Dietary Magnesium Intake in Relation to Depression in Adults: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Epidemiologic Studies.
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring how dietary magnesium (Mg) intake connects with depression among adults. By reviewing data from over 63,000 individuals, we found that those with the highest magnesium intake had a 34% lower chance of experiencing depression compared to those with the lowest intake.
Furthermore, our analysis indicated that every increase of 100 mg per day in magnesium intake was linked to a 7% reduced risk of depression. These findings suggest that increasing dietary magnesium could play a valuable role in lowering depression risk.
Read More
8
Magnesium levels linked to depression
Associations between magnesium depletion score and depression among individuals aged 20 to 60 years.
This study examined how magnesium deficiency relates to depression in adults aged 20 to 60. By using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2005 to 2018, we analyzed the magnesium depletion score (MDS) while assessing depression through the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
Our findings reveal a positive association: as the MDS increases, so does the likelihood of depression. Each one-unit rise in MDS raises the odds of depression. However, results varied with different MDS levels. While these results are promising, further research is necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms better.
Read More
8
Magnesium lowers depressive symptoms
Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels Modify the Effect of Magnesium on Depressive Symptoms: A Population-Based Study.
We examined the role of magnesium levels in relation to depressive symptoms through a comprehensive analysis of data from Taiwan's Nutrition and Health Survey. Involving 2,196 participants, we employed logistic and linear regression methods to assess these relationships.
Our findings revealed that higher magnesium levels correlated with fewer depressive symptoms. Interestingly, this connection was stronger in individuals with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, suggesting that inflammation influences how magnesium affects mood.
Overall, maintaining adequate magnesium levels might be beneficial, especially for those dealing with inflammation.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Calmness achieved
12 people found this helpful
Calm improved! I began to feel much calmer, with no signs of depression. My husband is surprised by my reduced yelling. I highly recommend it.
Read More
9
Reduced mood swings
8 people found this helpful
I have noticed that these vitamins really calm my nervous system. Since taking them alongside B vitamins, my mood swings and depression have improved, and I feel better overall. Highly recommend for women over 40!
Read More
8.5
Stress management
4 people found this helpful
I've taken magnesium for a long time, and it helps me relax and reduces my anxiety and depression. However, it contains magnesium oxide, which may not suit everyone.
Combined oral supplementation with magnesium plus vitamin D alleviates mild to moderate depressive symptoms related to long-COVID: an open-label randomized, controlled clinical trial.
We explored the effectiveness of magnesium coupled with vitamin D in easing depressive symptoms among individuals with long-COVID. Our study involved 60 participants suffering from mild to moderate depression, hypomagnesemia, and vitamin D deficiency.
Over four months, those who received both magnesium and vitamin D showed significant improvements in their depression scores compared to those who only took vitamin D. Specifically, a notable 73% of the magnesium group achieved significant relief, positioning this combination as a promising treatment for depression linked to long-COVID.
Mild side effects were noted but did not lead to any withdrawals, indicating the safety of this treatment option.
Read More
9
Magnesium intake reduces depression risk
Dietary Magnesium Intake in Relation to Depression in Adults: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Epidemiologic Studies.
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring how dietary magnesium (Mg) intake connects with depression among adults. By reviewing data from over 63,000 individuals, we found that those with the highest magnesium intake had a 34% lower chance of experiencing depression compared to those with the lowest intake.
Furthermore, our analysis indicated that every increase of 100 mg per day in magnesium intake was linked to a 7% reduced risk of depression. These findings suggest that increasing dietary magnesium could play a valuable role in lowering depression risk.
Read More
8
Magnesium linked to lower depression risk
Association between nutrient patterns and odds of depressive symptomatology: a population-based cohort of older adults followed during 15-y.
We examined how various nutrient patterns affect depressive symptoms in older adults through a detailed study involving over 1,000 participants.
By evaluating nutrient intake and depressive symptoms over more than 15 years, we found that those with a diet high in magnesium and several other nutrients had significantly lower odds of experiencing depressive symptoms.
This suggests that nutrients, particularly magnesium, might play a crucial role in supporting mental health in older adults.
Read More
8
Magnesium deficiency correlates with depression
Magnesium depletion score and depression: a positive correlation among US adults.
This study examined the relationship between magnesium deficiency, measured by the Magnesium Depletion Score (MDS), and depression among U.S. adults. We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, focusing on those with moderate to severe depression.
Our findings revealed a significant link—higher MDS scores led to an increased risk of depression. Specifically, for each unit rise in MDS, the chance of developing depression increased by 13%. Interestingly, those with severe magnesium deficiency saw a staggering 58% rise in depression likelihood. This suggests that improving magnesium levels could be beneficial for both preventing and treating depression.
Read More
8
Magnesium levels linked to depression
Associations between magnesium depletion score and depression among individuals aged 20 to 60 years.
This study examined how magnesium deficiency relates to depression in adults aged 20 to 60. By using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2005 to 2018, we analyzed the magnesium depletion score (MDS) while assessing depression through the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
Our findings reveal a positive association: as the MDS increases, so does the likelihood of depression. Each one-unit rise in MDS raises the odds of depression. However, results varied with different MDS levels. While these results are promising, further research is necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms better.
Calm improved! I began to feel much calmer, with no signs of depression. My husband is surprised by my reduced yelling. I highly recommend it.
Read More
9
Reduced mood swings
8 people found this helpful
I have noticed that these vitamins really calm my nervous system. Since taking them alongside B vitamins, my mood swings and depression have improved, and I feel better overall. Highly recommend for women over 40!
Read More
8.5
Stress management
4 people found this helpful
I've taken magnesium for a long time, and it helps me relax and reduces my anxiety and depression. However, it contains magnesium oxide, which may not suit everyone.
Read More
8
Sleep and mood enhancement
These supplements are affordable and provide both calcium and magnesium, which help with sleep and depression. I take them in the evening and find them effective.
Read More
7.5
Fatigue relief
9 people found this helpful
Although I initially thought two tablets were needed, one sufficed for relieving fatigue and improving anxiety and depression across my family. One member experienced mild gastrointestinal issues.
Depression is a common and serious mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities that were once enjoyable. It can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, or background, and it goes beyond just feeling down; it can interfere significantly with daily life, impacting relationships, work performance, and overall well-being. Symptoms of depression may include changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbances, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of worthlessness or suicide.
The causes of depression are complex and may involve a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. While it's a serious condition that can be debilitating, the good news is that it is treatable. Various treatment options are available, including therapy, medication, lifestyle changes, and support groups. If you or someone you know is struggling with depression, seeking help from a healthcare professional is a crucial step toward recovery.
Calcium magnesium refers to a dietary supplement that combines two essential minerals, calcium and magnesium, which play critical roles in maintaining various bodily functions. Calcium is vital for building and maintaining strong bones and teeth, while magnesium supports muscle function, energy production, and the regulation of calcium levels in the body. Together, these minerals work synergistically to promote overall health, particularly in areas such as bone density, cardiovascular health, and muscle function.
Supplements that contain both calcium and magnesium can be particularly beneficial for individuals who may be deficient in these minerals due to dietary restrictions or health conditions. They are available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and powders. When considering a calcium magnesium supplement, it's essential to choose a product with the right ratio of these minerals, as well as other supporting vitamins and minerals like vitamin D, which enhances calcium absorption. Always consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen to ensure it aligns with your health needs and goals.
While there is ongoing research into the relationship between minerals and mental health, the evidence supporting the use of calcium and magnesium specifically for alleviating depression is still inconclusive. Some studies suggest that magnesium may play a role in mood regulation and that deficiencies in this mineral could potentially contribute to symptoms of depression and anxiety. Similarly, calcium is vital for various physiological functions, but its direct impact on mood is less clear.
That said, it's essential to approach this topic carefully. Nutritional supplements should not be the first line of treatment for depression. If you're considering taking calcium or magnesium supplements for mood-related issues, it's best to consult with a healthcare professional. They can provide personalized recommendations based on your specific health needs and can help determine if there's a deficiency that needs to be addressed. In the grand scheme of mental health, a balanced diet combined with exercise, therapy, and possibly medication remains the cornerstone of effective treatment.
The timeline for seeing results from magnesium and calcium supplements for depression varies significantly among users, based on their individual experiences. Some individuals have reported improvements in anxiety and overall mood within a couple of weeks of starting the supplements. For instance, one user noted that they felt calmer and saw a reduction in signs of depression, suggesting positive changes shortly after beginning their regimen Read Review. Conversely, others have shared that it took much longer to experience noticeable effects. One user mentioned they did not observe improvements until a year of consistent use, which contributed to better stress management and potentially alleviated their depressive symptoms Read Review.
It is also important to note that not all experiences are positive; some individuals reported adverse reactions that worsened their mood, emphasizing that the response to these supplements can differ greatly. For example, another user experienced a significant depressive episode after two weeks of use but felt better after discontinuing the supplement Read Review. Therefore, while many users may see benefits relatively quickly, others may need to allow more time or reconsider their approach entirely.
Research supports the potential benefits of magnesium in addressing depression, particularly in specific populations and through various mechanisms. Several studies have demonstrated that lower magnesium levels are associated with a higher likelihood of experiencing depressive symptoms. For example, a meta-analysis involving over 63,000 adults revealed that individuals with the highest magnesium intake had a 34% lower chance of depression compared to those with the lowest intake [9]. Another study indicated that each rise in magnesium deficiency score correlated with an increased risk of depression, especially in those with severe deficiency [5]. Furthermore, magnesium supplementation has shown promise in alleviating depressive symptoms in particular groups, such as individuals with long-COVID and postpartum women [4][17].
While these findings highlight the potential of magnesium as a complementary approach to depression treatment, they also reflect the necessity for further research to fully assert its effectiveness. Certain studies indicate mixed results, urging caution in assuming that magnesium alone can be a definitive treatment for depression [6]. Nonetheless, the body of evidence suggests that maintaining adequate magnesium levels may offer a supportive role in mental health, emphasizing its importance as part of a comprehensive approach to treating depression.
Based on user reviews, many individuals report noticeable improvements in their symptoms related to anxiety and depression after using magnesium and calcium supplements. For instance, one user expressed feeling much calmer and noted a significant reduction in signs of depression after starting the supplements, even receiving positive feedback from their spouse regarding their behavior Read Review. Another reviewer highlighted the calming effects on their nervous system, leading to fewer mood swings and an overall uplift in their emotional state Read Review. Additionally, users have shared that taking these supplements before bedtime improved their overall wellbeing, reducing anxiety and irritability Read Review.
However, it's important to note that experiences can vary significantly among individuals. While some users experienced substantial relief with visible improvements in mood and anxiety, others reported less favorable outcomes. For instance, one individual experienced a significant depressive episode after two weeks of use, which resolved after discontinuing the supplement Read Review. Furthermore, another user pointed out that despite a slight improvement, they still felt hints of depression even after a month of consistent use Read Review. Such varied responses underline the necessity for users to tailor their supplement strategies to their personal experiences and health conditions.
Based on user reviews, combining magnesium and calcium with other supplements, particularly B vitamins, appears to enhance their effectiveness in managing symptoms of depression and anxiety. One user reported that taking magnesium alongside B vitamins significantly reduced their mood swings and improved overall wellbeing, which they attribute to the synergistic effects of these vitamins Read Review. Another reviewer shared their experience of taking these supplements in the evening, stating that they help with both sleep and depression Read Review.
However, not all users reported positive outcomes when combining these supplements. Some individuals experienced adverse effects; for instance, one user noted feeling significantly more depressed after starting the supplement, eventually finding relief after discontinuation Read Review. Another user indicated that despite improvement in mood after a month of use, they still experienced lingering signs of depression Read Review. This suggests that while many find benefit in combining magnesium and calcium with other supplements, reactions can be highly individual, warranting caution and personal experimentation.
Users have varied experiences regarding the appropriate dose of Calcium Magnesium for alleviating symptoms of depression. Several reviewers reported positive effects from lower doses; for instance, one user noted that just one tablet was sufficient for their family to relieve fatigue and enhance mood, while another claimed that taking them in the evening had a beneficial impact on sleep and depression Read ReviewRead Review. Conversely, there were reports of adverse effects, with one user becoming significantly depressed after using a higher dose of two tablets, suggesting a cautious approach Read Review.
Moreover, the form of minerals and their ratio appears to be essential. One reviewer emphasized that the correct calcium to magnesium ratio is important, as deficiencies may contribute to depression Read Review. A consistent theme among users is the recommendation of possibly using these supplements occasionally or monitoring individual responses closely, as reactions can greatly vary Read Review.
9
Calmness achieved
12 people found this helpful
Calm improved! I began to feel much calmer, with no signs of depression. My husband is surprised by my reduced yelling. I highly recommend it.
6
Long-term benefits
8 people found this helpful
I've been taking Calcium Magnesium regularly. While I didn't notice effects initially, after a year, I experienced fewer colds and improved my stress and anxiety levels, which may help with depression.
0
Induces depression
2 people found this helpful
Wonderful! After two weeks of taking it, I noticed I became very depressed, feeling as though life was bad. I was taking two after dinner as prescribed. When I stopped taking it, my mood significantly improved. I suggest using it occasionally rather than continuously, to avoid experiencing depression.
9
Reduced mood swings
8 people found this helpful
I have noticed that these vitamins really calm my nervous system. Since taking them alongside B vitamins, my mood swings and depression have improved, and I feel better overall. Highly recommend for women over 40!
9
Eases anxiety
3 people found this helpful
Taking calcium with magnesium improved my overall wellbeing. It reduced my anxiety, irritability, and depression. I recommend taking it before bedtime for better absorption.
3
Minimal effect noted
1 people found this helpful
I’ve been taking these supplements for a month, but I still feel a hint of depression. My overall mood is slightly improved though.
8
Sleep and mood enhancement
These supplements are affordable and provide both calcium and magnesium, which help with sleep and depression. I take them in the evening and find them effective.
7.5
Fatigue relief
9 people found this helpful
Although I initially thought two tablets were needed, one sufficed for relieving fatigue and improving anxiety and depression across my family. One member experienced mild gastrointestinal issues.
6
Combats depression
Everything is fine, but the mineral's form matters! Calcium is vital for strong teeth and bones; its deficiency can affect skin, hair, nails, and eyes. Magnesium deficiency, often linked to poor diet and alcohol abuse, can cause mental and physical issues, including depression. The correct calcium to magnesium ratio is 2:1. Together, they support muscle function and heart health.
0
Worsens depression
10 people found this helpful
Awful! This brand caused terrible depression for me. Initially, I didn’t realise, but my husband noticed it too. After stopping, everything returned to normal, but trying it again led to the same issue.
9
Magnesium intake reduces depression risk
Dietary Magnesium Intake in Relation to Depression in Adults: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Epidemiologic Studies.
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring how dietary magnesium (Mg) intake connects with depression among adults. By reviewing data from over 63,000 individuals, we found that those with the highest magnesium intake had a 34% lower chance of experiencing depression compared to those with the lowest intake.
Furthermore, our analysis indicated that every increase of 100 mg per day in magnesium intake was linked to a 7% reduced risk of depression. These findings suggest that increasing dietary magnesium could play a valuable role in lowering depression risk.
8
Magnesium deficiency correlates with depression
Magnesium depletion score and depression: a positive correlation among US adults.
This study examined the relationship between magnesium deficiency, measured by the Magnesium Depletion Score (MDS), and depression among U.S. adults. We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, focusing on those with moderate to severe depression.
Our findings revealed a significant link—higher MDS scores led to an increased risk of depression. Specifically, for each unit rise in MDS, the chance of developing depression increased by 13%. Interestingly, those with severe magnesium deficiency saw a staggering 58% rise in depression likelihood. This suggests that improving magnesium levels could be beneficial for both preventing and treating depression.
9.5
Magnesium and Vitamin D effective for depression
Combined oral supplementation with magnesium plus vitamin D alleviates mild to moderate depressive symptoms related to long-COVID: an open-label randomized, controlled clinical trial.
We explored the effectiveness of magnesium coupled with vitamin D in easing depressive symptoms among individuals with long-COVID. Our study involved 60 participants suffering from mild to moderate depression, hypomagnesemia, and vitamin D deficiency.
Over four months, those who received both magnesium and vitamin D showed significant improvements in their depression scores compared to those who only took vitamin D. Specifically, a notable 73% of the magnesium group achieved significant relief, positioning this combination as a promising treatment for depression linked to long-COVID.
Mild side effects were noted but did not lead to any withdrawals, indicating the safety of this treatment option.
7
Magnesium may reduce postpartum depression
Is peripartum magnesium sulfate associated with a reduction in postpartum depressive symptoms?
We explored whether magnesium sulfate, used for seizure prevention in women with pregnancy hypertension, could help reduce postpartum depressive symptoms. By comparing women who received magnesium to those who did not, we measured depressive symptoms at 2 and 6 weeks after delivery.
Our findings showed that magnesium was linked to a smaller increase in depressive symptoms shortly after childbirth. This suggests that magnesium might have a role in preventing postpartum depression, marking an important step towards improving maternal health. Future randomized trials could further investigate this promising approach.
4
Limited evidence on magnesium's benefits
Micronutrients and Major Depression: A Mendelian Randomisation Study.
We explored the impact of micronutrients on major depressive disorder (MDD) and recurrent depression (rMDD) using genetic data. Our comprehensive analysis, drawing from a large dataset, indicated weak evidence that certain micronutrients like magnesium could influence depression outcomes.
While iron, copper, and vitamin D showed some promise for protective benefits, the evidence surrounding magnesium was mixed, leaving us uncertain about its true effect. Importantly, we found no strong causal links for other micronutrients, signaling the need for further research into their potential risks and benefits.
References
Ielmini M, Gallo D, Tanda ML, Piantanida E, Callegari C, et al. Assessment of the Correlation Between Unipolar and Bipolar Depression, Calcium Levels, Thyroid Function, and Inflammatory Markers: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study. Psychopharmacol Bull. 2025;55:8.
Serefko A, Lachowicz-Radulska J, Szopa A, Herbet M, Czylkowska A, et al. The Novel Imipramine-Magnesium Complex Exerts Antidepressant-like Activity in Mice Subjected to the Forced Swim Test and the Tail Suspension Test. Molecules. 2025;30. doi:10.3390/molecules30030519
Bardinet J, Pouchieu C, Chuy V, Merle B, Pellay H, et al. Association between nutrient patterns and odds of depressive symptomatology: a population-based cohort of older adults followed during 15-y. Eur J Nutr. 2025;64:88. doi:10.1007/s00394-025-03597-x
Rodríguez-Morán M, Guerrero-Romero F, Barragán-Zuñiga J, Gamboa-Gómez CI, Weyman-Vela Y, et al. Combined oral supplementation with magnesium plus vitamin D alleviates mild to moderate depressive symptoms related to long-COVID: an open-label randomized, controlled clinical trial. Magnes Res. 2024;37:49. doi:10.1684/mrh.2024.0535
Zhao W, Jin H. Magnesium depletion score and depression: a positive correlation among US adults. Front Public Health. 2024;12:1486434. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1486434
Carnegie RE, Zheng J, Borges MC, Jones HJ, Wade KH, et al. Micronutrients and Major Depression: A Mendelian Randomisation Study. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16213690
Cai Z, She J, Liu X, Li R, Guo S, et al. Associations between magnesium depletion score and depression among individuals aged 20 to 60 years. J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2024;86:127543. doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127543
Strodl E, Bambling M, Parnam S, Ritchie G, Cramb S, et al. Probiotics and magnesium orotate for the treatment of major depressive disorder: a randomised double blind controlled trial. Sci Rep. 2024;14:20841. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-71093-z
Hajhashemy Z, Shirani F, Askari G. Dietary Magnesium Intake in Relation to Depression in Adults: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Epidemiologic Studies. Nutr Rev. 2025;83:217. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuae056
Abdelmoneam AH, Khafagy GM, Elbeh KA, Hasan MDA. Impact of Magnesium and Ferritin Deficiency on Depression Among Adolescent Students. J Prim Care Community Health. 2024;15:21501319241252570. doi:10.1177/21501319241252570
Chou MH, Yang YK, Wang JD, Lin CY, Lin SH. Elevated C-Reactive Protein Levels Modify the Effect of Magnesium on Depressive Symptoms: A Population-Based Study. Nutrients. 2023;15. doi:10.3390/nu15071560
Chou MH, Yang YK, Wang JD, Lin CY, Lin SH. The Association of Serum and Dietary Magnesium with Depressive Symptoms. Nutrients. 2023;15. doi:10.3390/nu15030774
Li Z, Chen K, Shao Q, Lu H, Zhang X, et al. Nanoparticulate MgH ameliorates anxiety/depression-like behaviors in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis by regulating microglial polarization and oxidative stress. J Neuroinflammation. 2023;20:16. doi:10.1186/s12974-023-02696-y
Wang H, Jin M, Xie M, Yang Y, Xue F, et al. Protective role of antioxidant supplementation for depression and anxiety: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Affect Disord. 2023;323:264. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.072
Saba S, Faizi F, Sepandi M, Nehrir B. Effect of short-term magnesium supplementation on anxiety, depression and sleep quality in patients after open-heart surgery. Magnes Res. 2022;35:62. doi:10.1684/mrh.2022.0503
Abiri B, Sarbakhsh P, Vafa M. Randomized study of the effects of vitamin D and/or magnesium supplementation on mood, serum levels of BDNF, inflammation, and SIRT1 in obese women with mild to moderate depressive symptoms. Nutr Neurosci. 2022;25:2123. doi:10.1080/1028415X.2021.1945859
Miller ES, Sakowicz A, Roy A, Wang A, Yang A, et al. Is peripartum magnesium sulfate associated with a reduction in postpartum depressive symptoms?. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2021;3:100407. doi:10.1016/j.ajogmf.2021.100407