Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 25 Researches
7.1
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 2 Reviews
8.5
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 1 Softgel
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Calories
10
Total Fat
1 g
1%
Saturated Fat
0 g
0%
Trans Fat
0 g
**
Polyunsaturated Fat
0.5 g
**
Monounsaturated Fat
0 g
**
Cholesterol
10 mg
3%
Omega-3 Fish Oil
1000 mg
**
EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)
180 mg
**
DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid)
120 mg
**
Top Medical Research Studies
9
We embarked on a quest to understand how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, can impact atherosclerosis, a condition where fatty deposits clog the arteries. Our focus was on a specially developed injectable formulation that delivers DHA directly to the site of arterial plaques.
Through our research, we discovered that this liposomal DHA formulation not only protects the compound but also enhances its effectiveness. When we administered it intravenously, DHA particles were specifically absorbed by macrophages—immune cells involved in the inflammation seen in atherosclerosis. This targeted delivery helps reduce inflammation and prevents the formation of foam cells, which are a hallmark of atherosclerotic plaques.
Furthermore, our analysis of the plaques revealed that the DHA treatment led to less macrophage infiltration and reduced lipid build-up, which improves overall plaque stability. In simpler terms, we observed that the treatment makes plaques less likely to rupture, which is critical in preventing serious cardiovascular problems. Additionally, sophisticated imaging techniques showed that DHA can help restore some of the healthy lipid profiles typical of earlier stages of plaque development.
In summary, using injectable DHA offers exciting potential for stabilizing arterial plaques and slowing down the progression of atherosclerosis. Given the importance of addressing this condition, our findings could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies to reduce the risk of heart-related issues.
Through our research, we discovered that this liposomal DHA formulation not only protects the compound but also enhances its effectiveness. When we administered it intravenously, DHA particles were specifically absorbed by macrophages—immune cells involved in the inflammation seen in atherosclerosis. This targeted delivery helps reduce inflammation and prevents the formation of foam cells, which are a hallmark of atherosclerotic plaques.
Furthermore, our analysis of the plaques revealed that the DHA treatment led to less macrophage infiltration and reduced lipid build-up, which improves overall plaque stability. In simpler terms, we observed that the treatment makes plaques less likely to rupture, which is critical in preventing serious cardiovascular problems. Additionally, sophisticated imaging techniques showed that DHA can help restore some of the healthy lipid profiles typical of earlier stages of plaque development.
In summary, using injectable DHA offers exciting potential for stabilizing arterial plaques and slowing down the progression of atherosclerosis. Given the importance of addressing this condition, our findings could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies to reduce the risk of heart-related issues.
Read More
8
We set out to understand how eicosapentaenoic acid (a type of omega-3 fatty acid) influences blood levels in individuals suffering from chronic atherosclerotic disease. This study synthesized findings from 25 articles, focusing on randomized controlled trials that investigated omega-3 supplementation specifically for this patient group.
Our exploration revealed that dosages between 1.8 grams and 3.4 grams per day, over a span of three to six months, were effective in elevating omega-3 levels to therapeutic targets. Higher doses, at 4.4 grams or more, showed similar benefits even with a shorter supplementation period, ranging from one to six months.
The evidence suggests that regular omega-3 supplementation could be crucial for individuals with atherosclerosis, potentially improving their health outcomes and lowering cardiac risks. Given the study’s findings, we advocate for reassessing dietary recommendations and considering higher daily intake allowances for omega-3s in these patients.
Our exploration revealed that dosages between 1.8 grams and 3.4 grams per day, over a span of three to six months, were effective in elevating omega-3 levels to therapeutic targets. Higher doses, at 4.4 grams or more, showed similar benefits even with a shorter supplementation period, ranging from one to six months.
The evidence suggests that regular omega-3 supplementation could be crucial for individuals with atherosclerosis, potentially improving their health outcomes and lowering cardiac risks. Given the study’s findings, we advocate for reassessing dietary recommendations and considering higher daily intake allowances for omega-3s in these patients.
Read More
8
We investigated how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid found in fish oil, influences the metabolism of fats within our cells and its potential role in fighting arteriosclerosis. Our focus was on understanding DHA's effects on lipid droplets, which store fat, and macrophage transformations into foam cells—processes that contribute to the buildup of plaque in arteries.
Through advanced imaging techniques that allowed us to monitor lipid metabolism in real-time, we observed that DHA stood out among other omega-3 fatty acids. It actively promoted lipolysis, which is the breakdown of fats stored in lipid droplets. Remarkably, we noted a significant reduction in overall fat content, down by about 50%. This reduction also helped prevent the transformation of macrophages into foam cells, a critical step in the development of atherosclerosis.
Interestingly, we found that eicosapentaenoic acid (another omega-3 present in fish oil) seemed to counteract the positive effects of DHA on fat breakdown and foam cell prevention. Thus, while DHA demonstrates a promising ability to support cardiovascular health by impacting intracellular fat metabolism and reducing inflammation, further research is needed to validate these findings in live models.
Through advanced imaging techniques that allowed us to monitor lipid metabolism in real-time, we observed that DHA stood out among other omega-3 fatty acids. It actively promoted lipolysis, which is the breakdown of fats stored in lipid droplets. Remarkably, we noted a significant reduction in overall fat content, down by about 50%. This reduction also helped prevent the transformation of macrophages into foam cells, a critical step in the development of atherosclerosis.
Interestingly, we found that eicosapentaenoic acid (another omega-3 present in fish oil) seemed to counteract the positive effects of DHA on fat breakdown and foam cell prevention. Thus, while DHA demonstrates a promising ability to support cardiovascular health by impacting intracellular fat metabolism and reducing inflammation, further research is needed to validate these findings in live models.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Risk reduction noted
It reduces the risk of arteriosclerosis and assists in maintaining healthy triglyceride levels.
Read More
7.5
Stable health checkup
For managing arteriosclerosis, it’s best to control it through diet, although taking omega can be challenging. I have my husband, who has high triglyceride levels, take it daily. The capsules are somewhat large, but one can adapt to them. I have been taking it for many years, and as my health check-up results are stable, I will continue with it.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 25 Researches
7.1
- All Researches
9
We explored how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, affects arteriosclerosis, specifically by examining its active metabolite, 17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (17,18-EEQ). Our investigation revealed that 17,18-EEQ has the power to inhibit inflammation and endothelial activation, which are key factors in the development of atherosclerosis.
We found that this metabolite works through its interaction with a specific receptor, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), in endothelial cells. In our study, when using male mice that lacked S1PR1, the protective effects of both 17,18-EEQ and purified EPA were noticeably absent. This emphasizes the importance of S1PR1 in mediating the benefits of EPA.
Mechanistically, we discovered that 17,18-EEQ promotes the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which is vital for maintaining healthy blood vessels. This activation relies on a signaling pathway involving calcium release. We also noted that a prescription drug containing purified EPA, called Vascepa, exhibited cardiovascular benefits through this 17,18-EEQ-S1PR1 pathway.
Collectively, our findings highlight the potential of EPA and its metabolites as valuable tools in combating atherosclerosis, which could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies aimed at improving cardiovascular health.
We found that this metabolite works through its interaction with a specific receptor, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), in endothelial cells. In our study, when using male mice that lacked S1PR1, the protective effects of both 17,18-EEQ and purified EPA were noticeably absent. This emphasizes the importance of S1PR1 in mediating the benefits of EPA.
Mechanistically, we discovered that 17,18-EEQ promotes the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), which is vital for maintaining healthy blood vessels. This activation relies on a signaling pathway involving calcium release. We also noted that a prescription drug containing purified EPA, called Vascepa, exhibited cardiovascular benefits through this 17,18-EEQ-S1PR1 pathway.
Collectively, our findings highlight the potential of EPA and its metabolites as valuable tools in combating atherosclerosis, which could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies aimed at improving cardiovascular health.
Read More
9
Icosapent ethyl improves heart function
We explored the effects of Icosapent ethyl (IPE) on coronary physiology, particularly in the context of arteriosclerosis. This investigation was part of a larger trial known as EVAPORATE, which had previously shown that IPE significantly reduced plaque buildup in patients already on statin therapy. Our study utilized advanced imaging techniques through coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) to evaluate the changes in blood flow and artery function after treatment with IPE compared to a placebo.
With 47 patients and 507 coronary lesions assessed at various intervals over 18 months, we measured the fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) in the most diseased artery of each participant. Interestingly, while the initial FFRCT values were similar between those receiving IPE and placebo, significant improvements were noted at the 9- and 18-month follow-ups for the IPE group.
These findings indicate that Icosapent ethyl not only reduces plaque but also improves coronary blood flow over time. Such benefits lend credence to the findings from the REDUCE-IT trial, where IPE was associated with lower ischemic events, including heart attacks. Our investigation paves the way for understanding the underlying mechanisms of IPE’s positive effects on heart health.
With 47 patients and 507 coronary lesions assessed at various intervals over 18 months, we measured the fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) in the most diseased artery of each participant. Interestingly, while the initial FFRCT values were similar between those receiving IPE and placebo, significant improvements were noted at the 9- and 18-month follow-ups for the IPE group.
These findings indicate that Icosapent ethyl not only reduces plaque but also improves coronary blood flow over time. Such benefits lend credence to the findings from the REDUCE-IT trial, where IPE was associated with lower ischemic events, including heart attacks. Our investigation paves the way for understanding the underlying mechanisms of IPE’s positive effects on heart health.
Read More
9
We embarked on a quest to understand how docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a type of omega-3 fatty acid, can impact atherosclerosis, a condition where fatty deposits clog the arteries. Our focus was on a specially developed injectable formulation that delivers DHA directly to the site of arterial plaques.
Through our research, we discovered that this liposomal DHA formulation not only protects the compound but also enhances its effectiveness. When we administered it intravenously, DHA particles were specifically absorbed by macrophages—immune cells involved in the inflammation seen in atherosclerosis. This targeted delivery helps reduce inflammation and prevents the formation of foam cells, which are a hallmark of atherosclerotic plaques.
Furthermore, our analysis of the plaques revealed that the DHA treatment led to less macrophage infiltration and reduced lipid build-up, which improves overall plaque stability. In simpler terms, we observed that the treatment makes plaques less likely to rupture, which is critical in preventing serious cardiovascular problems. Additionally, sophisticated imaging techniques showed that DHA can help restore some of the healthy lipid profiles typical of earlier stages of plaque development.
In summary, using injectable DHA offers exciting potential for stabilizing arterial plaques and slowing down the progression of atherosclerosis. Given the importance of addressing this condition, our findings could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies to reduce the risk of heart-related issues.
Through our research, we discovered that this liposomal DHA formulation not only protects the compound but also enhances its effectiveness. When we administered it intravenously, DHA particles were specifically absorbed by macrophages—immune cells involved in the inflammation seen in atherosclerosis. This targeted delivery helps reduce inflammation and prevents the formation of foam cells, which are a hallmark of atherosclerotic plaques.
Furthermore, our analysis of the plaques revealed that the DHA treatment led to less macrophage infiltration and reduced lipid build-up, which improves overall plaque stability. In simpler terms, we observed that the treatment makes plaques less likely to rupture, which is critical in preventing serious cardiovascular problems. Additionally, sophisticated imaging techniques showed that DHA can help restore some of the healthy lipid profiles typical of earlier stages of plaque development.
In summary, using injectable DHA offers exciting potential for stabilizing arterial plaques and slowing down the progression of atherosclerosis. Given the importance of addressing this condition, our findings could pave the way for new therapeutic strategies to reduce the risk of heart-related issues.
Read More
8
Icosapent ethyl reduces cardiovascular events
We aimed to explore the impact of icosapent ethyl on major cardiovascular events, particularly in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In a robust trial involving nearly 6,000 participants, we carefully monitored the effects of this treatment over a median duration of 4.8 years.
Icosapent ethyl, a form of omega-3 fatty acid, demonstrated a significant reduction in the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including non-fatal heart attacks and strokes. Our findings highlighted that the treatment was beneficial across different levels of baseline cardiovascular risk.
We observed that patients at the highest risk experienced the most considerable absolute benefits, making the treatment particularly valuable for them. Although the absolute risk reduction increased with higher baseline risk, it consistently showed efficacy for all participants suffering from elevated triglycerides.
In conclusion, our study suggests that icosapent ethyl is an effective option for reducing cardiovascular risks in patients dealing with atherosclerosis, regardless of their initial risk level.
Icosapent ethyl, a form of omega-3 fatty acid, demonstrated a significant reduction in the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including non-fatal heart attacks and strokes. Our findings highlighted that the treatment was beneficial across different levels of baseline cardiovascular risk.
We observed that patients at the highest risk experienced the most considerable absolute benefits, making the treatment particularly valuable for them. Although the absolute risk reduction increased with higher baseline risk, it consistently showed efficacy for all participants suffering from elevated triglycerides.
In conclusion, our study suggests that icosapent ethyl is an effective option for reducing cardiovascular risks in patients dealing with atherosclerosis, regardless of their initial risk level.
Read More
8
Eicosapentaenoic acid aids plaque regression
We analyzed how eicosapentaenoic acid, along with docosahexaenoic acid, influences the progression of coronary fatty plaque in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Over a period of 30 months, 240 participants were divided into two groups; one received a daily supplement of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, while the other received no treatment. This setup allowed us to compare the effects on plaque regression and cardiac events between both groups.
Our findings revealed that participants who experienced a reduction in triglyceride levels—averaging a 14.9% decrease—also showed a notable regression of fatty plaque. Moreover, patients who saw plaque regression enjoyed significantly fewer cardiac events compared to those whose plaque progressed, with 5% reporting events against 22.3% in the other group.
We identified key predictors for plaque regression, which included having a systolic blood pressure below 125 mm Hg and a non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level below 2.59 mmol/L. Interestingly, normotensive patients (those with normal blood pressure) benefitted more from the treatment, seeing both a reduction in plaque and inflammation compared to those with hypertension, who showed no significant changes.
Overall, our study sheds light on how eicosapentaenoic acid may contribute to improved heart health, particularly among individuals with specific blood pressure and cholesterol levels. It opens the door for further research on how managing inflammation could enhance plaque regression in patients with coronary artery disease.
Our findings revealed that participants who experienced a reduction in triglyceride levels—averaging a 14.9% decrease—also showed a notable regression of fatty plaque. Moreover, patients who saw plaque regression enjoyed significantly fewer cardiac events compared to those whose plaque progressed, with 5% reporting events against 22.3% in the other group.
We identified key predictors for plaque regression, which included having a systolic blood pressure below 125 mm Hg and a non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level below 2.59 mmol/L. Interestingly, normotensive patients (those with normal blood pressure) benefitted more from the treatment, seeing both a reduction in plaque and inflammation compared to those with hypertension, who showed no significant changes.
Overall, our study sheds light on how eicosapentaenoic acid may contribute to improved heart health, particularly among individuals with specific blood pressure and cholesterol levels. It opens the door for further research on how managing inflammation could enhance plaque regression in patients with coronary artery disease.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 2 Reviews
8.5
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
9
Risk reduction noted
It reduces the risk of arteriosclerosis and assists in maintaining healthy triglyceride levels.
Read More
7.5
Stable health checkup
For managing arteriosclerosis, it’s best to control it through diet, although taking omega can be challenging. I have my husband, who has high triglyceride levels, take it daily. The capsules are somewhat large, but one can adapt to them. I have been taking it for many years, and as my health check-up results are stable, I will continue with it.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
No FAQs are available for this product and symptom.
References
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- Zhou T, Cheng J, He S, Zhang C, Gao MX, et al. The sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 mediates the atheroprotective effect of eicosapentaenoic acid. Nat Metab. 2024;6:1566. doi:10.1038/s42255-024-01070-3
- Miyauchi K, Iwata H, Nishizaki Y, Inoue T, Hirayama A, et al. Randomized Trial for Evaluation in Secondary Prevention Efficacy of Combination Therapy-Statin and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (RESPECT-EPA). Circulation. 2024;150:425. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.065520
- Burger PM, Bhatt DL, Dorresteijn JAN, Koudstaal S, Mosterd A, et al. Effects of icosapent ethyl according to baseline residual risk in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: results from REDUCE-IT. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2024;10:488. doi:10.1093/ehjcvp/pvae030
- Bakbak E, Krishnaraj A, Bhatt DL, Quan A, Park B, et al. Icosapent ethyl modulates circulating vascular regenerative cell content: The IPE-PREVENTION CardioLink-14 trial. Med. 2024;5:718. doi:10.1016/j.medj.2024.03.009
- Holtrop J, Bhatt DL, Ray KK, Mach F, Smulders YM, et al. Impact of the 2021 European Society for Cardiology prevention guideline's stepwise approach for cardiovascular risk factor treatment in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2024;31:754. doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwae038
- Hariri E, Asbeutah AA, Malik A, Amangurbanova M, Chedid G, et al. Eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and coronary artery calcium progression in patients with coronary artery disease: A secondary analysis of a randomized trial. Atherosclerosis. 2023;387:117388. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117388
- Michaeloudes C, Christodoulides S, Christodoulou P, Kyriakou TC, Patrikios I, et al. Variability in the Clinical Effects of the Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids DHA and EPA in Cardiovascular Disease-Possible Causes and Future Considerations. Nutrients. 2023;15. doi:10.3390/nu15224830
- Molaie M, Lotfi R, Heidari Moghadam R, Rezaiemanesh A, Karaji AG, et al. Imbalanced serum levels of resolvin E1 (RvE1) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) may contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2023;169:106781. doi:10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106781
- Welty FK, Hariri E, Asbeutah AA, Daher R, Amangurbanova M, et al. Regression of Coronary Fatty Plaque and Risk of Cardiac Events According to Blood Pressure Status: Data From a Randomized Trial of Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023;12:e030071. doi:10.1161/JAHA.123.030071
- Ward NC, Ying Q, Chan DC, Pang J, Mori TA, et al. Improved arterial inflammation with high dose omega-3 fatty acids in patients with elevated lipoprotein(a): Selective effect of eicosapentaenoic acid?. J Clin Lipidol. 2023;17:694. doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2023.08.004
- Di Costanzo A, Indolfi C, Sorrentino S, Esposito G, Spaccarotella CAM. The Effects of Statins, Ezetimibe, PCSK9-Inhibitors, Inclisiran, and Icosapent Ethyl on Platelet Function. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24. doi:10.3390/ijms241411739
- Drexel H, Tamargo J, Kaski JC, Lewis BS, Saely CH, et al. Triglycerides revisited: is hypertriglyceridaemia a necessary therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease?. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2023;9:570. doi:10.1093/ehjcvp/pvad044
- Bäck M. Icosapent ethyl in cardiovascular prevention: Resolution of inflammation through the eicosapentaenoic acid - resolvin E1 - ChemR23 axis. Pharmacol Ther. 2023;247:108439. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108439
- Rabbat MG, Lakshmanan S, Benjamin MM, Doros G, Kinninger A, et al. Benefit of icosapent ethyl on coronary physiology assessed by computed tomography angiography fractional flow reserve: EVAPORATE-FFRCT. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2023;24:866. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jead063
- Nayda NC, Thomas JM, Delaney CL, Miller MD. The effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake on blood levels of omega-3s in people with chronic atherosclerotic disease: a systematic review. Nutr Rev. 2023;81:1447. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuad020
- Wang Y, Yang B, Wang C. The association between fatty acids and atherosclerotic diseases: A mendelian randomization study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2024;63:447. doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.06.018
- Asbeutah AA, Daher R, Malik A, Hariri E, Alfaddagh A, et al. The Effect of Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Coronary Artery Calcium Progression in Subjects With Diabetes and Coronary Artery Disease: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial. Am J Cardiol. 2024;225:98. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.06.001
- Tang H, Liu Z, Han G, Geng J, Liu B, et al. Unexpected omega-3 activities in intracellular lipolysis and macrophage foaming revealed by fluorescence lifetime imaging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024;121:e2321255121. doi:10.1073/pnas.2321255121
- Chong SY, Wang X, van Bloois L, Huang C, Syeda NS, et al. Injectable liposomal docosahexaenoic acid alleviates atherosclerosis progression and enhances plaque stability. J Control Release. 2023;360:344. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.06.035
- Bork CS, Lundbye-Christensen S, Venø SK, Lasota AN, Tjønneland A, et al. Intake of marine and plant-derived n-3 fatty acids and development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort. Eur J Nutr. 2023;62:1389. doi:10.1007/s00394-022-03081-w
- Alfaddagh A, Kapoor K, Dardari ZA, Bhatt DL, Budoff MJ, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids, subclinical atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular events: Implications for primary prevention. Atherosclerosis. 2022;353:11. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.1018
- Motoyama S, Nagahara Y, Sarai M, Kawai H, Miyajima K, et al. Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Coronary Plaque Morphology - A Serial Computed Tomography Angiography Study. Circ J. 2022;86:831. doi:10.1253/circj.CJ-21-0615
- Liu QK. Triglyceride-lowering and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk reduction. J Clin Lipidol. 2021;15:556. doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2021.05.007
- Perazza LR, Mitchell PL, Lizotte F, Jensen BAH, St-Pierre P, et al. Fish oil replacement prevents, while docosahexaenoic acid-derived protectin DX mitigates end-stage-renal-disease in atherosclerotic diabetic mice. FASEB J. 2021;35:e21559. doi:10.1096/fj.202100073R
