Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 16 Researches
7.6
USERS' SCORE
Moderately Good
Based on 12 Reviews
7.8
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 1 Veg Capsule
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Vitamin K2 (as Menaquinone-4) (MK-4)
100 mcg
**
Alfalfa Powder (Aerial Parts)
250 mg
**
Top Medical Research Studies
9
We aimed to discover how well PIVKA-II can predict treatment response in patients with non-AFP-secreting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving systemic therapy.
By measuring PIVKA-II levels and assessing imaging after 8-12 weeks of treatment, we found a connection between PIVKA-II levels, tumor size, and treatment outcomes.
The study revealed a promising “50-50 rule” that can indicate prognosis based on PIVKA-II changes, making it a valuable marker for HCC treatment success.
By measuring PIVKA-II levels and assessing imaging after 8-12 weeks of treatment, we found a connection between PIVKA-II levels, tumor size, and treatment outcomes.
The study revealed a promising “50-50 rule” that can indicate prognosis based on PIVKA-II changes, making it a valuable marker for HCC treatment success.
Read More
8
We explored how a vitamin K precursor, known as menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB), influences prostate cancer progression in mice. Contrary to concerns surrounding antioxidants like vitamin E, our findings suggest that MSB acts as a pro-oxidant, successfully reducing cancer cell growth via oxidative cell death.
By targeting critical cellular pathways, MSB offers a new route for therapeutic intervention in prostate cancer. These results enhance our understanding of the effects of pro-oxidants and highlight potential opportunities for future treatments.
By targeting critical cellular pathways, MSB offers a new route for therapeutic intervention in prostate cancer. These results enhance our understanding of the effects of pro-oxidants and highlight potential opportunities for future treatments.
Read More
8
We investigated how vitamin K2 (VK2) influences the growth of cancer cells, particularly focusing on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study centered on the interaction between VK2 and a protein known as HSD17B4, which is known to promote cancer cell proliferation. Previous research had shown that VK2 can bind to this protein, but we aimed to uncover the specific mechanisms behind its potential anti-cancer effects.
Through our experiments, we observed that VK2 can inhibit the growth of HCC cells by binding directly to HSD17B4. Interestingly, VK2 did not alter the expression levels of HSD17B4, which suggests that its impact on cell growth is due to other mechanisms. Specifically, we found that VK2 impedes the activation of important signaling pathways, including AKT and MEK/ERK, which play a critical role in cancer cell proliferation. As a result, this inhibition leads to decreased activity of another protein, STAT3, associated with cancer growth.
Moreover, VK2 demonstrated the ability to suppress the growth of transplanted tumors that were influenced by HSD17B4. These findings not only shed light on VK2's mechanism of action, but they also offer promising insights into its potential role in preventing or treating HCC in future applications.
Through our experiments, we observed that VK2 can inhibit the growth of HCC cells by binding directly to HSD17B4. Interestingly, VK2 did not alter the expression levels of HSD17B4, which suggests that its impact on cell growth is due to other mechanisms. Specifically, we found that VK2 impedes the activation of important signaling pathways, including AKT and MEK/ERK, which play a critical role in cancer cell proliferation. As a result, this inhibition leads to decreased activity of another protein, STAT3, associated with cancer growth.
Moreover, VK2 demonstrated the ability to suppress the growth of transplanted tumors that were influenced by HSD17B4. These findings not only shed light on VK2's mechanism of action, but they also offer promising insights into its potential role in preventing or treating HCC in future applications.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
7.5
Promotes cellular health
8 people found this helpful
One of the few products that is exclusively MK-4. While many emphasise the MK-7 form of Vitamin K2 for its calcium-enhancing qualities, I prefer MK-4 as it is found in the brain and regulates gene expression uniquely. It activates genes that maintain cell health while deactivating those that promote cancer. Animals convert other forms of Vitamin K to MK-4, but this process is inefficient and varies by genetics, making MK-4 supplementation potentially beneficial. However, some argue that MK-4 supplements are synthetic and may have low bioavailability.
Read More
7.5
Improves calcium levels
2 people found this helpful
After my thyroid was removed due to cancer, I have been on hormone therapy and need to take vitamin D. Tests revealed calcium loss from my bones, which led my doctor to recommend vitamin K2 for osteoporosis treatment. After a month of taking it, my calcium levels improved, showing K2's effectiveness in addressing this issue.
Read More
7.5
Reduces cancer risk
1 people found this helpful
I highly appreciate the vitamin K2 from my preferred brand for its superior quality. It regulates metabolic processes and supports heart, blood vessel, and brain health while reducing cancer risk and enhancing immunity.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 16 Researches
7.6
- All Researches
9.5
We observed how vitamin K2 (VK2) could play a significant role in enhancing the effectiveness of a common treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) called venetoclax (VEN). In our investigation, older patients diagnosed with AML showed promising responses to a treatment combination of VEN and another drug, azacitidine (AZA), alongside daily VK2 intake. Remarkably, we noted a complete response rate of about 79% among patients taking VK2, highlighting the potential of VK2 to improve treatment outcomes.
Our study involved patients who were mostly over 75 years old and considered high-risk. They received a regimen that included AZA and VEN, paired with VK2. We also looked into the mechanisms behind VK2's effects. We found that VK2 significantly increased apoptosis, a process that causes cancer cells to die, particularly through a pathway involving NOXA and MCL-1 proteins. This was driven by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by VK2.
Furthermore, the combination of VK2 and VEN worked synergistically to target two cancer-related proteins, enhancing the treatment's impact. This dual action could be a key factor in the strong clinical outcomes observed in our patient population. Given these exciting findings, further large-scale clinical trials are certainly warranted to explore VK2's role in cancer treatment more broadly.
Our study involved patients who were mostly over 75 years old and considered high-risk. They received a regimen that included AZA and VEN, paired with VK2. We also looked into the mechanisms behind VK2's effects. We found that VK2 significantly increased apoptosis, a process that causes cancer cells to die, particularly through a pathway involving NOXA and MCL-1 proteins. This was driven by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by VK2.
Furthermore, the combination of VK2 and VEN worked synergistically to target two cancer-related proteins, enhancing the treatment's impact. This dual action could be a key factor in the strong clinical outcomes observed in our patient population. Given these exciting findings, further large-scale clinical trials are certainly warranted to explore VK2's role in cancer treatment more broadly.
Read More
9
We aimed to discover how well PIVKA-II can predict treatment response in patients with non-AFP-secreting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving systemic therapy.
By measuring PIVKA-II levels and assessing imaging after 8-12 weeks of treatment, we found a connection between PIVKA-II levels, tumor size, and treatment outcomes.
The study revealed a promising “50-50 rule” that can indicate prognosis based on PIVKA-II changes, making it a valuable marker for HCC treatment success.
By measuring PIVKA-II levels and assessing imaging after 8-12 weeks of treatment, we found a connection between PIVKA-II levels, tumor size, and treatment outcomes.
The study revealed a promising “50-50 rule” that can indicate prognosis based on PIVKA-II changes, making it a valuable marker for HCC treatment success.
Read More
8
EZJDD improves liver cancer outcomes
We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of Erzhu Jiedu Decoction (EZJDD) Granules in patients with mid-advanced liver cancer linked to hepatitis B.
In a study involving 132 patients, we randomly assigned them into two groups—one receiving standard treatment and the other receiving standard treatment along with EZJDD Granules for three months.
The results showed that EZJDD significantly extended progression-free survival and boosted the six-month survival rate, suggesting it may enhance treatment outcomes for this challenging condition.
In a study involving 132 patients, we randomly assigned them into two groups—one receiving standard treatment and the other receiving standard treatment along with EZJDD Granules for three months.
The results showed that EZJDD significantly extended progression-free survival and boosted the six-month survival rate, suggesting it may enhance treatment outcomes for this challenging condition.
Read More
8
We explored how a vitamin K precursor, known as menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB), influences prostate cancer progression in mice. Contrary to concerns surrounding antioxidants like vitamin E, our findings suggest that MSB acts as a pro-oxidant, successfully reducing cancer cell growth via oxidative cell death.
By targeting critical cellular pathways, MSB offers a new route for therapeutic intervention in prostate cancer. These results enhance our understanding of the effects of pro-oxidants and highlight potential opportunities for future treatments.
By targeting critical cellular pathways, MSB offers a new route for therapeutic intervention in prostate cancer. These results enhance our understanding of the effects of pro-oxidants and highlight potential opportunities for future treatments.
Read More
8
We examined the connection between fat-soluble vitamins, specifically vitamin K, and the progression of gliomas, which are particularly aggressive brain cancers. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas database, we found that vitamin K-related metabolic processes are closely linked with the severity and poor prognosis of gliomas.
Notably, a key gene, VKORC1, which is vital for vitamin K's function, showed a strong association with glioma aggressiveness. In laboratory settings, silencing this gene reduced glioma cell growth and movement. Although the results are promising, clinical effects in patients remain to be conclusively determined.
Notably, a key gene, VKORC1, which is vital for vitamin K's function, showed a strong association with glioma aggressiveness. In laboratory settings, silencing this gene reduced glioma cell growth and movement. Although the results are promising, clinical effects in patients remain to be conclusively determined.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Moderately Good
Based on 12 Reviews
7.8
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
7.5
Promotes cellular health
8 people found this helpful
One of the few products that is exclusively MK-4. While many emphasise the MK-7 form of Vitamin K2 for its calcium-enhancing qualities, I prefer MK-4 as it is found in the brain and regulates gene expression uniquely. It activates genes that maintain cell health while deactivating those that promote cancer. Animals convert other forms of Vitamin K to MK-4, but this process is inefficient and varies by genetics, making MK-4 supplementation potentially beneficial. However, some argue that MK-4 supplements are synthetic and may have low bioavailability.
Read More
7.5
Improves calcium levels
2 people found this helpful
After my thyroid was removed due to cancer, I have been on hormone therapy and need to take vitamin D. Tests revealed calcium loss from my bones, which led my doctor to recommend vitamin K2 for osteoporosis treatment. After a month of taking it, my calcium levels improved, showing K2's effectiveness in addressing this issue.
Read More
7.5
Reduces cancer risk
1 people found this helpful
I highly appreciate the vitamin K2 from my preferred brand for its superior quality. It regulates metabolic processes and supports heart, blood vessel, and brain health while reducing cancer risk and enhancing immunity.
Read More
7.5
Boosts immune system
A supplement is required; I always take vitamin K2 with vitamin D3. Vitamin K2 regulates metabolic processes, supports heart and blood vessel health, aids in blood coagulation, enhances nervous system health, and reduces the risk of cancer. The taste is negligible, as I consume it with plenty of water. The dosage is adequate for daily needs. The manufacturer is excellent; I buy many products, and their quality is consistently high. I am satisfied with the purchase and delivery.
Read More
7.5
Supports brain activity
Vitamin K2 regulates metabolic processes, maintains heart and blood vessel health, aids in blood coagulation, enhances nervous system and brain activity, improves insulin production, provides anti-inflammatory effects, fortifies the immune system, and reduces the risk of cancer.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
7.5
Improves calcium levels
2 people found this helpful
After my thyroid was removed due to cancer, I have been on hormone therapy and need to take vitamin D. Tests revealed calcium loss from my bones, which led my doctor to recommend vitamin K2 for osteoporosis treatment. After a month of taking it, my calcium levels improved, showing K2's effectiveness in addressing this issue.
7.5
Cancer prevention
The benefits of vitamin K2 are remarkable. It reduces the risk of heart disease, improves bone health, enhances dental health, alleviates anxiety and depression, and contributes to cancer prevention.
7.5
Prevents cancer
Vitamin K2 has well-known benefits, including reducing heart disease risk, improving bone and dental health, alleviating anxiety and depression, and playing a role in cancer prevention.
6
Antioxidant properties
Vitamin K2 is great; it aids in cancer protection due to its antioxidant properties that may help prevent cancer and promotes bone health.
7.5
Boosts immune system
A supplement is required; I always take vitamin K2 with vitamin D3. Vitamin K2 regulates metabolic processes, supports heart and blood vessel health, aids in blood coagulation, enhances nervous system health, and reduces the risk of cancer. The taste is negligible, as I consume it with plenty of water. The dosage is adequate for daily needs. The manufacturer is excellent; I buy many products, and their quality is consistently high. I am satisfied with the purchase and delivery.
6
Inhibits cancer growth
I take 100 mcg of vitamin K2 and 5000 IU of vitamin D3 each morning. Vitamin K2, along with vitamin C, helps to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. It also assists in alleviating nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.
7.5
Promotes cellular health
8 people found this helpful
One of the few products that is exclusively MK-4. While many emphasise the MK-7 form of Vitamin K2 for its calcium-enhancing qualities, I prefer MK-4 as it is found in the brain and regulates gene expression uniquely. It activates genes that maintain cell health while deactivating those that promote cancer. Animals convert other forms of Vitamin K to MK-4, but this process is inefficient and varies by genetics, making MK-4 supplementation potentially beneficial. However, some argue that MK-4 supplements are synthetic and may have low bioavailability.
7.5
Reduces cancer risk
1 people found this helpful
I highly appreciate the vitamin K2 from my preferred brand for its superior quality. It regulates metabolic processes and supports heart, blood vessel, and brain health while reducing cancer risk and enhancing immunity.
9.5
We observed how vitamin K2 (VK2) could play a significant role in enhancing the effectiveness of a common treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) called venetoclax (VEN). In our investigation, older patients diagnosed with AML showed promising responses to a treatment combination of VEN and another drug, azacitidine (AZA), alongside daily VK2 intake. Remarkably, we noted a complete response rate of about 79% among patients taking VK2, highlighting the potential of VK2 to improve treatment outcomes.
Our study involved patients who were mostly over 75 years old and considered high-risk. They received a regimen that included AZA and VEN, paired with VK2. We also looked into the mechanisms behind VK2's effects. We found that VK2 significantly increased apoptosis, a process that causes cancer cells to die, particularly through a pathway involving NOXA and MCL-1 proteins. This was driven by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by VK2.
Furthermore, the combination of VK2 and VEN worked synergistically to target two cancer-related proteins, enhancing the treatment's impact. This dual action could be a key factor in the strong clinical outcomes observed in our patient population. Given these exciting findings, further large-scale clinical trials are certainly warranted to explore VK2's role in cancer treatment more broadly.
Our study involved patients who were mostly over 75 years old and considered high-risk. They received a regimen that included AZA and VEN, paired with VK2. We also looked into the mechanisms behind VK2's effects. We found that VK2 significantly increased apoptosis, a process that causes cancer cells to die, particularly through a pathway involving NOXA and MCL-1 proteins. This was driven by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by VK2.
Furthermore, the combination of VK2 and VEN worked synergistically to target two cancer-related proteins, enhancing the treatment's impact. This dual action could be a key factor in the strong clinical outcomes observed in our patient population. Given these exciting findings, further large-scale clinical trials are certainly warranted to explore VK2's role in cancer treatment more broadly.
8
We explored the impact of SARS-CoV-2 proteins on the viability of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells, focusing on the protective role of vitamin K2 (VK2) when used alongside imatinib, a common CML treatment. Our experiments involved K562 CML cell lines to observe how the SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein affects these cancer cells.
What we found was concerning: the virus's protein induced cell damage and activated markers associated with cell death. However, when VK2 was introduced, we noted significant improvements. VK2 not only minimized the cytotoxic effects of the virus but also reduced inflammatory cytokine production. It inhibited the formation of cell colonies, indicating a protective effect on the cancer cells.
We further investigated the synergy between VK2 and imatinib. The combination led to a notable decrease in cell proliferation and disrupted the mitochondrial function of the cancer cells. This suggests that VK2 can enhance the effectiveness of imatinib while providing additional protection against SARS-CoV-2-induced toxicity.
These findings paint a hopeful picture for CML treatment during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, leveraging VK2 as a possible adjunctive therapy to protect against viral cell damage while boosting existing treatments.
What we found was concerning: the virus's protein induced cell damage and activated markers associated with cell death. However, when VK2 was introduced, we noted significant improvements. VK2 not only minimized the cytotoxic effects of the virus but also reduced inflammatory cytokine production. It inhibited the formation of cell colonies, indicating a protective effect on the cancer cells.
We further investigated the synergy between VK2 and imatinib. The combination led to a notable decrease in cell proliferation and disrupted the mitochondrial function of the cancer cells. This suggests that VK2 can enhance the effectiveness of imatinib while providing additional protection against SARS-CoV-2-induced toxicity.
These findings paint a hopeful picture for CML treatment during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, leveraging VK2 as a possible adjunctive therapy to protect against viral cell damage while boosting existing treatments.
4
We examined whether vitamin K (menatetrenone) could help prevent bone mineral density (BMD) loss in uterine cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy.
Our study involved 34 patients split into two groups: one receiving vitamin K and another not. While we found no significant BMD changes outside the radiation area, those on vitamin K did not experience the significant bone loss seen in the untreated group within the irradiated area.
While our results suggest a potential benefit of vitamin K, further research is needed to explore its role in improving patients' quality of life through fracture prevention.
Our study involved 34 patients split into two groups: one receiving vitamin K and another not. While we found no significant BMD changes outside the radiation area, those on vitamin K did not experience the significant bone loss seen in the untreated group within the irradiated area.
While our results suggest a potential benefit of vitamin K, further research is needed to explore its role in improving patients' quality of life through fracture prevention.
References
- Bauer T, Richter-Eder S, Yasmin N, Jurkin J, Köffel R, et al. Vitamin K supports TGF-β1 depended human Langerhans cell differentiation and function via Axl. Front Immunol. 2025;16:1509228. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1509228
- Chen SC, Ho HL, Liu CA, Hung YP, Chiang NJ, et al. PIVKA-II as a surrogate biomarker for therapeutic response in Non-AFP-secreting hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2025;25:199. doi:10.1186/s12885-025-13568-4
- Kaneyasu Y, Fujiwara H, Akita T, Tanaka J, Shibata Y, et al. Suppressive effect of vitamin K (menatetrenone) against bone mineral density loss after radiotherapy in uterine cancer patients. Jpn J Radiol. 2025. doi:10.1007/s11604-025-01733-5
- Cheng Y, Wang HY, Wan CY, Shi JW, Jin YY, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Erzhu Jiedu Decoction Granules in Treating Mid-advanced Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Primary Liver Cancer Patients with Pi (Spleen)-Deficiency and Dampness-Heat Syndrome. Chin J Integr Med. 2024. doi:10.1007/s11655-024-3818-1
- Swamynathan MM, Kuang S, Watrud KE, Doherty MR, Gineste C, et al. Dietary pro-oxidant therapy by a vitamin K precursor targets PI 3-kinase VPS34 function. Science. 2024;386:eadk9167. doi:10.1126/science.adk9167
- Sasaki Y, Tokumura K, Yoshimoto M, Hinoi E. Association between Fat-Soluble Vitamin Metabolic Process and Glioma Progression. Biol Pharm Bull. 2024;47:1682. doi:10.1248/bpb.b24-00275
- Okabe S, Arai Y, Gotoh A. Vitamin K2 Protects Against SARS-CoV-2 Envelope Protein-Induced Cytotoxicity in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells and Enhances Imatinib Activity. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25. doi:10.3390/ijms252111800
- Tauchi T, Moriya S, Okabe S, Kazama H, Miyazawa K, et al. Vitamin K2 sensitizes the efficacy of venetoclax in acute myeloid leukemia by targeting the NOXA-MCL-1 pathway. PLoS One. 2024;19:e0307662. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0307662
- Okabe S, Gotoh A. Effect of asciminib and vitamin K2 on Abelson tyrosine-kinase-inhibitor-resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. BMC Cancer. 2023;23:827. doi:10.1186/s12885-023-11304-4
- Narvaez CJ, Bak MJ, Salman N, Welsh J. Vitamin K2 enhances the tumor suppressive effects of 1,25(OH)D in triple negative breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2023;231:106307. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106307
- Jadhav N, Ajgaonkar S, Saha P, Gurav P, Pandey A, et al. Molecular Pathways and Roles for Vitamin K2-7 as a Health-Beneficial Nutraceutical: Challenges and Opportunities. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:896920. doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.896920
- Lu X, Ma P, Kong L, Wang X, Wang Y, et al. Vitamin K2 Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation by Binding to 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 4. Front Oncol. 2021;11:757603. doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.757603
- Solmaz I, Ozdemir MA, Unal E, Abdurrezzak U, Muhtaroglu S, et al. Effect of vitamin K2 and vitamin D3 on bone mineral density in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a prospective cohort study. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2021;34:441. doi:10.1515/jpem-2020-0637
- Haruna Y, Yakushijin T, Kawamoto S. Efficacy and safety of sorafenib plus vitamin K treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma: A phase II, randomized study. Cancer Med. 2021;10:914. doi:10.1002/cam4.3674
- Wang K, Wu Q, Li Z, Reger MK, Xiong Y, et al. Vitamin K intake and breast cancer incidence and death: results from a prospective cohort study. Clin Nutr. 2021;40:3370. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.11.009
- Daisley BA, Chanyi RM, Abdur-Rashid K, Al KF, Gibbons S, et al. Abiraterone acetate preferentially enriches for the gut commensal Akkermansia muciniphila in castrate-resistant prostate cancer patients. Nat Commun. 2020;11:4822. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18649-5
