Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 25 Researches
7.6
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 9 Reviews
8.1
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 2 Softgels
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Calories
20
Total Fat
2 g
3%**
Saturated Fat
0.5 g
3%**
Polyunsaturated Fat
1 g
†
Monounsaturated Fat
0.5 g
†
Fish Oil Concentrate
2 g (2,000 mg)
†
Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)
360 mg
†
Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)
240 mg
†
Top Medical Research Studies
8
In our exploration of omega-3 fatty acids, we aimed to understand how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), compared to α-linolenic acid (ALA), impacts obesity, particularly in a specific mouse model designed for this purpose. We fed both wildtype and delta-6 desaturase knockout (KO) mice a high-fat diet rich in different fats over a period of 21 weeks. These diets included lard, which contains no omega-3s, flaxseed (rich in ALA), and menhaden fish oil (rich in EPA and docosahexaenoic acid, DHA).
What we found was quite revealing. While the final body weights of the mice did not vary significantly, those fed menhaden oil experienced reduced epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) weight, smaller adipocyte sizes, and lower triacylglycerol (TAG) content compared to those on a lard diet. Interestingly, the eWAT of flaxseed-fed wildtype mice showed similar improvements as those on menhaden oil, but this positive effect did not extend to the KO mice, which exhibited characteristics more similar to the lard group.
It's important to note that despite these differences in adipose characteristics, we did not observe any changes in inflammatory markers between the different groups. This suggests that while a diet enriched in EPA/DHA may help reduce fat storage and cell size, it does not appear to influence inflammatory responses in this particular model of obesity. Overall, this study highlights the specific benefits of EPA/DHA in addressing obesity-related issues without exacerbating inflammation.
What we found was quite revealing. While the final body weights of the mice did not vary significantly, those fed menhaden oil experienced reduced epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) weight, smaller adipocyte sizes, and lower triacylglycerol (TAG) content compared to those on a lard diet. Interestingly, the eWAT of flaxseed-fed wildtype mice showed similar improvements as those on menhaden oil, but this positive effect did not extend to the KO mice, which exhibited characteristics more similar to the lard group.
It's important to note that despite these differences in adipose characteristics, we did not observe any changes in inflammatory markers between the different groups. This suggests that while a diet enriched in EPA/DHA may help reduce fat storage and cell size, it does not appear to influence inflammatory responses in this particular model of obesity. Overall, this study highlights the specific benefits of EPA/DHA in addressing obesity-related issues without exacerbating inflammation.
Read More
8
We explored the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on obesity by observing its effects on fat cells, specifically using 3T3-L1 cells as our model. This study aimed to understand how EPA, an omega-3 fatty acid, influences lipid storage and oxidative stress in comparison to palmitic acid, a saturated fatty acid known for its adverse effects.
Our findings revealed that EPA supplementation has a protective effect on fat cells. Unlike palmitic acid, which can lead to excessive lipid accumulation and promote inflammation, we observed that EPA reduces the size of fat droplets in the cells. Additionally, EPA appears to bring about favorable redox changes, highlighting its benefits in reducing oxidative stress.
These results emphasize the potential of EPA in managing obesity and improving metabolic health by supporting a healthier fatty acid profile in adipose tissue. Rather than contributing to fat storage, EPA may help mitigate the risks associated with weight gain and its related health issues.
Our findings revealed that EPA supplementation has a protective effect on fat cells. Unlike palmitic acid, which can lead to excessive lipid accumulation and promote inflammation, we observed that EPA reduces the size of fat droplets in the cells. Additionally, EPA appears to bring about favorable redox changes, highlighting its benefits in reducing oxidative stress.
These results emphasize the potential of EPA in managing obesity and improving metabolic health by supporting a healthier fatty acid profile in adipose tissue. Rather than contributing to fat storage, EPA may help mitigate the risks associated with weight gain and its related health issues.
Read More
7
We explored how eicosapentaenoic acid, a key omega-3 fatty acid, affects gene expression in the liver of individuals with obesity. To do this, participants with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher were given either 3.36 grams of eicosapentaenoic acid daily or 5 grams of butter as a control for eight weeks. After this period, they underwent bariatric surgery, and we took liver biopsies to analyze gene expression.
Our findings revealed that eicosapentaenoic acid led to significant changes in gene activity within the liver. Specifically, we observed alterations in pathways associated with lipid metabolism, immunity, and inflammation. Eicosapentaenoic acid appeared to enhance the functions related to T-cells and B-cells while reducing the activity of glucagon signaling, which plays a role in regulating blood sugar levels.
These results shed light on the beneficial effects of eicosapentaenoic acid for individuals struggling with obesity. Overall, the study enhances our understanding of how this omega-3 fatty acid contributes to metabolic health, particularly in the context of liver function and immune response.
Our findings revealed that eicosapentaenoic acid led to significant changes in gene activity within the liver. Specifically, we observed alterations in pathways associated with lipid metabolism, immunity, and inflammation. Eicosapentaenoic acid appeared to enhance the functions related to T-cells and B-cells while reducing the activity of glucagon signaling, which plays a role in regulating blood sugar levels.
These results shed light on the beneficial effects of eicosapentaenoic acid for individuals struggling with obesity. Overall, the study enhances our understanding of how this omega-3 fatty acid contributes to metabolic health, particularly in the context of liver function and immune response.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Skin improvement
I found this omega-3 to be delightful with no off-putting smells. After a monthly course, my skin improved significantly, and it effectively lowers the risk of cardiovascular diseases and obesity. I recommend it highly!
Read More
9
Effective supplement
Omega is an excellent dietary supplement for tackling obesity. I consistently use it during my weight management efforts.
Read More
7.5
Improved hair growth
240 people found this helpful
Omega-3 is primarily beneficial for reducing cardiovascular issues: it combats bad cholesterol, normalises blood pressure, and strengthens the heart. It has helped diminish my cholesterol levels, and after prolonged use, I noticed my hair quality improving. I’ve ordered this product four times, appreciating how it promotes hair growth and thins the blood, which is advantageous for heart health. My hair now shines more and splits less.
Read More
Medical Researches
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Possibly Effective
Based on 25 Researches
7.6
- All Researches
9
We explored the benefits of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in reducing obesity through a study involving ob/ob mice given various doses of Lingguizhugan Decoction (LGZGD) over eight weeks. This classic Chinese medicine formulation demonstrated a significant impact on weight loss and fat reduction.
Our observations revealed that treatment with LGZGD enhanced gut microbiota diversity, which is crucial for maintaining a healthy gut. Specifically, we noted that the reduced ratio of certain gut bacteria after LGZGD treatment correlated with improved metabolic pathways, particularly those related to energy and lipid metabolism.
Most excitingly, we identified that two metabolites, EPA and myristoleic acid, were notably affected by LGZGD treatment. This suggests that EPA may play a role in how the gut microbiota contributes to obesity management. Although our study does not directly test EPA as a standalone treatment, its involvement highlights a promising area for further research.
Our observations revealed that treatment with LGZGD enhanced gut microbiota diversity, which is crucial for maintaining a healthy gut. Specifically, we noted that the reduced ratio of certain gut bacteria after LGZGD treatment correlated with improved metabolic pathways, particularly those related to energy and lipid metabolism.
Most excitingly, we identified that two metabolites, EPA and myristoleic acid, were notably affected by LGZGD treatment. This suggests that EPA may play a role in how the gut microbiota contributes to obesity management. Although our study does not directly test EPA as a standalone treatment, its involvement highlights a promising area for further research.
Read More
9
To explore the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on obesity, we conducted a study involving mice fed a high-fat diet. For eight weeks, we introduced different types of dietary phospholipids, including those enriched with EPA, DHA, and several others. This approach allowed us to assess how varying fatty acids and polar headgroups in these phospholipids influenced body weight and fat accumulation.
Our findings were promising; we observed that the phospholipids, especially those rich in EPA, led to decreased body weight and reduced fat storage. We also noted lower levels of circulating lipids in the blood, which are often associated with obesity. Interestingly, the phospholipids enriched with EPA showed the most significant effects, highlighting the importance of the specific fatty acids involved.
Additionally, we found that certain inflammatory markers, like TNF-α and MCP-1, significantly decreased with the DHA-enriched phospholipids and phosphatidylserine groups. Mechanistically, the EPA-rich phospholipids helped reduce fat accumulation by promoting genes related to fat breakdown while inhibiting those that lead to fat production.
This study clearly indicates that EPA-PS phospholipids are particularly effective in fighting obesity, attributed to the combination of beneficial fatty acid composition and certain headgroups. Our exploration reinforces the potential of incorporating EPA into dietary strategies aimed at addressing obesity.
Our findings were promising; we observed that the phospholipids, especially those rich in EPA, led to decreased body weight and reduced fat storage. We also noted lower levels of circulating lipids in the blood, which are often associated with obesity. Interestingly, the phospholipids enriched with EPA showed the most significant effects, highlighting the importance of the specific fatty acids involved.
Additionally, we found that certain inflammatory markers, like TNF-α and MCP-1, significantly decreased with the DHA-enriched phospholipids and phosphatidylserine groups. Mechanistically, the EPA-rich phospholipids helped reduce fat accumulation by promoting genes related to fat breakdown while inhibiting those that lead to fat production.
This study clearly indicates that EPA-PS phospholipids are particularly effective in fighting obesity, attributed to the combination of beneficial fatty acid composition and certain headgroups. Our exploration reinforces the potential of incorporating EPA into dietary strategies aimed at addressing obesity.
Read More
9
Omega-3 may reverse diet effects
In our exploration of how diet impacts brain function, we focused on the effects of a high-caloric Western Diet (WD) on obesity and brain health. We observed that feeding adolescent mice a WD leads to rapid changes in how their brain manages blood flow—specifically, the ability of their blood vessels to respond to increased brain activity was significantly impaired.
As early as three weeks into the WD, we noticed that essential mechanisms like functional hyperemia—the process that increases blood supply to active brain regions—were already compromised. This situation persisted into adulthood and middle age, raising concerns about the long-term effects of such dietary habits on brain health.
Interestingly, our study also identified that the imbalance between omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) contributed to the problem. By supplementing the diet with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid, we effectively restored normal blood flow responses and improved glucose management in these mice. This suggests that correcting dietary fat imbalances may offer a potential strategy to counteract the negative impacts of unhealthy eating patterns.
Overall, our findings highlight the serious effects of a Western Diet on brain blood flow and how omega-3 supplementation might serve as a beneficial intervention to support brain health in the face of obesity.
As early as three weeks into the WD, we noticed that essential mechanisms like functional hyperemia—the process that increases blood supply to active brain regions—were already compromised. This situation persisted into adulthood and middle age, raising concerns about the long-term effects of such dietary habits on brain health.
Interestingly, our study also identified that the imbalance between omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) contributed to the problem. By supplementing the diet with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid, we effectively restored normal blood flow responses and improved glucose management in these mice. This suggests that correcting dietary fat imbalances may offer a potential strategy to counteract the negative impacts of unhealthy eating patterns.
Overall, our findings highlight the serious effects of a Western Diet on brain blood flow and how omega-3 supplementation might serve as a beneficial intervention to support brain health in the face of obesity.
Read More
8
We investigated how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a key component of fish oil, affects insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, especially in the context of high-fat diets. The study involved male mice that either had or lacked a specific protein called Rictor, associated with a pathway known to influence cellular functions.
Our findings revealed that a diet rich in fish oil significantly enhanced glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in these mice. Moreover, the intake of fish oil resulted in better glucose uptake in both adipose (fat) tissues and skeletal muscle, all while reducing the liver's glucose production. This improvement was marked by lower levels of insulin in the bloodstream and an increase in the phosphorylation of a protein called Akt in the fat tissues, suggesting a key role for mTORC2 activation.
Interestingly, when the mice were fed a high-fat diet supplemented with EPA, we noticed an increase in insulin sensitivity and Akt phosphorylation, although this supplementation did not significantly improve overall glucose tolerance. This suggests that while EPA promotes insulin sensitivity via mTORC2, the enhancement of glucose tolerance observed with fish oil seems to arise from other mechanisms in the body, particularly in the muscles and liver.
Our study highlights how EPA can contribute to better metabolic health by improving how the body manages insulin and glucose, particularly for those consuming high-fat diets.
Our findings revealed that a diet rich in fish oil significantly enhanced glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in these mice. Moreover, the intake of fish oil resulted in better glucose uptake in both adipose (fat) tissues and skeletal muscle, all while reducing the liver's glucose production. This improvement was marked by lower levels of insulin in the bloodstream and an increase in the phosphorylation of a protein called Akt in the fat tissues, suggesting a key role for mTORC2 activation.
Interestingly, when the mice were fed a high-fat diet supplemented with EPA, we noticed an increase in insulin sensitivity and Akt phosphorylation, although this supplementation did not significantly improve overall glucose tolerance. This suggests that while EPA promotes insulin sensitivity via mTORC2, the enhancement of glucose tolerance observed with fish oil seems to arise from other mechanisms in the body, particularly in the muscles and liver.
Our study highlights how EPA can contribute to better metabolic health by improving how the body manages insulin and glucose, particularly for those consuming high-fat diets.
Read More
8
In our exploration of omega-3 fatty acids, we aimed to understand how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), compared to α-linolenic acid (ALA), impacts obesity, particularly in a specific mouse model designed for this purpose. We fed both wildtype and delta-6 desaturase knockout (KO) mice a high-fat diet rich in different fats over a period of 21 weeks. These diets included lard, which contains no omega-3s, flaxseed (rich in ALA), and menhaden fish oil (rich in EPA and docosahexaenoic acid, DHA).
What we found was quite revealing. While the final body weights of the mice did not vary significantly, those fed menhaden oil experienced reduced epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) weight, smaller adipocyte sizes, and lower triacylglycerol (TAG) content compared to those on a lard diet. Interestingly, the eWAT of flaxseed-fed wildtype mice showed similar improvements as those on menhaden oil, but this positive effect did not extend to the KO mice, which exhibited characteristics more similar to the lard group.
It's important to note that despite these differences in adipose characteristics, we did not observe any changes in inflammatory markers between the different groups. This suggests that while a diet enriched in EPA/DHA may help reduce fat storage and cell size, it does not appear to influence inflammatory responses in this particular model of obesity. Overall, this study highlights the specific benefits of EPA/DHA in addressing obesity-related issues without exacerbating inflammation.
What we found was quite revealing. While the final body weights of the mice did not vary significantly, those fed menhaden oil experienced reduced epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) weight, smaller adipocyte sizes, and lower triacylglycerol (TAG) content compared to those on a lard diet. Interestingly, the eWAT of flaxseed-fed wildtype mice showed similar improvements as those on menhaden oil, but this positive effect did not extend to the KO mice, which exhibited characteristics more similar to the lard group.
It's important to note that despite these differences in adipose characteristics, we did not observe any changes in inflammatory markers between the different groups. This suggests that while a diet enriched in EPA/DHA may help reduce fat storage and cell size, it does not appear to influence inflammatory responses in this particular model of obesity. Overall, this study highlights the specific benefits of EPA/DHA in addressing obesity-related issues without exacerbating inflammation.
Read More
User Reviews
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 9 Reviews
8.1
- All Reviews
- Positive Reviews
- Negative Reviews
9
Skin improvement
I found this omega-3 to be delightful with no off-putting smells. After a monthly course, my skin improved significantly, and it effectively lowers the risk of cardiovascular diseases and obesity. I recommend it highly!
Read More
9
Effective supplement
Omega is an excellent dietary supplement for tackling obesity. I consistently use it during my weight management efforts.
Read More
7.5
Improved hair growth
240 people found this helpful
Omega-3 is primarily beneficial for reducing cardiovascular issues: it combats bad cholesterol, normalises blood pressure, and strengthens the heart. It has helped diminish my cholesterol levels, and after prolonged use, I noticed my hair quality improving. I’ve ordered this product four times, appreciating how it promotes hair growth and thins the blood, which is advantageous for heart health. My hair now shines more and splits less.
Read More
9
Combats obesity
17 people found this helpful
This omega-3 supplement offers excellent value for money. With 200 capsules in a jar, it lasts a long time. Taking one tablet twice daily suits adults well. Omega-3s lower harmful fats in the blood and reduce the risk of heart attacks. They also help in tackling obesity by stimulating fat metabolism. Regular intake has a positive impact on mood and cognitive function, greatly benefiting mental health.
Read More
8
Preventive effects
1 people found this helpful
Omega-3 from Nau is an invaluable dietary supplement with unique properties: it reduces bad cholesterol, improves circulation, and supports the heart. It effectively combats obesity and slows skin ageing, benefiting both the nervous system and brain function. The price is quite reasonable.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
7.5
Weight loss benefits
1 people found this helpful
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for a healthy body. After two weeks, I noticed my hair shedding less and my skin improved. This supplement is beneficial for weight loss and combating obesity.
9
Effective supplement
Omega is an excellent dietary supplement for tackling obesity. I consistently use it during my weight management efforts.
9
Combats obesity
17 people found this helpful
This omega-3 supplement offers excellent value for money. With 200 capsules in a jar, it lasts a long time. Taking one tablet twice daily suits adults well. Omega-3s lower harmful fats in the blood and reduce the risk of heart attacks. They also help in tackling obesity by stimulating fat metabolism. Regular intake has a positive impact on mood and cognitive function, greatly benefiting mental health.
9
Skin improvement
I found this omega-3 to be delightful with no off-putting smells. After a monthly course, my skin improved significantly, and it effectively lowers the risk of cardiovascular diseases and obesity. I recommend it highly!
6
Fights obesity
This purified Omega-3 offers a good quantity of EPA and DHA acids. It primarily affects the cardiovascular system, reducing cholesterol levels and preventing atherosclerosis. It also combats obesity and improves brain function, vision and skin condition.
8
We investigated how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a key component of fish oil, affects insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, especially in the context of high-fat diets. The study involved male mice that either had or lacked a specific protein called Rictor, associated with a pathway known to influence cellular functions.
Our findings revealed that a diet rich in fish oil significantly enhanced glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in these mice. Moreover, the intake of fish oil resulted in better glucose uptake in both adipose (fat) tissues and skeletal muscle, all while reducing the liver's glucose production. This improvement was marked by lower levels of insulin in the bloodstream and an increase in the phosphorylation of a protein called Akt in the fat tissues, suggesting a key role for mTORC2 activation.
Interestingly, when the mice were fed a high-fat diet supplemented with EPA, we noticed an increase in insulin sensitivity and Akt phosphorylation, although this supplementation did not significantly improve overall glucose tolerance. This suggests that while EPA promotes insulin sensitivity via mTORC2, the enhancement of glucose tolerance observed with fish oil seems to arise from other mechanisms in the body, particularly in the muscles and liver.
Our study highlights how EPA can contribute to better metabolic health by improving how the body manages insulin and glucose, particularly for those consuming high-fat diets.
Our findings revealed that a diet rich in fish oil significantly enhanced glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in these mice. Moreover, the intake of fish oil resulted in better glucose uptake in both adipose (fat) tissues and skeletal muscle, all while reducing the liver's glucose production. This improvement was marked by lower levels of insulin in the bloodstream and an increase in the phosphorylation of a protein called Akt in the fat tissues, suggesting a key role for mTORC2 activation.
Interestingly, when the mice were fed a high-fat diet supplemented with EPA, we noticed an increase in insulin sensitivity and Akt phosphorylation, although this supplementation did not significantly improve overall glucose tolerance. This suggests that while EPA promotes insulin sensitivity via mTORC2, the enhancement of glucose tolerance observed with fish oil seems to arise from other mechanisms in the body, particularly in the muscles and liver.
Our study highlights how EPA can contribute to better metabolic health by improving how the body manages insulin and glucose, particularly for those consuming high-fat diets.
7
Eicosapentaenoic acid modulates inflammation
We explored the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a component of fish oil, on inflammation linked to obesity. Our study involved human visceral adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), which were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a substance that triggers inflammation. We then treated these cells with fish oil rich in EPA to see if it could help counteract the inflammatory effects of LPS.
Our results revealed that LPS increased the activity of a protein called NF-κB, which led to changes in gene expression and epigenetic marks in ASCs. Notably, we found that LPS caused a rise in the levels of KDM6B, an enzyme that affects how histones (the proteins that help package DNA) are modified. These changes resulted in increased acetylation of H3K27, which is typically associated with a boost in genes related to fat formation and inflammation.
However, when we introduced EPA from fish oil to the mix, it appeared to mitigate these inflammation-induced changes. Specifically, EPA reduced the acetylation of H3K27 and promoted methylation instead, which might help in maintaining healthy adipocyte functions. This suggests that EPA, part of an essential fatty acid diet, could play a protective role against the adverse effects of obesity-related inflammation.
Our results revealed that LPS increased the activity of a protein called NF-κB, which led to changes in gene expression and epigenetic marks in ASCs. Notably, we found that LPS caused a rise in the levels of KDM6B, an enzyme that affects how histones (the proteins that help package DNA) are modified. These changes resulted in increased acetylation of H3K27, which is typically associated with a boost in genes related to fat formation and inflammation.
However, when we introduced EPA from fish oil to the mix, it appeared to mitigate these inflammation-induced changes. Specifically, EPA reduced the acetylation of H3K27 and promoted methylation instead, which might help in maintaining healthy adipocyte functions. This suggests that EPA, part of an essential fatty acid diet, could play a protective role against the adverse effects of obesity-related inflammation.
7
We explored how eicosapentaenoic acid, a key omega-3 fatty acid, affects gene expression in the liver of individuals with obesity. To do this, participants with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher were given either 3.36 grams of eicosapentaenoic acid daily or 5 grams of butter as a control for eight weeks. After this period, they underwent bariatric surgery, and we took liver biopsies to analyze gene expression.
Our findings revealed that eicosapentaenoic acid led to significant changes in gene activity within the liver. Specifically, we observed alterations in pathways associated with lipid metabolism, immunity, and inflammation. Eicosapentaenoic acid appeared to enhance the functions related to T-cells and B-cells while reducing the activity of glucagon signaling, which plays a role in regulating blood sugar levels.
These results shed light on the beneficial effects of eicosapentaenoic acid for individuals struggling with obesity. Overall, the study enhances our understanding of how this omega-3 fatty acid contributes to metabolic health, particularly in the context of liver function and immune response.
Our findings revealed that eicosapentaenoic acid led to significant changes in gene activity within the liver. Specifically, we observed alterations in pathways associated with lipid metabolism, immunity, and inflammation. Eicosapentaenoic acid appeared to enhance the functions related to T-cells and B-cells while reducing the activity of glucagon signaling, which plays a role in regulating blood sugar levels.
These results shed light on the beneficial effects of eicosapentaenoic acid for individuals struggling with obesity. Overall, the study enhances our understanding of how this omega-3 fatty acid contributes to metabolic health, particularly in the context of liver function and immune response.
9
To explore the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on obesity, we conducted a study involving mice fed a high-fat diet. For eight weeks, we introduced different types of dietary phospholipids, including those enriched with EPA, DHA, and several others. This approach allowed us to assess how varying fatty acids and polar headgroups in these phospholipids influenced body weight and fat accumulation.
Our findings were promising; we observed that the phospholipids, especially those rich in EPA, led to decreased body weight and reduced fat storage. We also noted lower levels of circulating lipids in the blood, which are often associated with obesity. Interestingly, the phospholipids enriched with EPA showed the most significant effects, highlighting the importance of the specific fatty acids involved.
Additionally, we found that certain inflammatory markers, like TNF-α and MCP-1, significantly decreased with the DHA-enriched phospholipids and phosphatidylserine groups. Mechanistically, the EPA-rich phospholipids helped reduce fat accumulation by promoting genes related to fat breakdown while inhibiting those that lead to fat production.
This study clearly indicates that EPA-PS phospholipids are particularly effective in fighting obesity, attributed to the combination of beneficial fatty acid composition and certain headgroups. Our exploration reinforces the potential of incorporating EPA into dietary strategies aimed at addressing obesity.
Our findings were promising; we observed that the phospholipids, especially those rich in EPA, led to decreased body weight and reduced fat storage. We also noted lower levels of circulating lipids in the blood, which are often associated with obesity. Interestingly, the phospholipids enriched with EPA showed the most significant effects, highlighting the importance of the specific fatty acids involved.
Additionally, we found that certain inflammatory markers, like TNF-α and MCP-1, significantly decreased with the DHA-enriched phospholipids and phosphatidylserine groups. Mechanistically, the EPA-rich phospholipids helped reduce fat accumulation by promoting genes related to fat breakdown while inhibiting those that lead to fat production.
This study clearly indicates that EPA-PS phospholipids are particularly effective in fighting obesity, attributed to the combination of beneficial fatty acid composition and certain headgroups. Our exploration reinforces the potential of incorporating EPA into dietary strategies aimed at addressing obesity.
References
- Castro É, Vieira TS, Peixoto ÁS, Leonardi BF, Tomazelli CA, et al. Fish Oil and EPA Improve Insulin Sensitivity, in Part Through Adipocyte mTORC2 Activation in Diet-Induced Obese Male Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2025. 10.1002/mnfr.70001
- Simao JJ, Bispo AFS, Plata VTG, Abel ABM, Saran RJ, et al. The Activation of the NF-κB Pathway in Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Alters the Deposition of Epigenetic Marks on H3K27 and Is Modulated by Fish Oil. Life (Basel). 2024;14. 10.3390/life14121653
- Joerg R, Itariu BK, Amor M, Bilban M, Langer F, et al. The effect of long-chain n-3 PUFA on liver transcriptome in human obesity. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2024;204:102663. 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102663
- Smorenburg JN, Hodun K, McTavish PV, Wang C, Pinheiro MA, et al. EPA/DHA but Not ALA Reduces Visceral Adiposity and Adipocyte Size in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Delta-6 Desaturase Knockout Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2025;69:e202400721. 10.1002/mnfr.202400721
- Bakondi E, Jung T, Marg S, Schnell V, Weber D, et al. Palmitic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation in 3T3 adipocytes: impact on lipid storage and oxidative stress. Redox Rep. 2024;29:2430882. 10.1080/13510002.2024.2430882
- Choi JH, Park SE, Kim S. Antarctic Krill Oil Supplementation Attenuates Hypercholesterolemia, Fatty Liver, and Oxidative Stress in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16213614
- Reyes-Pérez SD, González-Becerra K, Barrón-Cabrera E, Muñoz-Valle JF, Armendáriz-Borunda J, et al. Genetic Variant and Omega-3 Supplementation Are Associated with Changes in Fatty Acid Composition in Red Blood Cells of Subjects with Obesity. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16203522
- Lin YW, Cheng SW, Liu WC, Zailani H, Wu SK, et al. Chemogenetic targeting TRPV1 in obesity-induced depression: Unveiling therapeutic potential of eicosapentaenoic acid and acupuncture. Brain Behav Immun. 2025;123:771. 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.10.028
- Perva IT, Simina IE, Bende R, Motofelea AC, Chirita Emandi A, et al. Use of a Micronutrient Cocktail to Improve Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in Adults with Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Pilot Clinical Trial. Medicina (Kaunas). 2024;60. 10.3390/medicina60081366
- de Jesus Simão J, de Sousa Bispo AF, Plata VTG, Armelin-Correa LM, Alonso-Vale MIC. Fish Oil Supplementation Mitigates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity: Exploring Epigenetic Modulation and Genes Associated with Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024;17. 10.3390/ph17070861
- Wang M, Li H, Liu C, Zhang Y, Wu Q, et al. Lingguizhugan Decoction Improved Obesity by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and its Metabolites in Mice. Curr Drug Metab. 2024;25:276. 10.2174/0113892002289388240705113755
- Hong L, Zahradka P, Taylor CG. Differential Modulation by Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) of Mesenteric Fat and Macrophages and T Cells in Adipose Tissue of Obese / Zucker Rats. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16091311
- Iizasa S, Nagao K, Tsuge K, Nagano Y, Yanagita T. Identification of genes regulated by lipids from seaweed Susabinori (Pyropia yezoensis) involved in the improvement of hepatic steatosis: Insights from RNA-Seq analysis in obese db/db mice. PLoS One. 2023;18:e0295591. 10.1371/journal.pone.0295591
- Sandoval C, Nahuelqueo K, Mella L, Recabarren B, Souza-Mello V, et al. Role of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic, in the regulation of gene expression during the development of obesity: a systematic review. Front Nutr. 2023;10:1288804. 10.3389/fnut.2023.1288804
- Zhang L, Mu J, Meng J, Su W, Li J. Dietary Phospholipids Alleviate Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice: Which Fatty Acids and Which Polar Head. Mar Drugs. 2023;21. 10.3390/md21110555
- Virgolici B, Popescu LA, Virgolici HM, Stefan CD, Mohora M, et al. EFFECTS OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS ASSOCIATED WITH ANTIOXIDANT VITAMINS IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE CHILDREN. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar). 2023;19:221. 10.4183/aeb.2023.221
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