We explored the impact of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly omega-3s, on anxiety and depression in over 102,000 participants from the UK Biobank.
The study revealed that higher levels of omega-3 PUFAs were linked to lower risks of developing anxiety and depressive disorders, alongside improvement in adverse psychological symptoms.
Additionally, the research highlighted significant associations between these fatty acids and brain white matter structure, providing valuable insights into how omega-3s might support mental wellness.
Read More
8
DHA improves milk and reduces anxiety
DHA Supplementation of Obese Rats throughout Pregnancy and Lactation Modifies Milk Composition and Anxiety Behavior of Offspring.
We explored how supplementing obese mothers with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) affects milk composition and the anxiety behavior of their offspring. In a study involving female Wistar rats, some were placed on a high-fat diet while others ate regular chow. We supplemented half of the mothers from one month before mating until they weaned their pups with DHA. The goal was to see if this supplementation could improve the quality of their milk and influence the anxiety levels of their babies.
Our findings indicated that the obese mother rats exhibited higher weight and fat levels and their milk contained less beneficial DHA but more corticosterone and leptin. Notably, their offspring showed a higher ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids in the milk they consumed, which correlates to increased anxiety levels, especially in female pups. In contrast, those mothers who received DHA supplements had lower body weight and fat and produced milk with higher DHA content. Their offspring not only had a better balance of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids but also demonstrated reduced anxiety compared to those from mothers without supplementation.
Overall, this study highlights the significant positive impact of DHA supplementation during pregnancy and lactation in obese rats, as it not only improves the nutritional quality of their milk but also helps decrease anxiety levels in the offspring in a sex-dependent manner.
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7
Omega-3 shows uncertain anxiety benefits
Efficacy and safety of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation for anxiety symptoms: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
We explored the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on anxiety through a systematic review of 23 trials with nearly 2,200 participants. The results indicated that taking omega-3 at a dose of 2 grams per day may lead to a notable reduction in anxiety symptoms, although the certainty of this evidence is very low. Doses lower than 2 grams showed minimal impact on anxiety levels. While omega-3 supplementation did not result in more adverse effects, further high-quality trials are needed for clearer conclusions.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Reduces inflammation
1 people found this helpful
Ideal for immunity and beautiful skin and hair. Fish oil was mandated in childhood for a reason. Back then, we didn't understand polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) or omega-3's vital role, yet children taking fish oil were found to be healthier, with stable nervous systems. Sufficient omega-3 consumption leads to good immunity, delayed ageing, and a clear mind. Fish oil promotes a healthy emotional state and significantly reduces anxiety. Despite my limited fish intake, I’ve appreciated the visible improvements in my skin and hair after using this Omega-3 supplement. I recommend it for a great EPA/DHA ratio!
Read More
9
Supports mental health
1 people found this helpful
This high-quality fish oil, despite its large capsules, is easily swallowed and has a pleasant strawberry taste. The EPA-to-DHA ratio complies with research findings on alleviating depression and anxiety, proving its effectiveness in supporting mental health.
Read More
9
Improves sleep quality
My perceptions about the product are that it enhances sleep quality, reduces anxiety, and does not induce drowsiness. I experience a sense of calm. I take it in the morning for clarity of thought and tranquillity while completing tasks, and in the evening to ensure restful sleep after a long day at work.
Fish oil supplementation alleviates metabolic and anxiodepressive effects of diet-induced obesity and associated changes in brain lipid composition in mice.
We explored how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), found in fish oil, impacts anxiety and mood disorders related to obesity. In our study, male mice were fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks, which led to weight gain and anxiety-like behaviors.
To see if EPA could help, we administered fish oil enriched with equal amounts of EPA and DHA for the last five weeks of the study. The results were quite promising. Mice that received the fish oil not only showed reduced anxiety behaviors but also demonstrated improved metabolic health.
Specifically, these mice had better glucose tolerance and reduced food intake, indicating that fish oil could potentially correct some of the metabolic issues that come with obesity. Overall, the addition of EPA-rich fish oil appears to lessen both anxiety and metabolic disturbances caused by a saturated high-fat diet, suggesting its potential benefits for mood and health in similar conditions.
Read More
9
Dietary omega-3s combat stress
Preventing adolescent stress-induced cognitive and microbiome changes by diet.
We explored how a diet rich in specific nutrients, including eicosapentaenoic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid), can impact cognitive function and anxiety levels in adolescents. Using a mild stress model, we focused on the effects of social instability stress on young rats, which led to noticeable cognitive and behavioral changes.
Our findings revealed that when these stressed rats were given a prolonged diet enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and vitamin A, their performance in memory tests improved significantly. In fact, their anxiety levels and cognitive function returned to levels comparable to those of non-stressed rats.
We also observed that the enriched diet helped normalize brain chemistry and the balance of gut microbiota, both of which were disrupted by stress. Importantly, these positive changes persisted into adulthood, indicating that proper nutrition during stressful periods could have long-lasting benefits.
By highlighting the protective effects of eicosapentaenoic acid within a nutritious diet, we suggest exciting possibilities for using diet to help manage stress and anxiety during key developmental years.
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8
Omega-3 improves anxiety in mice
Impact of Omega-3 on Endocannabinoid System Expression and Function, Enhancing Cognition and Behavior in Male Mice.
We explored the impact of an omega-3-rich diet on male mice and found exciting results. Mice that consumed omega-3 showed enhancements in the endocannabinoid system, vital for synaptic function. These dietary changes led to better object recognition and reduced anxiety-like behaviors, as indicated by their time in open arms of an elevated maze.
Though the study demonstrated notable improvements in behavior and cognition, it primarily focused on mice, leaving further research needed to understand omega-3’s effects on human anxiety.
Read More
8
Omega-3s improve mental health outcomes
Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and Mental Health in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults.
We explored the impact of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly omega-3s, on anxiety and depression in over 102,000 participants from the UK Biobank.
The study revealed that higher levels of omega-3 PUFAs were linked to lower risks of developing anxiety and depressive disorders, alongside improvement in adverse psychological symptoms.
Additionally, the research highlighted significant associations between these fatty acids and brain white matter structure, providing valuable insights into how omega-3s might support mental wellness.
Read More
8
EPA alleviates anxiety in mice
Omega-3 alleviates behavioral and molecular changes in a mouse model of stress-induced juvenile depression.
We examined how eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a key component of omega-3 fatty acids, influences anxiety levels in a juvenile mouse model affected by stress. Using an ultrasound (US) stress method, we subjected one-month-old C57/BL6 mice to varying sound frequencies that can mimic depressive-like symptoms.
Alongside the stress exposure, these mice received either an omega-3 food supplement containing EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or a placebo. The results were striking: mice treated with the omega-3 supplement showed no signs of anxiety or depression, while those given the placebo exhibited increased anxiety, lowered motivation for reward, and elevated stress hormones in their blood.
Additionally, our metabolomic analysis revealed beneficial changes, particularly in brain energy metabolism, thanks to the omega-3 treatment. These findings suggest that eicosapentaenoic acid may help alleviate anxiety in stressful situations, implying its potential role as a therapeutic option for tackling anxiety and depression, especially in young populations.
Ideal for immunity and beautiful skin and hair. Fish oil was mandated in childhood for a reason. Back then, we didn't understand polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) or omega-3's vital role, yet children taking fish oil were found to be healthier, with stable nervous systems. Sufficient omega-3 consumption leads to good immunity, delayed ageing, and a clear mind. Fish oil promotes a healthy emotional state and significantly reduces anxiety. Despite my limited fish intake, I’ve appreciated the visible improvements in my skin and hair after using this Omega-3 supplement. I recommend it for a great EPA/DHA ratio!
Read More
9
Supports mental health
1 people found this helpful
This high-quality fish oil, despite its large capsules, is easily swallowed and has a pleasant strawberry taste. The EPA-to-DHA ratio complies with research findings on alleviating depression and anxiety, proving its effectiveness in supporting mental health.
Read More
9
Improves sleep quality
My perceptions about the product are that it enhances sleep quality, reduces anxiety, and does not induce drowsiness. I experience a sense of calm. I take it in the morning for clarity of thought and tranquillity while completing tasks, and in the evening to ensure restful sleep after a long day at work.
Read More
7.5
Helps with anxiety
1 people found this helpful
My family and I regularly take these vitamins as recommended by my yoga teacher. They assist me in managing anxiety, aid my mother with joint issues, support my sister’s skin and hair quality, and help my aunt through menopause. I take them prophylactically and highly recommend them!
Read More
7.5
Strengthens immunity
I take this Omega-3 and give it to my 12-year-old child several times a year, as the EPA and DHA ratio of 2:1 is optimal. My nutritionist recommends it. It helps my child manage anxiety and stress, especially at the school year's start, while boosting immunity.
Anxiety is a natural and often healthy emotion characterized by feelings of worry, nervousness, or fear about an impending event or situation. While some level of anxiety is a normal reaction to stress, excessive or chronic anxiety can become a mental health issue. It may present in various forms, from everyday worries to more severe conditions such as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, or social anxiety disorder. Symptoms can manifest both psychologically, such as persistent worry and difficulty concentrating, and physically, including symptoms like increased heart rate, sweating, or fatigue.
Understanding the difference between normal anxiety and an anxiety disorder is crucial. Normal anxiety can be beneficial, motivating you to prepare for important events like exams or public speaking. However, when it starts to interfere with daily activities or leads to avoidance behaviors, it may indicate the need for professional help. Treatments for anxiety often include therapy, medications, and lifestyle changes, allowing individuals to manage their symptoms effectively. If someone is struggling with anxiety that impacts their quality of life, seeking guidance from a healthcare professional is a key step toward recovery.
Omega-3 fish oil is a nutritional supplement derived from the fatty tissues of fish, particularly fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential fats that the body cannot produce on its own. The most significant types of omega-3s found in fish oil are eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), both of which are known for their numerous health benefits. These include reducing inflammation, supporting heart health, and promoting brain function.
Incorporating omega-3 fish oil into your diet can be beneficial if you don’t consume enough fish regularly. Many health experts recommend oily fish as a part of a balanced diet due to their high omega-3 content. For those who find it difficult to include fish in their meals, fish oil supplements can offer a convenient alternative, providing the same essential fatty acids in concentrated form. However, it’s essential to choose high-quality supplements that are third-party tested for purity and potency to avoid contaminants such as heavy metals or other toxins that can impact health.
Several studies have suggested that Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA and DHA, may have a positive impact on anxiety. These essential fatty acids are found in fish oil and are known for their anti-inflammatory properties, which can influence brain health and functioning. Some research indicates that incorporating Omega-3 supplements into your diet might help reduce symptoms of anxiety, potentially by promoting neuroplasticity and improving mood-regulating neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine.
However, while the evidence is promising, it's essential to approach Omega-3 supplements as a complementary strategy rather than a standalone treatment for anxiety. It's always a good idea to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen, especially if you're already on medication for anxiety or other mental health issues. Overall, while Omega-3 fish oil may be beneficial, it should be part of a comprehensive approach that includes therapy and healthy lifestyle choices.
Based on user reviews, the timeline for observing results from this Omega-3 supplement in managing anxiety can vary. Some users report experiencing noticeable changes fairly quickly, with mentions of anxiety reduction occurring shortly after starting the supplement regimen. For example, one user noted a decrease in anxiety levels almost immediately after beginning their dose, highlighting the supplement's efficacy Read Review.
However, other users emphasize a more gradual improvement over time, suggesting that consistent use is crucial for the best results. For instance, a user highlights the management of anxiety through regular intake while also enjoying other health benefits such as improved sleep quality and mental clarity Read Review. Therefore, while some may notice quick benefits, it often appears that sustained usage over weeks or months leads to the most significant reduction in anxiety symptoms.
Research supports omega-3 fatty acids, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), as potential supplements for alleviating anxiety. A systematic review of 23 trials involving nearly 2,200 participants found that a daily intake of 2 grams of omega-3 led to a notable reduction in anxiety symptoms, although the overall certainty of this evidence was low [3]. Additional studies suggest a correlation between higher levels of omega-3s and decreased risk of anxiety, particularly in large cohorts such as the UK Biobank, where higher plasma levels of these polyunsaturated fatty acids were linked to lower incidents of anxiety and depression [2].
However, while there is promising data, much of the research is still in early stages, often focused on animal models rather than direct human applications. Studies examining the impact of omega-3 on anxiety in adolescents and those suffering from other conditions, like obesity or depression, have shown variable results, emphasizing gender differences and dietary contexts [4], [6]. This variability necessitates further research in well-controlled human trials to reliably determine the effectiveness of omega-3 supplementation for anxiety management.
Users report several positive improvements in their symptoms after using this Omega-3 supplement. Many individuals highlight a reduction in anxiety levels, which appears to be a common theme among user experiences. For instance, one reviewer noted a significant impact on their emotional state and a marked decrease in anxiety symptoms, citing that the supplement has helped them maintain a stable nervous system and emotional balance throughout their day-to-day activities Read Review. Another user pointed out that it aided in managing anxiety and provided a sense of calm, especially during high-stress periods like the start of a school year Read Review.
Additionally, some users mention supplemental benefits, such as improved sleep quality, enhanced mental clarity, and overall wellbeing, all of which can contribute to reduced anxiety Read Review. While results vary from person to person, these anecdotal experiences suggest that consistent use of this Omega-3 supplement might yield significant improvements in managing anxiety and supporting mental health.
Users report positive experiences when combining this Omega-3 supplement with other health practices for managing anxiety. For instance, one reviewer mentioned that taking these vitamins has been beneficial for the entire family, helping manage anxiety effectively alongside joint support and improvements in skin quality Read Review. Another user highlighted that this supplement, taken in conjunction with guidance from their nutritionist, aids their child in managing anxiety and stress, particularly emphasized during the stressful school year Read Review.
Moreover, the omega-3 supplement is often cited as part of a broader wellness routine that includes improved sleep and overall mental clarity, which many users believe further alleviates anxiety symptoms Read Review. The positive combinations extend beyond simple dietary changes, as users incorporate these supplements into their daily health regimens, suggesting a holistic approach to achieving emotional stability and tranquility. Overall, the feedback indicates that users find the Omega-3 supplement synergistic with other practices, enhancing its effectiveness in managing anxiety.
Based on current research, the optimal dose of Omega-3 fish oil for alleviating anxiety symptoms has been identified as approximately 2 grams per day. A systematic review featuring 23 trials and nearly 2,200 participants indicated that this dosage may lead to a significant reduction in anxiety symptoms, while lower doses resulted in minimal effects. However, it's worth noting that the certainty surrounding this evidence is considered low, and additional high-quality trials are necessary to solidify these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms further [3].
In addition to the trials focusing on adults, research involving specific populations, such as those with major depressive disorder, has shown varying benefits from Omega-3 supplementation. It appears that while higher doses of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) may help alleviate anxiety in some contexts, particularly for individuals undergoing stress, the overall relationship remains complex and requires further investigation to tailor effective treatment strategies [14]. While the evidence supports the potential benefits of Omega-3 fish oil in managing anxiety, individual responses may differ based on personal health factors and specific anxiety-related challenges.
6
Decreases anxiety
The lemon-scented capsules mask the fishy smell pleasantly. This product is quite good value for money, and I've noticed a slight decrease in my anxiety levels when taking it, indicating its quality.
9
Improves sleep quality
My perceptions about the product are that it enhances sleep quality, reduces anxiety, and does not induce drowsiness. I experience a sense of calm. I take it in the morning for clarity of thought and tranquillity while completing tasks, and in the evening to ensure restful sleep after a long day at work.
9
Reduces inflammation
1 people found this helpful
Ideal for immunity and beautiful skin and hair. Fish oil was mandated in childhood for a reason. Back then, we didn't understand polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) or omega-3's vital role, yet children taking fish oil were found to be healthier, with stable nervous systems. Sufficient omega-3 consumption leads to good immunity, delayed ageing, and a clear mind. Fish oil promotes a healthy emotional state and significantly reduces anxiety. Despite my limited fish intake, I’ve appreciated the visible improvements in my skin and hair after using this Omega-3 supplement. I recommend it for a great EPA/DHA ratio!
7.5
Strengthens immunity
I take this Omega-3 and give it to my 12-year-old child several times a year, as the EPA and DHA ratio of 2:1 is optimal. My nutritionist recommends it. It helps my child manage anxiety and stress, especially at the school year's start, while boosting immunity.
7.5
Helps with anxiety
1 people found this helpful
My family and I regularly take these vitamins as recommended by my yoga teacher. They assist me in managing anxiety, aid my mother with joint issues, support my sister’s skin and hair quality, and help my aunt through menopause. I take them prophylactically and highly recommend them!
7
Omega-3 shows uncertain anxiety benefits
Efficacy and safety of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation for anxiety symptoms: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
We explored the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on anxiety through a systematic review of 23 trials with nearly 2,200 participants. The results indicated that taking omega-3 at a dose of 2 grams per day may lead to a notable reduction in anxiety symptoms, although the certainty of this evidence is very low. Doses lower than 2 grams showed minimal impact on anxiety levels. While omega-3 supplementation did not result in more adverse effects, further high-quality trials are needed for clearer conclusions.
8
Omega-3s improve mental health outcomes
Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and Mental Health in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults.
We explored the impact of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly omega-3s, on anxiety and depression in over 102,000 participants from the UK Biobank.
The study revealed that higher levels of omega-3 PUFAs were linked to lower risks of developing anxiety and depressive disorders, alongside improvement in adverse psychological symptoms.
Additionally, the research highlighted significant associations between these fatty acids and brain white matter structure, providing valuable insights into how omega-3s might support mental wellness.
5
Omega-3 affects adolescent anxiety variably
Impact of supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids after maternal dietary deficiency on adolescent anxiety and microglial morphology.
We delved into how omega-3 fatty acids might influence anxiety in adolescents, particularly following maternal dietary deficiencies. Using a rat model, our research showed that deficiency led to increased anxiety behaviors in adolescent rats, particularly in females.
While post-weaning omega-3 supplementation didn't significantly alleviate innate anxiety for either sex, it did help reduce learned anxiety in females. This highlights that the influence of omega-3 on anxiety can vary based on sex and the specific anxiety model tested, emphasizing the complex relationship between diet and mental health.
7
Omega-3s show potential for anxiety relief
N-3 PUFA supplementation alleviates anxiety symptoms by manipulating erythrocyte fatty acid levels in depression.
We investigated whether omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation could reduce anxiety symptoms in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). Our study involved 72 patients receiving venlafaxine and focused on how changes in their fatty acid levels could influence anxiety relief.
The results showed that reductions in certain fatty acids were linked to improved anxiety. Surprisingly, higher levels of saturated fatty acids predicted worse anxiety. While there is a relationship between omega-3 supplementation and anxiety improvement, it relies heavily on specific fatty acid levels in the body.
7
Eicosapentaenoic Acid Improves Anxiety
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation improves memory in first-diagnosed, drug-naïve patients with depression: Secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial.
We examined the impact of eicosapentaenoic acid (a type of Omega-3 fatty acid) on anxiety among patients newly diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). In our study, 72 participants who were drug-naïve and receiving venlafaxine were randomly assigned to either take a daily supplement of fish oil—containing eicosapentaenoic acid—or a placebo. This supplementation lasted for 12 weeks, during which we assessed cognitive function and anxiety symptoms using standardized tests.
Our findings revealed that eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation led to an improvement, albeit modest, in anxiety levels among those with depression. Notably, while the effects on immediate memory were significant, the antidepressant treatment also played a crucial role in improving cognitive function overall.
It's essential to mention some limitations of the study, including a relatively small sample size and the use of raw scores for evaluating cognitive performance. Additionally, we recognize the importance of considering diverse backgrounds and income levels of participants, as these factors can influence the results.
Overall, the evidence supports the idea that eicosapentaenoic acid can be beneficial in managing anxiety as part of a broader strategy for addressing the cognitive difficulties often associated with MDD.
References
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Li Y, Hua L, Ran Q, Gu J, Bao Y, et al. Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and Mental Health in Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults. Nutrients. 2024;16. 10.3390/nu16234065
Bafkar N, Zeraattalab-Motlagh S, Jayedi A, Shab-Bidar S. Efficacy and safety of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation for anxiety symptoms: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Psychiatry. 2024;24:455. 10.1186/s12888-024-05881-2
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Hanie MH, Mohammad Reza A, Mansoureh S, Fatemeh SB, Ali S. Exploring the impact of melatonin and omega-3, individually and in combination, on cognitive function, histological changes, and oxidant-antioxidant balance in male rats with dorsal CA1 hippocampal lesions. Brain Res. 2024;1840:149046. 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149046
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Gu Q, Jiang Z, Li K, Li Y, Yan X, et al. Effectiveness of probiotic- and fish oil-loaded water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions at alleviating ulcerative colitis. Food Funct. 2024;15:5797. 10.1039/d4fo00258j
Nakajima S, Demers G, Machuca-Parra AI, Pour ZD, Bairamian D, et al. Central activation of the fatty acid sensor GPR120 suppresses microglia reactivity and alleviates sickness- and anxiety-like behaviors. J Neuroinflammation. 2023;20:302. 10.1186/s12974-023-02978-5
Kelaiditis CF, Gibson EL, Dyall SC. Effects of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on reducing anxiety and/or depression in adults; A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2023;192:102572. 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102572
Demin KA, Kolesnikova TO, Galstyan DS, Krotova NA, Ilyin NP, et al. The Utility of Prolonged Chronic Unpredictable Stress to Study the Effects of Chronic Fluoxetine, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, and Lipopolysaccharide on Anxiety-Like Behavior and Hippocampal Transcriptomic Responses in Male Rats. J Neurosci Res. 2025;103:e70025. 10.1002/jnr.70025
Strekalova T, Radford-Smith D, Dunstan IK, Gorlova A, Svirin E, et al. Omega-3 alleviates behavioral and molecular changes in a mouse model of stress-induced juvenile depression. Neurobiol Stress. 2024;31:100646. 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100646
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Wang HF, Liu WC, Zailani H, Yang CC, Chen TB, et al. A 12-week randomized double-blind clinical trial of eicosapentaenoic acid intervention in episodic migraine. Brain Behav Immun. 2024;118:459. 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.019
Xue Y, Wang L, Liu T, Zhao T, Xie K, et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation improves memory in first-diagnosed, drug-naïve patients with depression: Secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial. J Affect Disord. 2024;350:403. 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.149
Chang CH, Wu HC, Hsieh YR, Lai WD, Tung TH, et al. Modulatory effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on depressive-like behaviors in rats with chronic sleep deprivation: potential involvement of melatonin receptor pathway and brain lipidome. Food Funct. 2023;14:5977. 10.1039/d3fo01452e
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Neto J, Jantsch J, de Oliveira S, Braga MF, Castro LFDS, et al. DHA/EPA supplementation decreases anxiety-like behaviour, but it does not ameliorate metabolic profile in obese male rats. Br J Nutr. 2022;128:964. 10.1017/S0007114521003998
Wang CC, Du L, Shi HH, Ding L, Yanagita T, et al. Dietary EPA-Enriched Phospholipids Alleviate Chronic Stress and LPS-Induced Depression- and Anxiety-Like Behavior by Regulating Immunity and Neuroinflammation. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2021;65:e2100009. 10.1002/mnfr.202100009
Demers G, Roy J, Machuca-Parra AI, Dashtehei Pour Z, Bairamian D, et al. Fish oil supplementation alleviates metabolic and anxiodepressive effects of diet-induced obesity and associated changes in brain lipid composition in mice. Int J Obes (Lond). 2020;44:1936. 10.1038/s41366-020-0623-6
Nakajima S, Fukasawa K, Gotoh M, Murakami-Murofushi K, Kunugi H. Saturated fatty acid is a principal cause of anxiety-like behavior in diet-induced obese rats in relation to serum lysophosphatidyl choline level. Int J Obes (Lond). 2020;44:727. 10.1038/s41366-019-0468-z
Provensi G, Schmidt SD, Boehme M, Bastiaanssen TFS, Rani B, et al. Preventing adolescent stress-induced cognitive and microbiome changes by diet. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019;116:9644. 10.1073/pnas.1820832116
Gajdošová L, Katrenčíková B, Borbélyová V, Muchová J. The Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and Exercise on Locomotor Activity, Exploratory Activity, and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Adult and Aged Rats. Physiol Res. 2024;73:461.
Zambrano E, Rodríguez-González GL, Reyes-Castro LA, Bautista CJ, Castro-Rodríguez DC, et al. DHA Supplementation of Obese Rats throughout Pregnancy and Lactation Modifies Milk Composition and Anxiety Behavior of Offspring. Nutrients. 2021;13. 10.3390/nu13124243
Tang Q, Li S, Fang C, Yu H. Evaluating the reparative effects and the mechanism of action of docosahexaenoic acid on azithromycin-induced lipid metabolism dysfunction. Food Chem Toxicol. 2022;159:112699. 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112699
Ponomarenko AI, Tyrtyshnaia AA, Pislyagin EA, Dyuizen IV, Sultanov RM, et al. N-docosahexaenoylethanolamine reduces neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment after mild traumatic brain injury in rats. Sci Rep. 2021;11:756. 10.1038/s41598-020-80818-9