We conducted a 12-week randomized, double-blind clinical trial to evaluate the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on episodic migraine. Seventy participants were divided into two groups, one receiving EPA-rich fish oil and the other a placebo.
Results showed that individuals taking EPA experienced a significant decrease in migraine frequency and severity compared to the placebo group. This included fewer migraine days and improved psychological well-being.
Notably, women appeared to benefit the most, highlighting EPA's potential as a promising preventive treatment for migraine.
Read More
9.5
Omega-3s superior for migraine prevention
High Dosage Omega-3 Fatty Acids Outperform Existing Pharmacological Options for Migraine Prophylaxis: A Network Meta-Analysis.
We analyzed various studies to see how effective high dosage omega-3 fatty acids, specifically EPA and DHA, are in preventing migraines. The results were quite promising!
With 40 randomized controlled trials included, we found that these omega-3 supplements led to a significant decrease in both the frequency and severity of migraines compared to placebo.
Notably, they also had the highest acceptability rates among all treatments reviewed. This evidence suggests that high-dose omega-3s could be a top choice for migraine prevention.
Read More
9
Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces migraines
The relationship between different fatty acids intake and frequency of migraine attacks.
We investigated how the intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, might affect the frequency of migraine attacks. In a study involving 105 migraine patients aged 15 to 50, we examined their usual dietary habits through a food frequency questionnaire and tracked their migraine occurrences over a month.
Our findings revealed a notable trend: lower consumption of EPA was tied to an increased number of migraine attacks. Specifically, participants with reduced EPA intake experienced a higher frequency of migraines, with data indicating a significant statistical relationship. We also found that this connection held true for both men and women alike, emphasizing the potential importance of dietary choices in managing migraines.
Conversely, we did not observe any significant link between saturated fatty acids (SFA) and migraine frequency, suggesting that not all dietary fats impact migraines the same way. Overall, our results point to a promising association between omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA, and reduced migraine attacks, inviting further research to deepen our understanding of this relationship.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Migraine prevention
32 people found this helpful
"Mega" omega! This fish oil supplement contains polyunsaturated fatty acids like EPA and DHA, which significantly lower cholesterol and help prevent cardiovascular diseases. Omega-3 is effective for various conditions, including skin diseases and gastric ulcers. It also benefits brain function and helps reduce migraine symptoms. After starting the capsules, I noticed improvements in my migraines and overall health. I take three capsules daily with meals. If my review is helpful, please click "YES" below and check my other reviews. Wishing you good health!
Read More
9
Migraine improvement
1 people found this helpful
After three weeks of taking these capsules, my frequent migraines, which occurred every 2-3 days, have stopped. I take only one capsule instead of the recommended four. I've also seen improvements in my hair, nails, and skin.
Read More
7.5
Migraine relief
17 people found this helpful
This Omega 3 supplement is essential for those leading an active lifestyle. It supports heart, endocrine, and overall body health. The polyunsaturated fatty acids are beneficial for cardiovascular issues, migraines, and nervous system diseases. I have found it effective for my chronic migraines, experiencing no side effects.
We conducted a 12-week randomized, double-blind clinical trial to evaluate the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on episodic migraine. Seventy participants were divided into two groups, one receiving EPA-rich fish oil and the other a placebo.
Results showed that individuals taking EPA experienced a significant decrease in migraine frequency and severity compared to the placebo group. This included fewer migraine days and improved psychological well-being.
Notably, women appeared to benefit the most, highlighting EPA's potential as a promising preventive treatment for migraine.
Read More
9.5
Omega-3s superior for migraine prevention
High Dosage Omega-3 Fatty Acids Outperform Existing Pharmacological Options for Migraine Prophylaxis: A Network Meta-Analysis.
We analyzed various studies to see how effective high dosage omega-3 fatty acids, specifically EPA and DHA, are in preventing migraines. The results were quite promising!
With 40 randomized controlled trials included, we found that these omega-3 supplements led to a significant decrease in both the frequency and severity of migraines compared to placebo.
Notably, they also had the highest acceptability rates among all treatments reviewed. This evidence suggests that high-dose omega-3s could be a top choice for migraine prevention.
Read More
9
Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces migraines
The relationship between different fatty acids intake and frequency of migraine attacks.
We investigated how the intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, might affect the frequency of migraine attacks. In a study involving 105 migraine patients aged 15 to 50, we examined their usual dietary habits through a food frequency questionnaire and tracked their migraine occurrences over a month.
Our findings revealed a notable trend: lower consumption of EPA was tied to an increased number of migraine attacks. Specifically, participants with reduced EPA intake experienced a higher frequency of migraines, with data indicating a significant statistical relationship. We also found that this connection held true for both men and women alike, emphasizing the potential importance of dietary choices in managing migraines.
Conversely, we did not observe any significant link between saturated fatty acids (SFA) and migraine frequency, suggesting that not all dietary fats impact migraines the same way. Overall, our results point to a promising association between omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA, and reduced migraine attacks, inviting further research to deepen our understanding of this relationship.
Read More
9
Dietary intervention reduces headache pain
Targeted alteration of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for the treatment of chronic headaches: a randomized trial.
We conducted a randomized trial to understand how modifying dietary omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids influences chronic headache conditions, particularly migraines. Patients with daily headaches followed two different dietary plans: one that included a high level of omega-3 and a low level of omega-6, and another that just reduced omega-6 intake. Over 12 weeks, we gathered both clinical and biochemical data to evaluate the outcomes.
Interestingly, the results highlighted that the group consuming more omega-3 fatty acids had significant improvements in their headache symptoms. They reported fewer headache days per month and spent less time each day suffering from headaches compared to those who only lowered their omega-6 intake. Additionally, we noted notable changes at the biochemical level, indicating increased levels of certain markers related to pain relief in the higher omega-3 group.
Our findings suggest that enhancing omega-3 intake while reducing omega-6 can lead to better management of chronic headaches, altering pain-related lipid mediators and ultimately improving quality of life for those suffering from such conditions.
Read More
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid shows promise
Eicosapentaenoic acid versus placebo as adjunctive therapy in chronic migraine: A randomized controlled trial.
We examined the effectiveness of daily 2000 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) supplementation in individuals suffering from chronic migraines. In a randomized, double-blind study, participants received either EPA or a placebo for eight weeks.
Results indicated that EPA supplementation could help reduce the number of migraine attacks, lessen headache severity, and improve overall quality of life. So, while we see promise in this omega-3 fatty acid for migraine relief, further studies are warranted to determine its full potential.
"Mega" omega! This fish oil supplement contains polyunsaturated fatty acids like EPA and DHA, which significantly lower cholesterol and help prevent cardiovascular diseases. Omega-3 is effective for various conditions, including skin diseases and gastric ulcers. It also benefits brain function and helps reduce migraine symptoms. After starting the capsules, I noticed improvements in my migraines and overall health. I take three capsules daily with meals. If my review is helpful, please click "YES" below and check my other reviews. Wishing you good health!
Read More
9
Migraine improvement
1 people found this helpful
After three weeks of taking these capsules, my frequent migraines, which occurred every 2-3 days, have stopped. I take only one capsule instead of the recommended four. I've also seen improvements in my hair, nails, and skin.
Read More
7.5
Migraine relief
17 people found this helpful
This Omega 3 supplement is essential for those leading an active lifestyle. It supports heart, endocrine, and overall body health. The polyunsaturated fatty acids are beneficial for cardiovascular issues, migraines, and nervous system diseases. I have found it effective for my chronic migraines, experiencing no side effects.
Read More
7.5
Migraine elimination
2 people found this helpful
I can attest to the benefits of polyunsaturated acids, as I noticed a significant improvement in my condition, with migraines essentially stopping. I recommend this supplement for anyone struggling with similar issues!
Read More
7.5
Migraine frequency
My family and I have started taking this supplement, and I feel it is essential for long-term health. I’ve experienced fewer migraines, only suffering once in a month, which was due to wine. I continue to observe positive changes.
Migraine is a neurological condition characterized by recurrent and often debilitating headaches, typically accompanied by a variety of symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and heightened sensitivity to light and sound. These headaches can be pulsing or throbbing in nature and are usually localized to one side of the head, although they can occur on both sides. Migraines can last anywhere from a few hours to several days and can significantly interfere with daily activities. Many individuals also experience an "aura," which can include visual disturbances like flashing lights or blind spots, as a precursor to the actual headache.
While the exact cause of migraines is not fully understood, they are thought to be linked to changes in brain activity and environmental factors, along with genetics. Various triggers can precipitate a migraine attack, including stress, hormonal changes, certain foods, and sleep disturbances. Treatment options vary and can include prescription medications, over-the-counter pain relief, lifestyle changes, and preventive strategies. If you suffer from migraines, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional to develop a tailored management plan suited to your symptoms and needs.
Omega-3 fish oil is a nutritional supplement derived from the fatty tissues of fish, particularly fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential fats that the body cannot produce on its own. The most significant types of omega-3s found in fish oil are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), both of which are known for their numerous health benefits. These include reducing inflammation, supporting heart health, and promoting brain function.
Incorporating omega-3 fish oil into your diet can be beneficial if you don’t consume enough fish regularly. Many health experts recommend oily fish as a part of a balanced diet due to their high omega-3 content. For those who find it difficult to include fish in their meals, fish oil supplements can offer a convenient alternative, providing the same essential fatty acids in concentrated form. However, it’s essential to choose high-quality supplements that are third-party tested for purity and potency to avoid contaminants such as heavy metals or other toxins that can impact health.
Emerging research suggests that omega-3 fish oil may have potential benefits for individuals who suffer from migraines. Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA and DHA, are known for their anti-inflammatory properties, which could help mitigate some of the triggers associated with migraine attacks. A few studies have indicated that regular supplementation with omega-3 may reduce the frequency and severity of migraines in some patients. However, the evidence is still not definitive, and results can vary significantly between individuals.
That said, incorporating omega-3 fish oil into your diet can be a healthy choice, as it supports cardiovascular health and may provide other benefits beyond migraine relief. It's important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement, especially if you are currently taking medications or have existing health conditions. A well-rounded approach that includes dietary changes, hydration, and lifestyle modifications often proves more effective in managing migraines than relying on supplements alone.
Based on user reviews, it appears that many individuals begin to see results from Omega-3 supplements for migraine relief within a few weeks of consistent use. One user noted a complete cessation of their frequent migraines after just three weeks of taking the capsules, even after reducing their dosage to one capsule daily, which is a significant improvement compared to their previous experience of headaches every 2-3 days Read Review. Another reviewer experienced a noticeable decrease in migraine occurrences shortly after starting the supplement, attributing their lack of headaches to the Omega-3s Read Review.
Several users recommend the supplement, highlighting its effectiveness in reducing the frequency and severity of migraines over time Read Review. Those who continued the regimen indicated ongoing benefits and fewer migraines as they maintained their use of the capsules Read Review. Overall, while experiences vary, many seem to achieve positive results within a few weeks, supporting the notion that consistent long-term use may yield further improvements.
Research suggests that omega-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), may offer some benefits for managing migraines. Multiple studies indicate that supplementation with EPA can lead to a significant reduction in the frequency and severity of migraine attacks. For instance, one controlled study found that participants taking high doses of EPA experienced a reduction of 4.4 migraine days per month compared to those on a placebo, indicating its potential as an effective preventative treatment for those suffering from chronic migraines [3]. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis of 40 randomized trials showed that higher doses of omega-3 fatty acids resulted in significant decreases in both migraine frequency and severity, supporting the idea that these supplements could be a leading choice for migraine prevention [4].
However, it's important to note that not all studies have reached the same conclusion regarding the effectiveness of omega-3s. While some research points to positive outcomes, such as reduced migraine duration by about 3.44 hours following omega-3 intake, other studies have yet to confirm significant changes in frequency or severity [14]. Overall, while the potential benefits of omega-3 fatty acids appear promising based on current research, more extensive and rigorous trials are essential to fully ascertain their role in migraine management.
Based on user reviews, many individuals report notable improvements in their migraine symptoms after incorporating Omega-3 supplements into their routine. One user shared that after just three weeks of taking the capsules, their frequent migraines ceased entirely, a dramatic change from experiencing them every 2-3 days Read Review. Another user found that their chronic migraines were effectively managed with the supplement, noting no side effects associated with its use Read Review.
Furthermore, several other users echoed similar sentiments, highlighting a significant reduction in migraine frequency and severity. One reviewer mentioned experiencing migraines much less frequently, occurring only once in a month, attributing their condition to wine consumption rather than the supplement itself Read Review. Others have also reported needing fewer pain relief medications due to the positive effects of Omega-3s, reinforcing the benefits reported by many users Read Review. While individual results may vary, these anecdotal experiences suggest that Omega-3 supplements could be a promising option for managing migraine symptoms.
Based on user reviews, many individuals report positive experiences when combining Omega-3 supplements with other dietary considerations for managing migraines. One user noted that they had been taking calcium regularly alongside the Omega-3 capsules, which they believe has contributed to easing their migraine symptoms Read Review. Another reviewer discussed how their overall health improved from a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which aided in reducing migraine headaches and supporting heart health Read Review.
Users have also mentioned how incorporating Omega-3 supplements into their lifestyle led to fewer migraines overall. For instance, one user reported experiencing migraines only once a month, linking any episodes to wine consumption rather than the supplement Read Review. Overall, while combinations with other supplements or dietary adjustments seem to enhance the effectiveness of Omega-3s, personal outcomes may vary, reflecting diverse experiences in migraine management.
The optimal dose of omega-3 fish oil for treating migraines, particularly focusing on eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), appears to center around 2000 mg per day, as indicated by several studies. For instance, a study highlighted that individuals experiencing chronic migraines who supplemented with 2000 mg of EPA daily reported a decrease in the frequency and severity of their migraine attacks, suggesting its potential effectiveness as a preventative measure [2][18]. In addition, the findings from a systematic review involving numerous randomized controlled trials further supported this narrative, detailing significant reductions in migraine frequency and severity for those taking higher doses of omega-3s when compared to placebo groups [4].
Moreover, another study noted that participants receiving a high dose of EPA reported an average reduction of 4.4 migraine days per month, emphasizing the benefits associated with maintaining a regimen of daily supplementation [3]. As migraine management continues to evolve, high-dose omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA, are emerging as promising options, possibly providing a safer and more effective alternative for migraine prevention compared to traditional medications [4].
9
Migraine improvement
1 people found this helpful
After three weeks of taking these capsules, my frequent migraines, which occurred every 2-3 days, have stopped. I take only one capsule instead of the recommended four. I've also seen improvements in my hair, nails, and skin.
7.5
Migraine relief
17 people found this helpful
This Omega 3 supplement is essential for those leading an active lifestyle. It supports heart, endocrine, and overall body health. The polyunsaturated fatty acids are beneficial for cardiovascular issues, migraines, and nervous system diseases. I have found it effective for my chronic migraines, experiencing no side effects.
7.5
Migraine elimination
2 people found this helpful
I can attest to the benefits of polyunsaturated acids, as I noticed a significant improvement in my condition, with migraines essentially stopping. I recommend this supplement for anyone struggling with similar issues!
7.5
Migraine frequency
My family and I have started taking this supplement, and I feel it is essential for long-term health. I’ve experienced fewer migraines, only suffering once in a month, which was due to wine. I continue to observe positive changes.
7.5
Migraine reduction
1 people found this helpful
I started taking Omega-3 without prior knowledge and noticed a reduction in my migraines, needing fewer pain relief medications. I take one capsule each morning and evening. This supplement is proving effective for me.
7.5
Migraine relief
I'm eating steadily. One for three? I’ve been taking this and eating calcium regularly, which has eased my migraine symptoms.
7.5
Migraine support
A diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids has helped reduce my migraine headaches and is good for heart health.
9.5
EPA significantly reduces migraine frequency
A 12-week randomized double-blind clinical trial of eicosapentaenoic acid intervention in episodic migraine.
We conducted a 12-week randomized, double-blind clinical trial to evaluate the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on episodic migraine. Seventy participants were divided into two groups, one receiving EPA-rich fish oil and the other a placebo.
Results showed that individuals taking EPA experienced a significant decrease in migraine frequency and severity compared to the placebo group. This included fewer migraine days and improved psychological well-being.
Notably, women appeared to benefit the most, highlighting EPA's potential as a promising preventive treatment for migraine.
9.5
Omega-3s superior for migraine prevention
High Dosage Omega-3 Fatty Acids Outperform Existing Pharmacological Options for Migraine Prophylaxis: A Network Meta-Analysis.
We analyzed various studies to see how effective high dosage omega-3 fatty acids, specifically EPA and DHA, are in preventing migraines. The results were quite promising!
With 40 randomized controlled trials included, we found that these omega-3 supplements led to a significant decrease in both the frequency and severity of migraines compared to placebo.
Notably, they also had the highest acceptability rates among all treatments reviewed. This evidence suggests that high-dose omega-3s could be a top choice for migraine prevention.
7
Omega-3s reduce migraine duration
Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on the frequency, severity, and duration of migraine attacks: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
We analyzed a systematic review and meta-analysis looking into how omega-3 fatty acids might influence migraine attacks. By examining 13 randomized controlled trials, we found that omega-3s did not significantly change the frequency or severity of migraines.
However, there was a noteworthy finding: omega-3 intake could reduce the duration of migraine attacks by about 3.44 hours.
This highlights a potential benefit of omega-3s, but more high-quality trials are needed to truly confirm these results.
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid shows promise
Eicosapentaenoic acid versus placebo as adjunctive therapy in chronic migraine: A randomized controlled trial.
We examined the effectiveness of daily 2000 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) supplementation in individuals suffering from chronic migraines. In a randomized, double-blind study, participants received either EPA or a placebo for eight weeks.
Results indicated that EPA supplementation could help reduce the number of migraine attacks, lessen headache severity, and improve overall quality of life. So, while we see promise in this omega-3 fatty acid for migraine relief, further studies are warranted to determine its full potential.
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid ineffective for migraines
A 12-week randomized double-blind clinical trial of eicosapentaenoic acid intervention in episodic migraine.
We explored the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on episodic migraine through a 12-week randomized double-blind clinical trial. This type of study is designed to rigorously assess the effectiveness of treatments by ensuring that neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving the actual treatment or a placebo.
Our goal was to see whether this omega-3 fatty acid could provide relief for those suffering from migraines. We observed how participants responded and measured the frequency and severity of their migraine attacks. Unfortunately, the results did not show a significant benefit of eicosapentaenoic acid in reducing migraine occurrences or intensity.
It is essential for those looking for migraine treatments to be aware that while eicosapentaenoic acid has been noted for various health benefits, our study concluded it does not effectively alleviate episodic migraines. Therefore, it may not be a viable option for migraine relief.
References
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Mohammadnezhad G, Assarzadegan F, Koosha M, Esmaily H. Eicosapentaenoic acid versus placebo as adjunctive therapy in chronic migraine: A randomized controlled trial. Headache. 2025;65:153. 10.1111/head.14808
Wang HF, Liu WC, Zailani H, Yang CC, Chen TB, et al. A 12-week randomized double-blind clinical trial of eicosapentaenoic acid intervention in episodic migraine. Brain Behav Immun. 2024;118:459. 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.019
Tseng PT, Zeng BY, Chen JJ, Kuo CH, Zeng BS, et al. High Dosage Omega-3 Fatty Acids Outperform Existing Pharmacological Options for Migraine Prophylaxis: A Network Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr. 2024;15:100163. 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100163
Djalali M, Talebi S, Djalali E, Abdolahi M, Travica N, et al. The effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers in subjects with migraine: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2023;45:565. 10.1080/08923973.2023.2196600
Faurot KR, Cole WR, MacIntosh BA, Dunlap M, Moore CB, et al. Targeted dietary interventions to reduce pain in persistent post-traumatic headache among service members: Protocol for a randomized, controlled parallel-group trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2022;119:106851. 10.1016/j.cct.2022.106851
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Abdolahi M, Karimi E, Sarraf P, Tafakhori A, Siri G, et al. The omega-3 and Nano-curcumin effects on vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) in episodic migraine patients: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Res Notes. 2021;14:283. 10.1186/s13104-021-05700-x
Cardia L, Calapai F, Mondello C, Quattrone D, Elisa Sorbara E, et al. Clinical use of omega-3 fatty acids in migraine: A narrative review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99:e22253. 10.1097/MD.0000000000022253
Honarvar NM, Soveid N, Abdolahi M, Djalali M, Hatami M, et al. Anti-Neuroinflammatory Properties of n-3 Fatty Acids and Nano- Curcumin on Migraine Patients from Cellular to Clinical Insight: A Randomized, Double-Blind and Placebo-Controlled Trial. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2021;21:365. 10.2174/1871530320666200729144430
Abdolahi M, Jafarieh A, Sarraf P, Sedighiyan M, Yousefi A, et al. The Neuromodulatory Effects of ω-3 Fatty Acids and Nano-Curcumin on the COX-2/ iNOS Network in Migraines: A Clinical Trial Study from Gene Expression to Clinical Symptoms. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2019;19:874. 10.2174/1871530319666190212170140
Sanders AE, Shaikh SR, Slade GD. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and headache in the U.S. population. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2018;135:47. 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.06.008
Soveyd N, Abdolahi M, Djalali M, Hatami M, Tafakhori A, et al. The Combined Effects of ω -3 Fatty Acids and Nano-Curcumin Supplementation on Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) Gene Expression and Serum Levels in Migraine Patients. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2018;16:1120. 10.2174/1871527317666171213154749
Maghsoumi-Norouzabad L, Mansoori A, Abed R, Shishehbor F. Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on the frequency, severity, and duration of migraine attacks: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Neurosci. 2018;21:614. 10.1080/1028415X.2017.1344371
Abdolahi M, Tafakhori A, Togha M, Okhovat AA, Siassi F, et al. The synergistic effects of ω-3 fatty acids and nano-curcumin supplementation on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α gene expression and serum level in migraine patients. Immunogenetics. 2017;69:371. 10.1007/s00251-017-0992-8
Soares AA, Louçana PMC, Nasi EP, Sousa KMH, Sá OMS, et al. A double- blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trial with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (OPFA ɷ-3) for the prevention of migraine in chronic migraine patients using amitriptyline. Nutr Neurosci. 2018;21:219. 10.1080/1028415X.2016.1266133
Pradalier A, Bakouche P, Baudesson G, Delage A, Cornaille-Lafage G, et al. Failure of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in prevention of migraine: a double-blind study versus placebo. Cephalalgia. 2001;21:818.
You ZB, Cao P. A 12-week randomized double-blind clinical trial of eicosapentaenoic acid intervention in episodic migraine. Brain Behav Immun. 2024;121:121. 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.07.014
Chen TB, Yang CC, Tsai IJ, Yang HW, Hsu YC, et al. Neuroimmunological effects of omega-3 fatty acids on migraine: a review. Front Neurol. 2024;15:1366372. 10.3389/fneur.2024.1366372
Mann JD, Faurot KR, MacIntosh B, Palsson OS, Suchindran CM, et al. A sixteen-week three-armed, randomized, controlled trial investigating clinical and biochemical effects of targeted alterations in dietary linoleic acid and n-3 EPA+DHA in adults with episodic migraine: Study protocol. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2018;128:41. 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.11.002
Sadeghi O, Maghsoudi Z, Khorvash F, Ghiasvand R, Askari G. The relationship between different fatty acids intake and frequency of migraine attacks. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2015;20:334.
Ramsden CE, Faurot KR, Zamora D, Suchindran CM, MacIntosh BA, et al. Targeted alteration of dietary n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for the treatment of chronic headaches: a randomized trial. Pain. 2013;154:2441. 10.1016/j.pain.2013.07.028
Simopoulos AP. Omega-3 fatty acids in inflammation and autoimmune diseases. J Am Coll Nutr. 2002;21:495.