Overview
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The results revealed that cholesterol-treated rabbits experienced significant damage, evident through decreased fiber density and changes in brain cell structure. Surprisingly, while vitamin E showed some protective traits by reducing these changes, its overall impact on atherosclerosis was inconclusive.
In our study, we tested its effects in mice prone to atherosclerosis, specifically those lacking the Apo E gene.
We found that NATOH not only mimicked the antioxidant abilities of vitamin E but also significantly reduced inflammation and improved atherosclerosis conditions in these mice.
This suggests that NATOH could be a promising option for preventing atherosclerosis in future clinical applications.
Mice receiving TPM experienced up to a 44% reduction in lesions. In contrast, those on a standard vitamin E supplement showed no significant benefits.
Overall, our findings suggest that TPM may help slow down the progression of artery hardening, primarily by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
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In our study, we tested its effects in mice prone to atherosclerosis, specifically those lacking the Apo E gene.
We found that NATOH not only mimicked the antioxidant abilities of vitamin E but also significantly reduced inflammation and improved atherosclerosis conditions in these mice.
This suggests that NATOH could be a promising option for preventing atherosclerosis in future clinical applications.
The vitamins supported better function in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), reducing inflammation markers and helping to remodel HDL particles. This suggests a cardioprotective effect and improved overall health in the studied mice. However, the implications for human health remain unclear.
Mice receiving TPM experienced up to a 44% reduction in lesions. In contrast, those on a standard vitamin E supplement showed no significant benefits.
Overall, our findings suggest that TPM may help slow down the progression of artery hardening, primarily by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
Tocotrienol emerged as a promising option, significantly lowering cholesterol and markers of inflammation. In contrast, tocopherol's results were mixed and potentially indicated increased mortality risk. This evidence positions tocotrienol as a safer alternative for improving cardiovascular health.
Sixty patients were divided into two groups: one received vitamin E daily for a month, while the other followed standard therapy.
After treatment, we found that vitamin E significantly reduced the level of the harmful Bax protein and raised the protective Bcl-2 protein.
This suggests that vitamin E could enhance recovery by balancing apoptosis markers in these patients.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Arteriosclerosis is a general term used to describe the thickening and hardening of arteries, which can lead to reduced blood flow and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This condition is often associated with aging and can be exacerbated by risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking, and diabetes. There are several types of arteriosclerosis, with atherosclerosis being the most common form, characterized by the buildup of fatty deposits, known as plaques, on the arterial walls. This can lead to narrowing of the arteries, making it difficult for blood to flow effectively.
Managing and preventing arteriosclerosis involves lifestyle changes such as adopting a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding smoking. Medical treatments may include medications to control cholesterol levels and blood pressure, as well as procedures such as angioplasty or plaque removal in severe cases. If you’re concerned about your cardiovascular health or have risk factors for arteriosclerosis, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and management strategies.
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble nutrient that plays a crucial role in various bodily functions, primarily acting as an antioxidant. This means it helps to neutralize free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can cause oxidative stress, leading to cellular damage. Vitamin E is not just one compound, but a group of several related compounds, with tocopherols and tocotrienols being the most studied forms. These compounds are found in various foods, including nuts, seeds, and green leafy vegetables, making it relatively easy to obtain sufficient amounts through a balanced diet.
Research suggests that Vitamin E may contribute to immune function, skin health, and the overall maintenance of cardiovascular health. While most people can get enough Vitamin E from their diet, supplements may be necessary for those with specific deficiencies or conditions that impair absorption. However, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen, as excessive intake of Vitamin E can lead to adverse effects. Overall, maintaining adequate Vitamin E levels is essential for promoting long-term health and preventing potential deficiencies.
Based on user reviews, many customers have reported varying timelines for seeing results when taking Vitamin E for arteriosclerosis. While specific time frames are not universally cited, users often express that they have experienced improvements in their overall cardiovascular health after consistent use over several months. For instance, one user mentions taking Vitamin E nightly for three years, noting enhancements in blood flow, which they attribute to its preventative potential against arteriosclerosis (Read Review). Additionally, another user emphasizes the ongoing nature of their regimen, indicating that long-term commitment is key to realizing health benefits (Read Review).
It’s important to note that individual experiences may vary significantly based on personal health status, dosage, and lifestyle factors. While some might see improvements within a few weeks, others suggest a longer period before noticing tangible changes. Therefore, for those considering Vitamin E for arteriosclerosis management, a consistent daily intake—potentially over several months—appears common among positive reports. As always, consulting with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement is advisable.
Scientific research does suggest that vitamin E may have some role in managing arteriosclerosis, particularly with specific forms of this vitamin and in certain populations. A study examining the impact of tocotrienol—one type of vitamin E—found significant benefits in lowering cholesterol and inflammation markers related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, positioning it as a promising candidate for improving heart health [2]. Additionally, evidence from a study involving postmenopausal women indicates that higher serum levels of a specific form of vitamin E, α-tocopherol, may correlate with a reduced risk of arteriosclerotic factors, underscoring its potential role in vascular health [5].
However, results regarding vitamin E's overall efficacy in preventing or treating arteriosclerosis are mixed. For example, while some studies show vitamin E may reduce arterial thickness in women [9], others indicate that it doesn't significantly alter atherosclerosis outcomes despite modulating related stress markers [6]. Additionally, findings suggest that aspirin may outperform vitamin E in combating atherosclerotic lesions [11]. Therefore, while vitamin E may play a supportive role in heart health, its effectiveness against arteriosclerosis remains a topic of ongoing research.
Based on user reviews, individuals have reported a range of symptom improvements attributed to Vitamin E, particularly concerning cardiovascular health. Users frequently highlight its benefits in lowering LDL cholesterol levels and improving blood circulation. For instance, one reviewer noted that taking E-400 with mixed tocopherols significantly enhanced their blood flow and helped dilate blood vessels, which may be an essential factor in reducing the risk of arteriosclerosis and heart disease (Read Review). Additionally, several users have emphasized Vitamin E's role in maintaining healthy blood pressure, suggesting that they feel it contributes positively to their overall cardiovascular well-being (Read Review).
Moreover, another user shared that their nightly regimen of Vitamin E for three years has not only improved their blood flow but has also contributed to autonomic nervous system regulation, which they believe aids in preventing arteriosclerosis (Read Review). While these reports highlight some of the potential benefits of Vitamin E, it is crucial to note that individual responses to supplementation can differ widely based on a variety of factors, including overall health, dosage, and consistency of use. As always, seeking advice from a healthcare professional prior to starting any new supplement is highly recommended.
Based on user reviews, many individuals report positive experiences when combining Vitamin E with other supplements for managing arteriosclerosis. One user highlighted the use of E-400 with mixed tocopherols, stating that this combination enhanced their blood flow and helped dilate blood vessels, potentially mitigating the risk of arteriosclerosis and heart disease (Read Review). Another user emphasized the comprehensive health benefits derived from Vitamin E, attributing its effectiveness in lowering both blood pressure and LDL cholesterol, as well as assisting in the overall maintenance of cardiovascular health (Read Review).
Users commonly express the importance of integrating Vitamin E into a broader supplement regimen for optimal results. Some specifically noted that they consider Vitamin E essential for their health, particularly in older age, reinforcing its role in supporting heart health and preventing age-related cardiovascular issues (Read Review). This collective feedback suggests that many find Vitamin E to be most effective when taken alongside other beneficial vitamins or supplements that focus on heart health and arterial function.
Research into the optimal dose of Vitamin E for treating arteriosclerosis hasn't conclusively established a one-size-fits-all recommendation. However, existing studies point towards beneficial effects at varying intake levels. For instance, one study indicated that increasing dietary Vitamin E was associated with a reduced risk of developing peripheral arterial disease (PAD), suggesting that individuals at risk might benefit from higher consumption [1]. Additionally, another study noted that women experienced a significant decrease in carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), a marker of atherosclerosis, correlating with each milligram of Vitamin E consumed [10]. This emphasizes that while specific dosages weren't always pinpointed, there seems to be a direct relationship between increased intake and health benefits.
Moreover, tocotrienol, a form of Vitamin E, has been highlighted as particularly promising due to its ability to lower cholesterol and inflammation markers, indicating it may be a safer alternative compared to other forms of Vitamin E, like tocopherol, which exhibited mixed results [2]. (This further implies that those considering Vitamin E supplements should focus on tocotrienol for potential cardiovascular benefits.) Given these insights, discussions with healthcare providers can help individuals determine the best approach tailored to their needs and health conditions, particularly in view of these findings around Vitamin E's diverse roles in supporting arterial health.
Tocotrienol emerged as a promising option, significantly lowering cholesterol and markers of inflammation. In contrast, tocopherol's results were mixed and potentially indicated increased mortality risk. This evidence positions tocotrienol as a safer alternative for improving cardiovascular health.
Although we did not find significant differences in vitamin E levels across groups with varying arteriosclerosis risks, there was a trend showing that higher serum α-tocopherol levels, adjusted by cholesterol and triglycerides, were linked to fewer arteriosclerotic risk factors.
This suggests that maintaining proper vitamin E levels might play a role in reducing risks associated with arteriosclerosis.
In our study, we tested its effects in mice prone to atherosclerosis, specifically those lacking the Apo E gene.
We found that NATOH not only mimicked the antioxidant abilities of vitamin E but also significantly reduced inflammation and improved atherosclerosis conditions in these mice.
This suggests that NATOH could be a promising option for preventing atherosclerosis in future clinical applications.
Surprisingly, despite vitamin E showing potential in modulating ER stress markers, the overall effects on atherosclerosis didn’t seem significantly beneficial. While it did improve certain protein responses and pathways, this does not guarantee a substantial impact on plaque formation.
Altogether, while vitamin E might help with ER stress, it doesn't dramatically change atherosclerosis outcomes.
Our findings showed that vitamin E reduced atherosclerotic lesions, but aspirin was significantly more effective, completely reversing the fatty streak areas. Unfortunately, neither vitamin E nor aspirin helped in reversing bone loss related to hormonal changes.
Overall, while vitamin E offers some benefits against atherosclerosis, aspirin is the clearer winner in this treatment comparison.
Our analysis revealed a negative association between vitamin E intake and the incidence of PAD. Specifically, individuals who consumed more vitamin E appeared to have a lower likelihood of developing this condition.
This suggests that increasing dietary vitamin E might be beneficial, particularly for those at risk. Therefore, considering these findings for dietary guidance can help in the prevention of PAD.
References
- Liu Q, Wu X, Wang Y, Wang X, Zhao F, et al. Association of dietary vitamin E intake with peripheral arterial disease: A retrospective cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2025;20:e0320356. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0320356
- Rafique S, Khan DA, Farhat K, Khan MA, Noor M, et al. Comparative efficacy of tocotrienol and tocopherol (vitamin E) on atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in humans. J Pak Med Assoc. 2024;74:1124. doi:10.47391/JPMA.9227
- Kalinin RA, Suchkov IA, Klimentova ÉA, Shchul'kin AV, Egorov AA. [Effect of an antioxidant on vascular wall cell apoptosis markers after reconstructive operations]. Angiol Sosud Khir. 2021;27:8. doi:10.33529/ANGIO2021301
- Wang Y, Zhang S, Zhang G, Yu B, Gao X, et al. Association between type D personality and in-stent restenosis in patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention: A mediation analysis of dietary patterns. J Psychosom Res. 2020;138:110244. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110244
- Nakatsu Y, Niida S, Tanaka K, Takenaka S, Kuwabara A. The Relationship between Serum Vitamin E Level and Risk Factors for Arteriosclerosis in Japanese Postmenopausal Women. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2020;66:213. doi:10.3177/jnsv.66.213
- Bozaykut P, Ekren R, Sezerman OU, Gladyshev VN, Ozer NK. High-throughput profiling reveals perturbation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes in atherosclerosis induced by high-cholesterol diet and the protective role of vitamin E. Biofactors. 2020;46:653. doi:10.1002/biof.1635
- Elbeltagy MAF, Elkholy WB, Salman AS. Effect of atherosclerosis and the protective effect of the antioxidant vitamin E on the rabbit cerebellum. Microscopy (Oxf). 2019;68:369. doi:10.1093/jmicro/dfz023
- Ranard KM, Kuchan MJ, Erdman JW. α-Tocopherol, but Not γ-Tocopherol, Attenuates the Expression of Selective Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha-Induced Genes in Primary Human Aortic Cell Lines. Lipids. 2019;54:289. doi:10.1002/lipd.12149
- Rodriguez-Duarte J, Galliussi G, Dapueto R, Rossello J, Malacrida L, et al. A novel nitroalkene-α-tocopherol analogue inhibits inflammation and ameliorates atherosclerosis in Apo E knockout mice. Br J Pharmacol. 2019;176:757. doi:10.1111/bph.14561
- Maugeri A, Hruskova J, Jakubik J, Kunzova S, Sochor O, et al. Dietary antioxidant intake decreases carotid intima media thickness in women but not in men: A cross-sectional assessment in the Kardiovize study. Free Radic Biol Med. 2019;131:274. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.018
- Chai SC, Foley EM, Arjmandi BH. Anti-atherogenic properties of vitamin E, aspirin, and their combination. PLoS One. 2018;13:e0206315. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0206315
- Contreras-Duarte S, Chen P, Andía M, Uribe S, Irarrázaval P, et al. Attenuation of atherogenic apo B-48-dependent hyperlipidemia and high density lipoprotein remodeling induced by vitamin C and E combination and their beneficial effect on lethal ischemic heart disease in mice. Biol Res. 2018;51:34. doi:10.1186/s40659-018-0183-6
- Libinaki R, Vinh A, Tesanovic-Klajic S, Widdop R, Gaspari T. The effect of tocopheryl phosphates (TPM) on the development of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein-E deficient mice. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2017;44 Suppl 1:107. doi:10.1111/1440-1681.12821
- Del Carmen Baez M, Taran M, de La Paz Scribano M, Balceda A, Buonanotte C, et al. Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers as Indicator of Atherogenesis in Rats: Antioxidants as Preventive Pharmacological Methods. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem. 2017;16:87. doi:10.2174/1871523016666170616121133
- Minotti GC, Cortese F, Corsonello A, Guadalupi G, D Arcangelo AP, et al. The Influence of Dietary Components on Early Signs of Atherosclerosis in Apparently Healthy Young-adult Males: An Observational Study of 615 Subjects. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2017;15:482. doi:10.2174/1570161115666170201111809
