Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and tenderness in localized areas. Individuals with fibromyalgia often experience a variety of symptoms, including sleep disturbances, cognitive difficulties (often referred to as "fibro fog"), and heightened sensitivity to pain. This condition affects the way the brain processes pain signals, leading to an increased perception of pain from stimuli that would normally be considered mild. Though the exact cause of fibromyalgia is still not fully understood, it may be linked to genetics, infections, physical or emotional trauma, and changes in how the brain and nervous system process pain signals.
Diagnosis of fibromyalgia typically relies on the presence of specific symptoms and the exclusion of other conditions that may cause similar symptoms. There is no definitive laboratory test for the condition, which can make it challenging to diagnose. Treatment often involves a combination of medication, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, and stress management techniques. Patients may benefit from medications aimed at reducing pain and improving sleep, alongside engaging in regular physical activity and practicing mindfulness techniques. While fibromyalgia is a lifelong condition, effective management can significantly improve quality of life for those affected.