport and TLR4. The results were promising—supplemental vitamin D significantly reduced the formation of foam cells and atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta. We noticed that vitamin D not only decreased the expression of TLR4 and other foam cell markers but also encouraged the upregulation of cholesterol transport proteins that help maintain healthy cell function.
In laboratory conditions, vitamin D proved effective in reducing the uptake of oxidized LDL by VSMCs while enhancing the efflux of cholesterol. Notably, we discovered that knocking down TLR4 impaired foam cell formation, suggesting its critical role in this process.
Overall, our findings highlight that vitamin D might be a protective agent against cardiovascular disease by reducing foam cell formation through the JNK-TLR4 signaling pathway. This suggests a potential avenue for dealing with atherosclerotic disease through vitamin D treatment.
Using ApoE-/- mice, we assessed the effects of vitamin D supplementation on atherosclerotic plaque formation and looked at the expression of important genes related to cholesterol transport and TLR4. The results were promising—supplemental vitamin D significantly reduced the formation of foam cells and atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta. We noticed that vitamin D not only decreased the expression of TLR4 and other foam cell markers but also encouraged the upregulation of cholesterol transport proteins that help maintain healthy cell function.
In laboratory conditions, vitamin D proved effective in reducing the uptake of oxidized LDL by VSMCs while enhancing the efflux of cholesterol. Notably, we discovered that knocking down TLR4 impaired foam cell formation, suggesting its critical role in this process.
Overall, our findings highlight that vitamin D might be a protective agent against cardiovascular disease by reducing foam cell formation through the JNK-TLR4 signaling pathway. This suggests a potential avenue for dealing with atherosclerotic disease through vitamin D treatment.
Read More
9
We investigated how magnesium impacts cardiovascular health, particularly its role in a condition known as arteriosclerosis. This disease can lead to serious heart complications, but recent studies revealed magnesium's potential benefits.
In a series of experiments involving human cells and animal models, we discovered that magnesium effectively reduces a process called ferroptosis, which is linked to the progression of arteriosclerosis. It appears that magnesium ions play a vital role by preventing certain proteins from breaking down. This action promotes the expression of protective proteins while reducing harmful components that contribute to the disease.
Notably, our animal tests highlighted that biodegradable magnesium stents not only hinder ferroptosis but also slow down the advancement of arteriosclerosis. This suggests that magnesium-based treatments could offer a promising avenue for combating cardiovascular diseases effectively.
In a series of experiments involving human cells and animal models, we discovered that magnesium effectively reduces a process called ferroptosis, which is linked to the progression of arteriosclerosis. It appears that magnesium ions play a vital role by preventing certain proteins from breaking down. This action promotes the expression of protective proteins while reducing harmful components that contribute to the disease.
Notably, our animal tests highlighted that biodegradable magnesium stents not only hinder ferroptosis but also slow down the advancement of arteriosclerosis. This suggests that magnesium-based treatments could offer a promising avenue for combating cardiovascular diseases effectively.
Read More
9
We focused our research on how zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) might help reduce heart damage caused by cisplatin, a well-known chemotherapy drug. In this study, we used rats divided into different groups, some receiving varying doses of ZnONPs and others serving as control groups.
Our findings indicated that as the dosage of ZnONPs increased up to 50 mg/kg, there was a marked improvement in cardiovascular markers. We observed reduced levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell damage in the heart tissues of those treated with ZnONPs. More specifically, measures related to heart tissue health and serum biomarkers showed that rats receiving higher doses exhibited recovery similar to that of healthy rats.
Overall, we concluded that ZnONPs serve as a protective agent against cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity, showcasing their potential in improving heart health during cancer treatment.
Our findings indicated that as the dosage of ZnONPs increased up to 50 mg/kg, there was a marked improvement in cardiovascular markers. We observed reduced levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell damage in the heart tissues of those treated with ZnONPs. More specifically, measures related to heart tissue health and serum biomarkers showed that rats receiving higher doses exhibited recovery similar to that of healthy rats.
Overall, we concluded that ZnONPs serve as a protective agent against cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity, showcasing their potential in improving heart health during cancer treatment.
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9
We set out to investigate how zinc might help protect heart cells from damage caused by a lack of blood flow, known as myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). Using H9C2 cells, which are derived from rat heart tissue, we simulated this injury by depriving these cells of oxygen and then reintroducing it while treating them with zinc.
Through this process, we found that zinc treatment significantly increased cell viability compared to those that did not receive zinc. Cells exposed to ischemia showed typical signs of trauma, like heightened levels of apoptosis—or programmed cell death—and calcium overload, which can further damage cells.
Interestingly, zinc seemed to tackle these issues by lowering the levels of certain proteins related to cell death. It also played a role in regulating calcium levels by interacting with various cellular pathways. In fact, when we silenced specific proteins involved in these pathways, the protective benefits of zinc were even more pronounced.
Our findings suggest that zinc can relieve the harmful effects of ischemia by mitigating cell death and regulating calcium overload, which offers hope for future treatments for heart-related conditions impacted by blood flow interruptions.
Through this process, we found that zinc treatment significantly increased cell viability compared to those that did not receive zinc. Cells exposed to ischemia showed typical signs of trauma, like heightened levels of apoptosis—or programmed cell death—and calcium overload, which can further damage cells.
Interestingly, zinc seemed to tackle these issues by lowering the levels of certain proteins related to cell death. It also played a role in regulating calcium levels by interacting with various cellular pathways. In fact, when we silenced specific proteins involved in these pathways, the protective benefits of zinc were even more pronounced.
Our findings suggest that zinc can relieve the harmful effects of ischemia by mitigating cell death and regulating calcium overload, which offers hope for future treatments for heart-related conditions impacted by blood flow interruptions.
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8
Our study delved into the potential benefits of vitamin D3 in improving cardiovascular health, particularly among hypertensive patients suffering from obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We designed a randomized clinical trial where participants received either dapagliflozin (an SGLT-2 inhibitor), vitamin D3, a combination of both, or no treatment over a period of 16 weeks.
We evaluated various health parameters including weight, blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and heart function, and analyzed their impact on participants' quality of life. Interestingly, our results indicated that when vitamin D3 was combined with SGLT2 inhibitors, there were notable improvements in several cardio-metabolic outcomes and quality of life measures.
This finding suggests that the dual approach could be a promising strategy in managing cardiovascular risks associated with obesity and OSA. Though our study does not isolate the effects of vitamin D3 alone on cardiovascular disease, it highlights its potential role when paired with other treatments, offering a glimmer of hope for patients dealing with these health challenges.
We evaluated various health parameters including weight, blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and heart function, and analyzed their impact on participants' quality of life. Interestingly, our results indicated that when vitamin D3 was combined with SGLT2 inhibitors, there were notable improvements in several cardio-metabolic outcomes and quality of life measures.
This finding suggests that the dual approach could be a promising strategy in managing cardiovascular risks associated with obesity and OSA. Though our study does not isolate the effects of vitamin D3 alone on cardiovascular disease, it highlights its potential role when paired with other treatments, offering a glimmer of hope for patients dealing with these health challenges.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Moderately Good
Based on 7 Reviews
7.8
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
6
Strengthened bones
3 people found this helpful
Great! This complex is beneficial at a promotional price. Calcium strengthens bones, cartilage, and joints. Magnesium helps the nervous system and regulates blood pressure. Zinc aids in collagen synthesis, essential for gut health, the immune system, and the reproductive system. This complex is useful for cardiovascular disease, memory issues, and muscle pain from heavy exercise. I take one tablet after dinner. Magnesium has also improved my sleep and alleviates night leg cramps.
Read More
6
Bone mineral density
2 people found this helpful
Excellent! The quality is superb. Calcium is vital for strong bones and teeth, playing a key role in muscle control and blood circulation. Magnesium enhances bone growth and regulates blood pressure, while zinc supports protein production and wound healing. Vitamin D is crucial for calcium absorption and supports the immune system while regulating genes. It aids weight loss and is essential for a healthy pregnancy, supporting fetal immunity. This combination significantly helps with cardiovascular disease.
Read More
6
Improved cardiovascular health
1 people found this helpful
The perfect combination! This combination is ideal: zinc aids bone formation, calcium maintains bone strength, and magnesium assists absorption in bone tissue. This complex benefits the cardiovascular system, lowering blood pressure and alleviating irritability. It enhances disease resistance and improves brain function. Additionally, vitamin D significantly enhances the effectiveness of other components, ensuring their proper absorption. I highly recommend this perfect combination of vitamins for cardiovascular disease.
Read More
9
Bone tissue support
Nature's Bounty, Calcium Magnesium Zinc with Vitamin D3 is great for lowering osteoporosis risk and strengthening bones. Calcium and vitamin D3 work together effectively for bone health. Magnesium actively participates in bone growth, and zinc stimulates bone tissue formation. Additionally, both minerals offer numerous benefits for the immune, nervous, and cardiovascular systems. I find this complex invaluable for maintaining my bone and heart health.
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6
Enhanced immunity
I bought this combination of vitamins during cold season. After two weeks, my health seemed clearer without the constant snack cravings. However, we only take one capsule as the recommended three is excessive for maintaining immunity. I find taking them in the evening helps, as they induce sleepiness for 4-5 hours. Thus, I suggest proper timing when using this for cardiovascular disease.
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Frequently Asked Questions
6
Enhanced immunity
I bought this combination of vitamins during cold season. After two weeks, my health seemed clearer without the constant snack cravings. However, we only take one capsule as the recommended three is excessive for maintaining immunity. I find taking them in the evening helps, as they induce sleepiness for 4-5 hours. Thus, I suggest proper timing when using this for cardiovascular disease.
6
Improved cardiovascular health
1 people found this helpful
The perfect combination! This combination is ideal: zinc aids bone formation, calcium maintains bone strength, and magnesium assists absorption in bone tissue. This complex benefits the cardiovascular system, lowering blood pressure and alleviating irritability. It enhances disease resistance and improves brain function. Additionally, vitamin D significantly enhances the effectiveness of other components, ensuring their proper absorption. I highly recommend this perfect combination of vitamins for cardiovascular disease.
7.5
Effective for sleep
A good complex at a promotional price. Calcium strengthens bones, cartilage, and joints while magnesium aids the nervous system and regulates blood pressure. Zinc is vital for collagen synthesis, gut health, reproductive health, and strengthening the immune system. This complex is beneficial for cardiovascular disease, attention disorders, and muscle pain for athletes. I take one tablet after dinner; magnesium helps me sleep better and alleviates night leg cramps.
9
Bone tissue support
Nature's Bounty, Calcium Magnesium Zinc with Vitamin D3 is great for lowering osteoporosis risk and strengthening bones. Calcium and vitamin D3 work together effectively for bone health. Magnesium actively participates in bone growth, and zinc stimulates bone tissue formation. Additionally, both minerals offer numerous benefits for the immune, nervous, and cardiovascular systems. I find this complex invaluable for maintaining my bone and heart health.
6
Strengthened bones
3 people found this helpful
Great! This complex is beneficial at a promotional price. Calcium strengthens bones, cartilage, and joints. Magnesium helps the nervous system and regulates blood pressure. Zinc aids in collagen synthesis, essential for gut health, the immune system, and the reproductive system. This complex is useful for cardiovascular disease, memory issues, and muscle pain from heavy exercise. I take one tablet after dinner. Magnesium has also improved my sleep and alleviates night leg cramps.
7
Calcium's limited impact on hypertension
We sought to understand how calcium affects hypertension and cardiovascular disease risk. Through a thorough review of existing literature, we evaluated data from a significant number of studies, focusing on the effects of calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D supplements on blood pressure levels and pulse rates.
Our analysis revealed that while calcium supplementation was linked to a noteworthy drop in diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number in blood pressure readings), it did not show a significant impact on systolic blood pressure (the top number) or pulse rate. This indicates that calcium could play a role in managing the lower blood pressure readings but may not be entirely effective on its own regarding overall blood pressure control.
Additionally, we identified that magnesium also contributed positively by reducing diastolic blood pressure, whereas vitamin D exhibited a broader beneficial effect by lowering both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Despite these encouraging results for magnesium and vitamin D, calcium’s isolated effectiveness in addressing hypertension remains limited.
Overall, while calcium may help with certain aspects of blood pressure management, its role in controlling hypertension is not as clear-cut as we might hope.
Our analysis revealed that while calcium supplementation was linked to a noteworthy drop in diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number in blood pressure readings), it did not show a significant impact on systolic blood pressure (the top number) or pulse rate. This indicates that calcium could play a role in managing the lower blood pressure readings but may not be entirely effective on its own regarding overall blood pressure control.
Additionally, we identified that magnesium also contributed positively by reducing diastolic blood pressure, whereas vitamin D exhibited a broader beneficial effect by lowering both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Despite these encouraging results for magnesium and vitamin D, calcium’s isolated effectiveness in addressing hypertension remains limited.
Overall, while calcium may help with certain aspects of blood pressure management, its role in controlling hypertension is not as clear-cut as we might hope.
7
We examined how vitamin D levels, specifically 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], relate to the risk of cardiovascular disease and overall mortality in patients with gout. This study included data from 7,337 gout patients enrolled in the UK Biobank, following them for an average of 11.4 years. We looked closely at serum 25(OH)D measurements taken at the beginning of the study to draw connections between vitamin D levels and health outcomes.
Our findings suggested an interesting pattern. Patients with low 25(OH)D levels, specifically those below 45 nmol/L, had a higher risk of death from any cause compared to those with higher levels. In fact, those with levels of 45 nmol/L or more had about a 28% lower risk of dying from any cause. We also noted that increasing vitamin D levels above the deficiency threshold might help lower the risk of cardiovascular disease, with evidence suggesting that reaching at least 50 nmol/L is beneficial.
These results highlight the importance of maintaining adequate vitamin D levels for gout patients, as it appears to be linked to reduced mortality risk, particularly related to cardiovascular issues. This study adds to the growing conversation about vitamin D's role in heart health and suggest we may need to consider vitamin D supplementation in patient care strategies.
Our findings suggested an interesting pattern. Patients with low 25(OH)D levels, specifically those below 45 nmol/L, had a higher risk of death from any cause compared to those with higher levels. In fact, those with levels of 45 nmol/L or more had about a 28% lower risk of dying from any cause. We also noted that increasing vitamin D levels above the deficiency threshold might help lower the risk of cardiovascular disease, with evidence suggesting that reaching at least 50 nmol/L is beneficial.
These results highlight the importance of maintaining adequate vitamin D levels for gout patients, as it appears to be linked to reduced mortality risk, particularly related to cardiovascular issues. This study adds to the growing conversation about vitamin D's role in heart health and suggest we may need to consider vitamin D supplementation in patient care strategies.
8
Vitamin D's role in heart health
We explored the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease, as well as all-cause and cancer mortality. Using data from over 11,500 adults aged 40 and older, we wanted to understand whether having higher amounts of this nutrient in our blood could lead to better health outcomes.
Our investigation focused on seeing if the connections between vitamin D and mortality were influenced by inflammation in the body. What we found was intriguing: higher serum levels of vitamin D were linked to lower risks of dying from heart disease and other causes, suggesting that maintaining sufficient vitamin D could be beneficial for heart health.
Additionally, we observed that these benefits might be partly due to reduced inflammation, as measured by biomarkers like C-reactive protein and white blood cell counts. This points to a promising area of research where vitamin D not only plays a role in overall health but could also reduce inflammation, which is a key player in cardiovascular conditions.
Our investigation focused on seeing if the connections between vitamin D and mortality were influenced by inflammation in the body. What we found was intriguing: higher serum levels of vitamin D were linked to lower risks of dying from heart disease and other causes, suggesting that maintaining sufficient vitamin D could be beneficial for heart health.
Additionally, we observed that these benefits might be partly due to reduced inflammation, as measured by biomarkers like C-reactive protein and white blood cell counts. This points to a promising area of research where vitamin D not only plays a role in overall health but could also reduce inflammation, which is a key player in cardiovascular conditions.
References
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- Vanreusel I, Hens W, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Paelinck BP, Segers VFM, et al. Vitamin D levels correlate with exercise capacity in adults with CHD. Cardiol Young. 2025. 10.1017/S1047951125000526
- Fang X, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Ye D. Association between Vitamin D and mortality risk in gout patients. J Public Health (Oxf). 2025. 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf010
- Loh HH, Tay SP, Koa AJ, Yong MC, Said A, et al. Unveiling the benefits of Vitamin D3 with SGLT-2 inhibitors for hypertensive obese obstructive sleep apnea patients. J Transl Med. 2025;23:296. 10.1186/s12967-025-06312-w
- Checa-Ros A, Locascio A, Okojie OJ, Abellán-Galiana P, D'Marco L. Perirenal fat differs in patients with chronic kidney disease receiving different vitamin D-based treatments: a preliminary study. BMC Nephrol. 2025;26:119. 10.1186/s12882-025-04041-2
- Liu C, Wongsonegoro H, Sheng T, Fan H, Zhang J. Associations between serum micronutrients and all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality in a national representative population: Mediated by inflammatory biomarkers. Redox Biol. 2025;81:103573. 10.1016/j.redox.2025.103573
- Zhang N, Wang Y, Li W, Wang Y, Zhang H, et al. Association between serum vitamin D level and cardiovascular disease in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2025;15:6454. 10.1038/s41598-025-90785-8
- Zhang X, Liu J, Han L, Luo G, Jiang P, et al. Vitamin D reduces VSMC foam cell formation and protects against AS progression. J Endocrinol. 2025;265. 10.1530/JOE-24-0056
- Haghighatafshar M, Shekasteband B, Firuzyar T, Etemadi Z, Farhoudi F, et al. The Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Coronary Artery Disease Severity Based on Myocardial Perfusion Imaging: A Cross-Sectional Study. Iran J Med Sci. 2025;50:31. 10.30476/ijms.2024.101112.3372
- Bulfone L, Vacca A, Brosolo G, Da Porto A, Bertin N, et al. Subclinical Carotid Disease Is Associated with Low Serum Vitamin D in Nondiabetic Middle-Aged Hypertensive Patients. Nutrients. 2025;17. 10.3390/nu17030480
- Li Q, Tong Y, Guo J, Liang X, Shao H, et al. Vitamin D Receptor Regulates Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis Via the HIF-1α/HO-1 Pathway in Cardiomyocytes. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2025. 10.1007/s12013-025-01681-x
- Yu H, Zhou C, Yang S, Yu J, Zhang X, et al. Mitigation of arteriosclerosis through transcriptional regulation of ferroptosis and lipid metabolism by magnesium. Biomaterials. 2025;319:123135. 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123135
- Moyano-Peregrin C, Rodelo-Haad C, Martín-Malo A, Muñoz-Castañeda JR, Ojeda R, et al. Upper normal serum magnesium is associated with a reduction in incident death from fatal heart failure, coronary heart disease and stroke in non-dialysis patients with CKD stages 4 and 5. Clin Kidney J. 2025;18:sfae390. 10.1093/ckj/sfae390
- Wang F, Mao Y, Sun J, Yang J, Xiao L, et al. Models based on dietary nutrients predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in people with diabetes. Sci Rep. 2025;15:4600. 10.1038/s41598-025-88480-9
- Dong H, Lu N, Wang J, Hu P. Serum magnesium, not calcium, is inversely associated with abnormal HbA1c concentrations in adults with coronary artery disease. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2025;34:104. 10.6133/apjcn.202502_34(1).0010
- Song L, Ying J, Li M, Ying L, Zhao C. Propensity score matched cohort study on magnesium supplementation and mortality in critically ill patients with HFpEF. Sci Rep. 2025;15:1944. 10.1038/s41598-025-85931-1
- Nielsen FH. The Role of Dietary Magnesium in Cardiovascular Disease. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16234223
- Sun L, Du J. Magnesium status, serum vitamin D concentration and mortality among congestive heart failure patients: a cohort study from NHANES 2007-2018. Magnes Res. 2024;37:61. 10.1684/mrh.2024.0528
- Urbanowicz T, Hanć A, Frąckowiak J, Piecek J, Spasenenko I, et al. The Hypothesis of Trace Elements Involvement in the Coronary Arteries Atherosclerotic Plaques' Location. J Clin Med. 2024;13. 10.3390/jcm13226933
- Cheng Y, Zullo AR, Yin Y, Shao Y, Liu S, et al. Nonprescription Magnesium Supplement Use and Risk of Heart Failure in Patients With Diabetes: A Target Trial Emulation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14:e038870. 10.1161/JAHA.124.038870
- Shahsavani Z, Masoumi SJ, Barati-Boldaji R, Shamshirgardi E, Kafipour R, et al. Dietary Calcium to Magnesium Ratio and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2025. 10.1007/s12011-025-04587-0
- Pariona-Vargas F, Mun KT, Lo EH, Starkman S, Sanossian N, et al. Is there diurnal variation in neuroprotective and thrombolytic therapy effect upon acute cerebral ischemia outcome?. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2025;34:108278. 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2025.108278
- Lyu X, Chen L, Wang W. Dietary zinc intake and 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in diabetes mellitus patients: evidence from NHANES database. Thromb J. 2025;23:18. 10.1186/s12959-025-00693-0
- Ma YT, Laga T, Zhong CN, Zhuang BQ, Quan HL, et al. ANP Increases Zn Accumulation During Reperfusion in Ex Vivo and In Vivo Hearts. Curr Med Sci. 2025;45:35. 10.1007/s11596-025-00019-1
- Al-Lbban AM. Role of zinc oxide nanoparticles supplementation on alleviate side effects of cisplatin induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Braz J Biol. 2025;84:e287764. 10.1590/1519-6984.287764
- Soskic S, Gluvic Z, Obradovic M, Ilincic B, Cabarkapa V, et al. A pilot study on the relationship between zinc deficiency and anthropometric and metabolic parameters in obese adults in Serbia. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2025;85:51. 10.1080/00365513.2025.2460034
- Zhang H, Zhou W, Wang X, Men H, Wang J, et al. Exacerbation by knocking-out metallothionein gene of obesity-induced cardiac remodeling is associated with the activation of CARD9 signaling. Int J Biol Sci. 2025;21:1032. 10.7150/ijbs.105513
- Guo J, Ma T, Wang B, Xing B, Huang L, et al. Zn protects H9C2 cardiomyocytes by alleviating MAMs-associated apoptosis and calcium signaling dysregulation. Cell Signal. 2025;127:111629. 10.1016/j.cellsig.2025.111629
- Azadi NA, Nakhaee S, Hassan NE, Mansouri B, Ariyaee M. Role of toxic and essential elements in sleep duration of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Sci Rep. 2025;15:2392. 10.1038/s41598-025-86873-4
