Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a medical condition characterized by the consistent elevation of blood pressure in the arteries. Blood pressure readings consist of two numbers: systolic pressure (the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats) over diastolic pressure (the pressure when the heart rests between beats). A normal blood pressure reading is typically around 120/80 mmHg. Hypertension is generally diagnosed when readings consistently exceed 130/80 mmHg, a level that increases the risk of serious health issues like heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage.
Since hypertension often develops silently without noticeable symptoms, regular monitoring of blood pressure is crucial, especially for those at higher risk due to factors like age, family history, obesity, or sedentary lifestyle. Effective management can significantly lower health risks and often includes lifestyle changes such as a balanced diet, regular exercise, reduced sodium intake, and, if necessary, medication prescribed by a healthcare provider. Early detection and consistent management of hypertension can lead to better health outcomes, making it important to stay informed about your blood pressure levels.