We investigated the potential of lactoferrin, a powerful natural compound, to inhibit herpes simplex viruses, specifically HSV-2. Our approach involved testing silver and gold nanoparticles modified with lactoferrin, known as LF-Ag/AuNPs, to see if they could serve as novel treatments or microbicides for genital herpes.
In our experiments with human skin and vaginal cells, we observed that LF-Ag/AuNPs were much more effective than lactoferrin on its own at preventing the virus from attaching to and entering cells. Notably, when we pretreated cells with LF-AgNPs, they were better protected from infection.
In tests with infected mice, those treated with LF-Ag/AuNPs had significantly lower virus levels in vaginal tissues and spinal cords compared to those treated with just lactoferrin. The immune response appeared to be enhanced too, as evidenced by increased counts of specific immune cells.
Overall, our findings suggest that LF-Ag/AuNPs not only fight the virus but may also boost immune function, highlighting their potential as effective new antiviral treatments targeting mucosal surfaces.
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