We conducted a study to see if omega-3 fatty acids could help people with major depressive disorder as a standalone treatment. Over 12 weeks, 60 participants took either omega-3 supplements or a placebo.
Results showed that those taking omega-3 had lower depression scores at various points throughout the study. While there were hints of improved outcomes in terms of remission and response rates, these weren't statistically significant.
Overall, omega-3 fatty acids could be a promising alternative, but further research is necessary to confirm their effectiveness.
Read More
9
Omega-3s mitigate juvenile depression
Omega-3 alleviates behavioral and molecular changes in a mouse model of stress-induced juvenile depression.
We utilized a novel approach to study how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), part of the omega-3 fatty acids, impacts depression in young mice. By subjecting juvenile mice to different ultrasound frequencies known to induce stress, we effectively created a model that mimics the symptoms of juvenile depression.
Throughout three weeks, we monitored the behavior of these mice, some receiving an EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplement while others did not. We found that the stressed mice given the omega-3 supplement showed no signs of depression or anxiety, which was a stark contrast to the vehicle group that did experience these symptoms.
Additionally, the study indicated that the omega-3 supplementation helped in mitigating the stress responses, such as reduced inflammation in the brain and changes in metabolism. This finding suggests that omega-3 fatty acids could have a therapeutic potential for addressing juvenile depression.
Overall, our observation sheds light on the significant benefits of incorporating eicosapentaenoic acid into diets, especially for young individuals facing mental health challenges.
Read More
8
Omega-3s may enhance mental health
Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and Mental Health in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults.
We explored the relationship between omega-3 fatty acids and mental health using data from over 102,000 participants in the UK Biobank. Our analysis showed that higher plasma levels of omega-3s were linked to a lower risk of depression and anxiety. Specifically, those with the highest levels exhibited a significant reduction in depressive symptoms and better brain white matter microstructure. This suggests that omega-3 fatty acids may play an important role in enhancing mental well-being, supporting their use as a potential intervention for mental health issues.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Mood improvement
211 people found this helpful
I have tried numerous omega brands and this one is by far my favourite. If you take 2 capsules daily, it lasts two months, which is quite economical. I experience a light citrus burp instead of fishy, which is a plus. It has improved my hair and nails and helped my post-Covid depression significantly. The packaging is excellent and the capsules, though large and straw-yellow, are easy to swallow. Drinking omega is advisable for everyone, as it truly enhances health and mood.
Read More
9
Citrus burp benefit
101 people found this helpful
I experience a light citrus burp, which is a definite plus compared to the usual fishy taste. My hair and nails have improved, and it alleviated my mild depression post-Covid. The packaging is good with a protective membrane. The capsules are large but easy to swallow.
Read More
7.5
Reduced fear
37 people found this helpful
I gave this product to a friend who suffers from fear and panic. I've used it for nearly a month, and it has significantly reduced my fear and improved my mood. I highly recommend it if you’re struggling.
Exosomes Derived from DPA-treated UCMSCs Attenuated Depression-like Behaviors and Neuroinflammation in a Model of Depression Induced by Chronic Stress.
We explored the therapeutic benefits of eicosapentaenoic acid (DPA) in treating depression, particularly in relation to exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to induce depression-like behaviors in the study, which highlighted the role of neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter deficiencies in this condition.
Through our analysis, we observed that DPA not only improved the effectiveness of exosomes but also significantly alleviated symptoms of depression. The therapy showed a remarkable ability to suppress the harmful activation of specific immune cells in the brain, known as M1 microglia, which are often linked to inflammation. Additionally, DPA helped restore levels of important neurotransmitters, including serotonin and dopamine.
Furthermore, in laboratory tests, the exosomes treated with DPA demonstrated better protective effects against cell death and inflammation-induced damage. Mechanistically, this positive outcome was attributed to DPA’s ability to enhance the expression of a particular microRNA that plays a role in reducing inflammation pathways.
Overall, our findings suggest that DPA treatment combined with exosomes not only addresses neuroinflammation but also promotes overall brain health. This makes it a promising avenue for developing more effective depression treatments.
Read More
9
Omega-3s mitigate juvenile depression
Omega-3 alleviates behavioral and molecular changes in a mouse model of stress-induced juvenile depression.
We utilized a novel approach to study how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), part of the omega-3 fatty acids, impacts depression in young mice. By subjecting juvenile mice to different ultrasound frequencies known to induce stress, we effectively created a model that mimics the symptoms of juvenile depression.
Throughout three weeks, we monitored the behavior of these mice, some receiving an EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplement while others did not. We found that the stressed mice given the omega-3 supplement showed no signs of depression or anxiety, which was a stark contrast to the vehicle group that did experience these symptoms.
Additionally, the study indicated that the omega-3 supplementation helped in mitigating the stress responses, such as reduced inflammation in the brain and changes in metabolism. This finding suggests that omega-3 fatty acids could have a therapeutic potential for addressing juvenile depression.
Overall, our observation sheds light on the significant benefits of incorporating eicosapentaenoic acid into diets, especially for young individuals facing mental health challenges.
Read More
9
DHA alleviates epilepsy-related depression
DHA and EPA Alleviate Epileptic Depression in PTZ-Treated Young Mice Model by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation through Regulating Microglial M2 Polarization and Improving Mitochondrial Metabolism.
We explored the impact of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on depressive symptoms associated with epilepsy in a young mouse model. Through our investigation, we fed mice a diet enriched with DHA and administered pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) to induce epilepsy. Notably, our findings indicated that both DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) significantly reduced depressive symptoms in this model, with EPA showing even greater effectiveness.
Analyzing the underlying mechanisms revealed that DHA and EPA helped repair neuronal damage and improve myelin structure in the hippocampus—the brain region vital for mood regulation. Furthermore, they tackled neuroinflammation by encouraging the polarizing of microglial cells toward a protective state and suppressing harmful inflammatory responses.
Additionally, we observed that both fatty acids decreased oxidative stress and improved mitochondrial function, which are crucial aspects of brain health. These results suggest that integrating DHA (and EPA) into dietary interventions could offer a promising strategy to alleviate depression in children with epilepsy, providing a potential pathway to enhance their quality of life.
Read More
8
EPA shows promise for depression
GPR120 internalization: a key mechanism for EPA in antidepressant action.
We investigated how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an omega-3 fatty acid found in fish oil, can influence depression. In our study with mice, we observed that administering EPA for five weeks helped reduce stress-induced neuronal damage and improved brain synaptic functions.
Additionally, EPA demonstrated its ability to lower neuroinflammation linked to depressive behaviors. The findings highlight the potential of EPA as an effective option for managing depression related to inflammation. While further research is needed, these results are promising for its future clinical applications.
Read More
8
Omega-3 improves maternal behavior
Exploring the ameliorative effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on maternal behavioral abnormalities induced by prenatal chronic restraint stress.
We aimed to understand how omega-3 fatty acids could benefit maternal behaviors affected by chronic stress during pregnancy. Our study involved three groups of rats: a control, a stress group, and a group receiving omega-3 supplementation.
The results showed that stressed rats displayed poor maternal behaviors, but omega-3 supplementation significantly improved their care for pups. It appeared to enhance the serotonin system, reduce inflammation, and aid in restoring neuronal function.
This research suggests that omega-3 fish oil might offer a promising approach to help mothers dealing with stress-related behavioral issues.
I have tried numerous omega brands and this one is by far my favourite. If you take 2 capsules daily, it lasts two months, which is quite economical. I experience a light citrus burp instead of fishy, which is a plus. It has improved my hair and nails and helped my post-Covid depression significantly. The packaging is excellent and the capsules, though large and straw-yellow, are easy to swallow. Drinking omega is advisable for everyone, as it truly enhances health and mood.
Read More
9
Citrus burp benefit
101 people found this helpful
I experience a light citrus burp, which is a definite plus compared to the usual fishy taste. My hair and nails have improved, and it alleviated my mild depression post-Covid. The packaging is good with a protective membrane. The capsules are large but easy to swallow.
Read More
7.5
Reduced fear
37 people found this helpful
I gave this product to a friend who suffers from fear and panic. I've used it for nearly a month, and it has significantly reduced my fear and improved my mood. I highly recommend it if you’re struggling.
Read More
9
Excellent omega
5 people found this helpful
This omega is the best! Taking 2 capsules daily has improved my hair and nails and resolved my depression following Covid. I appreciate the lack of fishy burps, and the capsules are manageable to swallow. This product is a game-changer!
Read More
9
Postpartum wellbeing
1 people found this helpful
This supplement is wonderful; during my postpartum period, it improved my mood and prevented depression. I didn't feel exhausted or gain excess weight. I’ve bought it more than once, and it has been beneficial.
Depression is a common and serious mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities that were once enjoyable. It can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, or background, and it goes beyond just feeling down; it can interfere significantly with daily life, impacting relationships, work performance, and overall well-being. Symptoms of depression may include changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbances, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of worthlessness or suicide.
The causes of depression are complex and may involve a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. While it's a serious condition that can be debilitating, the good news is that it is treatable. Various treatment options are available, including therapy, medication, lifestyle changes, and support groups. If you or someone you know is struggling with depression, seeking help from a healthcare professional is a crucial step toward recovery.
Omega-3 fish oil is a nutritional supplement derived from the fatty tissues of fish, particularly fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential fats that the body cannot produce on its own. The most significant types of omega-3s found in fish oil are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), both of which are known for their numerous health benefits. These include reducing inflammation, supporting heart health, and promoting brain function.
Incorporating omega-3 fish oil into your diet can be beneficial if you don’t consume enough fish regularly. Many health experts recommend oily fish as a part of a balanced diet due to their high omega-3 content. For those who find it difficult to include fish in their meals, fish oil supplements can offer a convenient alternative, providing the same essential fatty acids in concentrated form. However, it’s essential to choose high-quality supplements that are third-party tested for purity and potency to avoid contaminants such as heavy metals or other toxins that can impact health.
The relationship between Omega-3 fish oil and depression has garnered considerable interest over the years, and some studies suggest that Omega-3 fatty acids may have a beneficial effect on mood and mental well-being. Omega-3s, particularly EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), are thought to contribute to brain health and may play a role in the regulation of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine, which are often linked to mood disorders. Some clinical trials have indicated that supplementation with Omega-3s can lead to reductions in depressive symptoms for certain individuals, particularly in those with major depressive disorder.
However, it's essential to understand that while Omega-3 fish oil can be a useful part of an overall treatment plan, it is not a panacea for depression. Responses to supplementation can vary from person to person, and more research is needed to establish precise recommendations. It is always advisable for individuals experiencing depression to consult with a healthcare professional to develop a comprehensive treatment approach tailored to their specific needs, which may include therapy, lifestyle changes, and possibly dietary supplements like Omega-3 fish oil.
According to user reviews, the time it takes to see results from taking omega-3 supplements for depression can vary, but several users report improvement within a relatively short timeframe. For instance, one user indicated that after using the product for nearly a month, they experienced significant mood enhancement and reduced feelings of fear Read Review. Another review mentions that beneficial effects were felt after a duration as brief as a few weeks, especially following the user's post-Covid experiences Read Review.
Additionally, users have noted that consistent use, such as taking two capsules daily, seemed to yield positive results, with many finding relief from their symptoms after several weeks to a month Read Review. Overall, while individual experiences may differ, many users agree that a regular regimen can lead to noticeable improvements in mood and emotional wellbeing within the first month of use.
The research supporting the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), in treating depression is progressively growing. Multiple studies indicate that omega-3 supplementation, especially in the form of EPA, shows promise in alleviating depressive symptoms across various demographics, including older adults and young individuals. For instance, a review of 36 studies revealed that EPA could yield a small but statistically significant reduction in depression symptoms, particularly for mildly depressed individuals and those with inflammation-related depression ([17]). Moreover, a study with 60 participants diagnosed with major depressive disorder found that individuals taking EPA exhibited lower depression scores over a 12-week period, although these improvements weren't statistically significant ([10]).
However, it’s important to note that while the evidence points towards potential benefits, results can be inconsistent, and many studies recommend further investigations to establish clear dosage guidelines and patient suitability ([14]). In addition, while some studies suggest a positive correlation between higher omega-3 levels and lower depression scores, individual responses can vary widely due to factors like diet, genetic background, and overall health ([16]). As such, while omega-3 supplementation, particularly EPA, is considered a promising adjunctive treatment for depression, more rigorous research is necessary to validate its effectiveness and mechanisms of action.
Based on user reviews, many individuals report significant improvements in mood and depression symptoms after using omega-3 supplements. Notably, experiences from users highlight benefits such as alleviation of post-Covid depression and enhanced overall mood. For instance, one user mentioned that after taking the product consistently for nearly a month, they saw a meaningful reduction in feelings of fear and improved mood Read Review. Another user echoed similar sentiments, noting that their depression improved notably during their postpartum period, helping to stave off exhaustion and mood disturbances Read Review.
Moreover, users have reported additional benefits such as improved hair and nails, which adds to the overall appeal of the supplement Read Review. The convenience of the capsules, which are described as easy to swallow and lacking a fishy aftertaste, contributes to a more pleasant user experience Read Review. These anecdotal experiences suggest that while individual results may vary, many users find omega-3 supplements to be effective in enhancing mood and overall wellness.
Users report variable experiences when combining this omega-3 supplement with other supplements for managing depression. Some individuals note that taking omega-3 alone has significantly helped alleviate their anxiety and mood issues, particularly following events like Covid or during postpartum periods (review id='4d4b64c3-2d7c-4eec-b558-bb7834b9becc' and review id='def79542-34e9-4895-bf9b-f0f28ae9ca79'). This suggests that many users appreciate the standalone benefits of omega-3 in enhancing mood and reducing depressive symptoms.
Additionally, some users indicate a preference for alternating omega-3 brands or using them alongside other supplements, which they believe magnifies the positive effects on their mental health Read Review. The anecdotal evidence points to a consensus that while omega-3 can offer substantial mood improvements on its own, there may be added benefits in combining it with other supplements, especially those targeting mental health and wellbeing.
The optimal dose of Omega-3 Fish Oil for treating depression, particularly focusing on eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), has shown varying results across different studies. One analysis suggests that a daily dosage of 1000 to 1500 mg of EPA is effective for patients, especially those experiencing mild to moderate depression and inflammation-related symptoms, with this dosage being tied to significant improvements in depressive scores[17]. Additionally, doses greater than 1 gram per day have demonstrated notable benefits for individuals with specific conditions, emphasizing the importance of addressing individual nutritional needs when determining treatment plans for depression[3].
Furthermore, a specific study indicated that participants taking 3.2 grams of EPA daily reported lower depression scores compared to a placebo group over a 12-week period, highlighting the potential for EPA as a therapeutic option. However, it’s important to note that while these findings are promising, more robust research is required to validate these dosages consistently, as individual responses can vary significantly[10]. Therefore, individuals interested in using Omega-3 Fish Oil for depression should consult healthcare professionals to determine the most suitable dosage based on personal health circumstances and the latest research.
7.5
Reduced fear
37 people found this helpful
I gave this product to a friend who suffers from fear and panic. I've used it for nearly a month, and it has significantly reduced my fear and improved my mood. I highly recommend it if you’re struggling.
9
Excellent omega
5 people found this helpful
This omega is the best! Taking 2 capsules daily has improved my hair and nails and resolved my depression following Covid. I appreciate the lack of fishy burps, and the capsules are manageable to swallow. This product is a game-changer!
9
Mood improvement
211 people found this helpful
I have tried numerous omega brands and this one is by far my favourite. If you take 2 capsules daily, it lasts two months, which is quite economical. I experience a light citrus burp instead of fishy, which is a plus. It has improved my hair and nails and helped my post-Covid depression significantly. The packaging is excellent and the capsules, though large and straw-yellow, are easy to swallow. Drinking omega is advisable for everyone, as it truly enhances health and mood.
9
Postpartum wellbeing
1 people found this helpful
This supplement is wonderful; during my postpartum period, it improved my mood and prevented depression. I didn't feel exhausted or gain excess weight. I’ve bought it more than once, and it has been beneficial.
9
Various brand effects
Omega-3 fatty acids are incredible for the body, potentially lowering the risk of depression, heart disease, and arthritis. I’ve tried over ten different brands, and they all work well for me, so I like to alternate them.
4
EPA shows potential in depression
Exploration of the optimized portrait of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in treating depression: A meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials.
We examined the effectiveness of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, in treating depression. After analyzing 36 well-structured studies, we found some positive outcomes and also observed notable variability in the results. The overall findings suggested that EPA could offer benefits for depression, yielding a small but statistically significant improvement in symptoms.
It's particularly interesting to note that for Asian patients experiencing mild to moderate depression, the best results seemed to emerge with a daily dosage of 1000 to 1500 mg of omega-3s over eight weeks. This intake should ideally have a specific balance of EPA to another omega-3, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), set at between 1:1 and 2:1 ratios. However, despite these encouraging indications, our analysis also revealed that EPA isn’t better than a placebo for achieving response or remission rates or for adverse events.
Overall, while omega-3 PUFAs like EPA may hold promise for managing depressive symptoms, we must approach the findings with caution. Further research is warranted to deepen our understanding of how to harness the potential benefits of these fatty acids in treating depression.
7
Omega-3 fatty acids show promise
The Efficacy of Omega-3 Fatty Acids as the Monotherapy for Depression: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study.
We conducted a study to see if omega-3 fatty acids could help people with major depressive disorder as a standalone treatment. Over 12 weeks, 60 participants took either omega-3 supplements or a placebo.
Results showed that those taking omega-3 had lower depression scores at various points throughout the study. While there were hints of improved outcomes in terms of remission and response rates, these weren't statistically significant.
Overall, omega-3 fatty acids could be a promising alternative, but further research is necessary to confirm their effectiveness.
4
Mixed evidence on omega-3 treatment
Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Depression.
We delved into the effects of omega-3 fatty acids, like EPA and DHA, on depression. While some research highlights their potential to reduce depressive symptoms, others found little to no effect. Factors like dosage and individual nutritional needs seem to influence these outcomes. Additionally, omega-3s may complement traditional antidepressants but results aren’t consistent across various studies. Overall, there's still a need for more research to create clear guidelines for omega-3 use in treating depression.
7
Omega-3s may reduce depression risk
Omega-3 fatty acids and major depression: a Mendelian randomization study.
We investigated the link between omega-3 fatty acids and depression using genetic data from large-scale studies. By analyzing over 115,000 participants in the UK Biobank and nearly 431,000 in the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, we assessed the causal relationship between these fatty acids and major depressive disorder (MDD).
Our findings suggest that higher levels of omega-3s, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are associated with reduced odds of developing MDD. However, while the results show a significant correlation, we noted some uncertainty due to possible confounding factors.
Overall, omega-3s, especially EPA, may play a role in managing depression, but more targeted interventions could be required for clearer outcomes.
7
Omega-3s show promise in depression
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in depression: insights from recent clinical trials.
We examined recent clinical trials investigating omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to see how they might help with major depressive disorder (MDD).
The analysis focused on high doses of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), showing improvements especially in patients with inflammation-related depression and younger individuals.
Although results are encouraging, particularly for specific subpopulations, establishing the best doses and treatment durations requires further research.
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Yu Q, Li H, Chen M, Pan Y, Zhou L, et al. GPR120 internalization: a key mechanism for EPA in antidepressant action. Food Funct. 2025;16:2893. doi:10.1039/d5fo00252d
Dyall SC, Malau IA, Su KP. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in depression: insights from recent clinical trials. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2025;28:66. doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000001077
Al Sinani M, Johnson M, Crawford M, Al Maqbali M, Al-Adawi S. Depression and anxiety in the pregnant Omani population in relation to their fatty acid intake and levels. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2025;204:102668. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102668
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Faulkner P, Gibson EL, Dyall SC. Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with brain connectivity and mood in young adults with subthreshold depression: A preliminary study. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2025;204:102664. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102664
Li Y, Hua L, Ran Q, Gu J, Bao Y, et al. Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and Mental Health in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16234065
Campisi SC, Zasowski C, Bradley-Ridout G, Schumacher A, Szatmari P, et al. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation for depression in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024;11:CD014803. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD014803.pub2
Wu SK, Yang KJ, Liu WC, Malau IA, Zailani H, et al. The Efficacy of Omega-3 Fatty Acids as the Monotherapy for Depression: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study. Nutrients. 2024;16. doi:10.3390/nu16213688
Jastrzebska J, Frankowska M, Wesołowska J, Filip M, Smaga I. Dietary Intervention with Omega-3 Fatty Acids Mitigates Maternal High-Fat Diet-Induced Behavioral and Myelin-Related Alterations in Adult Offspring. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2025;23:329. doi:10.2174/1570159X23666241014164940
Chen L, Yang Y, Zhang N, Che H, Wang Z, et al. DHA and EPA alleviate depressive-like behaviors in chronic sleep-deprived mice: Involvement of iron metabolism, oligodendrocyte-lipids peroxidation and the LCN2-NLRP3 signaling axis. Free Radic Biol Med. 2024;225:654. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.10.298
Cheng YC, Chen WY, Lin C, Lee SH, Chiu CC, et al. The N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation to prevent depression recurrence in patients with late-life depression: A 52-week double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Affect Disord. 2025;369:8. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.129
Serefko A, Jach ME, Pietraszuk M, Świąder M, Świąder K, et al. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Depression. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. doi:10.3390/ijms25168675
Lam C, Han L, McIntyre RS, Teopiz KM, Cao B. Comparative Efficacy of Omega-3 Fatty Acid with Other Interventions for Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2024;34:282. doi:10.1089/cap.2024.0017
Carnegie R, Borges MC, Jones HJ, Zheng J, Haycock P, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids and major depression: a Mendelian randomization study. Transl Psychiatry. 2024;14:222. doi:10.1038/s41398-024-02932-w
Kong L, Zhang Q, Wang H, Xu Y, Xu C, et al. Exploration of the optimized portrait of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in treating depression: A meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials. J Affect Disord. 2025. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.03.006
Urata M, Sakurai H, Ueno F, Maruki T, Tada T, et al. Efficacy of Pharmacological Interventions in Milder Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep. 2025;45:e70008. doi:10.1002/npr2.70008
Lin YW, Cheng SW, Liu WC, Zailani H, Wu SK, et al. Chemogenetic targeting TRPV1 in obesity-induced depression: Unveiling therapeutic potential of eicosapentaenoic acid and acupuncture. Brain Behav Immun. 2025;123:771. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2024.10.028
Li P, Zhang F, Huang C, Zhang C, Yang Z, et al. Exosomes Derived from DPA-treated UCMSCs Attenuated Depression-like Behaviors and Neuroinflammation in a Model of Depression Induced by Chronic Stress. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2024;19:55. doi:10.1007/s11481-024-10154-6
Lin YL, Wang CL, Chiang TI. Eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation alleviates pruritus, enhances skin moisture, and mitigates depression in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Front Nephrol. 2024;4:1365809. doi:10.3389/fneph.2024.1365809
Strekalova T, Radford-Smith D, Dunstan IK, Gorlova A, Svirin E, et al. Omega-3 alleviates behavioral and molecular changes in a mouse model of stress-induced juvenile depression. Neurobiol Stress. 2024;31:100646. doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100646
Lou F, Luo S, Kang N, Yan L, Long H, et al. Oral microbiota dysbiosis alters chronic restraint stress-induced depression-like behaviors by modulating host metabolism. Pharmacol Res. 2024;204:107214. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107214
Zhang C, Hou B, Xu Y, Zeng S, Luo X, et al. Association between eicosapentaenoic acid consumption and the risk of depressive symptoms in US adults: Analyses from NHANES 2005-2018. J Affect Disord. 2024;354:62. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.055
Huang S, Guo J, Jiang R, Ma K, Lin F, et al. Four-way decomposition of the effects of nutrient supplement and physical exercise on depression among older Chinese: a nationwide cross-sectional analysis. BMC Public Health. 2024;24:3469. doi:10.1186/s12889-024-20995-8
Wang M, Yan X, Li Y, Li Q, Xu Y, et al. Association between plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids and depressive among US adults. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1342304. doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1342304
Chang YY, Ting B, Chen DT, Hsu WT, Lin SC, et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Depression in the Elderly and Patients with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel). 2024;12. doi:10.3390/healthcare12050536
Suneson K, Söderberg Veibäck G, Lindahl J, Tjernberg J, Ståhl D, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids for inflamed depression - A match/mismatch study. Brain Behav Immun. 2024;118:192. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2024.02.029
Xue Y, Wang L, Liu T, Zhao T, Xie K, et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation improves memory in first-diagnosed, drug-naïve patients with depression: Secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial. J Affect Disord. 2024;350:403. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.149
Yang Y, Chen L, Zhang N, Zhao Y, Che H, et al. DHA and EPA Alleviate Epileptic Depression in PTZ-Treated Young Mice Model by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation through Regulating Microglial M2 Polarization and Improving Mitochondrial Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023;12. doi:10.3390/antiox12122079