In our recent study, we set out to explore the effectiveness of a 5% sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate lotion, a stable form of vitamin C, for treating acne. We conducted a double-blind, controlled trial with 50 participants over 12 weeks, where half used the vitamin C lotion and the other half received a placebo.
Our findings revealed significant improvements in acne symptoms for those using the vitamin C lotion compared to the placebo group. We measured outcomes through various assessments, including a global evaluation by investigators and self-reported assessments by the subjects, along with lesion counts.
The results showed that the vitamin C lotion was not only effective but also well-tolerated, with side effects similar to those seen with the placebo. This adds a promising tool to the options available for acne treatment, suggesting that vitamin C might play a valuable role in skincare regimens aimed at combating acne.
Overall, our study supports the idea that vitamin C, in the form of sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate, can help reduce acne, making it a noteworthy addition to acne treatment strategies.
Read More
9
Sodium ascorbyl phosphate for acne
Sodium ascorbyl phosphate shows in vitro and in vivo efficacy in the prevention and treatment of acne vulgaris.
We explored the potential of sodium ascorbyl phosphate (SAP), a stable form of vitamin C, in preventing and treating acne vulgaris. The study included a time-kill analysis showing that a 1% SAP formulation reduced the harmful bacteria Propionibacterium acnes by a significant log reduction of 5 after 8 hours. This demonstrates the strong antimicrobial properties of SAP against acne-causing bacteria.
Additionally, we observed an in vivo study with 20 participants, where the SAP formulation effectively prevented up to 40% of UVA-induced sebum oxidation, suggesting it can help reduce inflammation associated with acne. In another open-label study involving 60 volunteers over 12 weeks, a 5% SAP lotion was rated as excellent or good in effectiveness by 76.9% of the participants, outperforming a commonly prescribed acne treatment.
Overall, our findings indicate that sodium ascorbyl phosphate could serve as an effective, non-antibiotic option for both the prevention and treatment of acne, making it an attractive addition to cosmetic products due to its lack of side effects.
Read More
8
MAP reduces acne-related inflammation
Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate Regulates the Expression of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cultured Sebocytes.
We aimed to explore how magnesium ascorbyl phosphate (MAP), a stable form of vitamin C, influences acne by evaluating its impact on inflammatory responses in skin cells known as sebocytes. The study employed a robust methodology, where we treated cultured sebocytes with different solutions: MAP, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and a combination of both.
Following treatment, we measured the expression of inflammatory markers, cytokines, and proteins involved in skin inflammation and the healing process. Our findings revealed that MAP effectively reduced the heightened inflammatory responses caused by LPS, suggesting it has a calming effect on acne-related inflammation.
Additionally, we observed a notable decrease in lipid peroxidation, a contributor to skin damage, after treatment with MAP. This means that vitamin C may not only help reduce inflammation but could also protect skin cells from oxidative stress, promoting healthier skin overall.
In summary, our study strengthens the idea that using MAP can be a beneficial addition to acne treatments, potentially leading to improved skin conditions.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Restoring skin
2 people found this helpful
Excellent vitamin C with an appropriate dosage; it isn’t excessive. I required the supplement to aid in the recovery of my skin from post-acne; clearly, an integrated approach is essential, as I can't manage this alone.
Read More
9
Restoring skin
Excellent vitamin C with an appropriate dosage; it isn’t excessive. I required the supplement to aid in the recovery of my skin from post-acne; clearly, an integrated approach is essential, as I can't manage this alone.
Read More
7
Restoring skin
Excellent vitamin C with an appropriate dosage; it isn’t excessive. I required the supplement to aid in the recovery of my skin from post-acne; clearly, an integrated approach is essential, as I can't manage this alone.
Efficacy of tranexamic acid solution versus vitamin C solution after micro-needling in treatment of persistent post acne erythema: a split face clinical and 3DAntera camera comparative study.
We explored the effectiveness of using vitamin C in treating persistent post-acne erythema, which often leaves visible redness after acne has cleared. In this study, participants received microneedling combined with either a 10% vitamin C solution or a tranexamic acid solution. The goal was to see which treatment worked better for reducing redness and improving overall skin appearance.
Four treatment sessions were spaced two weeks apart, followed by assessments two weeks after the final session. We measured improvements using clinical evaluations, 3D imaging technology to analyze blood flow in the skin, and patient feedback.
Our findings indicated that both treatments led to significant improvements in reducing skin redness. However, the tranexamic acid solution yielded even better results compared to vitamin C. Patients reported satisfaction on both sides, but they favored the effects of tranexamic acid more. Notably, any side effects were minimal and temporary.
This study suggests that while vitamin C can be helpful, using microneedling with tranexamic acid may deliver superior results for those struggling with post-acne redness.
Read More
9
Nutraceuticals effective for acne
Cosm-nutraceutical nanovesicles for acne treatment: Physicochemical characterization and exploratory clinical experimentation.
We aimed to understand how a novel formulation combining vitamin C and quercetin can help treat acne. Our study focused on creating small liposomal structures called aspasomes that enhance the delivery of quercetin, a potent antioxidant, onto the skin.
Throughout our research, we thoroughly characterized these aspasomes for their size, stability, and how well they could penetrate the skin. One exciting finding was that these specialized nanovesicles not only preserved the antioxidant benefits of quercetin, but also demonstrated a stronger antibacterial effect against acne-causing bacteria compared to quercetin alone.
In an exploratory clinical trial involving 20 participants with acne, we observed considerable improvements. The results revealed a 77.9% reduction in inflammatory lesions and significant decreases in both non-inflammatory lesions and total acne lesions. These findings suggest that our vitamin C-based formula holds promise in managing acne and could potentially be used for other skin conditions in the future.
Read More
9
Vitamin C reduces facial sebum
Assessment of Combined Ascorbyl Palmitate (AP) and Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate (SAP) on Facial Skin Sebum Control in Female Healthy Volunteers.
We conducted a study to explore the effectiveness of two forms of vitamin C—ascorbyl palmitate (AP) and sodium ascorbyl phosphate (SAP)—in managing sebum production on the skin. Through a single-blinded, placebo-controlled trial involving 11 healthy female volunteers, we compared the effects of a multiple emulsion containing these compounds with a control that lacked them.
Over 90 days, participants applied the vitamin C formulation to one cheek and the control to the other. We measured sebum levels using a non-invasive device called a Sebumeter at different time intervals. Our results demonstrated that the combination of AP and SAP achieved notable antioxidant activity and effectively reduced facial oiliness compared to the control.
Ultimately, we found that incorporating vitamin C into skincare routines can be a promising solution for controlling excess facial sebum, which is often linked to oily skin and acne. However, while the study highlights the role of these antioxidants in sebum regulation, it does not provide a definitive conclusion on their isolated effects solely for acne treatment.
Read More
9
Zinc ascorbate aids acne treatment
Susceptibility of Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients with acne vulgaris to zinc ascorbate and antibiotics.
We explored the effectiveness of a vitamin C derivative, zinc ascorbate, for treating acne. This study focused on its in vitro antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, the bacteria often responsible for acne breakouts.
The researchers tested zinc ascorbate alone and in combination with popular antibiotics like clindamycin, widely used in Japan for acne treatment. They examined how these combinations worked against various strains of P. acnes, including those resistant to clindamycin.
Findings indicated that zinc ascorbate can effectively inhibit the growth of P. acnes, even in clindamycin-resistant strains. Notably, when combined with clindamycin, zinc ascorbate demonstrated an additive effect, enhancing its overall antimicrobial effectiveness.
Overall, this research suggests that incorporating zinc ascorbate could be a promising strategy for acne treatment, especially in conjunction with traditional antibiotics.
Read More
9
Vitamin C shows effectiveness for acne
Sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate 5% lotion for the treatment of acne vulgaris: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.
In our recent study, we set out to explore the effectiveness of a 5% sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate lotion, a stable form of vitamin C, for treating acne. We conducted a double-blind, controlled trial with 50 participants over 12 weeks, where half used the vitamin C lotion and the other half received a placebo.
Our findings revealed significant improvements in acne symptoms for those using the vitamin C lotion compared to the placebo group. We measured outcomes through various assessments, including a global evaluation by investigators and self-reported assessments by the subjects, along with lesion counts.
The results showed that the vitamin C lotion was not only effective but also well-tolerated, with side effects similar to those seen with the placebo. This adds a promising tool to the options available for acne treatment, suggesting that vitamin C might play a valuable role in skincare regimens aimed at combating acne.
Overall, our study supports the idea that vitamin C, in the form of sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate, can help reduce acne, making it a noteworthy addition to acne treatment strategies.
Excellent vitamin C with an appropriate dosage; it isn’t excessive. I required the supplement to aid in the recovery of my skin from post-acne; clearly, an integrated approach is essential, as I can't manage this alone.
Read More
9
Restoring skin
Excellent vitamin C with an appropriate dosage; it isn’t excessive. I required the supplement to aid in the recovery of my skin from post-acne; clearly, an integrated approach is essential, as I can't manage this alone.
Read More
7
Restoring skin
Excellent vitamin C with an appropriate dosage; it isn’t excessive. I required the supplement to aid in the recovery of my skin from post-acne; clearly, an integrated approach is essential, as I can't manage this alone.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
Acne is a common skin condition that affects people of all ages, though it's especially prevalent among teenagers and young adults. It occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells, leading to the formation of pimples, blackheads, and cysts. The main factors contributing to acne include excess oil production, hormonal changes, and the presence of bacteria on the skin. Acne can manifest in various forms, from mild cases with just a few breakouts to more severe forms that can cause significant inflammation and scarring.
Treatment for acne varies depending on its severity and can range from over-the-counter topical treatments like benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid to prescription medications including retinoids and antibiotics. Lifestyle adjustments, such as maintaining a balanced diet and proper skin hygiene, may also contribute to managing and reducing breakouts. Despite being a common skin issue, the psychological impact of acne should not be underestimated, as it can affect self-esteem and overall quality of life.
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a critical role in numerous bodily functions. As an essential nutrient, it contributes to the growth and repair of tissues in the body, and it is vital for the production of collagen, an important protein that helps maintain skin, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels. Additionally, Vitamin C acts as a powerful antioxidant, which means it helps combat free radicals—unstable molecules that can cause oxidative stress and contribute to various chronic diseases.
Moreover, Vitamin C enhances iron absorption from plant-based foods, making it a vital component for those following vegetarian or vegan diets. While many people get sufficient Vitamin C from a well-balanced diet that includes fruits and vegetables like oranges, strawberries, kiwi, broccoli, and bell peppers, some individuals might require supplementation. It's generally recommended to stay within the daily intake guidelines, as excessive consumption can lead to gastrointestinal disturbances. Overall, Vitamin C is not just a skincare celebrity—it's a fundamental part of maintaining overall health and well-being.
Vitamin C is widely recognized for its antioxidant properties and its role in collagen synthesis, making it a popular ingredient in many skincare products. When it comes to acne, Vitamin C can offer multiple benefits. It helps in reducing inflammation associated with acne breakouts and can speed up the healing process, resulting in fewer post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation marks. Additionally, its antioxidant properties can help protect the skin from free radical damage and may improve skin texture.
However, while Vitamin C can support an acne treatment regimen, it is not a standalone solution for acne management. It's essential to combine it with other proven acne-fighting ingredients like salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide for optimal results. Always perform a patch test before incorporating new products into your skincare routine, as Vitamin C can sometimes cause irritation for those with sensitive skin. If you're considering adding Vitamin C to your acne treatment regime, look for serums or creams that are specifically formulated for acne-prone skin.
The timeline for seeing results from Vitamin C for acne can vary considerably depending on several factors, including the formulation of the Vitamin C product you're using, the severity of your acne, and your individual skin type. Many users report seeing improvements in their skin tone and texture within four to six weeks of consistent use. However, some may notice a more gradual improvement that can take up to three months to manifest. It's important to keep in mind that Vitamin C is typically more effective as part of a broader skincare regimen, which might include other treatments for acne.
While Vitamin C can be beneficial for reducing redness and promoting overall skin health, it's not a standalone solution for acne. If you are using Vitamin C, pay attention to how your skin responds and consider combining it with other acne-targeting treatments for best results. Additionally, routine use combined with a consistent skincare routine may yield the best outcome, so patience and adherence to your regimen are key. If you're unsure about your approach or have persistent acne, consulting with a dermatologist could provide further personalized guidance.
Based on various scientific studies, vitamin C has emerged as a promising option in managing acne and its associated issues. Research indicates that topical formulations containing vitamin C, particularly sodium ascorbyl phosphate, have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing acne lesions. A study involving a 5% sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate lotion showed significant improvement in acne symptoms among participants compared to those using a placebo over a 12-week period [14]. Additionally, another study highlights its antimicrobial properties, showing a log reduction of bacteria responsible for acne, specifically Propionibacterium acnes, when applying sodium ascorbyl phosphate [16].
While vitamin C shows potential, it may perform better when combined with other treatments rather than as a standalone solution. For example, a combination of vitamin C with other agents, like adapalene, demonstrated improved efficacy in managing acne [9]. However, some studies also indicate that its effectiveness can vary; while it may help with inflammation and sebum production, further exploration is necessary to solidify its role specifically for acne treatment [11]. Overall, the emerging data suggest that vitamin C can be a beneficial component in acne treatment strategies, especially when incorporated into a comprehensive skincare regimen.
Users have reported positive improvements in their skin health, particularly in the context of recovery from post-acne symptoms. For instance, one user noted that the vitamin C supplement aided in their skin recovery, emphasizing that the appropriate dosage plays a crucial role in its effectiveness Read Review. Others echoed this sentiment, suggesting that while the vitamin C is beneficial, it should be part of a more comprehensive skincare strategy Read Review.
Overall, users highlight the importance of integrating vitamin C into their routine, as it seems to enhance skin recovery efforts when combined with other strategies. Another review reiterated this notion, underscoring the necessity of taking a holistic approach to skincare for optimal results Read Review. However, it's essential to remember that individual results can vary significantly, and what works for one person might not work for another.
Research suggests that vitamin C, particularly in its stable forms like sodium ascorbyl phosphate (SAP), can be effective in treating acne. A study utilizing a 5% sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate lotion found significant improvements in acne symptoms over a 12-week period compared to a placebo, indicating its potential as a valuable tool in acne treatment strategies [14]. Additionally, SAP demonstrated strong antimicrobial properties, effectively reducing the growth of acne-causing bacteria [16].
However, while vitamin C can enhance acne treatments, it may not be the sole solution. Combining it with other ingredients, such as vitamin E and B3, can maximize its effects and bring about a synergistic benefit [15]. Ultimately, while a dose of around 5% appears effective, incorporating vitamin C into a broader skincare regimen might yield the best results for acne sufferers.
9
Restoring skin
2 people found this helpful
Excellent vitamin C with an appropriate dosage; it isn’t excessive. I required the supplement to aid in the recovery of my skin from post-acne; clearly, an integrated approach is essential, as I can't manage this alone.
9
Restoring skin
Excellent vitamin C with an appropriate dosage; it isn’t excessive. I required the supplement to aid in the recovery of my skin from post-acne; clearly, an integrated approach is essential, as I can't manage this alone.
7
Restoring skin
Excellent vitamin C with an appropriate dosage; it isn’t excessive. I required the supplement to aid in the recovery of my skin from post-acne; clearly, an integrated approach is essential, as I can't manage this alone.
9
Vitamin C shows effectiveness for acne
Sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate 5% lotion for the treatment of acne vulgaris: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.
In our recent study, we set out to explore the effectiveness of a 5% sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate lotion, a stable form of vitamin C, for treating acne. We conducted a double-blind, controlled trial with 50 participants over 12 weeks, where half used the vitamin C lotion and the other half received a placebo.
Our findings revealed significant improvements in acne symptoms for those using the vitamin C lotion compared to the placebo group. We measured outcomes through various assessments, including a global evaluation by investigators and self-reported assessments by the subjects, along with lesion counts.
The results showed that the vitamin C lotion was not only effective but also well-tolerated, with side effects similar to those seen with the placebo. This adds a promising tool to the options available for acne treatment, suggesting that vitamin C might play a valuable role in skincare regimens aimed at combating acne.
Overall, our study supports the idea that vitamin C, in the form of sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate, can help reduce acne, making it a noteworthy addition to acne treatment strategies.
9
Sodium ascorbyl phosphate for acne
Sodium ascorbyl phosphate shows in vitro and in vivo efficacy in the prevention and treatment of acne vulgaris.
We explored the potential of sodium ascorbyl phosphate (SAP), a stable form of vitamin C, in preventing and treating acne vulgaris. The study included a time-kill analysis showing that a 1% SAP formulation reduced the harmful bacteria Propionibacterium acnes by a significant log reduction of 5 after 8 hours. This demonstrates the strong antimicrobial properties of SAP against acne-causing bacteria.
Additionally, we observed an in vivo study with 20 participants, where the SAP formulation effectively prevented up to 40% of UVA-induced sebum oxidation, suggesting it can help reduce inflammation associated with acne. In another open-label study involving 60 volunteers over 12 weeks, a 5% SAP lotion was rated as excellent or good in effectiveness by 76.9% of the participants, outperforming a commonly prescribed acne treatment.
Overall, our findings indicate that sodium ascorbyl phosphate could serve as an effective, non-antibiotic option for both the prevention and treatment of acne, making it an attractive addition to cosmetic products due to its lack of side effects.
7
Vitamin C synergizes with adapalene
A synergistic approach of adapalene-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers, and vitamin C co-administration for treating acne.
We explored the potential benefits of using vitamin C alongside adapalene, a well-known topical treatment for acne. This study focused on creating a gel that combines nanostructured lipid carriers loaded with adapalene and vitamin C. By using a method called high pressure homogenization, researchers prepared these carriers to effectively deliver the active ingredients through the skin.
The results showed that the combination of the two active components improved the targeting of the epidermal layer of the skin, which is where acne develops. Additionally, the introduction of vitamin C appeared to provide an adjunct effect in the treatment of acne in male Wistar rats. We noted that while vitamin C is widely recognized for its skin benefits, this study emphasized its role when used with adapalene rather than as a standalone treatment.
Overall, this research highlights the synergetic effect of vitamin C in conjunction with adapalene for acne therapy under physiological conditions, suggesting that combining these agents could enhance the effectiveness of topical acne treatments.
4
APS and its inflammatory effects
L-Ascorbyl-2-phosphate attenuates NF-κB signaling in SZ95 sebocytes without affecting IL-6 and IL-8 secretion.
We aimed to understand the role of L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate (APS), a form of vitamin C, in reducing acne-related inflammation. Our research focused on how APS interacts with key inflammatory cytokines, specifically interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), in SZ95 sebocytes, which are skin cells involved in acne.
Through our investigation, we found that IL-1β significantly encouraged the production of inflammatory markers like IL-6 and IL-8 in these sebocytes. While TNF-α also increased IL-6 and IL-8 expression, it was IL-1β that prompted their secretion. It was noteworthy that IL-1β activated NF-κB signaling, a crucial pathway for cytokine expression, while TNF-α did not trigger this response.
When we treated the sebocytes with APS alongside IL-1β and TNF-α, APS successfully diminished the gene expression of IL-6 and IL-8 and also reduced the activation of NF-κB induced by IL-1β. However, it did not lower the actual secretion of IL-6 and IL-8, likely because IL-1β still activated another pathway known as p38, which plays a role in promoting IL-8 secretion.
In summary, while APS appears to help by reducing NF-κB signaling in sebocytes, it does not significantly diminish the secretion of inflammatory cytokines involved in acne. This suggests that the benefits of APS for acne treatment may operate through different pathways rather than solely lowering inflammatory markers.
We explored the effectiveness of vitamin C in treating acne, focusing on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbic acid, is a natural component of our skin and plays a vital role in protecting it from oxidative stress.
Our findings highlight that vitamin C can be beneficial for acne control, although to truly maximize its effects, proper formulations are essential. The study indicates that when used in combination with other vitamins such as E and B3, vitamin C may have enhanced efficacy.
However, it's important to note that while vitamin C shows promise, it should be viewed as part of a broader skincare routine rather than a standalone solution for acne treatment.
References
Sharara MA, Fawaz GA, El Samahy MH. Efficacy of tranexamic acid solution versus vitamin C solution after micro-needling in treatment of persistent post acne erythema: a split face clinical and 3DAntera camera comparative study. Arch Dermatol Res. 2024;317:150. doi:10.1007/s00403-024-03582-0
Golonka I, Łukasiewicz IW, Sebastiańczyk A, Greber KE, Sawicki W, et al. The Influence of the Amphiphilic Properties of Peptides on the Phosphatidylinositol Monolayer in the Presence of Ascorbic Acid. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. doi:10.3390/ijms252312484
Hu JK, Quinonez RL, Antasiuk V, Waibel J. Treatment of Acne Vulgaris-Associated Post-Inflammatory Dyschromia With Combination of Non-Ablative Laser Therapy and Topical Antioxidants. J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23:769. doi:10.36849/JDD.8309
Abbas MAM, Elgamal EEAE, Zaky MS, Elsaie ML. Microneedling with topical vitamin C versus microneedling with topical insulin in the treatment of atrophic post-acne scars: A split-face study. Dermatol Ther. 2022;35:e15376. doi:10.1111/dth.15376
Sawutdeechaikul P, Kanokrungsee S, Sahaspot T, Thadvibun K, Banlunara W, et al. Detachable dissolvable microneedles: intra-epidermal and intradermal diffusion, effect on skin surface, and application in hyperpigmentation treatment. Sci Rep. 2021;11:24114. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-03503-5
Amer SS, Nasr M, Abdel-Aziz RTA, Moftah NH, El Shaer A, et al. Cosm-nutraceutical nanovesicles for acne treatment: Physicochemical characterization and exploratory clinical experimentation. Int J Pharm. 2020;577:119092. doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119092
Vasanth S, Dubey A, G S R, Lewis SA, Ghate VM, et al. Development and Investigation of Vitamin C-Enriched Adapalene-Loaded Transfersome Gel: a Collegial Approach for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2020;21:61. doi:10.1208/s12249-019-1518-5
Khan H, Akhtar N, Ali A. Assessment of Combined Ascorbyl Palmitate (AP) and Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate (SAP) on Facial Skin Sebum Control in Female Healthy Volunteers. Drug Res (Stuttg). 2017;67:52. doi:10.1055/s-0042-118171
Jain A, Garg NK, Jain A, Kesharwani P, Jain AK, et al. A synergistic approach of adapalene-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers, and vitamin C co-administration for treating acne. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2016;42:897. doi:10.3109/03639045.2015.1104343
Lee WJ, Kim SL, Choe YS, Jang YH, Lee SJ, et al. Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate Regulates the Expression of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cultured Sebocytes. Ann Dermatol. 2015;27:376. doi:10.5021/ad.2015.27.4.376
Ikeno H, Apel M, Zouboulis C, Luger TA, Böhm M. L-Ascorbyl-2-phosphate attenuates NF-κB signaling in SZ95 sebocytes without affecting IL-6 and IL-8 secretion. Arch Dermatol Res. 2015;307:595. doi:10.1007/s00403-015-1565-z
Chawla S. Split Face Comparative Study of Microneedling with PRP Versus Microneedling with Vitamin C in Treating Atrophic Post Acne Scars. J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2014;7:209. doi:10.4103/0974-2077.150742
Iinuma K, Noguchi N, Nakaminami H, Sasatsu M, Nishijima S, et al. Susceptibility of Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients with acne vulgaris to zinc ascorbate and antibiotics. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2011;4:161. doi:10.2147/CCID.S23840
Woolery-Lloyd H, Baumann L, Ikeno H. Sodium L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate 5% lotion for the treatment of acne vulgaris: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2010;9:22. doi:10.1111/j.1473-2165.2010.00480.x
Burgess C. Topical vitamins. J Drugs Dermatol. 2008;7:s2.
Klock J, Ikeno H, Ohmori K, Nishikawa T, Vollhardt J, et al. Sodium ascorbyl phosphate shows in vitro and in vivo efficacy in the prevention and treatment of acne vulgaris. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2005;27:171. doi:10.1111/j.1467-2494.2005.00263.x