Associations of dietary magnesium intake with the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and mortality in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes: A prospective study in the UK Biobank.
We investigated the link between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of heart disease and death in over 149,000 individuals, including those with type 2 diabetes. Through careful analysis over a median of 12 years, we found that higher magnesium intake was associated with significantly lower risks of heart disease and mortality in individuals with diabetes.
However, this benefit wasn't seen in those without diabetes. Our findings highlight the potential for magnesium to play a crucial role in health management for people living with type 2 diabetes, signaling the need for tailored dietary guidance.
Read More
9
Magnesium/Copper sponge accelerates healing
Chondroitin sulfate sponge scaffold for slow-release Mg/Cu in diabetic wound management: Hemostasis, effusion absorption, and healing.
We explored the effectiveness of a chondroitin sulfate sponge designed for managing diabetic wounds. This sponge was created to slowly release magnesium and copper ions, aiming to reduce inflammation and speed up healing.
Our findings showed that this innovative sponge significantly enhanced wound healing by accelerating collagen production and new blood vessel formation.
With an impressive absorption capacity, this sponge provides a promising, advanced method for overcoming the challenges of diabetic wound management and has important clinical implications.
Read More
8
Magnesium deficiency affects diabetes control
Hypomagnesemia in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.
We looked into how magnesium levels relate to diabetes, specifically focusing on adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Conducted as a cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 294 individuals, including T2DM patients, prediabetics, and nondiabetic controls. Our goal was to uncover the prevalence of magnesium deficiency and its potential effects on various metabolic factors.
The findings revealed a striking difference in magnesium levels across the groups. T2DM patients exhibited notably lower magnesium than those with prediabetes and nondiabetic controls. This deficiency was linked to worse metabolic outcomes, including higher fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, as well as increased insulin resistance.
We noted a strong negative correlation between magnesium levels and both glucose and HbA1c, suggesting that as magnesium levels decrease, diabetes control worsens. Interestingly, our analysis indicated that magnesium levels could effectively predict higher HbA1c values, highlighting the need for regular monitoring of magnesium in diabetes management.
While our study emphasizes the significant impact of magnesium deficiency on the metabolic health of T2DM patients, it also opens the door for further exploration regarding the benefits of magnesium supplementation in diabetes care. Overall, these insights push us to consider the broader implications of maintaining proper magnesium levels for better diabetes management.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Supports health functions
Magnesium is crucial for the proper functioning of muscles, nerves, bones, and blood sugar levels. A deficiency can heighten the risk of serious health problems, including heart attacks, strokes, and diabetes. This product is excellent, and I highly recommend it for its quality.
Read More
9
Excellent for diabetes
I ordered Magnesium Malate for my mother, who has diabetes. I have been impressed with iHerb products; they are fantastic. I recommend them without reservation.
Read More
9
Improves insulin absorption
This product has been a great help with my type 1 diabetes, supporting better insulin absorption.
We explored the effectiveness of a chondroitin sulfate sponge designed for managing diabetic wounds. This sponge was created to slowly release magnesium and copper ions, aiming to reduce inflammation and speed up healing.
Our findings showed that this innovative sponge significantly enhanced wound healing by accelerating collagen production and new blood vessel formation.
With an impressive absorption capacity, this sponge provides a promising, advanced method for overcoming the challenges of diabetic wound management and has important clinical implications.
Read More
8
Magnesium deficiency affects diabetes control
Hypomagnesemia in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.
We looked into how magnesium levels relate to diabetes, specifically focusing on adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Conducted as a cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 294 individuals, including T2DM patients, prediabetics, and nondiabetic controls. Our goal was to uncover the prevalence of magnesium deficiency and its potential effects on various metabolic factors.
The findings revealed a striking difference in magnesium levels across the groups. T2DM patients exhibited notably lower magnesium than those with prediabetes and nondiabetic controls. This deficiency was linked to worse metabolic outcomes, including higher fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, as well as increased insulin resistance.
We noted a strong negative correlation between magnesium levels and both glucose and HbA1c, suggesting that as magnesium levels decrease, diabetes control worsens. Interestingly, our analysis indicated that magnesium levels could effectively predict higher HbA1c values, highlighting the need for regular monitoring of magnesium in diabetes management.
While our study emphasizes the significant impact of magnesium deficiency on the metabolic health of T2DM patients, it also opens the door for further exploration regarding the benefits of magnesium supplementation in diabetes care. Overall, these insights push us to consider the broader implications of maintaining proper magnesium levels for better diabetes management.
Read More
8
Magnesium improves diabetic gastric function
Involvement of γ-Aminobutyric Acid and N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptors in Diabetic Gastropathy in Rats: Possible Beneficial Effect of Prolonged Treatment with Insulin and Magnesium Supplement.
We investigated how magnesium affects diabetes, particularly focusing on its role in gastrointestinal function. In our study, we observed the effects of magnesium supplements in combination with insulin treatment on type 2 diabetic rats. The experiment involved four groups of male Wistar rats, including a control group, a group with diabetes, and two groups receiving magnesium and insulin treatment, respectively.
Our findings showed that in diabetic rats, the levels of certain receptors in the stomach, specifically GABA-A, GABA-B, and NMDA, were significantly altered. Magnesium treatment alone was particularly effective, as it improved both nitric oxide synthase, which is involved in stomach function, and GABA receptor levels, bringing them back towards normal. Meanwhile, insulin treatment showed some positive effects but did not significantly change the NMDA receptor levels.
Overall, our results indicate that magnesium may play a crucial role in enhancing gastric function and could help alleviate gastrointestinal issues often seen in diabetes. While insulin treatment also had benefits, magnesium's effects appeared more pronounced in restoring receptor functions in diabetic rats.
Read More
8
Magnesium promotes diabetic wound healing
A tranexamic acid-functionalized acellular dermal matrix sponge co-loaded with magnesium ions: Enhancing hemostasis, vascular regeneration, and re-epithelialization for comprehensive diabetic wound healing.
We explored the impact of a new sponge treatment for diabetic wounds that blends tranexamic acid with magnesium ions. This multifunctional scaffold, known as PT@Mg, showed promise in reducing inflammation and preventing excessive blood seepage, both common issues in diabetic wounds.
Our findings reveal that the PT@Mg sponge not only absorbs blood but also promotes faster healing by encouraging collagen formation and new blood vessel growth. This indicates that magnesium can effectively aid in diabetic wound healing by enhancing tissue repair and reducing inflammation.
Read More
8
Magnesium may protect liver health
Association between dietary magnesium intake and liver fibrosis among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES database.
We explored the relationship between dietary magnesium and liver fibrosis in type 2 diabetes patients, using data from the NHANES 2017-2018 survey.
Out of nearly 1,000 participants, we found that higher magnesium intake significantly reduced the odds of liver fibrosis, particularly among those with a history of liver fat accumulation.
These findings suggest that incorporating more magnesium-rich foods or supplements could support liver health in diabetes management. However, further studies are needed to confirm these results.
Magnesium is crucial for the proper functioning of muscles, nerves, bones, and blood sugar levels. A deficiency can heighten the risk of serious health problems, including heart attacks, strokes, and diabetes. This product is excellent, and I highly recommend it for its quality.
Read More
9
Excellent for diabetes
I ordered Magnesium Malate for my mother, who has diabetes. I have been impressed with iHerb products; they are fantastic. I recommend them without reservation.
Read More
9
Improves insulin absorption
This product has been a great help with my type 1 diabetes, supporting better insulin absorption.
Read More
7.5
Prevents chronic diseases
1 people found this helpful
Magnesium is an essential supplement that has often been overlooked. Recent studies indicate that low magnesium levels are linked to various chronic diseases. If you experience fatigue, anxiety, headaches, cramps, or menstrual discomfort, magnesium could be beneficial. It may help in preventing chronic conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular issues, and more.
Read More
7.5
Promotes heart health
This supplement helps normalise heartbeat and supports the nervous system. It lowers cholesterol, assists in weight loss, and provides a boost of energy. Importantly, it plays a role in the prevention of heart diseases and diabetes.
Diabetes is a chronic medical condition that occurs when the body either does not produce enough insulin or cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that helps glucose from food enter the cells, providing them with energy. When diabetes is present, it leads to elevated levels of glucose in the blood, which can cause serious health complications if left unmanaged. There are primarily two types: Type 1 diabetes, which is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks insulin-producing cells, and Type 2 diabetes, which is often associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity and lack of physical activity, leading to insulin resistance.
Managing diabetes typically involves a combination of lifestyle changes, such as a balanced diet and regular exercise, along with monitoring blood sugar levels and, in many cases, medication or insulin therapy. Education is crucial for those with diabetes to understand how their condition works and how to manage it effectively. The goal of diabetes management is to keep blood sugar levels within a target range, helping to prevent complications such as heart disease, nerve damage, and kidney failure. Regular check-ups and consultations with healthcare professionals are essential to ensure optimal care.
Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a lightweight, silvery-white metal that is a member of the alkaline earth metals group. Often classified as one of the most abundant elements in the Earth's crust, magnesium plays a crucial role in various biological functions and is essential for living organisms. In nature, magnesium can be found in large quantities, primarily in minerals such as dolomite and magnesite, and it is also present in seawater.
In terms of health benefits, magnesium is vital for numerous metabolic processes, including energy production, DNA synthesis, and muscle function. It contributes to bone health, helps regulate blood pressure, and supports bone formation by promoting the effects of vitamin D. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for magnesium varies by age and gender, but it is generally important to include magnesium-rich foods like leafy greens, nuts, seeds, and whole grains in your diet to ensure adequate intake. For those who may not receive enough magnesium through their diet alone, supplements are also available; however, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplementation.
Magnesium plays a crucial role in maintaining various bodily functions, including the regulation of blood sugar levels. Several studies have suggested that individuals with higher magnesium intake may have a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Magnesium is thought to improve insulin sensitivity, which means that the body's cells can better respond to insulin and more effectively utilize glucose for energy. This can be particularly beneficial for individuals managing diabetes, as improved insulin sensitivity is key to blood sugar control.
However, while magnesium supplementation could provide certain benefits for blood sugar management, it’s important to approach this understanding with caution. Individuals should consult healthcare professionals before starting any new supplements, as excessive magnesium can lead to adverse effects, including gastrointestinal issues and potential interactions with certain medications. In summary, while there is promising evidence that magnesium may help with diabetes management, it should be considered part of a comprehensive approach to diet and lifestyle changes rather than a standalone solution.
Recent scientific research has shown that magnesium supplementation can play a beneficial role in managing diabetes, with multiple studies highlighting its potential effects on metabolic health. For instance, a clinical trial found that magnesium-enriched water led to significant improvements in insulin levels and triglycerides among individuals dealing with diabetes, suggesting that maintaining adequate magnesium levels may help support blood sugar regulation and overall metabolic status [1]. Additionally, a cross-sectional study focused on patients with type 2 diabetes revealed that low magnesium levels were closely associated with poorer metabolic outcomes, including increased fasting glucose and insulin resistance [3].
Moreover, magnesium supplementation appears to have a favorable influence on additional aspects of diabetic health, such as lipid profiles and heart health. One study noted that participants who incorporated magnesium-rich foods saw notable decreases in cholesterol levels, which are crucial for diabetes management [5]. Other research suggests a clear link between magnesium intake and reduced risks of heart disease among those with diabetes, emphasizing the mineral's importance in overall health management for this population [18]. However, while the evidence is promising, it is important to note that further randomized controlled trials are needed to fully establish the efficacy of magnesium as a standalone treatment for diabetes.
Based on user reviews, many individuals have reported notable improvements in their symptoms after using magnesium supplements. Users indicate that magnesium has played a significant role in enhancing insulin absorption, particularly for those with diabetes. For example, one review specifically mentioned that it has been a "great help" with type 1 diabetes, suggesting a positive impact on glucose management Read Review. Additionally, users have expressed that magnesium supplementation may alleviate common ailments such as fatigue, anxiety, and menstrual discomfort, possibly contributing to an overall increase in well-being Read Review.
Furthermore, users have pointed out that magnesium can aid in preventing chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular issues. One user noted improvements in energy levels and normal heartbeat stability, while others highlighted magnesium's important role in bone health and metabolic processes Read Review. While these anecdotal experiences suggest that magnesium may offer a variety of benefits, it is essential to remember that individual results can vary, and it may not work the same way for everyone.
Users have reported positive experiences when combining magnesium supplements with other products for managing diabetes. Many reviewers emphasized magnesium's critical role in enhancing insulin absorption, which is particularly beneficial for individuals with type 1 diabetes. For instance, one user noted that magnesium has been a "great help" with their type 1 diabetes, suggesting improved glucose management alongside their current regimen Read Review. Other users expressed general satisfaction with the synergy of magnesium, highlighting its importance in regulating blood sugar levels and potentially preventing the onset of type 2 diabetes Read Review.
Furthermore, health-conscious users have mentioned that magnesium supplementation can complement their overall approach to diabetes management by alleviating various symptoms associated with the condition, including fatigue and anxiety Read Review. Some even reported additional benefits, such as improved energy levels and cardiovascular health, which underscores the multifaceted nature of magnesium's impact Read Review. Overall, users advocate for magnesium as a valuable addition to a diabetes management plan, often recommending it alongside conventional treatments.
Research suggests that an optimal dose of magnesium for treating diabetes may be around 80 mg per day. In a clinical trial exploring the effects of magnesium-enriched water, participants with diabetes who consumed 80 mg of magnesium daily experienced improvements in various health markers, such as insulin levels and triglycerides, over a four-week period [1]. Additionally, another study highlighted a clear link between magnesium deficiency and poorer metabolic outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients, emphasizing the importance of maintaining adequate magnesium levels for effective diabetes management [3].
While there is not a universally defined “one-size-fits-all” dose for magnesium supplementation in diabetes due to individual differences in magnesium absorption and medical conditions, these findings imply that ensuring magnesium intake around 80 mg may contribute positively to managing diabetes. Regular monitoring of magnesium levels is recommended, especially for individuals at risk of deficiency, to support their metabolic health and overall well-being [3].
9
Improves insulin absorption
This product has been a great help with my type 1 diabetes, supporting better insulin absorption.
7.5
Prevents chronic diseases
1 people found this helpful
Magnesium is an essential supplement that has often been overlooked. Recent studies indicate that low magnesium levels are linked to various chronic diseases. If you experience fatigue, anxiety, headaches, cramps, or menstrual discomfort, magnesium could be beneficial. It may help in preventing chronic conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular issues, and more.
6
Reduces diabetes risk
Magnesium is beneficial for absorbing calcium, activating vitamin D in the kidneys, which is vital for bone health. It metabolises carbohydrates and glucose, thereby decreasing the risk of type 2 diabetes and cutting down fatty deposits in arteries.
7.5
Promotes heart health
This supplement helps normalise heartbeat and supports the nervous system. It lowers cholesterol, assists in weight loss, and provides a boost of energy. Importantly, it plays a role in the prevention of heart diseases and diabetes.
7
Magnesium water enhances metabolic health
Effects of deep ocean-derived magnesium-enhanced water on metabolic diseases with microbiome changes.
We explored the effects of magnesium (Mg) derived from deep ocean sources on adults dealing with hypertension, diabetes, or high cholesterol in a carefully designed clinical trial. Participants consumed either magnesium-enriched water (MEW) with 80 mg of Mg or a placebo containing only 6 mg of Mg daily for four weeks.
Throughout the study, we observed that MEW led to notable improvements in several health markers, such as body mass index (BMI), insulin levels, triglycerides, and fatigue. Interestingly, regardless of magnesium levels in the water, consuming more fluids helped reduce harmful substances in the body, like a byproduct of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and an oxidative stress indicator called malondialdehyde.
Moreover, we noted significant changes in the gut microbiome of those drinking MEW, indicating a more diverse and balanced microbial environment. The presence of beneficial bacteria associated with magnesium intake suggested potential long-term health benefits, implying that MEW could play a role in preventing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
Overall, it seems that magnesium-enriched water not only supports metabolic health but may also enhance gut flora, which is crucial for maintaining overall wellness.
8
Magnesium deficiency affects diabetes control
Hypomagnesemia in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.
We looked into how magnesium levels relate to diabetes, specifically focusing on adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Conducted as a cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 294 individuals, including T2DM patients, prediabetics, and nondiabetic controls. Our goal was to uncover the prevalence of magnesium deficiency and its potential effects on various metabolic factors.
The findings revealed a striking difference in magnesium levels across the groups. T2DM patients exhibited notably lower magnesium than those with prediabetes and nondiabetic controls. This deficiency was linked to worse metabolic outcomes, including higher fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, as well as increased insulin resistance.
We noted a strong negative correlation between magnesium levels and both glucose and HbA1c, suggesting that as magnesium levels decrease, diabetes control worsens. Interestingly, our analysis indicated that magnesium levels could effectively predict higher HbA1c values, highlighting the need for regular monitoring of magnesium in diabetes management.
While our study emphasizes the significant impact of magnesium deficiency on the metabolic health of T2DM patients, it also opens the door for further exploration regarding the benefits of magnesium supplementation in diabetes care. Overall, these insights push us to consider the broader implications of maintaining proper magnesium levels for better diabetes management.
7
Magnesium's potential in diabetes
Assessing the impact of magnesium-based nutritional education on lipid profiles in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a quasi-experimental study.
We looked into how magnesium (Mg) could potentially influence lipid profiles in individuals living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In our study, thirty participants followed a three-month dietary intervention that emphasized the incorporation of magnesium-rich foods into their diet. This initiative was part of a broader effort to enhance their overall health.
Our findings showed a noteworthy trend: as magnesium intake increased, cholesterol levels, including total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, tended to decrease. This suggests that magnesium could play a beneficial role in managing lipid levels for those with T2DM. Not only can increasing magnesium be a simple dietary change, but our approach also highlights the importance of nutritional education.
We believe that educating patients on the benefits of magnesium can be an effective, low-cost strategy to improve health and wellness. Our results encourage further research with larger groups to explore how sustainable dietary magnesium interventions can impact life with diabetes over the long term.
8
Magnesium intake benefits diabetes patients
Associations of dietary magnesium intake with the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and mortality in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes: A prospective study in the UK Biobank.
We investigated the link between dietary magnesium intake and the risk of heart disease and death in over 149,000 individuals, including those with type 2 diabetes. Through careful analysis over a median of 12 years, we found that higher magnesium intake was associated with significantly lower risks of heart disease and mortality in individuals with diabetes.
However, this benefit wasn't seen in those without diabetes. Our findings highlight the potential for magnesium to play a crucial role in health management for people living with type 2 diabetes, signaling the need for tailored dietary guidance.
References
Kang H, Lee UJ, Park BY, Kim M, Yang M. Effects of deep ocean-derived magnesium-enhanced water on metabolic diseases with microbiome changes. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2025;19:103203. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103203
Smithiseth K, Leurcharusmee P, Sawaddiruk P, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn S. Unraveling the link between magnesium and diabetic neuropathy: Evidence from in vitro to clinical studies. Nutr Res. 2025;135:13. doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2025.01.005
Al-Daghri NM, Yakout SM, Hussain SD, Alnaami AM, Veronese N, et al. Hypomagnesemia in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2025;104:e41253. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000041253
Dobrovolska L, Boyarchuk O. Magnesium intake and serum magnesium concentration in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: association with glycemic control and clinical symptoms. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1477814. doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1477814
Albajri E, Almasaudi AS, Mosli HH, Hakim NA, Basaqr RO, et al. Assessing the impact of magnesium-based nutritional education on lipid profiles in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a quasi-experimental study. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025;17:3. doi:10.1186/s13098-024-01566-8
Saberi H, Mehranfard N, Rezazadeh H, Ghasemi M. Involvement of γ-Aminobutyric Acid and N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptors in Diabetic Gastropathy in Rats: Possible Beneficial Effect of Prolonged Treatment with Insulin and Magnesium Supplement. Arch Razi Inst. 2024;79:601. doi:10.32592/ARI.2024.79.3.601
Atteia HH, Ahmed SF, Askar ME, Sakr AT. Utilizing a Combination of Supplements Comprising Boric Acid, Magnesium, Vitamin D3, and Extra Virgin Olive Oil to Improve Metabolism in Menopausal Ovariectomized Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024. doi:10.1007/s12011-024-04476-y
Toaima DN, Abdel-Maksoud KS, Atef HM, Salah NY. Magnesium, fibrinolysis and clotting interplay among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus; potential mediators of diabetic microangiopathy. Nutr Diabetes. 2025;15:13. doi:10.1038/s41387-025-00368-9
Cheng Y, Zullo AR, Yin Y, Shao Y, Liu S, et al. Nonprescription Magnesium Supplement Use and Risk of Heart Failure in Patients With Diabetes: A Target Trial Emulation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14:e038870. doi:10.1161/JAHA.124.038870
Zhu F, Wen Q, Hu Y, Gong J, Zhang X, et al. Chondroitin sulfate sponge scaffold for slow-release Mg/Cu in diabetic wound management: Hemostasis, effusion absorption, and healing. Int J Biol Macromol. 2024;282:137561. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137561
Khalid S, Bashir S, Mehboob R, Anwar T, Ali M, et al. Effects of magnesium and potassium supplementation on insomnia and sleep hormones in patients with diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024;15:1370733. doi:10.3389/fendo.2024.1370733
Cao X, Lin L, Wu M, Liu J, Zhong C, et al. Interaction between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Genetic Risk Score on the Risk of Gestational Diabetes. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2024;68:e2400589. doi:10.1002/mnfr.202400589
Li T, Wen Q, Zhu F, Hu Y, Gong J, et al. A tranexamic acid-functionalized acellular dermal matrix sponge co-loaded with magnesium ions: Enhancing hemostasis, vascular regeneration, and re-epithelialization for comprehensive diabetic wound healing. Biomater Adv. 2025;167:214096. doi:10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.214096
Khalid S, Mehboob R, Bokhari SS, Ali M, Shabbir A, et al. Comparative Efficacy of Magnesium and Potassium Towards Cholesterol and Quality of Life in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomised Single-Blinded Controlled Clinical Trial. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2024;7:e511. doi:10.1002/edm2.511
Alarcón-Moreno JC, Flores-Muñoz M, Blázquez-Morales MSL, García-Rivera ME, Rodríguez-Alba JC, et al. "The effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment plus zinc and magnesium supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidants enzymes in type 2 diabetes patients: a quasi-experimental study". BMC Oral Health. 2024;24:892. doi:10.1186/s12903-024-04688-7
Chen Y, Weiqin E, Zhou J, He Z. Association between dietary magnesium intake and liver fibrosis among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES database. Magnes Res. 2024;37:33. doi:10.1684/mrh.2024.0527
Chen L, Nie J, Song H, Fu L. Association between dietary magnesium intake and all-cause mortality among patients with diabetic retinopathy: a retrospective cohort study of the NHANES 1999-2018. Magnes Res. 2024;37:22. doi:10.1684/mrh.2024.0525
Huang R, Kong X, Geng R, Wu J, Li J, et al. Associations of dietary magnesium intake with the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and mortality in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes: A prospective study in the UK Biobank. Diabetes Metab. 2024;50:101554. doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2024.101554
Rad MG, Sharifi M, Meamar R, Soltani N. Long term administration of thiamine disulfide improves FOXO1/PEPCK pathway in liver to reduce insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes rat model. Biomed Pharmacother. 2024;177:117053. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117053