We examined the relationship between plasma omega-3 levels and heart failure (HF), focusing on how this affects mortality in patients with existing HF. Our analysis of the UK Biobank, which included nearly 272,000 participants without HF, showed that higher omega-3 levels were linked to a 21% lower risk of developing HF over nearly 14 years.
For those already diagnosed with HF, higher omega-3 levels significantly reduced the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality by around 50%. These findings suggest that boosting omega-3 intake could be beneficial for heart health.
Read More
8
EPA lowers heart rhythm problems
Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents atrial electrocardiographic impairments and atrial fibrillation in high fat diet mice.
We investigated how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) affects heart rhythm, particularly in the context of high-fat diets. In our study, mice were divided into two groups: one received a high-fat diet, while the other’s diet was supplemented with EPA for eight weeks.
We observed that the mice on a high-fat diet experienced severe heart rhythm issues, such as bradycardia and atrial fibrillation (AF). In contrast, the EPA group showed significantly less AF and better heart function. These results suggest that including EPA in the diet could be a promising strategy to support heart health and reduce the risk of arrhythmias.
Read More
9
High-dose omega-3 improves heart function
The Optimal Dosage and Duration of ω-3 PUFA Supplementation in Heart Failure Management: Evidence from a Network Meta-Analysis.
We explored how omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can help manage heart failure by analyzing 14 randomized controlled trials involving over 9,000 participants.
Our findings revealed that high doses—between 2000 and 4000 mg daily—taken for at least a year, remarkably improved heart function.
However, lower doses or shorter treatment periods didn’t show the same benefits. Notably, there were no increased risks of adverse events or dropout rates in those taking omega-3 compared to control groups.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Reduces cholesterol levels
160 people found this helpful
I chose this fish oil for its ideal ratio of EPA to DHA (2:1). Omega-3 alleviates depression, enhances vision, and plays a crucial role in brain function while reducing risks of heart disease and cancer. The taste is pleasant, and it doesn't have an unpleasant smell. I can bite into the capsule without swallowing it. I’ve reordered this product several times!
Read More
9
Chronic disease support
19 people found this helpful
A unique product at an affordable price! This quality is hard to find in Ukraine as similar products are much more expensive. It's recommended for health, particularly during training and pregnancy. I take it with vitamin E and other supplements. You can bite and suck out the capsule's contents—guaranteed health and youth!
Read More
9
Reduced cholesterol
8 people found this helpful
High-quality omega-3 in a large jar of 240 capsules. I take two daily and have noticed improvements in my wellbeing and lower cholesterol levels. For heart disease, daily intake should be high—around 3 grams. Capsules are effective for this.
We analyzed the impact of different fatty acid-derived acylcarnitines on heart health. The study found that saturated and monounsaturated acylcarnitines, especially trans-elaidoylcarnitine, significantly impaired heart function and mitochondrial activity, leading to cardiotoxicity.
In contrast, omega-3-derived acylcarnitines, like eicosapentaenoylcarnitine and docosahexaenoylcarnitine, were found to be safe, having little to no negative effect on heart function and cell viability. Overall, this research suggests that omega-3 fatty acids may be a safer option for those facing cardiac challenges.
Read More
9
High-dose omega-3 improves heart function
The Optimal Dosage and Duration of ω-3 PUFA Supplementation in Heart Failure Management: Evidence from a Network Meta-Analysis.
We explored how omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can help manage heart failure by analyzing 14 randomized controlled trials involving over 9,000 participants.
Our findings revealed that high doses—between 2000 and 4000 mg daily—taken for at least a year, remarkably improved heart function.
However, lower doses or shorter treatment periods didn’t show the same benefits. Notably, there were no increased risks of adverse events or dropout rates in those taking omega-3 compared to control groups.
Read More
9
Omega-3 reduces heart disease risk
Association of Plasma Omega-3 Levels With Incident Heart Failure and Related Mortalities.
We examined the relationship between plasma omega-3 levels and heart failure (HF), focusing on how this affects mortality in patients with existing HF. Our analysis of the UK Biobank, which included nearly 272,000 participants without HF, showed that higher omega-3 levels were linked to a 21% lower risk of developing HF over nearly 14 years.
For those already diagnosed with HF, higher omega-3 levels significantly reduced the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality by around 50%. These findings suggest that boosting omega-3 intake could be beneficial for heart health.
Read More
9
Omega-3 benefits African Americans’ heart health
Optimal Pair Matching Combined with Machine Learning Predicts a Significant Reduction in Myocardial Infarction Risk in African Americans Following Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation.
We observed that the role of omega-3 fatty acids in heart health showed promising results specifically for African Americans. By comparing matched groups from the VITAL trial, we found that omega-3 supplementation significantly reduced the risk of myocardial infarction in African Americans, while no such benefit was seen in non-Hispanic whites.
This suggests that genetic or lifestyle factors may influence the effectiveness of these supplements. Our findings highlight the importance of further research to better understand how race affects responses to omega-3 supplementation.
Read More
9
Omega-3 lowers coronary risk
A Bayesian Analysis of the VITAL Trial: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Cardiovascular Events.
We explored the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, on heart disease through a significant study known as the VITAL trial. This study involved nearly 26,000 older adults in the U.S. and aimed to determine the effects of daily EPA supplementation on cardiovascular events over an average follow-up of 5.3 years.
Initially, the results from VITAL seemed to show that omega-3 supplementation had no significant effect on major cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. However, by applying Bayesian methods and considering prior research in the field, we observed a more nuanced outcome. Our analysis suggested that taking EPA regularly could significantly reduce the risk of coronary heart disease events, while not showing similar benefits for stroke.
This finding supports the use of omega-3 fatty acids as a preventive measure for heart health, especially regarding coronary events. Although we didn't find evidence of a benefit for all types of cardiovascular events, the enhanced understanding gained from this reanalysis contributes valuable insights for both clinicians and patients considering omega-3 supplementation for heart disease prevention.
I chose this fish oil for its ideal ratio of EPA to DHA (2:1). Omega-3 alleviates depression, enhances vision, and plays a crucial role in brain function while reducing risks of heart disease and cancer. The taste is pleasant, and it doesn't have an unpleasant smell. I can bite into the capsule without swallowing it. I’ve reordered this product several times!
Read More
9
Chronic disease support
19 people found this helpful
A unique product at an affordable price! This quality is hard to find in Ukraine as similar products are much more expensive. It's recommended for health, particularly during training and pregnancy. I take it with vitamin E and other supplements. You can bite and suck out the capsule's contents—guaranteed health and youth!
Read More
9
Reduced cholesterol
8 people found this helpful
High-quality omega-3 in a large jar of 240 capsules. I take two daily and have noticed improvements in my wellbeing and lower cholesterol levels. For heart disease, daily intake should be high—around 3 grams. Capsules are effective for this.
Read More
7.5
Cognitive protection
7 people found this helpful
I've taken omega daily for years, choosing various brands. Omega-3 can preserve cognitive function and potentially inhibit dementia, including Alzheimer’s. I want to ensure I remain healthy for my children to help them in the future.
Read More
9
Cognitive improvement
5 people found this helpful
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are vital omega-3s our bodies can’t synthesise. Following a family regimen of this supplement, we noted improvements in cholesterol levels and cognitive function. I took one capsule in the morning and one in the evening for three months, with no side effects, and felt healthier overall.
Heart disease refers to a range of conditions that affect the heart's function and overall health. This umbrella term includes various cardiovascular issues such as coronary artery disease, which is caused by the buildup of plaque in the arteries; heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias); and heart defects present at birth (congenital heart defects). Additionally, heart disease encompasses conditions related to the heart muscle, such as cardiomyopathy, and the heart's valves, which might not open or close properly. The effects of heart disease can be significant, impacting not only physical health but also quality of life, making prevention and timely medical intervention crucial.
Several risk factors contribute to the development of heart disease, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, diabetes, obesity, poor diet, physical inactivity, and smoking. Genetics also play a role, as heart disease can run in families. To mitigate the risks, healthcare professionals typically recommend lifestyle changes such as adopting a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and avoiding tobacco use. For those already diagnosed with heart disease, treatment options can vary widely, ranging from lifestyle modifications to medications and, in severe cases, surgical interventions. Understanding the nature of heart disease and its risk factors is an essential step toward prevention and effective management.
Omega-3 fish oil is a nutritional supplement derived from the fatty tissues of fish, particularly fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential fats that the body cannot produce on its own. The most significant types of omega-3s found in fish oil are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), both of which are known for their numerous health benefits. These include reducing inflammation, supporting heart health, and promoting brain function.
Incorporating omega-3 fish oil into your diet can be beneficial if you don’t consume enough fish regularly. Many health experts recommend oily fish as a part of a balanced diet due to their high omega-3 content. For those who find it difficult to include fish in their meals, fish oil supplements can offer a convenient alternative, providing the same essential fatty acids in concentrated form. However, it’s essential to choose high-quality supplements that are third-party tested for purity and potency to avoid contaminants such as heavy metals or other toxins that can impact health.
Omega-3 fish oil has long been touted for its potential heart health benefits, and there is a growing body of research that supports its positive role in cardiovascular health. Omega-3 fatty acids—primarily EPA and DHA, found in fish oil—are known to help reduce inflammation, lower triglyceride levels, and may improve arterial function. Studies suggest that regular consumption of omega-3s can lead to a modest reduction in the risk of heart disease, particularly for those with existing cardiovascular conditions or elevated risk factors.
However, it's essential to note that while omega-3 fish oil can be beneficial, it should not be seen as a standalone treatment for heart disease. It's most effective when used in conjunction with a heart-healthy lifestyle, which includes a balanced diet, regular exercise, and other preventative measures. As always, it's recommended to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen, especially for individuals with existing health issues or those on medication. Keep in mind that the effectiveness can vary from person to person, depending on individual health profiles and dietary needs.
Based on user reviews, the time it typically takes to see results from taking omega-3 supplements for heart disease varies, but many users report noticing benefits within as little as three months. For instance, one user mentioned taking a regimen for three months and observing improvements in cholesterol levels and overall health Read Review. Another user, after using the supplement for a short duration, also noted significant changes in their health and cholesterol levels, further emphasizing the importance of consistency in dosage Read Review.
It's important to note that the daily intake may play a crucial role in achieving these results. Users suggest that a daily intake of 3 grams or more is often necessary for those with heart disease to see impactful changes Read ReviewRead Review. Overall, while individual results may vary based on health conditions and lifestyle, most users tend to notice positive changes within a few months of consistent supplementation.
Recent studies provide substantial evidence supporting the use of omega-3 fatty acids in promoting heart health and potentially preventing heart disease. Research highlights that low omega-3 intake is significantly linked to an increased burden of ischemic heart disease globally ([2]). Supplementing with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) has demonstrated promising results in improving heart function, especially in high-fat diet scenarios, by reducing the incidence of arrhythmias and improving overall heart rhythm stability ([3]). Furthermore, a network meta-analysis demonstrated that higher doses of omega-3, specifically over time, can significantly enhance heart function without increasing risk for adverse events ([6]).
Moreover, omega-3 supplementation has been shown to have protective effects against coronary heart disease, even in patients with controlled cholesterol levels, suggesting its effectiveness across various profiles ([5]). Notably, the VITAL trial indicated that regular intake of omega-3 could lower coronary heart disease events, providing further evidence of omega-3's beneficial role in cardiovascular health ([17]). In summary, the growing body of scientific data emphasizes the potential of omega-3 fatty acids as a versatile and effective supplementation option for heart disease, meriting consideration for those looking to improve their cardiovascular health.
Based on user reviews, many individuals have reported notable improvements in their overall health after incorporating omega-3 supplements into their daily routines. Users commonly highlight enhancements in heart health, including lower cholesterol levels, which has been crucial for those with pre-existing conditions or concerns about cardiovascular disease Read Review. Additionally, several reviewers have mentioned cognitive benefits, with users noticing better concentration and memory retention as well as a perceived reduction in the risks of neurodegenerative diseases Read Review.
Beyond cardiovascular and cognitive improvements, users have also shared positive experiences regarding skin and hair health, as well as reduced inflammation within their bodies Read Review. Some have noticed that regular intake of omega-3 has led to improved energy levels and overall well-being, with specific mentions of fewer viral and respiratory illnesses after consistent use Read Review. It’s important to remember that individual results can vary significantly based on factors such as lifestyle, dosage, and pre-existing health conditions, but the consensus among users indicates a wide array of health benefits from omega-3 supplementation.
According to user reviews, many individuals have reported successfully combining omega-3 supplements with other dietary aids to enhance their management of heart disease. For instance, one user noted taking omega-3 alongside vitamin E and other supplements, highlighting its positive role in overall health during training and pregnancy Read Review. Another user mentioned using evening primrose oil in conjunction with omega-3, which they reported as being effective for boosting their immune system and halting infections when necessary Read Review.
Moreover, users emphasize the importance of a daily omega-3 intake of 3 grams or more for notable health benefits, particularly for those with heart disease Read Review. They have also observed improvements in cholesterol levels when maintaining a consistent regimen, indicating that combining omega-3 with other supplements can yield synergistic benefits, particularly in the context of heart health Read Review. Overall, user reports suggest that effective supplementation, tailored to individual needs, can significantly enhance health outcomes related to heart disease.
Based on recent research, the optimal dose of Omega-3 Fish Oil for treating heart disease appears to be between 2000 and 4000 mg daily. A study analyzing 14 randomized controlled trials with over 9,000 participants found that high doses significantly improved heart function when taken consistently for at least a year [6]. Lower doses or shorter treatment periods, however, did not yield the same benefits, indicating the importance of consistent, higher dosing over time for achieving optimal results in heart health management.
Moreover, the efficacy of Omega-3, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), has been shown to reduce cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. A clinical trial involving statin-treated individuals indicated that those supplementing with icosapent ethyl, a purified form of EPA, experienced significantly fewer cardiovascular issues compared to those on placebo [5]. Therefore, for those looking to enhance heart health, adhering to a regimen of 2000 to 4000 mg of Omega-3 Fish Oil daily, particularly in medical contexts, seems to be a wise approach.
9
Cognitive improvement
5 people found this helpful
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are vital omega-3s our bodies can’t synthesise. Following a family regimen of this supplement, we noted improvements in cholesterol levels and cognitive function. I took one capsule in the morning and one in the evening for three months, with no side effects, and felt healthier overall.
7.5
Manage cholesterol
4 people found this helpful
Excellent omega-3 in a large jar of 240 capsules. I take three daily, experiencing better health and lower cholesterol levels. For those with heart disease, intake should be at least 3 grams daily. Always check omega-3 content when buying.
9
Reduced cholesterol
8 people found this helpful
High-quality omega-3 in a large jar of 240 capsules. I take two daily and have noticed improvements in my wellbeing and lower cholesterol levels. For heart disease, daily intake should be high—around 3 grams. Capsules are effective for this.
7.5
Supports cholesterol balance
9 people found this helpful
Excellent value for money. I recommend taking at least 2 capsules daily, as 600 mg of EPA-DHA may be insufficient for benefit. My husband, after a heart attack, had his HDL cholesterol levels rise for the first time in years after starting omega. It proves beneficial for heart disease risk reduction.
7.5
Cognitive protection
7 people found this helpful
I've taken omega daily for years, choosing various brands. Omega-3 can preserve cognitive function and potentially inhibit dementia, including Alzheimer’s. I want to ensure I remain healthy for my children to help them in the future.
9
Joint pain relief
1 people found this helpful
Omega-3 offers a superb price-quality ratio. I used it alongside curcumin for joint pain prevention. The ethyl ester form ensures high omega-3 concentration without harmful impurities. My joint pains have disappeared, and I've experienced an improvement in hair quality, contributing to my overall health.
10
Reduces heart issues
1 people found this helpful
I have been taking these capsules continuously for two years and have stopped getting viral and respiratory illnesses. I highly recommend them!
9
Chronic disease support
19 people found this helpful
A unique product at an affordable price! This quality is hard to find in Ukraine as similar products are much more expensive. It's recommended for health, particularly during training and pregnancy. I take it with vitamin E and other supplements. You can bite and suck out the capsule's contents—guaranteed health and youth!
9
Improved heart health
1 people found this helpful
One of the best fish oils available—great value for a high dosage of EPA and DHA. I take a softgel daily for heart disease prevention and to boost my immune system. If I catch a viral infection, I double my dosage and add an evening primrose oil softgel, which effectively halts the infection.
4
Omega-3 deficiency linked to heart disease
A global analysis of the burden of ischemic heart disease attributable to diet low in ω-3 fatty acids between 1990 and 2021.
We examined how a diet deficient in omega-3 fatty acids correlates with the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) from 1990 to 2021.
The findings reveal a concerning association: low omega-3 intake contributed to millions of disability-adjusted life years and deaths globally, indicating a notable impact on heart health.
While some regions, like South Asia, faced a higher burden, the overall trend shows that promoting healthier diets rich in omega-3 could be pivotal in reducing heart disease risk.
8
EPA lowers heart rhythm problems
Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents atrial electrocardiographic impairments and atrial fibrillation in high fat diet mice.
We investigated how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) affects heart rhythm, particularly in the context of high-fat diets. In our study, mice were divided into two groups: one received a high-fat diet, while the other’s diet was supplemented with EPA for eight weeks.
We observed that the mice on a high-fat diet experienced severe heart rhythm issues, such as bradycardia and atrial fibrillation (AF). In contrast, the EPA group showed significantly less AF and better heart function. These results suggest that including EPA in the diet could be a promising strategy to support heart health and reduce the risk of arrhythmias.
9
High-dose omega-3 improves heart function
The Optimal Dosage and Duration of ω-3 PUFA Supplementation in Heart Failure Management: Evidence from a Network Meta-Analysis.
We explored how omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can help manage heart failure by analyzing 14 randomized controlled trials involving over 9,000 participants.
Our findings revealed that high doses—between 2000 and 4000 mg daily—taken for at least a year, remarkably improved heart function.
However, lower doses or shorter treatment periods didn’t show the same benefits. Notably, there were no increased risks of adverse events or dropout rates in those taking omega-3 compared to control groups.
8
Omega-3 reduces heart disease risk
Cardiovascular Outcomes With Icosapent Ethyl by Baseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Secondary Analysis of the REDUCE-IT Randomized Trial.
We explored the effectiveness of icosapent ethyl, a form of omega-3 fish oil, in lowering heart disease rates among high-risk patients with varying cholesterol levels.
In a clinical trial with statin-treated individuals who had elevated triglycerides, it was found that those taking icosapent ethyl experienced significantly fewer cardiovascular events compared to those on a placebo.
Notably, this benefit was seen regardless of their baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, indicating positive outcomes even for patients with well-controlled cholesterol.
9
Omega-3 lowers coronary risk
A Bayesian Analysis of the VITAL Trial: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Cardiovascular Events.
We explored the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, on heart disease through a significant study known as the VITAL trial. This study involved nearly 26,000 older adults in the U.S. and aimed to determine the effects of daily EPA supplementation on cardiovascular events over an average follow-up of 5.3 years.
Initially, the results from VITAL seemed to show that omega-3 supplementation had no significant effect on major cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. However, by applying Bayesian methods and considering prior research in the field, we observed a more nuanced outcome. Our analysis suggested that taking EPA regularly could significantly reduce the risk of coronary heart disease events, while not showing similar benefits for stroke.
This finding supports the use of omega-3 fatty acids as a preventive measure for heart health, especially regarding coronary events. Although we didn't find evidence of a benefit for all types of cardiovascular events, the enhanced understanding gained from this reanalysis contributes valuable insights for both clinicians and patients considering omega-3 supplementation for heart disease prevention.
References
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Xu J, Peng T, Kong L, Wei N. A global analysis of the burden of ischemic heart disease attributable to diet low in ω-3 fatty acids between 1990 and 2021. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2025;25:188. 10.1186/s12872-025-04620-z
Horii K, Ono K, Sumi T, Higashihara M, Zaima N, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents atrial electrocardiographic impairments and atrial fibrillation in high fat diet mice. J Physiol Sci. 2025;75:100014. 10.1016/j.jphyss.2025.100014
Dawczynski C, Drobner T, Weidauer T, Schlattmann P, Kiehntopf M, et al. Reduction of cardiovascular risk factors by the diet - Evaluation of the MoKaRi concept by a parallel-designed randomized study. Lipids Health Dis. 2025;24:88. 10.1186/s12944-025-02500-1
Aggarwal R, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, et al. Cardiovascular Outcomes With Icosapent Ethyl by Baseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Secondary Analysis of the REDUCE-IT Randomized Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14:e038656. 10.1161/JAHA.124.038656
Tseng PT, Zeng BY, Hsu CW, Liang CS, Stubbs B, et al. The Optimal Dosage and Duration of ω-3 PUFA Supplementation in Heart Failure Management: Evidence from a Network Meta-Analysis. Adv Nutr. 2025;16:100366. 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100366
Hemmati R, Bahrami Zanjanbar D, Shishesaz MI, Soleimani A, Yari T. The impact of Omega-3 supplementation on arrhythmia reduction in acute coronary syndrome patients: a randomized clinical trial. J Complement Integr Med. 2025;22:173. 10.1515/jcim-2024-0427
Wang Y, Wu G, Wang Y, Rehman A, Yu L, et al. Recent developments, challenges, and prospects of dietary omega-3 PUFA-fortified foods: Focusing on their effects on cardiovascular diseases. Food Chem. 2025;470:142498. 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.142498
Jawad MA, O'Keefe JH, Tintle N, O'Keefe EL, Franco WG, et al. Association of Plasma Omega-3 Levels With Incident Heart Failure and Related Mortalities. Mayo Clin Proc. 2024;99:1895. 10.1016/j.mayocp.2024.08.007
Lee YQ, Tan KH, Chong MF. Biomarkers of PUFA and cardiovascular risk factors and events in healthy Asian populations: a systematic review. Br J Nutr. 2024;132:1474. 10.1017/S0007114524002708
Li J, Nan W, Huang X, Meng H, Wang S, et al. Eicosapentaenoic acid induces macrophage Mox polarization to prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy. EMBO Rep. 2024;25:5507. 10.1038/s44319-024-00271-x
Ryuno Y, Kobayashi JI, Fujimoto Y, Dotare T, Matsue Y, et al. Effect of an Enteral Formula Enriched With ω-3 Fatty Acids, Carnitine, and Vitamin D on Body Weight, Heart Weight, and Blood Biochemical Parameters in a Dahl Rat Heart Failure Model. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2024;84:590. 10.1097/FJC.0000000000001637
Sun S, Hara A, Johnstone L, Hallmark B, Watkins JC, et al. Optimal Pair Matching Combined with Machine Learning Predicts a Significant Reduction in Myocardial Infarction Risk in African Americans Following Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16172933
Ahmadi M, Askari VR, Shahri B, Mousavi Noghab SM, Jarahi L, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids effectively mitigate high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) biomarker of inflammation in acute myocardial infarction patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025;398:881. 10.1007/s00210-024-03330-1
Chen HC, Tai CJ, Huang JY, Kuo TA, Huang YD, et al. Associations of fish oil with cardiovascular disease events: results from the Taiwan longitudinal study in aging. BMC Public Health. 2024;24:1979. 10.1186/s12889-024-19512-8
Yu Y, Gao M, Xu H. Ginger Extract and Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation: A Promising Strategy to Improve Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Physiol Res. 2024;73:351.
Hamaya R, Cook NR, Sesso HD, Buring JE, Manson JE. A Bayesian Analysis of the VITAL Trial: Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Cardiovascular Events. Am J Clin Nutr. 2025. 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2025.02.028
Patil T, Gregory M, Savona N, Jarmukli N, Leonard CE. Evaluating the Real-World Safety of Icosapent Ethyl Versus Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid in Nationwide US Veterans Cohort: Examining Atrial Fibrillation and Bleeding Endpoints. Clin Drug Investig. 2025;45:69. 10.1007/s40261-024-01417-4
Kim JY, Kong SYJ, Jung E, Cho YS. Omega-3 Fatty Acids as Potential Predictors of Sudden Cardiac Death and Cardiovascular Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med. 2024;14. 10.3390/jcm14010026
Capece U, Gugliandolo S, Morciano C, Avolio A, Splendore A, et al. Erythrocyte Membrane Fluidity and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake: Current Outlook and Perspectives for a Novel, Nutritionally Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factor. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16244318
Fukuda T, Nakajima T, Hasegawa T, Amano H, Arikawa T, et al. Relationship Between Serum ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Concentration and Fatty Acid Fraction of Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease. Cureus. 2024;16:e73417. 10.7759/cureus.73417
O'Keefe EL, O'Keefe JH, Abuissa H, Metzinger M, Murray E, et al. Omega-3 and Risk of atrial fibrillation: Vagally-mediated double-edged sword. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2024. 10.1016/j.pcad.2024.11.003
Choi GY, Calder PC. The differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on cardiovascular risk factors: an updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1423228. 10.3389/fnut.2024.1423228
Amangurbanova M, Daher R, Asbeutah AA, Vemuri B, Mirza H, et al. Higher epicardial adipose tissue volume is associated with higher coronary fatty plaque volume and is regulated by waist circumference but not EPA+DHA supplementation. J Clin Lipidol. 2024;18:e773. 10.1016/j.jacl.2024.06.006
Kumakura H, Funada R, Matsuo Y, Iwasaki T, Nakashima K, et al. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Level Predicts Long-Term Survival and Cardiovascular or Limb Event in Peripheral Arterial Disease. Ann Vasc Dis. 2024;17:135. 10.3400/avd.oa.23-00079
Xiao Y, Chen Y, Pietzner A, Elbelt U, Fan Z, et al. Circulating Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Levels in Coronary Heart Disease: Pooled Analysis of 36 Observational Studies. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16111610
Asbeutah AA, Daher R, Malik A, Hariri E, Alfaddagh A, et al. The Effect of Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Coronary Artery Calcium Progression in Subjects With Diabetes and Coronary Artery Disease: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial. Am J Cardiol. 2024;225:98. 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.06.001
Sudo Y, Morimoto T, Tsushima R, Oka A, Sogo M, et al. Eicosapentaenoic Acid and the Outcomes in Older Patients Undergoing Atrial Fibrillation Ablation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2024;13:e033969. 10.1161/JAHA.123.033969
Miyauchi K, Iwata H, Nishizaki Y, Inoue T, Hirayama A, et al. Randomized Trial for Evaluation in Secondary Prevention Efficacy of Combination Therapy-Statin and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (RESPECT-EPA). Circulation. 2024;150:425. 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.065520
Shi F, Chowdhury R, Sofianopoulou E, Koulman A, Sun L, et al. Association of circulating fatty acids with cardiovascular disease risk: analysis of individual-level data in three large prospective cohorts and updated meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2025;32:233. 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae315
Lv L, Guo Y, Zheng Z, Li B. Blood metabolites mediate effects of breakfast skipping on heart failure via Mendelian randomization analysis. Sci Rep. 2024;14:18957. 10.1038/s41598-024-69874-7
Wang Y, Yang B, Wang C. The association between fatty acids and atherosclerotic diseases: A mendelian randomization study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2024;63:447. 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.06.018
Tian S, Guo T, Qian F, Qiu Z, Lu Q, et al. Fish Oil, Plasma n-3 PUFAs, and Risk of Macro- and Microvascular Complications among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2024. 10.1210/clinem/dgae482
Dinu M, Sofi F, Lotti S, Colombini B, Mattioli AV, et al. Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on coronary revascularization and cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2024;31:1863. 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae184
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