We explored the case of a 23-month-old boy suffering from severe pancytopenia linked to Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome, a rare condition caused by an inability to absorb vitamin B12. Upon diagnosis, the boy received vitamin B12 replacement therapy, which effectively addressed his symptoms and improved his health.
This case highlights the significance of early detection and treatment of IGS to avoid potential neurological damage. It's crucial to recognize this condition, even when neurological symptoms are absent, to provide timely care.
Read More
9.5
Oral B12 significantly improves anemia
Oral vitamin B12 supplementation in pernicious anemia: a prospective cohort study.
We focused on how oral vitamin B12 could help those with pernicious anemia, where absorption is usually impaired. Participants diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency due to this condition took a daily dose of 1000 μg of oral cyanocobalamin.
Over a year, an impressive 88.5% of them no longer showed deficiency after just one month, with significant improvements in vitamin B12 levels and related biological markers. Importantly, these benefits lasted throughout the study period.
Read More
9
B12 treatment improves anemia outcomes
Transcobalamin deficiency - a rare genetic defect in transportation of cobalamin; case report.
We explored a rare condition called Transcobalamin deficiency, which hinders vitamin B12 transport in the body. This case involved a 2-year-old boy suffering from severe anemia and frequent infections.
After genetic tests revealed a specific mutation, we administered high doses of methylcobalamin. Remarkably, the child's health significantly improved, highlighting the importance of diagnosing and treating this deficiency early to avoid serious complications.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
10
Life-saving solution
152 people found this helpful
This product saved my life due to Pernicious Anemia. I experienced severe symptoms which worsened over time. I self-diagnosed after recalling symptoms of Vitamin B12 deficiency. After starting this product, my symptoms improved significantly, and I truly believe it helped me stay alive.
Read More
9
No more anemia
6 people found this helpful
An excellent source of B12 to eliminate deficiencies. It assisted me in treating iron deficiency anemia, eliminating vitamin B12 deficiency altogether. I consumed two cans consecutively and experienced no signs of anaemia.
Read More
9
Convenient alternative
4 people found this helpful
I love this supplement! I was getting B-12 shots to combat my Iron Deficiency Anemia but got tired of weekly visits. This product works beautifully; just one nugget under my tongue each morning. My energy levels are up, and I'm saving time and money!
We explored the case of a 23-month-old boy suffering from severe pancytopenia linked to Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome, a rare condition caused by an inability to absorb vitamin B12. Upon diagnosis, the boy received vitamin B12 replacement therapy, which effectively addressed his symptoms and improved his health.
This case highlights the significance of early detection and treatment of IGS to avoid potential neurological damage. It's crucial to recognize this condition, even when neurological symptoms are absent, to provide timely care.
Read More
9.5
Oral B12 significantly improves anemia
Oral vitamin B12 supplementation in pernicious anemia: a prospective cohort study.
We focused on how oral vitamin B12 could help those with pernicious anemia, where absorption is usually impaired. Participants diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency due to this condition took a daily dose of 1000 μg of oral cyanocobalamin.
Over a year, an impressive 88.5% of them no longer showed deficiency after just one month, with significant improvements in vitamin B12 levels and related biological markers. Importantly, these benefits lasted throughout the study period.
Read More
9.5
Vitamin B12 aids anemia recovery
Co-existence of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3b and undifferentiated connective tissue disease with subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord in children: a case report and literature review.
We investigated how vitamin B12 treatment plays a role in addressing anemia in a young adolescent with complex health issues, including severe anemia, joint problems, and neurological symptoms. This individual presented with a deficiency in vitamin B12, alongside other autoimmune conditions, leading to a diagnosis of subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord.
The patient's treatment regimen included high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone, immunoglobulin therapy, oral naproxen, and vitamin B12 supplementation, among others. We observed that the introduction of vitamin B12 into her treatment plan contributed to combating her anemia effectively. The combination of therapies, especially with vitamin B12, significantly improved her overall health and restored her quality of life.
Our findings highlight the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment in patients with complex autoimmune issues. Specifically, vitamin B12 emerges as a critical component in managing anemia related to such conditions. While the study is anecdotal, it reinforces the idea that vitamin B12 can be beneficial in improving anemia outcomes in similarly affected patients.
Read More
9
Oral B12 therapy effective in anemia
Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome in a child with a novel compound heterozygous mutations in the AMN gene: a case report.
We explored a case of a 3-year-old girl diagnosed with Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome, a condition that causes vitamin B12 malabsorption and leads to anemia. After identifying novel mutations in the AMN gene, we initiated long-term oral vitamin B12 therapy.
Following treatment, her blood tests showed consistent improvement, indicating that oral B12 replacement can be an effective management strategy, especially for patients who can’t tolerate injections. This case underscores the importance of genetic testing for accurate diagnoses.
Read More
9
B12 treatment improves anemia outcomes
Transcobalamin deficiency - a rare genetic defect in transportation of cobalamin; case report.
We explored a rare condition called Transcobalamin deficiency, which hinders vitamin B12 transport in the body. This case involved a 2-year-old boy suffering from severe anemia and frequent infections.
After genetic tests revealed a specific mutation, we administered high doses of methylcobalamin. Remarkably, the child's health significantly improved, highlighting the importance of diagnosing and treating this deficiency early to avoid serious complications.
This product saved my life due to Pernicious Anemia. I experienced severe symptoms which worsened over time. I self-diagnosed after recalling symptoms of Vitamin B12 deficiency. After starting this product, my symptoms improved significantly, and I truly believe it helped me stay alive.
Read More
9
No more anemia
6 people found this helpful
An excellent source of B12 to eliminate deficiencies. It assisted me in treating iron deficiency anemia, eliminating vitamin B12 deficiency altogether. I consumed two cans consecutively and experienced no signs of anaemia.
Read More
9
Convenient alternative
4 people found this helpful
I love this supplement! I was getting B-12 shots to combat my Iron Deficiency Anemia but got tired of weekly visits. This product works beautifully; just one nugget under my tongue each morning. My energy levels are up, and I'm saving time and money!
Read More
9
Improved my anemia
1 people found this helpful
It improved my anemia significantly; truly the most natural B12 vitamin I've encountered. Other B12 supplements I tried were ineffective, but this one really activated my brain, albeit causing some insomnia.
Read More
9
Highly effective supplement
1 people found this helpful
I buy this for my girlfriend, who suffers from severe anaemia and vitamin B12 deficiency. After using it for some time, she’s found it to be highly effective with excellent quality. I hope the price drops further.
Anemia is a medical condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood, which can result in reduced oxygen flow to the body's organs. The most common type of anemia is iron-deficiency anemia, which occurs when the body does not have enough iron to produce adequate hemoglobin. Other types can arise from chronic diseases, genetic conditions, or a lack of certain vitamins such as B12 or folate. Symptoms often include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, and shortness of breath, particularly during physical activity.
Diagnosing anemia typically involves blood tests to measure levels of red blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, and other related factors. Treatment varies depending on the underlying cause but may include dietary changes, supplements, or medications. In some cases, more serious interventions may be necessary, such as blood transfusions or treatments for associated conditions. If you suspect you have anemia, it's essential to consult a healthcare professional for appropriate evaluation and management.
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in several vital functions in the human body. It is essential for red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis. Naturally occurring in animal products, the vitamin can be found in high concentrations in meat, fish, eggs, and dairy, making it particularly important for those following a vegetarian or vegan diet, as plant-based sources of B12 are limited and often require supplementation.
A deficiency in vitamin B12 can lead to serious health issues, including anemia, fatigue, memory problems, and nerve damage. Due to its significance, it's crucial for individuals, particularly those at risk of deficiency, to ensure adequate intake through diet or supplementation. For most adults, the recommended daily allowance (RDA) is around 2.4 micrograms, though pregnant or breastfeeding women may require higher amounts. If you're considering B12 supplements, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best option for your specific needs and health status.
B12 plays a crucial role in the formation of red blood cells, and a deficiency can lead to a specific type of anemia called pernicious anemia. In this condition, the body lacks sufficient vitamin B12, which is essential for producing healthy red blood cells, resulting in a decreased ability to transport oxygen throughout the body. Symptoms of this type of anemia can include fatigue, weakness, and even neurological issues if left untreated.
Supplementing with B12 can alleviate these symptoms and correct the deficiency, making it an effective part of the treatment plan for those diagnosed with pernicious anemia. However, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional before starting supplementation, as the specific needs can vary significantly between individuals. They may recommend dietary adjustments or injections depending on the severity of the deficiency and the underlying causes. In sum, while B12 can certainly help with certain types of anemia, addressing the root cause with professional guidance is key for effective treatment.
Based on user reviews, the time it takes to see results from vitamin B12 supplements for anemia may vary, but many users report noticeable improvements within 12 to 14 days of consistent use. One user noted significant enhancements in sleep quality and alertness shortly after this timeframe, indicating that relief from anemia symptoms can occur relatively quickly (Read Review). Other reviewers echoed the effectiveness of this particular vitamin B12 supplement, suggesting that for some, results may be seen even sooner depending on individual circumstances and how long they have been dealing with deficiency (Read Review).
Additionally, users highlight the importance of combining vitamin B12 with iron supplements to maximize absorption and efficacy in treating anemia (Read Review). Overall, while individual experiences may differ, you can generally expect to start noticing effects within a couple of weeks, making it a viable option for those looking to address anemia symptoms.
Research supports the use of vitamin B12 as a treatment for certain types of anemia, particularly those linked to vitamin B12 deficiency. Numerous case studies highlight its effectiveness, especially in conditions like pernicious anemia, where low cobalamin levels lead to macrocytic anemia. For instance, in one study, a 40-year-old woman diagnosed with pernicious anemia showed significant neurological improvement after receiving parenteral B12 treatment, underscoring its vital role in managing anemia symptoms ([1]). Similarly, another case involved a 51-year-old Ugandan man diagnosed with pernicious anemia, who reached significant health improvements following methylcobalamin injections, indicating that vitamin B12 is crucial not just for red blood cell production but also for overall health ([3]).
Furthermore, the importance of vitamin B12 extends to various demographics, including children. A study comparing multiple micronutrients alongside iron supplementation in children found that those receiving adequate B12 showed improved hemoglobin levels ([2]). While research differs on the exact methods of delivery—some studies suggest that parenteral methods may be more effective than oral ([13])—the consensus remains clear: addressing vitamin B12 deficiency is an essential element in treating specific anemic conditions, making it a scientifically supported supplement for individuals suffering from anemia.
Based on user reviews, many individuals have reported significant improvements in their anemia symptoms after using the vitamin B12 supplement. One user specifically noted that after consuming two cans, they experienced no signs of anemia, indicating a complete resolution of their vitamin B12 deficiency (Read Review). Another reviewer emphasized that this product was notably effective, marking a stark contrast to other B12 supplements that failed to provide relief, suggesting a notable activation of mental clarity despite a potential downside of insomnia (Read Review).
Users also highlighted the product's efficacy in improving overall wellbeing when taken alongside iron supplements, citing enhanced absorption as critical for treating anemia (Read Review). Improvements were commonly noted within a couple of weeks, with a user specifically mentioning enhanced sleep quality and brain alertness after 12-14 days of consistent use (Read Review). These anecdotal experiences suggest that while individual results can vary, many users found this vitamin B12 supplement to be a vital component in their anemia management.
Users report that combining vitamin B12 supplements with iron is particularly beneficial for effectively managing anemia. Many reviewers emphasized that taking B12 alongside iron greatly enhances absorption and overall results in treating anemia, with one user noting that this combination is crucial given that a B12 deficiency can also lead to anemia (Read Review). This sentiment was echoed by others who observed significant improvements in their anemia symptoms when utilizing both supplements together (Read Review).
Moreover, users have remarked on the speed at which they began to experience relief, often within 12-14 days of consistent use. One reviewer mentioned that they achieved better brain alertness and improved sleep quality after reintroducing B12 into their regimen alongside iron (Read Review). Overall, the combination of B12 and iron supplements appears to be a well-recommended strategy among users for managing anemia effectively.
For treating anemia related to vitamin B12 deficiency, the optimal dosage can vary based on the severity of the deficiency and individual circumstances. Research indicates that for individuals diagnosed with pernicious anemia, parenteral administration of methylcobalamin at doses around 1000 micrograms (μg) can be effective. In one study, over 88.5% of participants who received this dosage reported significant improvements in their vitamin B12 levels and associated biological markers after just one month of treatment [10].
In more severe cases or for those unable to benefit from typical oral supplementation, dosages can be even higher, with doses exceeding 200 µg per day being administered as part of a medical treatment protocol. This is especially pertinent when managing complex conditions that involve absorption issues or significant symptoms of anemia [14]. Therefore, for optimal results, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare provider to tailor the B12 supplementation to the individual's needs.
7.5
Sleep quality improved
5 people found this helpful
I noticed effects after 12-14 days of use, with improvements in sleep quality by a significant margin. My brain felt more alert after a prolonged deficiency of B12 and anaemia symptoms. I’ve tried milgam without such results. My friend, sharing similar symptoms, also benefitted, and one supply is adequate for three people for a year.
9
No more anemia
6 people found this helpful
An excellent source of B12 to eliminate deficiencies. It assisted me in treating iron deficiency anemia, eliminating vitamin B12 deficiency altogether. I consumed two cans consecutively and experienced no signs of anaemia.
7.5
Essential for anemia
1 people found this helpful
Taken to treat anaemia alongside iron, I found that vitamin B12 is effectively absorbed as a supplement. When addressing anaemia, it is crucial to combine these two, as a B12 deficiency can also cause anaemia. Understanding why vitamins are poorly absorbed should begin with examining stomach health.
9
Improved my anemia
1 people found this helpful
It improved my anemia significantly; truly the most natural B12 vitamin I've encountered. Other B12 supplements I tried were ineffective, but this one really activated my brain, albeit causing some insomnia.
8
Pernicious anemia linked to B12
A long-standing undiagnosed case of vitamin B12 deficiency: a case report.
This case explores the journey of a 40-year-old woman who suffered from various nonspecific symptoms, mistakenly attributed to other health issues, for ten years. Her vitamin B12 levels were critically low, ultimately diagnosed as pernicious anemia.
After starting parenteral B12 treatment, we observed significant neurological improvements, underscoring how vital it is to recognize vitamin B12 deficiency as a potential cause of anemia, even when classic symptoms aren't present. This case reminds us to maintain a broad perspective for accurate diagnosis.
8
Pernicious anemia diagnosis and treatment
Rural health challenges in Western Uganda: pernicious anemia masquerading as recurrent lower limb weakness-a case report.
We explored a case involving a 51-year-old Ugandan man who experienced recurring lower limb weakness and was ultimately diagnosed with pernicious anemia. His condition stemmed from vitamin B12 deficiency, confirmed by blood tests showing macrocytic anemia and low cobalamin levels.
With treatment using methylcobalamin injections, he showed significant improvement. This case emphasizes the need for heightened awareness of vitamin B12 deficiency in diagnosing anemia, especially in areas with limited health resources.
2
No significant B12 benefit observed
Comparative effectiveness of daily therapeutic supplementation with multiple micronutrients and iron-folic acid versus iron-folic acid alone in children with mild-to-moderate anaemia in rural India: an open-label, randomised controlled trial.
We evaluated whether adding multiple micronutrients to iron-folic acid supplementation would better combat anemia in children aged 6-59 months in rural India. In a well-structured trial of 1,300 participants, we found no significant difference in hemoglobin levels or anemia cure rates between those receiving iron-folic acid alone and those receiving the additional micronutrients.
Both groups showed a similar rate of recovery, suggesting that iron-folic acid alone may be sufficient. This emphasizes the importance of adherence to existing supplementation protocols to tackle anemia effectively.
7
Parenteral B12 may be better
Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Parenteral vs Oral Route of Vitamin B12 Supplementation for the Treatment of Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia in Children: A Systematic Review.
We sought to understand how effective vitamin B12 is in treating anemia in children. Our focus was on comparing two different methods of supplementation: parenteral (injections) and oral (pills). While previous studies in adults suggested both methods might have similar benefits, we found limited data for children, prompting our thorough investigation.
Our literature search pulled from multiple reputable databases for randomized controlled trials that specifically looked at vitamin B12 treatments in children with deficiency anemia. Of the thousands of studies reviewed, only one qualified for our analysis. In this study, children received an initial injection of vitamin B12 before being assigned to either the parenteral or oral treatment group.
We observed notable differences in the outcomes after three months. The children who received the parenteral treatment showed significantly higher vitamin B12 levels and better improvements in hemoglobin, indicating that this method may be more effective. However, we should note that the quality of the study was deemed high risk for bias, and there was no safety data reported, making it challenging to draw strong conclusions.
Overall, while the findings hint at a greater effectiveness of parenteral supplementation, the lack of robust evidence calls for caution in interpreting these results. Further high-quality research is necessary before definitive recommendations can be made.
9.5
Oral B12 significantly improves anemia
Oral vitamin B12 supplementation in pernicious anemia: a prospective cohort study.
We focused on how oral vitamin B12 could help those with pernicious anemia, where absorption is usually impaired. Participants diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency due to this condition took a daily dose of 1000 μg of oral cyanocobalamin.
Over a year, an impressive 88.5% of them no longer showed deficiency after just one month, with significant improvements in vitamin B12 levels and related biological markers. Importantly, these benefits lasted throughout the study period.
9
Vitamin B12's role in anemia
A Framework to Guide Defining an Upper Threshold of Crystalline Vitamin B12 in Foods and Food Supplements.
We explored how vitamin B12 affects anemia, specifically through its role in correcting deficiencies. The research analyzes oral B12 intake and its absorption, particularly in individuals showing signs of deficiency.
There’s a clear relationship between the amount of B12 consumed and the body’s response. Supplements offering up to 20 µg of B12 daily are deemed safe and unlikely to trigger side effects.
For those severely affected, higher dosages—like 50 µg—may help stabilize abnormal markers in the blood, while foods designed for medical purposes can contain up to 150 µg.
However, anything beyond 200 µg per day should be treated as a drug, as it can effectively address anemia and related symptoms. Importantly, for individuals diagnosed with deficiency, proper medical treatment remains essential, leaning towards higher doses of B12.
References
Mesgarankarimi A, Rezapour M, Tabrizi N. A long-standing undiagnosed case of vitamin B12 deficiency: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2025;19:151. doi:10.1186/s13256-025-05149-7
Upadhyay RP, Chowdhury R, Mundra S, Taneja S, Jacob M, et al. Comparative effectiveness of daily therapeutic supplementation with multiple micronutrients and iron-folic acid versus iron-folic acid alone in children with mild-to-moderate anaemia in rural India: an open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Glob Health. 2025;13:e497. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(24)00559-X
Mswelo VE, David MM, Banturaki A, Munyambalu DK, Hassan HA, et al. Rural health challenges in Western Uganda: pernicious anemia masquerading as recurrent lower limb weakness-a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2025;19:60. doi:10.1186/s13256-025-05095-4
Hirakata K, Ishii Y, Yoshida T, Tanaka F, Nakae Y. [A case of diagnosed pernicious anemia and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord with abnormally elevated serum vitamin B12]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2025;65:120. doi:10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-002023
Zhang D, Liu S, Xi B, Zhu Y, Chen Y, et al. Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome in a child with a novel compound heterozygous mutations in the AMN gene: a case report. Ital J Pediatr. 2024;50:191. doi:10.1186/s13052-024-01757-z
Di Sario F, Piloni F, Gasparini F, Serpetti E, Bruschi B, et al. Severe pancytopenia at the presentation of Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome in a 23-month-old Italian boy. Ital J Pediatr. 2024;50:186. doi:10.1186/s13052-024-01759-x
Shen M, Luo X, Wu C, Wang J, Wang Z, et al. Pernicious anemia is a common cause of cobalamin deficiency-caused megaloblastic anemia in Hainan, China. Hematology. 2024;29:2399375. doi:10.1080/16078454.2024.2399375
Iqbal N, Meghani MA, Khalid W, Ansari AH, Ansari MUH, et al. Transcobalamin deficiency - a rare genetic defect in transportation of cobalamin; case report. Ann Hematol. 2024;103:3243. doi:10.1007/s00277-024-05878-7
Song JH, Park SH, Cho M, Kim YM, Hyung WJ, et al. Proximal Gastrectomy Is Associated with Lower Incidence of Anemia and Vitamin B12 Deficiency Compared to Total Gastrectomy in Patients with Upper Gastric Cancer. Cancer Res Treat. 2025;57:174. doi:10.4143/crt.2024.319
Lacombe V, Vinatier E, Roquin G, Copin MC, Delattre E, et al. Oral vitamin B12 supplementation in pernicious anemia: a prospective cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2024;120:217. doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.05.019
Chakrabarti S, Ajjampur SSR, Waddington HS, Kishore A, Nguyen PH, et al. Deworming and micronutrient status by community open defecation prevalence: An observational study using nationally representative data from India, 2016-2018. PLoS Med. 2024;21:e1004402. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1004402
Sawada Y, Sakamoto K, Tsukamura A, Sawai C. Vitamin B12 deficiency-induced megaloblastic anemia in a pediatric patient with autism spectrum disorder with a chronically unbalanced diet. Int J Hematol. 2024;119:613. doi:10.1007/s12185-024-03759-3
Sachdeva M, Purohit A, Malik M, Jain L, Pradhan P, et al. Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Parenteral vs Oral Route of Vitamin B12 Supplementation for the Treatment of Vitamin B12 Deficiency Anemia in Children: A Systematic Review. Nutr Rev. 2025. doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuae227
Obeid R, Geisel J, Pietrzik K, Andres E. A Framework to Guide Defining an Upper Threshold of Crystalline Vitamin B12 in Foods and Food Supplements. Curr Nutr Rep. 2025;14:32. doi:10.1007/s13668-025-00622-7
Belhaj R, Maaloul I, Kolsi R, Rekik T, Chabchoub I, et al. Study of clinical manifestations and etiologies of megaloblastic anemia in children. Transfus Clin Biol. 2025. doi:10.1016/j.tracli.2025.01.006
Goncalves H, De Oliveira Simões F, Sá R, Fraga Campos B, Domingues RM, et al. Severe Symptomatic Anemia as a Rare Initial Manifestation of Type 3 Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome: A Case Report. Cureus. 2024;16:e75800. doi:10.7759/cureus.75800
Moreira AP, Vasconcelos M, Costa E Silva T, Relvas C, Espírito Santo J. An Unusual Case of Hemolytic Anemia: A Case Report. Cureus. 2024;16:e75676. doi:10.7759/cureus.75676
Lang C, Huang P, Gao J, Chen Y, He Z. Co-existence of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3b and undifferentiated connective tissue disease with subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord in children: a case report and literature review. BMC Pediatr. 2024;24:817. doi:10.1186/s12887-024-05262-4
Tavares Pereira J, Barbosa Barroso J, Azevedo A, Ribeiro A, Tonel C. Pseudo-Thrombotic Microangiopathy Secondary to Vitamin B12 Deficiency. Cureus. 2024;16:e73620. doi:10.7759/cureus.73620
Jamil M, Nasser Z, Jamil D, Sheqwara JZ. Unmasking Vitamin B12 Deficiency Misdiagnosed as Myelodysplastic Syndrome. Case Rep Hematol. 2024;2024:3258227. doi:10.1155/2024/3258227
Memon NM, Conti G, Brilli E, Tarantino G, Chaudhry MNA, et al. Comparative bioavailability study of supplemental oral Sucrosomial vs. oral conventional vitamin B12 in enhancing circulatory B12 levels in healthy deficient adults: a multicentre, double-blind randomized clinical trial. Front Nutr. 2024;11:1493593. doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1493593