Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 8 Researches
7.9
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 10 Reviews
8.3
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 1/4 Level Teaspoon (1.1 g)
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
1.1 g (1,100 mg)
1222%
Top Medical Research Studies
9
We observed a fascinating phenomenon related to vitamin C and anemia during a series of cases in a prison setting in Ethiopia. Specifically, we examined how scurvy, a disease caused by a lack of vitamin C, contributed to anemia among prisoners.
Our study focused on ten patients who were admitted for treatment, all of whom presented with some form of leg swelling or pain. After administering vitamin C in the form of ascorbic acid, we noted a significant increase in hemoglobin levels, rising from an average of 4.6 to 7.1 g/dL. This improvement indicates that vitamin C may play a crucial role in alleviating some anemia symptoms when the underlying cause is related to dietary deficiencies.
Additionally, through an observational study involving 67 other patients in the same prison, we confirmed that leg swelling and pain were common symptoms among those affected. With consistent therapeutic doses of vitamin C, all patients showed considerable improvement in their conditions.
Thus, we can conclude that vitamin C does seem to have a valuable effect on anemia caused by dietary deficiencies, particularly in high-risk environments like prisons. This finding encourages healthcare providers to remain vigilant about such nutritional deficiencies and highlights the importance of vitamin C in treatment.
Our study focused on ten patients who were admitted for treatment, all of whom presented with some form of leg swelling or pain. After administering vitamin C in the form of ascorbic acid, we noted a significant increase in hemoglobin levels, rising from an average of 4.6 to 7.1 g/dL. This improvement indicates that vitamin C may play a crucial role in alleviating some anemia symptoms when the underlying cause is related to dietary deficiencies.
Additionally, through an observational study involving 67 other patients in the same prison, we confirmed that leg swelling and pain were common symptoms among those affected. With consistent therapeutic doses of vitamin C, all patients showed considerable improvement in their conditions.
Thus, we can conclude that vitamin C does seem to have a valuable effect on anemia caused by dietary deficiencies, particularly in high-risk environments like prisons. This finding encourages healthcare providers to remain vigilant about such nutritional deficiencies and highlights the importance of vitamin C in treatment.
Read More
9
Nano-Bhasma enhances iron absorption
We investigated how modifying Mandoor Bhasma, a traditional Ayurvedic medicine, could enhance its effectiveness in treating iron-deficiency anemia. By grinding this medicine into nanoparticles and coating them with ascorbic acid, we aimed to boost the iron bioavailability in our body.
In our study, we found that the surface-enhanced nano-Mandoor Bhasma exhibited better iron dissolution in conditions similar to those found in our intestines. This improvement was significant because it means that more iron becomes available for our bodies to absorb. Testing the effects on human colon cells revealed that cells treated with the modified version absorbed three times more iron compared to those treated with the standard version.
Furthermore, as the treated cells produced higher levels of a key protein related to iron storage, this signals an increase in the iron available for our body’s needs. Ultimately, this research suggests that using nanoscale formulations and vitamin C can significantly enhance the effectiveness of traditional iron treatments for anemia.
In our study, we found that the surface-enhanced nano-Mandoor Bhasma exhibited better iron dissolution in conditions similar to those found in our intestines. This improvement was significant because it means that more iron becomes available for our bodies to absorb. Testing the effects on human colon cells revealed that cells treated with the modified version absorbed three times more iron compared to those treated with the standard version.
Furthermore, as the treated cells produced higher levels of a key protein related to iron storage, this signals an increase in the iron available for our body’s needs. Ultimately, this research suggests that using nanoscale formulations and vitamin C can significantly enhance the effectiveness of traditional iron treatments for anemia.
Read More
9
Novel chelate complex boosts iron
We examined a novel approach to combat iron deficiency anemia by focusing on a unique triple chelate complex that combines iron, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and essential amino acids. Our findings revealed that this complex can effectively increase iron levels in the body, particularly in fermented dairy products.
Importantly, we found that the fortification of milk with this complex doesn't require high concentrations—just a mere 0.005 mol/L is enough for effective results. Through our experiments with rat models, we observed a significant boost in serum iron levels after administering the complex, achieving a rise of 14.0 mmol/L within just 24 hours.
Furthermore, we studied how these complexes affected the taste and quality of dairy products, demonstrating that even at very low concentrations, they maintained desirable physicochemical properties. Among the various compounds we tested, iron ascorbate lysinate stood out as the most promising candidate for enhancing iron levels, making it a potential game-changer in diets for those suffering from iron deficiency anemia.
However, while we acknowledge the crucial role vitamin C plays in improving iron absorption, our focus on the triple chelate mechanism makes it challenging to isolate its individual effects solely on anemia.
Importantly, we found that the fortification of milk with this complex doesn't require high concentrations—just a mere 0.005 mol/L is enough for effective results. Through our experiments with rat models, we observed a significant boost in serum iron levels after administering the complex, achieving a rise of 14.0 mmol/L within just 24 hours.
Furthermore, we studied how these complexes affected the taste and quality of dairy products, demonstrating that even at very low concentrations, they maintained desirable physicochemical properties. Among the various compounds we tested, iron ascorbate lysinate stood out as the most promising candidate for enhancing iron levels, making it a potential game-changer in diets for those suffering from iron deficiency anemia.
However, while we acknowledge the crucial role vitamin C plays in improving iron absorption, our focus on the triple chelate mechanism makes it challenging to isolate its individual effects solely on anemia.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Increased iron levels
2 people found this helpful
I purchased this to take alongside iron supplements as recommended by a professor, due to my lifelong struggle with anemia. Indeed, this method effectively and rapidly raises iron levels in the blood. Vitamin C helps oxidise iron for better absorption in the body. There’s plenty of powder in the jar to last a long time, and I sometimes add it to tea for a bit of tang. A quality product!
Read More
9
Helps absorb iron
Excellent! I learnt that Vitamin C helps those with anemia absorb iron, which led me to buy it.
Read More
9
Improves iron absorption
I bought this to take with iron supplements based on a professor's advice for my lifelong anemia. This quickly raises iron levels in my blood. There’s a generous amount of powder in the jar, and it’s great for mixing with tea for added flavour. A solid product!
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 8 Researches
7.9
- All Researches
9
Nano-Bhasma enhances iron absorption
We investigated how modifying Mandoor Bhasma, a traditional Ayurvedic medicine, could enhance its effectiveness in treating iron-deficiency anemia. By grinding this medicine into nanoparticles and coating them with ascorbic acid, we aimed to boost the iron bioavailability in our body.
In our study, we found that the surface-enhanced nano-Mandoor Bhasma exhibited better iron dissolution in conditions similar to those found in our intestines. This improvement was significant because it means that more iron becomes available for our bodies to absorb. Testing the effects on human colon cells revealed that cells treated with the modified version absorbed three times more iron compared to those treated with the standard version.
Furthermore, as the treated cells produced higher levels of a key protein related to iron storage, this signals an increase in the iron available for our body’s needs. Ultimately, this research suggests that using nanoscale formulations and vitamin C can significantly enhance the effectiveness of traditional iron treatments for anemia.
In our study, we found that the surface-enhanced nano-Mandoor Bhasma exhibited better iron dissolution in conditions similar to those found in our intestines. This improvement was significant because it means that more iron becomes available for our bodies to absorb. Testing the effects on human colon cells revealed that cells treated with the modified version absorbed three times more iron compared to those treated with the standard version.
Furthermore, as the treated cells produced higher levels of a key protein related to iron storage, this signals an increase in the iron available for our body’s needs. Ultimately, this research suggests that using nanoscale formulations and vitamin C can significantly enhance the effectiveness of traditional iron treatments for anemia.
Read More
9
Novel chelate complex boosts iron
We examined a novel approach to combat iron deficiency anemia by focusing on a unique triple chelate complex that combines iron, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and essential amino acids. Our findings revealed that this complex can effectively increase iron levels in the body, particularly in fermented dairy products.
Importantly, we found that the fortification of milk with this complex doesn't require high concentrations—just a mere 0.005 mol/L is enough for effective results. Through our experiments with rat models, we observed a significant boost in serum iron levels after administering the complex, achieving a rise of 14.0 mmol/L within just 24 hours.
Furthermore, we studied how these complexes affected the taste and quality of dairy products, demonstrating that even at very low concentrations, they maintained desirable physicochemical properties. Among the various compounds we tested, iron ascorbate lysinate stood out as the most promising candidate for enhancing iron levels, making it a potential game-changer in diets for those suffering from iron deficiency anemia.
However, while we acknowledge the crucial role vitamin C plays in improving iron absorption, our focus on the triple chelate mechanism makes it challenging to isolate its individual effects solely on anemia.
Importantly, we found that the fortification of milk with this complex doesn't require high concentrations—just a mere 0.005 mol/L is enough for effective results. Through our experiments with rat models, we observed a significant boost in serum iron levels after administering the complex, achieving a rise of 14.0 mmol/L within just 24 hours.
Furthermore, we studied how these complexes affected the taste and quality of dairy products, demonstrating that even at very low concentrations, they maintained desirable physicochemical properties. Among the various compounds we tested, iron ascorbate lysinate stood out as the most promising candidate for enhancing iron levels, making it a potential game-changer in diets for those suffering from iron deficiency anemia.
However, while we acknowledge the crucial role vitamin C plays in improving iron absorption, our focus on the triple chelate mechanism makes it challenging to isolate its individual effects solely on anemia.
Read More
9
We observed a fascinating phenomenon related to vitamin C and anemia during a series of cases in a prison setting in Ethiopia. Specifically, we examined how scurvy, a disease caused by a lack of vitamin C, contributed to anemia among prisoners.
Our study focused on ten patients who were admitted for treatment, all of whom presented with some form of leg swelling or pain. After administering vitamin C in the form of ascorbic acid, we noted a significant increase in hemoglobin levels, rising from an average of 4.6 to 7.1 g/dL. This improvement indicates that vitamin C may play a crucial role in alleviating some anemia symptoms when the underlying cause is related to dietary deficiencies.
Additionally, through an observational study involving 67 other patients in the same prison, we confirmed that leg swelling and pain were common symptoms among those affected. With consistent therapeutic doses of vitamin C, all patients showed considerable improvement in their conditions.
Thus, we can conclude that vitamin C does seem to have a valuable effect on anemia caused by dietary deficiencies, particularly in high-risk environments like prisons. This finding encourages healthcare providers to remain vigilant about such nutritional deficiencies and highlights the importance of vitamin C in treatment.
Our study focused on ten patients who were admitted for treatment, all of whom presented with some form of leg swelling or pain. After administering vitamin C in the form of ascorbic acid, we noted a significant increase in hemoglobin levels, rising from an average of 4.6 to 7.1 g/dL. This improvement indicates that vitamin C may play a crucial role in alleviating some anemia symptoms when the underlying cause is related to dietary deficiencies.
Additionally, through an observational study involving 67 other patients in the same prison, we confirmed that leg swelling and pain were common symptoms among those affected. With consistent therapeutic doses of vitamin C, all patients showed considerable improvement in their conditions.
Thus, we can conclude that vitamin C does seem to have a valuable effect on anemia caused by dietary deficiencies, particularly in high-risk environments like prisons. This finding encourages healthcare providers to remain vigilant about such nutritional deficiencies and highlights the importance of vitamin C in treatment.
Read More
9
We investigated how vitamin C can affect anemia, particularly through its interaction with a specific iron supplement called phosvitin peptide-ferrous complex. This complex is designed to enhance iron bioavailability, which is crucial in addressing iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Our analysis showed that when vitamin C was added to this complex, there was a notable increase in iron absorption.
The results indicated that the iron content increased significantly with the presence of vitamin C, which interacted synergistically to boost bioavailability. In fact, when vitamin C was added, the iron dialysis percentage increased, highlighting its potential role in improving the efficiency of iron absorption in the gut.
While our findings suggested significant benefits in enhancing iron absorption when combined with vitamin C, it's essential to recognize that the isolated effects of vitamin C on anemia were not fully evaluated in this study. Therefore, while the combination exhibited promising results, we can't definitively say that vitamin C alone provides a solution for anemia.
The results indicated that the iron content increased significantly with the presence of vitamin C, which interacted synergistically to boost bioavailability. In fact, when vitamin C was added, the iron dialysis percentage increased, highlighting its potential role in improving the efficiency of iron absorption in the gut.
While our findings suggested significant benefits in enhancing iron absorption when combined with vitamin C, it's essential to recognize that the isolated effects of vitamin C on anemia were not fully evaluated in this study. Therefore, while the combination exhibited promising results, we can't definitively say that vitamin C alone provides a solution for anemia.
Read More
8
Fortified beverage impacts anemia study
We explored the impact of a fortified beverage made from pearl millet and baobab pulp on the iron and anemia status of adolescent girls in rural Ghana. This was done through a cluster randomized controlled trial involving 258 participants. Girls were divided into three groups: one that received the fortified beverage, one that received an unfortified version, and another that got standard iron and folate supplements.
Importantly, the fortified beverage contained vitamin C, which is known to enhance iron absorption. However, the study didn't isolate the effects of vitamin C alone on anemia. Therefore, while we observed the positive potential of this fortified beverage, we can't definitively conclude that vitamin C had a direct impact.
Overall, the research aims to fill a gap in understanding how food-fortification strategies can fight iron deficiency anemia, which is a significant public health issue in this region. It’s exciting to think about how these findings might influence future dietary interventions for adolescent girls facing anemia.
Importantly, the fortified beverage contained vitamin C, which is known to enhance iron absorption. However, the study didn't isolate the effects of vitamin C alone on anemia. Therefore, while we observed the positive potential of this fortified beverage, we can't definitively conclude that vitamin C had a direct impact.
Overall, the research aims to fill a gap in understanding how food-fortification strategies can fight iron deficiency anemia, which is a significant public health issue in this region. It’s exciting to think about how these findings might influence future dietary interventions for adolescent girls facing anemia.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 10 Reviews
8.3
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
9
Increased iron levels
2 people found this helpful
I purchased this to take alongside iron supplements as recommended by a professor, due to my lifelong struggle with anemia. Indeed, this method effectively and rapidly raises iron levels in the blood. Vitamin C helps oxidise iron for better absorption in the body. There’s plenty of powder in the jar to last a long time, and I sometimes add it to tea for a bit of tang. A quality product!
Read More
9
Helps absorb iron
Excellent! I learnt that Vitamin C helps those with anemia absorb iron, which led me to buy it.
Read More
9
Improves iron absorption
I bought this to take with iron supplements based on a professor's advice for my lifelong anemia. This quickly raises iron levels in my blood. There’s a generous amount of powder in the jar, and it’s great for mixing with tea for added flavour. A solid product!
Read More
9
Irreplaceable for anemia
This improves iron absorption and is essential in treating anemia. The best results come when combined with iron supplements.
Read More
9
Gentle effect
A good vitamin! The crystals are excellent in price and volume. I take it for anemia, and it does not upset my stomach! Lasts for a very long time!
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
9
Improves iron absorption
I bought this to take with iron supplements based on a professor's advice for my lifelong anemia. This quickly raises iron levels in my blood. There’s a generous amount of powder in the jar, and it’s great for mixing with tea for added flavour. A solid product!
9
Irreplaceable for anemia
This improves iron absorption and is essential in treating anemia. The best results come when combined with iron supplements.
6
Eases menstrual symptoms
I take this for anemia, especially during my period, and it seems to help alleviate menstrual cramps as well.
9
Increased iron levels
2 people found this helpful
I purchased this to take alongside iron supplements as recommended by a professor, due to my lifelong struggle with anemia. Indeed, this method effectively and rapidly raises iron levels in the blood. Vitamin C helps oxidise iron for better absorption in the body. There’s plenty of powder in the jar to last a long time, and I sometimes add it to tea for a bit of tang. A quality product!
7.5
Promotes iron absorption
1 people found this helpful
Vitamin C enhances immune function, promotes iron absorption, and has antioxidant effects. It's safe even in excess as it’s water-soluble. Though effective with other nutrients, moderation is crucial to avoid gastrointestinal issues. A balanced diet is important to manage iron levels and prevent overload.
7
Vitamin C enhances iron absorption
We conducted a study to explore the impact of adding vitamin C-rich guava to a traditional meal of mungbean dal on children’s anemia in rural India. Our randomized controlled trial involved 200 school-aged children, many of whom were found to be anemic and iron-deficient. We aimed to see if this simple addition could improve their hemoglobin levels and overall iron status.
The children in our study were divided into two groups. One group enjoyed a meal of mungbean dal alone, while the other had the same meal but with fresh guava included. Our findings revealed that the addition of guava, packed with vitamin C, significantly increased hemoglobin levels and reduced anemia in the children consuming the fortified meal.
However, despite these positive outcomes in hemoglobin, we observed that body iron stores did not increase significantly. This suggests that while vitamin C can enhance iron absorption, the combination may not provide enough iron to boost overall iron storage in the body. Thus, enriching meals with vitamin C-rich foods like guava is a promising strategy to combat anemia among children.
The children in our study were divided into two groups. One group enjoyed a meal of mungbean dal alone, while the other had the same meal but with fresh guava included. Our findings revealed that the addition of guava, packed with vitamin C, significantly increased hemoglobin levels and reduced anemia in the children consuming the fortified meal.
However, despite these positive outcomes in hemoglobin, we observed that body iron stores did not increase significantly. This suggests that while vitamin C can enhance iron absorption, the combination may not provide enough iron to boost overall iron storage in the body. Thus, enriching meals with vitamin C-rich foods like guava is a promising strategy to combat anemia among children.
8
Fortified beverage impacts anemia study
We explored the impact of a fortified beverage made from pearl millet and baobab pulp on the iron and anemia status of adolescent girls in rural Ghana. This was done through a cluster randomized controlled trial involving 258 participants. Girls were divided into three groups: one that received the fortified beverage, one that received an unfortified version, and another that got standard iron and folate supplements.
Importantly, the fortified beverage contained vitamin C, which is known to enhance iron absorption. However, the study didn't isolate the effects of vitamin C alone on anemia. Therefore, while we observed the positive potential of this fortified beverage, we can't definitively conclude that vitamin C had a direct impact.
Overall, the research aims to fill a gap in understanding how food-fortification strategies can fight iron deficiency anemia, which is a significant public health issue in this region. It’s exciting to think about how these findings might influence future dietary interventions for adolescent girls facing anemia.
Importantly, the fortified beverage contained vitamin C, which is known to enhance iron absorption. However, the study didn't isolate the effects of vitamin C alone on anemia. Therefore, while we observed the positive potential of this fortified beverage, we can't definitively conclude that vitamin C had a direct impact.
Overall, the research aims to fill a gap in understanding how food-fortification strategies can fight iron deficiency anemia, which is a significant public health issue in this region. It’s exciting to think about how these findings might influence future dietary interventions for adolescent girls facing anemia.
9
Nano-Bhasma enhances iron absorption
We investigated how modifying Mandoor Bhasma, a traditional Ayurvedic medicine, could enhance its effectiveness in treating iron-deficiency anemia. By grinding this medicine into nanoparticles and coating them with ascorbic acid, we aimed to boost the iron bioavailability in our body.
In our study, we found that the surface-enhanced nano-Mandoor Bhasma exhibited better iron dissolution in conditions similar to those found in our intestines. This improvement was significant because it means that more iron becomes available for our bodies to absorb. Testing the effects on human colon cells revealed that cells treated with the modified version absorbed three times more iron compared to those treated with the standard version.
Furthermore, as the treated cells produced higher levels of a key protein related to iron storage, this signals an increase in the iron available for our body’s needs. Ultimately, this research suggests that using nanoscale formulations and vitamin C can significantly enhance the effectiveness of traditional iron treatments for anemia.
In our study, we found that the surface-enhanced nano-Mandoor Bhasma exhibited better iron dissolution in conditions similar to those found in our intestines. This improvement was significant because it means that more iron becomes available for our bodies to absorb. Testing the effects on human colon cells revealed that cells treated with the modified version absorbed three times more iron compared to those treated with the standard version.
Furthermore, as the treated cells produced higher levels of a key protein related to iron storage, this signals an increase in the iron available for our body’s needs. Ultimately, this research suggests that using nanoscale formulations and vitamin C can significantly enhance the effectiveness of traditional iron treatments for anemia.
9
Novel chelate complex boosts iron
We examined a novel approach to combat iron deficiency anemia by focusing on a unique triple chelate complex that combines iron, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and essential amino acids. Our findings revealed that this complex can effectively increase iron levels in the body, particularly in fermented dairy products.
Importantly, we found that the fortification of milk with this complex doesn't require high concentrations—just a mere 0.005 mol/L is enough for effective results. Through our experiments with rat models, we observed a significant boost in serum iron levels after administering the complex, achieving a rise of 14.0 mmol/L within just 24 hours.
Furthermore, we studied how these complexes affected the taste and quality of dairy products, demonstrating that even at very low concentrations, they maintained desirable physicochemical properties. Among the various compounds we tested, iron ascorbate lysinate stood out as the most promising candidate for enhancing iron levels, making it a potential game-changer in diets for those suffering from iron deficiency anemia.
However, while we acknowledge the crucial role vitamin C plays in improving iron absorption, our focus on the triple chelate mechanism makes it challenging to isolate its individual effects solely on anemia.
Importantly, we found that the fortification of milk with this complex doesn't require high concentrations—just a mere 0.005 mol/L is enough for effective results. Through our experiments with rat models, we observed a significant boost in serum iron levels after administering the complex, achieving a rise of 14.0 mmol/L within just 24 hours.
Furthermore, we studied how these complexes affected the taste and quality of dairy products, demonstrating that even at very low concentrations, they maintained desirable physicochemical properties. Among the various compounds we tested, iron ascorbate lysinate stood out as the most promising candidate for enhancing iron levels, making it a potential game-changer in diets for those suffering from iron deficiency anemia.
However, while we acknowledge the crucial role vitamin C plays in improving iron absorption, our focus on the triple chelate mechanism makes it challenging to isolate its individual effects solely on anemia.
References
- Rani V, Moretti D, Khetarpaul N, Thankachan P, Zimmermann MB, et al. Vitamin C-Rich Guava Consumed with Mungbean Dal Reduces Anemia and Increases Hemoglobin but not Iron Stores: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Food-to-Food Fortification in Indian Children. J Nutr. 2024;154:3740. doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.10.042
- Atosona A, Larbie C, Apprey C, Annan RA. Pearl millet instant beverage powder enriched with baobab pulp to improve iron and anaemia status of adolescent girls in rural Ghana: a study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr. 2024;132:565. doi:10.1017/S0007114524001430
- Wang X, Zhu X, Liu Y, Liu H, Xiao Z, et al. Efficacy of vitamin C on chemotherapy-related anemia in pancreatic cancer: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2024;25:512. doi:10.1186/s13063-024-08345-w
- Balkrishna A, Bhattacharya K, Samanta HS, Tomer M, Varshney A. Advancements in Nano-Mandoor Bhasma: Unravelling the Particle Size-Ascorbic Acid Synergy for Enhanced Iron Bioavailability for Anemia Treatment. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024. doi:10.1007/s12011-024-04304-3
- Gvozdenko A, Blinov A, Golik A, Rekhman Z, Nagdalian A, et al. Harnessing the Power of a Novel Triple Chelate Complex in Fermented Probiotic Dairy Products: A Promising Solution for Combating Iron Deficiency Anemia. ACS Omega. 2024;9:28594. doi:10.1021/acsomega.4c02664
- Akbari F, Vahedi Larijani L, Rajabi Visroodi E, Hakiminia B. Effect of the treatment of iron deficiency anemia on chronic drug-resistant cough: a rare case report. Daru. 2024;32:967. doi:10.1007/s40199-024-00522-1
- Haile A, Mara S, Belete Y, Dejene T. The Forgotten Disease in the 21st Century: Scurvy Outbreak in Hawassa Central Prison, Hawassa, Sidama, Southern Ethiopia, 2023. Int Med Case Rep J. 2023;16:847. doi:10.2147/IMCRJ.S438833
- Song L, Zhu L, Qiao S, Song L, Zhang M, et al. Preparation, characterization, and bioavailability evaluation of antioxidant phosvitin peptide-ferrous complex. J Sci Food Agric. 2024;104:3090. doi:10.1002/jsfa.13200
