We explored how zinc levels impact cancer cells and immune function, particularly focusing on macrophages, which are crucial for our body’s defense against tumors. Our research revealed that cancer cells often have decreased expression of specific genes tied to immune response, and this links to resistance against therapies designed to unblock immune checkpoints.
By upregulating a zinc importer known as SLC39A9, these cancer cells manage to hoard zinc for themselves, leaving the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) depleted of this vital nutrient. This competition for zinc results in macrophages becoming zinc-starved, which diminishes their ability to perform essential tasks like engulfing and destroying cancer cells.
Interestingly, we found that when we replenished zinc levels in the TME—through a dietary intervention—these macrophages could regain their pro-phagocytic function. This change significantly improved the response of certain tumors to immunotherapy treatments. Notably, T cells weren’t required for this transformation, indicating that macrophages alone play a pivotal role.
Our results are clinically relevant, showing that cancer patients with reduced zinc levels in their body tend to experience worse outcomes. Overall, we identified a new mechanism by which cancer cells can disrupt immune function, highlighting zinc’s critical role in both tumor environments and immunotherapy effectiveness.
Read More
9
Zinc works alongside nanomedicine
Cascade specific endogenous Fe interference and catalysis for tumor therapy with stemness suppression.
We investigated an innovative approach to cancer treatment by using a special nanomedicine that combines zinc with a compound called 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (DHT). This combination aims to target the cancer stem-like cells, which are known for their role in tumor recurrence and spread.
The nanomedicine works by effectively pulling in the cancer's own iron and releasing zinc. This process not only helps in reducing the iron levels in tumors but also enhances the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are crucial for damaging cancer cells. By lowering iron, we push the cancer stem cells towards differentiation, while the increased ROS levels help trigger cell death.
What's especially compelling about our findings is that this treatment appears to tackle both aggressive cancer stem-like cells and the bulk of the tumor, showing promise in preventing cancer growth, recurrence, and metastasis. The results have been especially notable in cases of triple-negative breast tumors, providing an exciting potential path for future cancer therapies that take advantage of these properties.
Read More
8
Zinc's role in cancer immunity
Implanted Microneedles Loaded with Sparfloxacin and Zinc-Manganese Sulfide Nanoparticles Activates Immunity for Postoperative Triple-Negative Breast Cancer to Prevent Recurrence and Metastasis.
We investigated the impact of zinc, specifically when combined with manganese sulfide, on preventing the recurrence of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) post-surgery. This approach involved microneedles loaded with Sparfloxacin and zinc-manganese sulfide, which were targeted for localized treatment to enhance immune response while also addressing wound infection risk.
Through this innovative design, we observed that the zinc-manganese formulation not only displayed strong antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties but also played a role in promoting immune activation. This led to significant reductions in tumor growth and lung metastasis, alongside improved wound healing. The therapy activated key immune pathways, particularly the cGAS-STING pathway, which further bolstered the body’s ability to fight cancer cells.
Overall, the results suggest that zinc, paired with manganese, can provide an effective strategy for enhancing both local and systemic immune responses. This has promising implications for preventing cancer recurrence, particularly in challenging cases like TNBC, paving the way for potential new treatment approaches in oncology.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Prevented hair loss
2 people found this helpful
I began taking this during the pandemic for immune support and later shared it with a friend undergoing cancer treatments. After starting the zinc/copper supplement, he noticed his hair loss from the treatments stopped. Such a significant improvement has made me grateful for this product.
Read More
7.5
Research on immunity
22 people found this helpful
After extensive research on bovine colostrum, I learned it may boost the immune system against diseases like cancer. I understand scepticism – many doubt natural remedies due to pharmaceutical influences. However, those looking for help in battling disease should explore this. It's known that GcMaf can remove cancer cells, and I hope it aids me as well. I began this regimen recently, hence my four-star rating.
Read More
9
Protects against cancer
4 people found this helpful
Zinc resembles a superhero in reducing oxidative stress and risks of serious diseases like cancer. It is essential, especially during global health crises. I take it to bolster my immunity and help protect against infections, asserting its significance in both seasonal illnesses and Covid-19. I wholeheartedly endorse this supplement!
Zinc-copper bimetallic nanoplatforms trigger photothermal-amplified cuproptosis and cGAS-STING activation for enhancing triple-negative breast cancer immunotherapy.
We developed an innovative treatment approach for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) using zinc-copper bimetallic nanoplatforms. These specially designed nanostructures help promote a type of cell death known as cuproptosis while also boosting the immune system's response to tumors. By leveraging these properties, we aimed to find a way to make existing immune therapies more effective against TNBC, which is notoriously difficult to treat.
The mechanism behind this approach involves the nanoplatforms releasing both zinc and copper ions within the acidic environment of tumors. This releases hydroxyl radicals and impacts certain proteins in cancer cells, disrupting their function and leading to cell death. Additionally, the released mitochondrial DNA works alongside zinc to activate pathways that boost the immune response, ultimately helping to improve the effectiveness of anti-PD-L1 treatments.
Furthermore, we observed that using a near-infrared laser significantly enhances these effects. Together, the combination of our nanoplatforms and immune therapies results in a powerful treatment strategy, showcasing zinc's potential role in fighting TNBC.
Overall, our findings suggest a promising new direction for TNBC therapy by uniting the benefits of cuproptosis, immune activation, and laser therapy.
Read More
9
Zinc works alongside nanomedicine
Cascade specific endogenous Fe interference and catalysis for tumor therapy with stemness suppression.
We investigated an innovative approach to cancer treatment by using a special nanomedicine that combines zinc with a compound called 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (DHT). This combination aims to target the cancer stem-like cells, which are known for their role in tumor recurrence and spread.
The nanomedicine works by effectively pulling in the cancer's own iron and releasing zinc. This process not only helps in reducing the iron levels in tumors but also enhances the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are crucial for damaging cancer cells. By lowering iron, we push the cancer stem cells towards differentiation, while the increased ROS levels help trigger cell death.
What's especially compelling about our findings is that this treatment appears to tackle both aggressive cancer stem-like cells and the bulk of the tumor, showing promise in preventing cancer growth, recurrence, and metastasis. The results have been especially notable in cases of triple-negative breast tumors, providing an exciting potential path for future cancer therapies that take advantage of these properties.
Read More
8
Zinc's role in cancer immunity
Implanted Microneedles Loaded with Sparfloxacin and Zinc-Manganese Sulfide Nanoparticles Activates Immunity for Postoperative Triple-Negative Breast Cancer to Prevent Recurrence and Metastasis.
We investigated the impact of zinc, specifically when combined with manganese sulfide, on preventing the recurrence of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) post-surgery. This approach involved microneedles loaded with Sparfloxacin and zinc-manganese sulfide, which were targeted for localized treatment to enhance immune response while also addressing wound infection risk.
Through this innovative design, we observed that the zinc-manganese formulation not only displayed strong antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties but also played a role in promoting immune activation. This led to significant reductions in tumor growth and lung metastasis, alongside improved wound healing. The therapy activated key immune pathways, particularly the cGAS-STING pathway, which further bolstered the body’s ability to fight cancer cells.
Overall, the results suggest that zinc, paired with manganese, can provide an effective strategy for enhancing both local and systemic immune responses. This has promising implications for preventing cancer recurrence, particularly in challenging cases like TNBC, paving the way for potential new treatment approaches in oncology.
Read More
8
Zinc may lower prostate cancer risk
Association of composite dietary antioxidant index with high risk of prostate cancer in middle-aged and elderly men: insights from NHANES.
Our exploration focused on how dietary antioxidants, particularly zinc, relate to prostate cancer risks in middle-aged and older men. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which included over 5,600 participants, to investigate these associations.
We discovered that higher levels of a composite dietary antioxidant index, which includes zinc, were linked to a reduced risk of prostate cancer. Specifically, zinc and selenium showed strong protective effects. This implies that including adequate amounts of these nutrients in our diet may help lower prostate cancer risk.
Ultimately, our findings suggest that maintaining a diet rich in antioxidants, like zinc, could offer significant benefits for prostate health, especially among older men. It's a fascinating area of research that underscores the importance of nutrition in cancer prevention.
Read More
8
Zinc's role in cancer immunity
cancer cells outcompete macrophages for microenvironmental zinc to drive immunotherapy resistance.
We explored how zinc levels impact cancer cells and immune function, particularly focusing on macrophages, which are crucial for our body’s defense against tumors. Our research revealed that cancer cells often have decreased expression of specific genes tied to immune response, and this links to resistance against therapies designed to unblock immune checkpoints.
By upregulating a zinc importer known as SLC39A9, these cancer cells manage to hoard zinc for themselves, leaving the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) depleted of this vital nutrient. This competition for zinc results in macrophages becoming zinc-starved, which diminishes their ability to perform essential tasks like engulfing and destroying cancer cells.
Interestingly, we found that when we replenished zinc levels in the TME—through a dietary intervention—these macrophages could regain their pro-phagocytic function. This change significantly improved the response of certain tumors to immunotherapy treatments. Notably, T cells weren’t required for this transformation, indicating that macrophages alone play a pivotal role.
Our results are clinically relevant, showing that cancer patients with reduced zinc levels in their body tend to experience worse outcomes. Overall, we identified a new mechanism by which cancer cells can disrupt immune function, highlighting zinc’s critical role in both tumor environments and immunotherapy effectiveness.
I began taking this during the pandemic for immune support and later shared it with a friend undergoing cancer treatments. After starting the zinc/copper supplement, he noticed his hair loss from the treatments stopped. Such a significant improvement has made me grateful for this product.
Read More
7.5
Research on immunity
22 people found this helpful
After extensive research on bovine colostrum, I learned it may boost the immune system against diseases like cancer. I understand scepticism – many doubt natural remedies due to pharmaceutical influences. However, those looking for help in battling disease should explore this. It's known that GcMaf can remove cancer cells, and I hope it aids me as well. I began this regimen recently, hence my four-star rating.
Read More
9
Protects against cancer
4 people found this helpful
Zinc resembles a superhero in reducing oxidative stress and risks of serious diseases like cancer. It is essential, especially during global health crises. I take it to bolster my immunity and help protect against infections, asserting its significance in both seasonal illnesses and Covid-19. I wholeheartedly endorse this supplement!
Read More
7.5
Immune support against cancer
1 people found this helpful
This zinc-copper complex is remarkable! It strengthens the immune system, aids in wound healing, and promotes healthy skin and hair, all while reducing the risk of cancer. The small capsules are easy to take, making this an excellent addition to my health routine. The correct balance of zinc and copper is crucial as well.
Read More
7.5
Prevents cancer risks
827 people found this helpful
Zinc is a crucial mineral for our body, acting as an antioxidant to shield against infections. It's essential for reducing cold duration, enhancing skin gland function, and minimising skin rashes. Zinc also supports metabolism and the bone, nervous, and reproductive systems. Its deficiency can lead to severe illnesses, including cancer. I recommend everyone, particularly women, consider zinc supplements for these benefits.
Cancer is a complex group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body. These cells can form tumors, invade nearby tissues, and metastasize to other parts of the body via the bloodstream or lymphatic system. While cancer can affect nearly any part of the body, it is classified into various types, including carcinomas, sarcomas, leukemia, and lymphomas, each originating from different types of cells. Risk factors for developing cancer can include genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices such as smoking and diet, environmental exposures, and certain infections.
Diagnosis typically involves medical imaging, biopsies, and a thorough review of personal and family health histories. Treatment options vary widely depending on the type and stage of cancer and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. Early detection is crucial and can significantly improve treatment outcomes, leading to better survival rates. As awareness and research continue to advance, new methods for prevention, detection, and treatment of cancer are consistently being developed, offering hope to those affected by this challenging disease.
Zinc is a versatile metal known for its various applications in industry and health. It is a bluish-white metallic element represented by the symbol Zn and atomic number 30 on the periodic table. Zinc is primarily used for galvanizing steel to prevent rusting, in the manufacturing of alloys, and as a component in batteries. Additionally, zinc plays a crucial role in biological processes, making it an essential trace element in the human diet. It is involved in immune function, protein synthesis, wound healing, and DNA synthesis, highlighting its importance in maintaining overall health and well-being.
Based on user reviews, the timeframe for noticing results from taking a zinc and copper supplement varies among individuals. Some users suggest that the benefits of the supplement, particularly in bolstering immune function and reducing risks associated with serious diseases like cancer, may be experienced over a longer duration of consistent use. A user mentioned that these capsules are effective over a long period, indicating that one might not see immediate results but can expect gradual improvements over time Read Review.
Additionally, several users have reported positive outcomes related to health and wellness, implying a cumulative effect from regular intake. For instance, one user noted its supportive role after prostate cancer surgery, underscoring its long-term benefits even if they are not immediately apparent Read Review. Overall, while specific timelines are not specified in the reviews, an ongoing commitment to the supplement is suggested for optimal results.
The potential of zinc as a supplement in cancer treatment is gaining traction in scientific research. A study focused on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) highlighted that a zinc-manganese sulfide combination, delivered via microneedles, successfully stimulated immune responses and significantly reduced tumor growth and metastasis [1]. Similarly, another study showed that dietary zinc, particularly in conjunction with other antioxidants, may be linked to a reduced risk of prostate cancer, suggesting that a diet rich in zinc could have protective effects on prostate health [2].
The use of zinc doesn't stop there; it has also shown promise in alleviating side effects of cancer treatment. Research indicated that zinc supplementation might help reduce oral mucositis—a painful condition associated with head and neck cancer treatments—improving patient comfort and potentially enhancing treatment compliance [3]. Furthermore, innovative applications, such as zinc-copper nanoplatforms, are enhancing TNBC treatment by promoting immune responses and enhancing the effectiveness of existing therapies [4]. Although more studies are necessary to fully establish its role and optimize dosages in clinical settings, current findings underscore zinc's significant potential in cancer prevention and treatment.
Users have reported a wide range of improvements in their health after using the zinc and copper supplement, emphasizing its role in immune support, skin health, and overall well-being. Many users, for instance, highlight zinc's effectiveness as an antioxidant that not only helps shield against infections but also plays an essential role in reducing the duration of colds and promoting skin health Read Review, Read Review. The combination of zinc and copper seems to enhance these benefits, with several users stating that it reduces the risk of serious conditions like cancer, reinforcing its importance throughout various health crises Read Review.
Anecdotal evidence also suggests that users have experienced improvements in skin conditions, enhanced metabolism, and better wound healing, with many recommending it as a vital addition to their health regimen Read Review, Read Review. Additionally, users have noted that the small, easy-to-swallow capsules make it convenient to incorporate into daily routines Read Review. While individual results can vary, the positive feedback underscores the supplement’s potential benefits for comprehensive health support.
Users have provided positive feedback on the efficacy of combining this zinc and copper supplement with other vitamins for combating cancer. Many report that the antioxidant properties of zinc not only bolster the immune system but also play a preventive role against serious diseases like cancer Read Review. The synergistic effects of zinc and copper are frequently highlighted, as they collectively work to enhance overall health, facilitate wound healing, and maintain skin vitality, thereby becoming a vital part of users' health regimens in the fight against cancer Read Review.
Additionally, users have indicated that they take this supplement alongside other health aids post-cancer treatments, underscoring its important role in recovery. One reviewer mentioned that their father, after prostate cancer surgery, benefited from the supplement’s antioxidant properties, providing a sense of comfort and support during recovery Read Review. Overall, combining this supplement with other health measures appears to be a common strategy among users, with many describing it as an outstanding addition to their cancer management plans Read Review.
Users report that zinc plays a critical role in enhancing immune function and reducing the risk of serious diseases like cancer. Many reviews emphasize its antioxidant properties, which help shield against infections and support various bodily functions. For instance, one user highlighted the essentiality of zinc, particularly during health crises, stating it bolsters immunity and protects against serious illnesses, including cancer Read Review. Another review specifically mentions that zinc is vital for preventing diseases like cancer, suggesting that a supplement combining zinc and copper offers added benefits Read Review.
However, while several users laud the benefits of zinc, there are hints that finding the right dosage is essential. Some reviews caution that taking zinc on an empty stomach may lead to nausea, indicating that timing and consumption with food might influence tolerance and effectiveness Read Review. Overall, user experiences suggest that incorporating zinc into a health routine may be beneficial, particularly in managing cancer-related symptoms and preventing infections.
7.5
Supports skin and cancer
5 people found this helpful
This zinc-copper complex is outstanding! Zinc shields against infections and supports skin health, metabolism, and reduces cancer risk. The capsules are easy to swallow and are effective over a long period. Just be wary of nausea when taken on an empty stomach. Highly recommended for its numerous benefits.
7.5
Nutritional support post-cancer
2 people found this helpful
My father takes this supplement after his prostate cancer surgery due to its antioxidant properties. It's beneficial for men, and my husband also takes it for added support. My son uses it for skin issues. This small supplement packs a powerful nutritional punch.
9
Protects against cancer
4 people found this helpful
Zinc resembles a superhero in reducing oxidative stress and risks of serious diseases like cancer. It is essential, especially during global health crises. I take it to bolster my immunity and help protect against infections, asserting its significance in both seasonal illnesses and Covid-19. I wholeheartedly endorse this supplement!
7.5
Antioxidant for health
210 people found this helpful
This complex of zinc and copper is vital. Zinc functions as an antioxidant, acting against infections, and is necessary for immune strength and reducing cold duration. It enhances skin health and reduces the risk of cancer, among other benefits. Copper, too, is crucial for well-being, especially for women's skin health.
7.5
Immune support against cancer
1 people found this helpful
This zinc-copper complex is remarkable! It strengthens the immune system, aids in wound healing, and promotes healthy skin and hair, all while reducing the risk of cancer. The small capsules are easy to take, making this an excellent addition to my health routine. The correct balance of zinc and copper is crucial as well.
7.5
Effective cancer prevention
168 people found this helpful
I find this zinc and copper complex excellent for treatment and prevention. Zinc acts as a natural shield against infections and helps maintain skin and metabolic health. Its correct ratio with copper ensures it doesn't displace zinc. It supports various bodily functions, including reducing the risk of cancer, and is well tolerated with meals.
7.5
Critical for cancer health
4 people found this helpful
The combination of zinc and copper in this supplement is impressive. Zinc is vital for immune function and prevents infections and cancer, while also supporting skin health and hair growth. Copper helps with several bodily functions, making this a comprehensive supplement for overall health and disease prevention.
8
Zinc's role in cancer immunity
Implanted Microneedles Loaded with Sparfloxacin and Zinc-Manganese Sulfide Nanoparticles Activates Immunity for Postoperative Triple-Negative Breast Cancer to Prevent Recurrence and Metastasis.
We investigated the impact of zinc, specifically when combined with manganese sulfide, on preventing the recurrence of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) post-surgery. This approach involved microneedles loaded with Sparfloxacin and zinc-manganese sulfide, which were targeted for localized treatment to enhance immune response while also addressing wound infection risk.
Through this innovative design, we observed that the zinc-manganese formulation not only displayed strong antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties but also played a role in promoting immune activation. This led to significant reductions in tumor growth and lung metastasis, alongside improved wound healing. The therapy activated key immune pathways, particularly the cGAS-STING pathway, which further bolstered the body’s ability to fight cancer cells.
Overall, the results suggest that zinc, paired with manganese, can provide an effective strategy for enhancing both local and systemic immune responses. This has promising implications for preventing cancer recurrence, particularly in challenging cases like TNBC, paving the way for potential new treatment approaches in oncology.
8
Zinc may lower prostate cancer risk
Association of composite dietary antioxidant index with high risk of prostate cancer in middle-aged and elderly men: insights from NHANES.
Our exploration focused on how dietary antioxidants, particularly zinc, relate to prostate cancer risks in middle-aged and older men. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which included over 5,600 participants, to investigate these associations.
We discovered that higher levels of a composite dietary antioxidant index, which includes zinc, were linked to a reduced risk of prostate cancer. Specifically, zinc and selenium showed strong protective effects. This implies that including adequate amounts of these nutrients in our diet may help lower prostate cancer risk.
Ultimately, our findings suggest that maintaining a diet rich in antioxidants, like zinc, could offer significant benefits for prostate health, especially among older men. It's a fascinating area of research that underscores the importance of nutrition in cancer prevention.
7
Zinc may alleviate oral mucositis
Zinc Shield: Efficacy in Mitigating Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy and Chemoradiotherapy - A Systematic Review.
We examined the impact of zinc supplementation on patients with head and neck cancers undergoing treatment with radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy. Our focus was on understanding whether zinc could help reduce the occurrence, duration, and severity of oral mucositis—a painful side effect associated with these treatments.
During our search, we looked across multiple databases for studies involving patients receiving treatment from 2013 to 2023. We were particularly interested in clinical trials that specifically tested different types of zinc supplements. Our findings suggest that zinc might indeed play a beneficial role in lessening the pain and discomfort caused by oral mucositis, possibly due to its properties that reduce inflammation and aid in wound healing.
However, we also recognize that more research is essential. It’s important to clarify the best dosages and treatment regimens for zinc to maximize its potential benefits for cancer patients. Overall, while zinc supplementation appears promising, further investigation is needed to confirm its efficacy and optimize its use in clinical settings.
9
Zinc enhances TNBC treatment efficacy
Zinc-copper bimetallic nanoplatforms trigger photothermal-amplified cuproptosis and cGAS-STING activation for enhancing triple-negative breast cancer immunotherapy.
We developed an innovative treatment approach for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) using zinc-copper bimetallic nanoplatforms. These specially designed nanostructures help promote a type of cell death known as cuproptosis while also boosting the immune system's response to tumors. By leveraging these properties, we aimed to find a way to make existing immune therapies more effective against TNBC, which is notoriously difficult to treat.
The mechanism behind this approach involves the nanoplatforms releasing both zinc and copper ions within the acidic environment of tumors. This releases hydroxyl radicals and impacts certain proteins in cancer cells, disrupting their function and leading to cell death. Additionally, the released mitochondrial DNA works alongside zinc to activate pathways that boost the immune response, ultimately helping to improve the effectiveness of anti-PD-L1 treatments.
Furthermore, we observed that using a near-infrared laser significantly enhances these effects. Together, the combination of our nanoplatforms and immune therapies results in a powerful treatment strategy, showcasing zinc's potential role in fighting TNBC.
Overall, our findings suggest a promising new direction for TNBC therapy by uniting the benefits of cuproptosis, immune activation, and laser therapy.
References
Chu Z, Zheng W, Fu W, Liang J, Wang W, et al. Implanted Microneedles Loaded with Sparfloxacin and Zinc-Manganese Sulfide Nanoparticles Activates Immunity for Postoperative Triple-Negative Breast Cancer to Prevent Recurrence and Metastasis. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025. doi:10.1002/advs.202416270
Jin X, Tong W, Sun L, Lu S, Sun P, et al. Association of composite dietary antioxidant index with high risk of prostate cancer in middle-aged and elderly men: insights from NHANES. Front Immunol. 2025;16:1530174. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1530174
Agare GI, Chidike Ezeorba TP, Michael DC, Emmanuel A, Clement AO, et al. Zinc Shield: Efficacy in Mitigating Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy and Chemoradiotherapy - A Systematic Review. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2025. doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.02.011
Zhou B, Chen M, Hao Z, Li L, Zhang Y, et al. Zinc-copper bimetallic nanoplatforms trigger photothermal-amplified cuproptosis and cGAS-STING activation for enhancing triple-negative breast cancer immunotherapy. J Nanobiotechnology. 2025;23:137. doi:10.1186/s12951-025-03186-4
Buj R, Cole AR, Danielson J, Xu J, Hurd D, et al. cancer cells outcompete macrophages for microenvironmental zinc to drive immunotherapy resistance. bioRxiv. 2025. doi:10.1101/2025.02.08.637227
Chen J, Wang Y, Huang J, Yang Z, Niu H, et al. Cascade specific endogenous Fe interference and catalysis for tumor therapy with stemness suppression. Natl Sci Rev. 2025;12:nwae434. doi:10.1093/nsr/nwae434